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The purpose of this study is to identify and resolve problems and issuesfrom student teacher evaluations and general reviews in order to improve andenhance the teacher training course in the Health and Physical Education courseat Osaka International University. To achieve this, we reviewed the overallevaluations of student teachers from 2019 to 2021 and analyzed general reviewswith AI text mining. It was determined that we should improve the knowledgeand ability of the Health and Physical Education course and student guidance tomeet a prescribed standard. Student teachers should be instructed on improvingtheir material development and teaching practice, and be encouraged to teachwith enthusiasm, earnestness, and be more involved with their students.

Глава посвящена анализу возможностей современной системы образования противостоять вызовам в ситуации риска и нестабильности. Автором проанализированы проблемные ситуации, с которыми может столкнуться система образования, рассмотрена специфика предпринимательского образования и оценены его возможность с точки зрения поиска относительной устойчивости специалиста на рынке труда, а также раскрыты основные актуальные тренды системы образования., The chapter is devoted to the analysis of modern education system's ability to withstand the challenges in a situation of risk and instability. The author analyzes the problem situations that the education system may face, examines the specifics of entrepreneurial education and evaluates its capabilities in terms of finding the relative stability of a specialist in the labor market, as well as reveals the main current trends in the education system.

Student feedback is a crucial indicator of how well teachers and the educational system are performing. Maintaining high standards of quality and assessing teacher effectiveness as well as student academic performance depend on students' satisfaction. The goal of the study was to investigate the impact of public school teacher qualifications and teaching experience on students’ academic performance and satisfaction. The study was conducted at the selected elementary schools in Agusan del Sur, Philippines. It has been randomly picked based on the criteria and guidelines portrayed by the researchers. The study has utilized a quantitative research approach with a descriptive research design. The study has used a descriptive survey questionnaire. The participants in the study were 50 randomly selected public elementary teachers and another 40 randomly selected samples of students from the said schools. The reliability tests were just performed to measure the internal consistency and construct validity of the scales of the study. Furthermore, the study used a linear regression to greatly attain the main objectives of the study as well as a multiple moderation regression, known as the MMR test, to attest to the relationships between the given objectives. Based on the findings, the linear regression analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between teachers’ experience, qualifications, and the level of students’ satisfaction. It was stated on the table that the R2 value of public teacher experience was 0.512 and their qualifications were 0.611, whereas the students’ satisfaction score of 0.877 had significantly increased based on their perceived interest in the teaching methods of the teachers in the actual setting. Model 1 findings: effective knowledge sharing has been extensively researched and found to have significant effects on student satisfaction and academic performance (R2 = 0.678; p 0.000; beta coefficient = 0.694, respectively). Also, (Model 2: R2 = 0.522; p 0.000; beta coefficient = 0.759), which is significantly correlated to the level of student satisfaction Model 3: R2 = 0.711, p

