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Climate change and the transition to a low-carbon economy affect the Norwegian and global economy in many ways. To gain greater insight into how these changes affect the Norwegian economy, Norges Bank has asked a selection of Norwegian enterprises on three occasions in recent years how climate-related conditions affect their operations. This report presents the results of the three surveys. In summary, the results show that climate-related conditions are important for most companies. In particular, factors related to the transition to a low-carbon economy, such as changing customer preferences and climate policy, are important for many of the companies. Climate change in the form of changing weather conditions is also important for many, but a smaller proportion state that this is very important for the company. Many companies see business opportunities in climate changes, but climate-related conditions also lead to higher costs and higher prices.

Circular Fab is a young network of public spaces with digital fabrication resources and entrepreneurship promotion focus. It is the product of cooperation between administrations - European, national, regional and local - with other institutions and companies. Several official regional fablabs have served as references since the definition and construction process. Since the end of 2021, the network is fully operational in six refurbished and equipped public spaces in relatively small towns (CircularFab: una iniciativa reciente de red de laboratorios públicos regionales en Cáceres, España Circular Fab es una red joven de espacios públicos con recursos de fabricación digital y fomento del emprendimiento. Es producto de la cooperación entre las administraciones -europea, nacional, regional y local- con otras instituciones y empresas. Varios fablabs oficiales de la región han servido como referencias desde el proceso de definición y construcción. Desde finales de 2021 la red está funcionando plenamente en seis espacios públicos recién reformados y equipados en ciudades relativamente pequeñas ( Hasta mediados de 2022, la inversión ejecutada es de unos 850k€. En menos de un año, se han impartido más de 650 cursos y sesiones gratuitas, ayudando a unas 140 empresas locales. Se ha abierto de forma continua a centros formativos y empresas. Estimamos que hemos llegado a unas dos mil personas. En este trabajo describimos el proceso de definición y construcción; los diferentes espacios, en ciudades distintas; los agentes públicos y privados implicados; los resultados actuales obtenidos; una visión muy rápida de los proyectos dentro de los espacios; y los próximos pasos previstos., Includes full paper in Spanish

This work, which is originally the result of a professional master's research, aims to analyze and systematize the achievements and challenges of the Family Farming Schools (EFA’s) linked to the Network of Integrated Farming Schools of the Semiarid (REFAISA). This network develops the pedagogy of alternation through basic education (elementary school II) and high school professional, having twenty-five years of experience in the Brazilian Semiarid (SAB). The methodological approach was based on qualitative research and action research mediated by participatory methodologies as tools for problematization and data collection from June 2017 to June 2018, with the subjects and social groups of Sobradinho's EFA's, Correntina, Macaúbas sprouts, Rio Real, Irará, Alagoinhas and Monte Santo, in the state of Bahia, and Ladeirinhas (Japoatã), state of Sergipe. Advances are evidenced in the formation of adolescents and young people in connection with the territories and their complexities, and in the promotion of Contextualized Education in Alternation with its pedagogical instruments that guide the integral formation of the subjects. In addition to the importance of networking through REFAISA, which has enabled the pedagogical advice and institutional policy of affiliated EFA's. The main challenge is the guarantee and maintenance of the public financing of the EFA's and their institutionality as public policy of the State and not of government., Este trabalho, que originalmente é fruto de uma pesquisa de mestrado profissional, pretende analisar e sistematizar as conquistas e desafios das Escolas Famílias Agrícolas (EFA’s) ligadas à Rede das Escolas Famílias Agrícolas Integradas do Semiárido (REFAISA). Essa rede desenvolve a pedagogia da alternância por meio da educação básica (ensino fundamental II) e profissional de nível médio, tendo vinte e cinco anos de atuação no Semiárido Brasileiro (SAB). A abordagem metodológica fundamentou-se na pesquisa qualitativa e na pesquisa-ação mediada pelas metodologias participativas como ferramentas de problematização e coleta de dados ao longo dos meses de junho de 2017 a junho de 2018, junto aos sujeitos e grupos sociais das EFA’s de Sobradinho, Correntina, Brotas de Macaúbas, Rio Real, Irará, Alagoinhas e Monte Santo, no estado da Bahia, e Ladeirinhas (Japoatã), estado de Sergipe. Evidenciam-se avanços na formação de adolescentes e jovens em conexão com os territórios e suas complexidades, e na promoção da Educação Contextualizada em Alternância com seus instrumentos pedagógicos que orientam a formação integral dos sujeitos. Além da importância da atuação em rede a partir da REFAISA, que tem possibilitado a assessoria pedagógica e política institucional das EFA’s filiadas. Como principal desafio, coloca-se a questão da garantia e manutenção do financiamento público das EFA’s e sua institucionalidade enquanto Política Pública de Estado e não de governo. Palavras-chave: Pedagogia da Alternância, Escola Família Agrícola, Rede Regional, Educação Contextualizada, Desenvolvimento Local. Pedagogy of Alternation in basic and professional education: achievements and challenges in 25 years of operation of the Network of Semi-Arid Integrated Family Schools (REFAISA) ABSTRACT. This work, which is originally the result of a professional master's research, aims to analyze and systematize the achievements and challenges of the Family Farming Schools (EFA’s) linked to the Network of Integrated Farming Schools of the Semiarid (REFAISA). This network develops the pedagogy of alternation through basic education (elementary school II) and high school professional, having twenty-five years of experience in the Brazilian Semiarid (SAB). The methodological approach was based on qualitative research and action research mediated by participatory methodologies as tools for problematization and data collection from June 2017 to June 2018, with the subjects and social groups of Sobradinho's EFA's, Correntina, Macaúbas sprouts, Rio Real, Irará, Alagoinhas and Monte Santo, in the state of Bahia, and Ladeirinhas (Japoatã), state of Sergipe. Advances are evidenced in the formation of adolescents and young people in connection with the territories and their complexities, and in the promotion of Contextualized Education in Alternation with its pedagogical instruments that guide the integral formation of the subjects. In addition to the importance of networking through REFAISA, which has enabled the pedagogical advice and institutional policy of affiliated EFA's. The main challenge is the guarantee and maintenance of the public financing of the EFA's and their institutionality as public policy of the State and not of government. Keywords: Alternation Pedagogy, Agricultural Family School, Regional Network, Contextualized Education, Local Development. Pedagogía de la alternancia en la educación básica y profesional: logros y desafíos en 25 años de funcionamiento de la Red de Escuelas de Familias Semiáridas Integradas (REFAISA) RESUMEN. Este trabajo, que originalmente es el resultado de una investigación de maestría profesional, tiene como objetivo analizar y sistematizar los logros y desafíos de las Escuelas de Agricultura Familiar (EPT’s) vinculadas a la Red de Escuelas de Agricultura Integrada de Semiarid (REFAISA). Esta red desarrolla la pedagogía de la alternancia a través de la educación básica (escuela primaria II) y la escuela secundaria profesional, con veinticinco años de experiencia en el semiárido brasileño (SAB). El enfoque metodológico se basó en la investigación cualitativa y la investigación de acción mediada por metodologías participativas como herramientas para la problematización y la recopilación de datos de junio de 2017 a junio de 2018, con los sujetos y grupos sociales de los EFA de Sobradinho, Brotes de Correntina, Macaúbas, Río Real, Irará, Alagoinhas y Monte Santo, en el estado de Bahía, y Ladeirinhas (Japoatã), estado de Sergipe. Se evidencian avances en la formación de adolescentes y jóvenes en relación con los territorios y sus complejidades, y en la promoción de la Educación Contextualizada en Alternancia con sus instrumentos pedagógicos que guían la formación integral de las asignaturas. Además de la importancia de la creación de redes a través de REFAISA, que ha permitido el asesoramiento pedagógico y la política institucional de las EPT afiliadas. El principal desafío es la garantía y el mantenimiento de la financiación pública de los EPT y su institucionalidad como política pública del Estado y no del gobierno. Palabras clave: Pedagogía de Alternación, Escuela Agrícola Familiar, Red Regional, Educación Contextualizada, Desarrollo Local.