Tiesību zinātne Tiesību zinātne Law Science Law Science Bakalaura darba tēma ir: “Noziedzīgi iegūtu līdzekļu legalizācijas apkarošana Latvijā”. Darba aktualitāte saistāma ar to, ka noziedzīgi iegūtu līdzekļu legalizācijas novēršana ir prioritāte, jo arī ģeopolitiskie notikumi parāda, ka noziedzīgi iegūtu līdzekļu legalizācijas un ēnu ekonomikas novēršana un apkarošana ir tiešs nacionālās un globālās drošības jautājums. Pētījuma mērķis: Analizēt noziedzīgi iegūtu līdzekļu legalizācijas būtību un tiesisko regulējumu, pilnveidot izpratni par noziedzīgi iegūtu līdzekļu legalizēšanas apkarošanu, konstatēt būtiskākās problēmas un izstrādāt priekšlikumus, kas spētu uzlabot noziedzīgi iegūtu līdzekļu legalizācijas apkarošanu. Darba autors konstatē, ka straujā pasaules tehnoloģiju attīstība, lielais banku skaits un, tas, ka periodiski kādas no tām likvidējās un to vietā atveras jaunas, kā arī cita tipa naudas apgrozīšanas uzņēmumiem ieviešot dažāda veida norēķinu formas, kas līdzinās bezskaidras naudas līdzekļu apritei, piemēram, kā kriptovalūta vai NFT jeb “Non-fungible token”, ko latviski tulko kā neaizstājami blokķēžu žetoni, atvieglina personām noziedzīgā ceļā iegūtos līdzekļus legalizēt vienkāršāk. Noziedzīgi iegūtu līdzekļu legalizācija bojā arī kopējo valsts reputāciju un nodara būtisku kaitējumu valsts budžetam un visai finanšu sistēmai kopumā. Lai gan noziedzīgā veidā iegūtu līdzekļu legalizācija pati par sevi ir atsevišķs noziedzīgs nodarījums, par kuru kriminālatbildība Latvijā ir paredzēta Krimināllikuma 195.pantā, tā vienmēr rada kopsakarību ar vairāku citu veidu noziegumiem, tostarp ar krāpšanām, dokumentu viltošanu, fiktīvu uzņēmējdarbību, nodokļu nemaksāšanu, tāpat arī ar narkotisko, psihotropo vielu nelikumīgu tirdzniecību, kontrabandu, liela apmēra zādzībām un citiem noziegumiem, kuru pamatmērķis ir iegūt mantisku labumu jeb gūt peļņu. Darba apjoms: 63 lpp, 93 izmantotās literatūras avoti. Atslēgas vārdi: noziedzīgi iegūtu līdzekļu legalizācija, apkarošana, kvalifikācija, izmeklēšana, kriminālatbildība, kompetentās institūcijas, sadarbība. The title of the bachelor's work is: “Combating money laundering in Latvia”. The focus of work is that preventing money laundering is a priority, as geopolitical events also show that preventing and combating money laundering and the shadow economy is a direct issue of national and global security. The aim of the study: To analyze the nature and legal framework of money laundering, improve awareness of combating money laundering, identify major challenges and develop proposals to improve the fight against money laundering. The author notes that the rapid development of global technology, the large number of banks and the fact that periodically they are dissolving and filing for bankruptcy and also that new ones are forming instead, also as well as the introduction to other types of money-turning companies of different types of settlement forms similar to the movement of non-cash funds, such as cryptocurrency or the NFT or “Non-fungible token”, the English are translated as indispensable blockchain tokens, making it easier for individuals to legalize funds more easily. Money laundering also destroys the overall reputation of the State and causes significant damage to the State budget and the financial system as a whole. Although legalization of funds acquired in a criminal manner is a separate criminal offence for which criminal liability is provided for in Article 195 of the Criminal Law in Latvia, it is always associated with a number of other types of crime, including fraud, falsification of documents, bogus business, tax evasion, as well as illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, smuggling, large-scale theft and other crimes whose principal purpose is to obtain a property benefit or profit. Amount of the work: 63 pages, 93 bibliographies. Key words: money laundering, combating, qualifications, investigation, criminal liability, competent authorities, cooperation.

The article highlights the importance and role of developing the skills and abilities of young people, that is, middle-level personnel, and their employment in the labor market. In addition, the article analyzed the causes and influencing factors of youth unemployment in the country. Furthermore, this research work examined the gender aspects of the problems of the population aged 15-24 in finding a job. Based on the results of the research, proposals were developed to improve the employment of personnel with professional education in the labor market., В статье освещается важность и роль развития навыков и способностей молодежи, то есть персонала среднего звена, и их трудоустройство на рынке труда. Кроме того, в статье проанализированы причины и влияющие факторы молодежной безработицы в стране. Кроме того, в данной исследовательской работе были изучены гендерные аспекты проблем населения в возрасте 15-24 лет при трудоустройстве. По результатам исследования разработаны предложения по улучшению трудоустройства кадров с профессиональным образованием на рынке труда., Экономика и предпринимательство, Выпуск 12 (149) 2023, Pages 1087-1090

Germany's shortage of skilled workers has sharply increased, especially in the social and education sectors, health and care, construction and skilled crafts, information technology and jobs in science, technology, engineer­ing and mathematics (STEM). Simultaneously, the demand for low quali­fied labour has also been growing, for instance in help and house­hold-related services. While EU member states continue to be the source for the majority of labour migration, their migration potential is declining due to their simi­larly ageing and shrinking populations. Recruiting workers from third coun­tries, including Germany's development partner countries, will become of strategic importance. In spite of many recent reforms, the recruitment of workers from third coun­tries is still inadequate, and not enough attention has so far been paid to development policy aspects. Germany's recruitment activities need to be more closely embedded in fair, development-orientated partnerships with countries of origin, in which their interests are taken into account and the rights of migrant workers are respected. Since many industrialised countries now recruit workers, this could also be a competitive advantage for Germany. The German government should make use of the extensive experience gained from the pilot projects to attract skilled workers for large-scale recruit­ment programs. These projects will require the systematic co­operation of all relevant ministries (whole-of-government approach) as well as the involvement of civil society and the private sector to set the course for development-orientated recruitment. The German government should engage even more strongly in the rele­vant global processes and forums whilst advocating fair recruitment.