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations on infant feeding in the context of COVID-19 uphold standing recommendations for breastfeeding, non-separation, and skin-to-skin contact, including the use of donor human milk when mother’s own milk is not available. Insufficient guidance on the use of donor human milk and the role of human milk banks in the pandemic response COVID-19 clinical management guidelines in seven countries in Southeast Asia are not aligned with WHO recommendations despite the lack of evidence of transmission through either breastmilk or breastfeeding. The use of safe donor human milk accessed through human milk banks is also insufficiently recommended, even in countries with an existing human milk bank, leading to a gap in evidence-based management of COVID-19. This highlights long-standing challenges as well as opportunities in the safe, equitable, and resilient implementation of human milk banks in the region. Conclusions This statement reflects the expert opinion of the Regional Human Milk Bank Network for Southeast Asia and Beyond on the need to revisit national guidelines based on the best evidence for breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic, to incorporate human milk bank services in national obstetric and newborn care guidelines for COVID-19 where possible, and to ensure that operations of human milk banks are adapted to meet the needs of the current pandemic and to sustain donor human milk supply in the long-term. The Network also recommends sustained engagement with the global human milk bank community.

El Plan de difusión de eventos de la Red Territorial UOC, de la que formo parte, surge de la necesidad de hacer un análisis de reflexión acerca de las actividades de comunicación y difusión de eventos que llevamos haciendo desde hace años, sin una estructura definida de acciones y una coordinación con el departamento de comunicación que se encarga de las redes sociales en la Universitat. Debido a la propia naturaleza de la Red Territorial, que tiene funciones muy diversas, debe coordinarse con muchos departamentos de la UOC. Puede decirse que es un departamento transversal, que da soporte presencial a las actividades de la Universitat, proporcionando un matiz territorial y de cercanía a la comunidad UOC compuesta por alumnos, graduados, potenciales alumnos, profesores y tutores repartidos por España. Sin olvidar que el principal objetivo es dar notoriedad a la Universitat, cuando se llevan a cabo actividades presenciales en el territorio como pueden ser jornadas, mesas redondas, presentaciones, comidas con la comunidad, etc. que no son meramente institucionales, como las Jornadas Anuales Alumni, los Actos de Graduación, la Inauguración de Puntos o Sedes, etc., existe un vacío comunicativo en las redes sociales que sería interesante cuestionar para poder establecer una planificación de estas actividades organizadas por la Red Territorial. Este trabajo pretende, principalmente, reflexionar desde el interior de la organización y a partir de la experiencia laboral y los conocimientos adquiridos en el máster. Poner sobre la mesa esta necesidad en el ámbito de la Comunicación, especialmente en las redes, y sacar conclusiones. The Events and Communications plans of UOC Territorial Network, of which I take part in, arises from the need to make a reflection analysis about diffusion and communication of events, that we have been doing for years, without any clear action defined structure anda coordination with the communication department in charge of social networks at University. Due to its very nature of the Territorial Network, that has various functions, needs to be coordinated with many UOC departments. It can be said to be a transversal department which provides on-site support to the University activities, providing a territorial nuance and closeness to the UOC community consisting of students, graduates, potential students, teachers and tutors spread all over Spain. Not forgetting that the main objective is giving prominence to the University, when on-site activities are carried out in the territory, such as conferences, round tables, presentations, lunches with the community, ect. which are not merely institutional, such as Alumni annual working day, Graduation ceremonies, Inauguration of Headquarters, ect. There is a communicative vacuum in social networks, that would be interesting to question to be able to establish a planning for these activities organized by the Territorial Network. This work is mainly aimed to reflect on the inside of the organization and from work experience and acquired knowledge in the master. Putting forward this proposal as a necessity in the field of communication, especially in network and draw conclusions. El Pla de difusió d'esdeveniments de la Xarxa Territorial UOC, de la qual formo part, sorgeix de la necessitat de fer una anàlisi de reflexió sobre les activitats de comunicació i difusió d'esdeveniments que portem fent des de fa anys, sense una estructura definida d'accions i una coordinació amb el departament de comunicació que s'encarrega de les xarxes socials en la Universitat. A causa de la pròpia naturalesa de la Xarxa Territorial, que té funcions molt diverses, ha de coordinar-se amb molts departaments de la UOC. Pot dir-se que és un departament transversal, que dóna suport presencial a les activitats de la Universitat, proporcionant un matís territorial i de proximitat a la comunitat UOC composta per alumnes, graduats, potencials alumnes, professors i tutors repartits per Espanya. Sense oblidar que el principal objectiu és donar notorietat a la Universitat, quan es duen a terme activitats presencials en el territori com poden ser jornades, taules rodones, presentacions, menjades amb la comunitat, etc. que no són merament institucionals, com les Jornades Anuals Alumni, els Actes de Graduació, la Inauguració de Punts o Seus, etc., existeix un buit comunicatiu en les xarxes socials que seria interessant qüestionar per a poder establir una planificació d'aquestes activitats organitzades per la Xarxa Territorial. Aquest treball pretén, principalment, reflexionar des de l'interior de l'organització i a partir de l'experiència laboral i els coneixements adquirits en el màster. Posar sobre la taula aquesta necessitat en l'àmbit de la Comunicació, especialment en les xarxes, i treure conclusions.

The author is grateful to the British Academy and the Leverhulme Trust for their financial support. Building on Neil Whitehead’s work in northern South America, this article considers the formations of two different deep-forest regional networks. Though these Amerindian spaces have origins in the precolonial past, this article analyses their shaping in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, a period when they were invaded by colonial agents. There were other regional systems along the course of the Amazon and its many tributaries that were a part of a similar historical process of refounding identities and claims on land and people involving challenges to leadership and political organization. Following Hal Langfur, we can term this general making of spaces a re-territorialization. Critical social relations include those between Amerindian ethnic entities and their leaders, soldiers, and missionaries. This article focuses on a key spatial relation between Amerindian settlements and the mission, or partially colonized village, which had an indirect or direct contact with each other. Postprint

Early detection of pancreatic cancer (PC) is essential for a better prognosis. Some recent studies have demonstrated that a slight dilatation of the main pancreatic duct (MPD) and small cystic lesions were detected initially in most cases diagnosed at an early stage. Detecting these abnormal findings in cases with high risk factors through an effective screening system including image diagnosis, some biological markers, or familial cancer registrations should contribute to early diagnosis of PC. It has been reported that endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is essential for detecting tumors

В статье излогается методическое обоснование механизма повышения эффективности управления региональной сетью телекоммуникационного сектора. Предлагается авторская классификация факторов, формирующих экономическую и социальную результативность компании, приминительно к эффективности управления региональной сетью телекоммуникационных услуг. В составе механизма повышения эффективности управления региональной сетью рекомендовано использование приростных показателей для мониторинга подразделений компании. Рассчитаны отдельные показатели экономической и социальной результативности работы, указанных подразделений., The methodical substantiation of the mechanism for efficiency increase of a regional network management is carried out. The article proposes the author’s classification of factors that form the economic and social performance of the company as part of the mechanism to improve the management of the regional telecommunications services network. In the structure of the mechanism for efficiency increase of the regional network management it is recommended to use incremental indicators for monitoring departments of the company. Separate indicators of economic and social performance are calculated., №1 (2019)

TRB 2019, 98th Annual Meeting Transportation Research Board, Washington, ETATS-UNIS, 13-/01/2019 - 17/01/2019; In this paper, we propose a regional dynamic traffic assignment framework for macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) models that explicitly accounts for trip length distributions. The proposed framework considers stochasticity on both the trip lengths and the regional mean speed. Consequently, we can define utility functions to assess the cost on alternatives, depending on which terms are considered stochastic. We propose a numerical resolution scheme based on Monte Carlo simulations and use the method of successive averages to solve the network equilibrium. Based on our test scenarios, we show that the variability of trip lengths inside the regions cannot be neglected. Moreover, it is also important to consider the stochasticity on the regional mean speeds to account for correlation between regional paths. We also discuss an implementation of the proposed dynamic traffic assignment framework on the sixth district of the Lyon network, where trip lengths are explicitly calculated. The traffic states are modeled by considering the accumulation-based MFD model. The results highlight the influence of the variability of trip lengths on the predicted traffic states.