Issues and problems in the field of organization and activities of the preliminary investigation bodies in terms of implementation of the legal status of the investigator, as well as ways for their resolution are constantly in the focus of lawyers. The current state concept for training investigative personnel along with the system of qualification requirements for the position of an investigator of the Investigative Committee of Russia (hereinafter - the IC of Russia) have serious shortcomings. The fact is that there are no interrelated educational stages for a candidate for this job; there is neither any mandatory requirement for practical experience and career ladder in this field. As a result, a large number of investigators serving in the Investigative Committee of Russia simply do not have reasonable qualification and, accordingly, are not prepared for investigative work, which ultimately leads to a general decrease in the quality and effectiveness of preliminary investigation. This is absolutely unacceptable for a developed democratic and law-governed state. Lacking relevant practical experience and task-oeirented training, novice investigators are trusted to make important procedural decisions that significantly affect the life of a particular person. In this regard, a properly developed state concept, as well as a system of qualification requirements for the position of an investigator, including interrelated stages of its achievement, will contribute to the formation of highly qualified and trained investigative personnel that will favourably effect the entire preliminary investigation service.

The freezing of economies due to the COVID-19 pandemic caused damage not only on the sales side but also on the labor market due to the outflow of staff from companies specializing in the organization of meetings. The return of the meetings industry sector to the development path will involve skillful change management, including in the area of competencies and skills. To inventory and assess the competencies of employees in the meetings industry, this study was carried out among specialized enterprises in the meetings industry in Poland, Hungary, and Ireland, on samples of two research groups, i.e. the Director General (CEO) and operational employees based on questionnaires and individual in-depth interviews (IDI). The obtained results allowed to establish the hierarchy of self-assessment of own managerial competencies, assessment of the competencies of the CEO by the employees, areas of increasing team competencies, and areas of staff development in the sector shortly, contributing to the recovery from the pandemic crisis. Raising the competencies and qualifications of employees is perceived as one of the most powerful tools for overcoming the pandemic crisis, obtaining 68% positive indications among CEOs in Poland, 77% indications in Hungary, and 84% in Ireland. In all analyzed countries, the meetings industry is indicated as a strategic product of the tourist market. Among the planned long-term actions aimed at overcoming the pandemic crisis, increasing employee competencies is perceived as an opportunity for the companies operating the meetings industry sector (90% in Poland, and 80% in Hungary and Ireland). AcknowledgmentThis study was done in frames of the project “Vocational competences in MICE sector” co-financed in frames of European Union program Erasmus + as part of the program The Dialog for Transformation, Erasmus+, 2020–2021.

International audience; In France, the Comité national des universités (CNU) plays a key role in university recruitments. Indeed, after having completed his/her thesis, one must be qualified by this national body to be candidate for an assistant professor position. Some of this information contained in the application forms finally qualified were not systematically analysed. So they can be considered as new. Thus they can be analysed to report on the French university and urban geography of these particular theses. This information can be studied to highlight “new” research themes covered. The analysis of such information thus broaden the geography of science in France. Outings are conducted here based on the qualified files in the 23rd section of the CNU, entitled “Physical, Human, Economic and Regional Geography”, from 2016 to 2019. They highlight that the majority of qualified theses were completed in a university. They also highlight the very high concentration of qualified theses in the Paris agglomeration. Beyond they show cities, with a very high number of theses qualified by supervisor and specific research themes, such as Brest in Brittany. These first results raise plenty of questions about the inertia of the geography of qualified theses. They also raise plenty of questions about the stability of research topics and the potential for doctoral supervision.; La majorité des candidatures à un poste de maître de conférences dans un établissement d’enseignement supérieur français suppose que la personne a certes soutenu une thèse de doctorat mais surtout a été qualifiée par une section du Comité National des Universités (CNU). Certaines informations des dossiers de candidatures qualifiés constituent un matériau inédit pour rendre compte de la géographie universitaire et urbaine de ces thèses et des thématiques traitées. L’analyse de telles informations vient ainsi enrichir la géographie de la science en France. Des explorations sont menées ici à partir des dossiers qualifiés en 23e section du CNU, intitulée « Géographie physique, humaine, économique et régionale », au cours de la mandature 2016-2019. Elles permettent de souligner que l’écrasante majorité des thèses qualifiées ont été soutenues dans une université et qu’au-delà de la très forte concentration de thèses dans l’agglomération parisienne, des villes occupent des positions remarquables, par un nombre très élevé de thèses qualifiées par encadrant et des thématiques de recherche spécifiques. Ces premiers résultats posent de nombreuses questions sur l’inertie de la géographie des thèses qualifiées, ce qu’elles révèlent des thématiques de recherche et des champs à l’intérieur de la discipline. Ils invitent également à s’interroger sur la stabilité des potentiels d’encadrement doctoral.