In this paper, we propose a regional dynamic traffic assignment framework for macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) models that explicitly accounts for trip length distributions. The proposed framework considers stochasticity on both the trip lengths and the regional mean speed. Consequently, we can define utility functions to assess the cost on alternatives, depending on which terms are considered stochastic. We propose a numerical resolution scheme based on Monte Carlo simulations and use the method of successive averages to solve the network equilibrium. Based on our test scenarios, we show that the variability of trip lengths inside the regions cannot be neglected. Moreover, it is also important to consider the stochasticity on the regional mean speeds to account for correlation between regional paths. We also discuss an implementation of the proposed dynamic traffic assignment framework on the sixth district of the Lyon network, where trip lengths are explicitly calculated. The traffic states are modeled by considering the accumulation-based MFD model. The results highlight the influence of the variability of trip lengths on the predicted traffic states.

The calibration of trip lengths is an important challenge for multi-regional MFD-based applications, as it can influence the dynamics of regional densities (and speeds). Existing research has not paid significant attention in the topic, giving opportunities for answering some fundamental questions. In this paper, we propose an original methodology to explicitly determine trip length distributions based on a subset of trips in the city network and its partitioning. Since the full description of all-realized trips is-difficult-to-estimate for a large city network, we propose to define a set of virtual trips corresponding to a full coverage of potential local origin-destination pairs and shortest-paths in distance. We investigate how different levels of information can influence the accuracy of the multi-regional dynamic MFD-based models, through the estimated trip length distributions. This information ranges from regional trip lengths without any information of origin, destination, previous or next regions up to the specific regional path associated to each trip. We test this methodology on a simulated environment with a significant amount of real information for a network with 757 links that corresponds to the 6th district of Lyon. We first provide guidance on how to properly define the set of virtual trips. We show that a single average trip length is not representative of all possible trip lengths estimated by the most detailed levels of information for one region. We also highlight that the first level of information assigns similar trip lengths for regional paths that are composed by the same regions, but in a reverse ordered sequence. Nevertheless, this is not the case for the most detailed levels of information since they capture the directed links city network topology. We propose a procedure to update the trip lengths when an update of the regional Origin Destination matrix changes, without a need for a full recalculation. We also investigate the influence of the trip length tuning on the traffic dynamics of the regional network. The traffic states are modeled by a trip-based MFD model. We show that the setting of the trip lengths influences the traffic dynamics in the regions. Moreover, the traffic conditions predicted by the two most detailed levels of information are close. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Цель исследования – анализ особенностей реперфузионной стратегии у пациентов с инфарктом миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST в Самарской области. Материал и методы. В исследование включали пациентов с острым коронарным синдромом с подъемом сегмента ST (ОКСпST) (n=164), которым в период с 10.01.2014 по 24.12.2014 на догоспитальном этапе выполняли тромболитическую терапию (дТЛТ). Для дальнейшего анализа из 164 пациентов исключили данные 9 пациентов (5,5%), у которых не подтвердился диагноз «ОКСпST» на госпитальном этапе. 1-ю группу составили пациенты с ОКСпST, получившие только дТЛТ (n=61), 2-ю (n=94) – пациенты с ОКСпST, которым в дальнейшем после проведенной дТЛТ было выполнено чрескожное вмешательство (ЧКВ). Результаты. Пациенты обеих групп значимо различались только по частоте использования клопидогрела на этапе скорой медицинской помощи (СМП): его получили 88% пациентов в группе ЧКВ и только 65% пациентов в группе без ЧКВ. Пациенты, госпитализированные в ЧКВ-центры, почти на 30 мин раньше обращались за медицинской помощью (время боль–вызов СМП). У большинства пациентов – 70% в группе без ЧКВ и 75% в группе с ЧКВ – дТЛТ была проведена в течение первых 3 ч от начала ангинозного приступа. По данным ЭКГ, частота реперфузии коронарной артерии через 90 мин после дТЛТ составила 90% в группе без ЧКВ и 35,4% в группе с ЧКВ. Процедура ЧКВ была выполнена пациентам в среднем в течение 273 мин от момента поступления, что сопровождалось практически 2-кратным снижением частоты летальных исходов (5,3 против 11,5%). На риск летального исхода достоверно влияли только степень тяжести сердечной недостаточности по Killip и передняя локализация инфаркта. Заключение. Проведенный анализ показал высокую частоту правильного принятия решения о проведении дТЛТ, в том числе фельдшерскими бригадами СМП. С целью снижения времени обращения за медицинской помощью необходима разработка региональной социальной рекламы. Дальнейшее снижение госпитальной летальности от ОКСпST возможно в случае прямой госпитализации пациентов данной группы в ближайшие ЧКВ-центры., The aim of the study was to analyze features of reperfusion strategy in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the Samara Region. Material and methods. Patients with acute coronary syndrome with ST-segment elevation (n=164) were included in the study, who underwent thrombolytic therapy at the prehospital stage during the period from 10.01.2014 to 12.24.2014. For further analysis data from 9 patients (5.5%) were excluded from the general group (164 patients), because acute coronary syndrome with ST-segment elevation diagnosis was not confirmed at the hospital stage. The 1st group consisted of patients with acute coronary syndrome with ST-segment elevation who received only thrombolytic therapy at the prehospital stage (n=61), 2nd group (n=94) consisted of patients with acute coronary syndrome with ST-segment elevation, who subsequently underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) after receiving thrombolytic therapy at the prehospital stage. Results. Patient data from both groups significantly differed only in clopidogrel usage frequency at EMS stage. This medical product received 88% of patients in PCI group and only 65% of patients in group without PCI. Patients who were hospitalized in PCI-centers, sought medical help almost 30 min earlier (time pain-call EMS). In the majority of patients (70% in non-PCI group and 75% in PCI group) thrombolytic therapy at the prehospital stage was performed within the first 3 h after onset of an anginal attack. According to ECG, coronary artery reperfusion rate 90 min after thrombolytic therapy at the prehospital stage was 90% in non-PCI group and 35.4% in PCI group. The PCI procedure was performed on average for 273 min from the moment of admission, which was accompanied by nearly twofold mortality decrease (5.3 versus 11.5%). Only heart failure severity according to Killip and anterior wall infarction significantly influenced the lethal outcome risk. Conclusion. The conducted analysis showed high frequency of correct decision-making on conducting thrombolytic therapy at the prehospital stage by EMS feldsher's brigades among others. For the purpose of reduce the time to seek medical help it is necessary to develop regional social advertising. Further reduction of hospital mortality from acute coronary syndrome with ST-segment elevation is possible in case of direct hospitalization of this group of patients to the nearest PCI centers.

Resume Introduction L’oncogenetique est une demarche au long cours, qui exige une relation de confiance entre le consultant et l’ensemble du personnel soignant, et suppose une communication intrafamiliale afin que chacun puisse beneficier d’une prise en charge optimale. Elle necessite le recueil de nombreux documents et des interactions frequentes entre les differents acteurs. Nous presentons ici la creation d’un outil qui tient compte des exigences de cette activite. Methodes L’outil a ete developpe selon une approche modele-vue-controleur avec le systeme relationnel PostgreSQL 9.3. Le site web a ete developpe avec les langages PHP 5.3, HTML5 et CSS3, ainsi que des fonctions en JavaScript et jQuery–AJAX. Deux modules ont egalement ete utilises, FPDF et PHPMailer. Resultats L’outil permet l’interaction d’intervenants multiples, la gestion des donnees cliniques, l’enregistrement et le classement des documents, l’edition de comptes rendus et de courriers, l’envoi de courriers electroniques, la gestion des calendriers et des rendez-vous. Une panoplie de requetes a ete elaboree afin d’automatiser la veille des dossiers sans perte d’information, de realiser du publipostage et d’evaluer l’activite. Discussion L’outil a ete construit specifiquement pour les consultations et le suivi des personnes en oncogenetique et comporte tous les elements necessaires et adaptes a cette activite. Il beneficie d’une autorisation de la CNIL, est accessible par Internet, et cet acces est restreint et securise. Il est dote d’un guide de remplissage en ligne. Developpe par une structure academique, il est souple et evolutif, et permet de repondre aux besoins de l’oncogenetique.

The coordinated management of regional and urban networks is a challenging real-time control problem because of the reduced water resources, intensive energy requirements and increased attention towards the environmental impact of water use. Optimal coordinated management of such water networks involves more difficulties because of different dynamics and control requirements of each network. This chapter proposes a multi-layer model predictive control (MPC) with temporal multi-level coordination for regional and urban networks. Inside each network, an MPC-based controller is used. Between the regional and urban networks, a temporal multi-level coordination mechanism is used to generate control strategies that consider the objectives and timescales in the different networks. According to real practices, a regional network works in a daily scale in order to achieve the global management policies for the different reservoirs, while the urban network works in a hourly scale and is in charge of manipulating the actuators (pumps and valves) set points to satisfy local objectives. Real-life pilot demonstration in Catalonia Regional Network (Spain) will be used to prove the general applicability of the proposed solution and its effectiveness for improving the efficiency of water use, energy consumption and the reduction in computing load.

Oncogenetics is a long-term process, which requires a close relation between patients and medical teams, good familial links allowing lifetime follow-up. Numerous documents are exchanged in between the medical team, which has to frequently interact. We present here a new tool that has been conceived specifically for this management.The tool has been developed according to a model-view-controler approach with the relational system PostgreSQL 9.3. The web site used PHP 5.3, HTML5 and CSS3 languages, completed with JavaScript and jQuery-AJAX functions and two additional modules, FPDF and PHPMailer.The tool allows multiple interactions, clinical data management, mailing and emailing, follow-up plannings. Requests are able to follow all patients and planning automatically, to send information to a large number of patients or physicians, and to report activity.The tool has been designed for oncogenetics and adapted to its different aspects. The CNIL delivered an authorization for use. Secured web access allows the management at a regional level. Its simple concept makes it evolutive according to the constant updates of genetic and clinical management of patients.

The Kansai Faculty Development Association, which is a mutual-aid association of universities in the Kansai area concerning faculty development (FD), has held annual FD Meetings since 2010 in order to share FD practices of each member university. The program of each meeting includes poster presentations of each member universities' efforts and "institutional" peer review activities for exchange of opinions and/or ideas among members of the association. Through the meeting, this paper confirms significance for the meeting participants from analysis of questionnaires and nine categories are extracted from their reviewed comments. The result suggests the effectiveness of the meeting program, as the degree of satisfaction was quite large. Categories extracted from reviewed comments are considered to be a helpful reference for following reviewers.