After presenting a business-oriented, multidisciplinary Literature Review of the overarching concept of bureaucracy, descriptive statistics for small and more extensive databases are given to understand the explored datasets better. Finally, a regression analysis connecting the project to bureaucracy and a Differences-In-Differences analysis combined with a Propensity Score Matching approach attempts to evaluate the global impact of receiving EU Funds between 2015 and 2021 on a firm’s Revenue. Findings show a higher bureaucracy perception for companies that applied to EU Funds and a positive impact on sales after receiving public support

In parallel with the developments in the yachting sector, the need for qualified yacht masters has increased. Their qualifications are important not only for meeting customers’ demands but also for ensuring maritime safety. In this direction, they play an important role in the sustainability of the sector. However, unlike other seafarers, there is a wide variation in the certification categories and training of countries due to the lack of a worldwide standard. Therefore, the equivalence of qualifications between different countries is indeed a confusing problem. It is especially important to identify similarities for the sake of harmonization and standardization efforts. In this regard, this study aims to analyze the similarities of qualifications for operating commercial yachts. First, licenses that are similar to each other in terms of a category are identified based on proficiency, distance limitations, and vessel sizes. Then, the similarity of their training is detected based on given courses. Towards this aim, a methodology based on hierarchical clustering methods is used. As a result, the levels of similarity between licenses, including internationally recognized licenses, are discussed to reveal the current situation. In addition, a classification method is proposed for standardization of the yacht license categories.

Profesionalna izloženost medicinskog osoblja tjelesnim tekućinama u svom svakodnevnom radu dovodi do povećanog rizika za nastanak infekcija koje se pronose krvlju kontaminiranim iglama, instrumentima, tjelesnim tekućinama, bolničkim rubljem i medicinskim otpadom. U KBC Sestre milosrdnice u razdoblju 2015.-2020. godine ukupno su prijavljene 406 ozljeda oštrim predmetom zdravstvenog osoblja. Najveći broj incidenata činili su ubodi iglama 344 (84,7%), posjekotina je bilo 33 (8,1%), prskanja u oči tjelesnim tekućinama 19 (4,6%), prskanja tjelesnih tekućina na neoštećenu kožu 4 (1%), prskanja na oštećenu kožu 3 (0,7%) i 3 (0,7%) ugriza. Prema zanimanja zdravstvenih djelatnika kod medicinskih sestara/tehničari evidentirana su 224 incidenta (55,1%), kod liječnika 99 slučajeva (24,3%), kod pomoćnog osoblja njih 29 (7,1%), kod laboratorijskih tehničara 24 slučaja (59%), kod nemedicinskih djelatnika 21 slučaj (5,1%), a kod učenika srednjih medicinskih škola zabilježeno je 9 incidenta (2%). Kod specijalista se incident dogodio kod 42 djelatnika (10,3%), kod specijalizanata se bilježi 35 ozljeda (8,6%), a kod učenika/studenata 4 (4,3%). Podjela izloženih djelatnika prema stručnoj spremi: sa srednjom stručnom spremom (SSS) prijavljena su 157 incidenata (38,6%), sa višom stručnom spremom njih 103 (25,3%), sa visokom stručnom spremom (VSS) evidentirana su 32 incidenta (7,8%), a u skupini kvalificirani/nekvalificirani bilježe se 24 slučaja (5,9%). Najbrojnije povrede su ubodi šupljom iglom ukupno 275 (62%). Ozljeda kirurškim iglama bilježe se kod 22 slučaja (8%), mandrenom i.v. kanile kod 21 osobe (5,1%), a ozljeda skalpelom kod njih 17 (4,2%). Ekspozicija krvlju bilo je 17 (4,2%), prskanje tjelesnim tekućinama na intaktnu kožu 4 (1%) a na ozlijeđenu kožu bilo je 3 (0,7%). Prijavljena su 3 (0,7%) ugriza pacijenta. Prema spolu većinu 299 čine ženske (73,6%), a 107 (26,3%) muške osobe., The professional exposure of medical staff to body fluids in their daily work leads to an increased risk of developing infections transmitted by blood-contaminated needles, instruments, body fluids, hospital laundry and medical waste. In UHC Sestre milosrdnice in the period 2015.–2020. were reported 406 medical staff sharp object injuries. The largest number of incidents are needle stabs 344 (84,7%), the cuts were 33(8,1%),spraying in eyes with body fluids 19 (4,6%), splashing of body fluids on undamaged skin 4 ( 1%) , splashing on damaged skin 3 (0,7 %) and 3 (0,7%) bites. According to the profession of medical staff in nurses/technicians were recorded in 224 incidents (55,1%), 99 cases (24,3%) in doctors, 29 (7,1%) in auxiliary staff, 24 cases (59%) in laboratory technicians, 21 cases (5,1%) in non-medical workers and 9 incidents (2%) were reported in secondary medical school students. In specialists, the incident occurred in 42 employees (10,3%), residents recorded 35 injuries (8,6%) and in students 4 (4,3%). Distribution of employees by qualifications:157 incidents (38,6%) were reported with completed secondary education, as a higher expertise 103 (25,3%), as a high expertise 32 incidents (7,8%) were recorded and 24 cases (5,9%) were recorded in the qualifying/unqualified group. The most numerous injuries were needles stabs with a hollow needle , 275 in total (62%). Injuries to surgical needles were reported in 22 cases (8%), injuries with i.v. chateter needle in 21 persons (5,1%) and the scalpel injury in 17 (4,2%). There were 17 (4,2%) blood exposures, body fluids spraying onto intact skin 4 (1%) and there were 3 (0,7%) on the injured skin. Three (0,7%) patient bites were reported in 3 cases 0,7%).According to gender, most of them are female 299 (73,6%) and 107 (26,3%) male.