民生委員は最も地域に根ざした福祉の担い手である。この民生委員に対する高齢者虐待の意識調査をおこなった。アンケート調査の対象は、I市の民生委員定数195人で、回答者は173人であった。(回答率88.7%)。性別は男性83人、女性82人で男女の差はなかった。年齢層は、60歳代が最も多く、51.4%、70歳代は20.2%であり、40歳代5.8%と最も少なかった。民生委員の在任期間は、3年が51人(29.5%)で最も多く、次いで6年が37人(21.4%)であり、全体の50.9%を占めている。9年以上の在任期間を有する者は全体の27.9%であった。民生委員の職業は、特徴的な傾向はないが、主婦が最も多く63人(38.4%)であった。僧侶が6人(3.5%)が目立つ程度である。民生委員の高齢者虐待の体験では、10.4%の人が虐待を発見している。高齢者虐待は増加していると考える人が63.0%であった。民生委員の今後の活動では、虐待の研修や普及活動が必要であると答えた人が、それぞれ、68.2%、66.5%であり、民生委員として高齢者虐待防止の活動に対する積極性がうかがえた。虐待の通報先では、市町村や地域包括センターなど公的機関と答えた人が64.5%であった。虐待のイメージに関しては身体的暴力が83.4%の人が虐待と感じており、暴言は78.6%、無視、世話放棄は、約70%の人が虐待と認知していた。高齢者虐待の要因は介護負担、家族関係によるものが約80%であった。民生委員法の改正に伴う民生委員の「名士」的な役割から抜け出し、住民との対等な立場で地域の福祉に積極的に関わる民生委員の活動について言及している。今後の民生委員の積極的な関わりが期待できるアンケート結果であった。, 6, KJ00005164999

У доповіді розглянуо основні тенденції оптимізації регіональної мережі банків в Україні, виявлено основні причини скорочення кількості банківських філій The report examined key trends of optimization regional bank network in Ukraine, founded the main causes of reduction in the number of bank branches

У статті розглянуто основні тенденції закордонного банківництва стосовно управління філіальною мережею фінансово-кредитних установ. Автором проаналізовано сучасні форми створення регіональних представництв зарубіжних банків The article reviews the main trends of foreign bans’ branch network management. The author analyzes the modern forms of regional offices that are established by foreign banks

У статті досліджено основні тенденції у сфері управління регіональною мережею вітчизняних банківських установ. Автором проаналізовано динаміку зміни обсягу філій та відділень фінансово-кредитних установ України протягом 2010-2012 рр.; визначено напрями підвищення ефективності бізнес-процесів та управління структурними підрозділами, які використовували деякі українські банки у посткризовий період; зроблено висновки стосовно подальших перспектив та напрямків оптимізації регіональних мереж банків. The major trends in managing of regional network of Ukrainian banks are researched in the paper. The author analyzed the dynamics of quantity of bank branches in Ukraine during 2010-2012 and identified, that tendency to reduce the number of branches we have seen during the 2008-2010 is transforming now. Banks is gradually expanding their branch network and optimizing the activities of existing structural units. In the article has been considered such direction to optimize the managing of bank structural units in the post-crisis period as a centralization of distribution network.

В роботі досліджується сутність та складові регіональної мережі банку в сучасних умовах. In the work of the entity and the components of the regional network of the Bank in modern conditions.

This paper reflects on the theme of sustainability and territorial social responsibility, which, in this context, is defined as a pathway promoted by a plurality of public and private actors, forand non-profit, who find that social cohesion and the relationships that are cultivated in the place from which these diverse “protagonists” come, are the drivers in the construction of shared territorial governance. The efficacy of such processes in the local context (communal, provincial and regional) is predicated on the culture and on the values that the diverse, networked stakeholders-actors accumulate in their territory (meso level). In developing this theme, the paper is divided into several parts. The first part describes the theoretical context, which is illustrated by an enumeration of experiences realized at the local level in Italy. We then focus our analysis on the experience of territorial governance promoted in the Marches Region. This project was selected as a case study because it is emblematic of the Italian context; the territory is characterized by the diffuse presence of small businesses in the socio-economic fabric and by the proactive role of the local government. The case allows us to evaluate this paper’s fundamental proposition, that the policies of the European Commission and the Government of Italy for promoting Corporate Social Responsibility and sustainability are not concretely effective when they are not fostered by regional authorities together with local private actors. Furthermore, public initiatives, to be effective, should take into consideration the influence of local culture, the social milieu, and economic factors shaping the environment in which public-private networks arise.

Improvements in infrastructure in all parts of Sudan in recent years have had a strong impact on per capita growth, contributing 1.7 percentage points. Consistent with trends in other countries, the information and communication (ICT) revolution that swept Africa contributed the most to Sudan. Raising the infrastructure endowment of all parts of Sudan to that of the region's best performer, Mauritius, could boosts annual growth by about 3.5 percentage points. Sudan has invested heavily in infrastructure in recent years, with some notable achievements. Power generation capacity tripled in just a few years, rising from around 800 megawatts (MW) in 2005 to 2,687MW in 2007, with a shift toward hydropower. Nevertheless, service reliability remains an issue. In ICT, Sudan has made enormous strides in liberalizing the sector and as a result has attracted significant private capital. Mobile penetration soared from less than 1 percent in 2000 to 33 percent in 2009. Recent connectivity to an undersea fiber-optic cable has led to expansions in access, improvements in quality, and reduction in prices. Looking ahead, Sudan's most pressing infrastructure challenges lie in the water and transport sectors. Sudan's infrastructure development has so far had a national focus, and there is much that remains to be done to achieve greater regional integration. While internal road corridors are developed, connectivity with neighbors is largely absent. Sudan has a natural gateway to the sea through Port Sudan but the port's performance is severely hindered by long dwell times, high costs, and capacity constraints. Looking further ahead, Sudan has the potential to be a major hydropower exporter if additional capacity could be developed and transmission links with neighboring Nile Basin countries strengthened.

This Cameroon economic update, the World Bank is launching a program of short, crisp and more frequent country economic reports. These economic updates will analyze the trends and constraints in Cameroon's economic development. Each issue, produced bi-annually, will provide an update of recent economic developments as well as a special focus on a selected topical issue. The economic updates aim to share knowledge and stimulate debate among those interested in improving the economic management of Cameroon and unleashing its enormous potential. The notes thereby offer another voice on economic issues in Cameroon, and an additional platform for engagement, learning and change. The report's special focus on the telecommunication sector. Cameroon has been hit by the global economic and financial crisis over the past two years, as reflected in steep declines in the price and demand for its export commodities including oil, timber, rubber, cotton and aluminum. However, the upturn in the global economy and measures taken by the authorities to stimulate domestic production, preliminary indications suggest that economic activity is recovering. Gross domestic product (GDP) growth in 2010 is estimated to have reached 3 percent on the back of stronger non-oil activities, which expanded by about 4 percent (particularly food crops, forestry, construction, transport, and telecoms). Data on private credit growth corroborate this assessment. Cameroon is a relatively small and mature oil producer, where oil production is declining. Depleting reserves, aging equipment, and more recently postponements of some development projects and investments because of the financial crisis explain this profile. The contribution of this sector to GDP growth has been mostly negative in recent years: oil production is estimated to have contracted by a further 16 percent in 2010 (to 23.2 million barrels).

経済学 / Economics, We applied Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to identify factors that increase the effectiveness of museum activities for human resource development (educational programs). We divide public museums into the following three categories: a first group which is successful in educational programs (desirable model), a second group(environmentally handicapped model) which have smaller budgets but still can function effectively if they have a large collection and are active in collaboration with other regional educational organizations such as schools, NPOs, and other museums, and a third group (developing model) which have larger budgets than the other groups but whose educational programs are unsuccessful. The last group might be revitalized through more active collaboration with other regional organizations. Also, it appears that museums without other facilities such as theatrical venues function more effectively than museums with such a broad range of facilities. Finally, we find that the efficiency of museums does not appear to be affected by whether they are under the control of the Board of Education or directly subordinate to local government., http://www.grips.ac.jp/list/jp/facultyinfo/kakiuchi_emiko/, http://www.grips.ac.jp/list/facultyinfo/tone_kaoru/

One of the problems in discussing one-stop shops is that everyone seems to have a different idea of what one is. There have been one-stop shops since at least the 1920s, mostly in the retail trade, epitomized by the development of supermarkets and, in recent years, internet sales outlets. This book is about one particular type of service, namely, business registration, and the various one-stop shops that exist now and might exist in the future. If there is confusion about what constitutes a one-stop shop, there are also a variety of views about business registration. In some countries all businesses have to be registered, in others, only those companies with a legal existence separate from their owners. In some countries, registration is the responsibility of the courts; in others, it is an administrative function handled by a government ministry, semi-autonomous agency, or chamber of commerce. Registration may be a function of a central institution or may be affected at a local level. In all these areas, there is change when it comes to implementing a one-stop shop. It is hardly surprising therefore that there are many different views about what constitutes, or should constitute, a one-stop shop.

The Swedish town Kalmar suffered from economic cutbacks during the 1990’s and many local companies left the region resulting in a decrease in population. Local authorities therefore set goals of regional development and an economic turn was thought to come with foreign investments. Fanerdun is one of the Chinese firms recently interested in investing in the Swedish market, more specifically in Kalmar. Its business idea is to build a convention centre where ap-proximately 1000 Chinese suppliers will sell light industry products to companies in the Baltic Sea region and Northern Europe. The establishment process is of value to study since the economically strained Kalmar region managed to attract such a large investment and Fanerdun’s reasons behind its choice of location for the establishment are not apparent. The purpose of this thesis is to answer the questions why and how the convention centre was realised in Kalmar. Both given and cre-ated factors are taken into account. To fulfil the purpose, a case study using a qualitative method with an abductive approach was used. Primary data was collected through interviews with different involved actors to give a complete picture from various perspectives. This approach is referred to as triangula-tion and was also present in the frame of reference. Three different theory fields; regional network, internationalisation and guanxi were appropriate to describe the complexity of the establishment process. The conclusion includes the given and created factors that led to Fanerdun’s establishment in Kalmar. The given factors are; location in Europe and the Baltic Sea region, low corporate tax, low investment costs, infrastructure capabilities and small town advantage. From the analysis, created factors became clear. One common feature found to be a central factor was relationships between people, organisations and regions. From Kalmar’s perspective, the regional network anticipation explains why the establishment was realised. To answer how, the three developing regional networks; Changxing-Kalmar, Baltic Sea region and Kalmar region itself together played essential roles. From Fanerdun’s perspective, why and how Kalmar was chosen as location for its international establishment is interlinked. Different internationalisation drives were characterised by commitment, shared knowledge and mu-tual dependency between Fanerdun and Kalmar representatives. The presence of guanxi, a Chinese concept of relationship cultivation, was a specific aspect for the realisation of the convention centre.

This study reviews recent experience applying ICTs in the fight against rural poverty and identifies ways in which donor interventions can make effective use of ICTs to improve the living conditions of rural communities in Latin America and the Caribbean and help reduce poverty.

För att uppmätta föroreningshalter i vecko- eller månadsprover från de svenska nederbördskemiska stationsnäten EMEP, PMK (svenska Luft- och Nederbördskemiska nätet) och REG (regionala nederbördskemiska stationsnät, som drivs av IVL i flertalet län, här sammanförda till ett nät) ska vara riktiga krävs att den uppmätta nederbördsmängden vid varje station och nederbördstillfälle är representativ för den nederbördsmängd som verkligen fallit. Korrekt bestämda föroreningshalter i nederbörden är i sin tur en förutsättning för att den beräknade våtdepositionen ska bli korrekt. Detta gäller oavsett om våtdepositionsberäkningarna baseras enbart på nederbördskemiska mätdata eller om MATCH-Sverige modellen, som inkluderar förenklad dataassimilation av föroreningshalter, utnyttjas. Det är emellertid svårt att mäta upp korrekta nederbördsmängder, flera felkällor finns.I denna studie har en utvärdering gjorts av kvaliteten i uppmätta nederbördsmängder inom de svenska nederbördskemiska stationsnäten. Detta har gjorts med hjälp av objektivt analyserade nederbördsfält över Sverige, baserade på SMHIs samtliga nederbördsstationer samt fjärranalysdata. Resultaten visar att det under vissa perioder under 1998-2001 finns brister i kvaliteten för uppmätta nederbördsmängder vid de svenska EMEP-stationerna Aspvreten och Vavihill och att nederbördsmätningarna inom PMK- och REG-näten visar bristande kvalitet under vinterhalvåren. Det finns dessutom systematiska skillnader i uppsamlingseffektivitet mellan sommar- och vinterhalvår vid dessa båda stationsnät.För EMEP-stationerna är de största avvikelserna i uppmätt nederbördsmängd troligen orsakade av tekniska fel på locksamlarna, som påverkar den automatiska öppningen av locken i samband med nederbörd.En möjlig orsak till kvalitetsbristerna i uppmätt nederbördsmängd under vintern vid PMK- och REG-näten är utnyttjandet av de s.k. snösäckarna som används under vinterhalvåret oavsett väderförhållanden. Praktiska studier och CFD-beräkningar (strömningsmodell) vid SMHI visar att detaljutformningen av nederbördsmätarna kan ha avsevärd betydelse för uppsamlingseffektiviteten av nederbörd. Snösäckarna kan innebära en betydande påverkan på de aerodynamiska förhållandena runt provtagarna, och därmed kan uppmätt nederbördsmängd under vinterhalvåret variera beroende på såväl vindhastighet, vindriktning, storleken på regndroppar/snöflingor, om det är regn eller snö samt på den lokala placeringen av provtagaren. Det kan dessutom finnas systematiska skillnader mellan PMK- och REG-näten, eftersom principerna för hur provtagarna placeras skiljer sig något åt mellan de båda stationsnäten.Såväl snösäckar som locksamlare har utnyttjats under många år och de variationer i uppsamlingseffektivitet för nederbörd som dessa orsakar kan vara bidragande orsaker till de skillnader i beräknad deposition, som har erhållits beroende på vilket stationsnät och vilka beräkningsmetoder som utnyttjats. High quality measurements of precipitation amounts in precipitation chemistrynetworks are of large importance in order to obtain correct information concerningconcentrations in precipitation as well as wet deposition of air pollutants. In this study the quality of measured precipitation amounts at each of three differentSwedish precipitation chemistry networks has been investigated. For shorter periodsduring 1998-2001 quality deficiencies were found at two Swedish EMEP stations.The reason to that seems to be technical problems with the lid samplers used at thatnetwork.For the Swedish air and precipitation chemistry network (PMK) and the regionalnetwork (REG) deficiencies in precipitation measurements were found for the winterseasons. Very large scatter in precipitation amounts was obtained when comparisonswere made with objective interpolated precipitation fields based on all SMHIobservations. The reason to this disagreement is assumed to be the use of “snowsacks”on the samplers during the winter half-year regardless of weather condition.These “snow-sacks” are assumed to influence the aerodynamic conditions around thesamplers and thus also influence the efficiency in sampling raindrops andsnowflakes.

Стаття присвячена проблемі підвищення ефективності управління філіальною мережею комерційних банків. Розглянуті основні підходи до управління банком зі структурними підрозділами: централізована та децентралізована концепції управління, їх переваги та недоліки. Пропонується використання реінжинірингу як методу оптимізації управління багатофіліальними банками. This article touches upon the problem how to raise efficiency in management of the branch net of commercial banks. The main approaches to the management of structural subdivisions are examined; pains and gains are analyzed. It is suggested to use the reengineering as a method of improvement of the multi branch banks management.

The Mekong Basin Disease Surveillance (MBDS) network was formally established in 2001 through a Memorandum of Understanding signed by six Ministers of Health of the countries in the Greater Mekong sub-region: Cambodia, China (Yunnan and Guangxi), Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. The main areas of focus of the network are to: i) improve cross-border infectious disease outbreak investigation and response by sharing surveillance data and best practices in disease recognition and reporting, and by jointly responding to outbreaks; ii) develop expertise in epidemiological surveillance across the countries; and iii) enhance communication between the countries. Comprised of senior health officials, epidemiologists, health practitioners, and other professionals, the MBDS has grown and matured over the years into an entity based on mutual trust that can be sustained into the future. Other regions have started emulating the network's pioneering work. In this paper, we describe the development of MBDS, the way in which it operates today, and some of its achievements. We present key challenges the network has faced and lessons its members have learned about how to develop sufficient trust for health and other professionals to alert each other to disease threats across national borders and thereby more effectively combat these threats. Keywords: MBDS; trust-based collaboration; Mekong Basin; infectious disease surveillance; regional network; cross-border; human resource; outbreak investigation and response; FETP; epidemiological capacity (Published: 25 January 2013) Citation: Emerg Health Threats J 2013, 6 : 19944 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ehtj.v6i0.19944