Construction is a hazardous industry with a high number of injuries. Prior research found that many industry injuries can be prevented by implementing an effective safety plan if prepared and maintained by qualified safety personnel. However, there are no specific guidelines on how to select qualified construction safety personnel and what criteria should be used to select an individual for a safety position in the United States (US) construction industry. To fill this gap in knowledge, the study goal was to identify the desired qualifications of safety personnel in the US construction industry. To achieve the study goal, the Delphi technique was used as the main methodology for determining the desired qualifications for construction safety personnel. As a result, a panel of 15 subject-matter experts was selected, and 4 rounds of surveys were carried out. The findings of the study led to the identification of the desired qualifications for three construction safety positions (safety entry, safety professional, and safety manager). The present study contributes to the body of theoretical knowledge on construction safety and presents practical guidelines to assist industry stakeholders select qualified safety personnel for their projects. The selection of qualified safety personnel is expected to improve workplace safety performance and positively reflect on other project outcomes. Construction stakeholders should pay attention to three key aspects (namely, education, experience, and certification) when determining the qualifications for a safety leadership position and take into consideration the type of position intended to be filled. This study fills the gap in knowledge by identifying the desired qualifications and criteria on how to select safety personnel in the US construction industry.

The importance of the present research arises from the value that has been given – at the national, European, and international level – to the work of the teacher and the necessity of his or her professional development but also in the research gap that exists in this field. The aim of the research was to clarify the views of school principals on factors influencing their professional development. A questionnaire was administered through the Google form. The data were analyzed using the SPSS v.25. To reply to the research questions, the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and the Pearson coefficient were used to assess the statistical significance of the data. The sample consisted of 100 primary school principals in Greece. The results of the study showed differences in attitudes towards professional development between heads of primary education institutions with different specializations. Participants with a specialization in math and computer sciences more often supported the idea that their professional development depends on their basic studies. Those who specialized in humanities, agreed on a higher level that their professional development depends on their first two years of education experience, participation in introductory training programs, participation in training programs organized by the state and on the school culture, and their transition to another school or position. The participants who followed a science field were more positive about their professional development depending on their participation in European mobility programs, the professional support they get from their colleagues, and the way the school leadership is practiced. There were differences in the understanding of the role of the educational institution in supporting the professional development of teachers depending on the professional experience of the participants: its importance was recognized by teachers who had less than five or more than thirty years of professional experience. It was found that the more positive was the attitude of the participants toward their own professional development, the wider range of needs for further training they expressed. Most often, such needs related to improving professional competence in such areas as classroom management, solving problems with complex student behavior and school discipline, counseling, and assessment of students., Прискорення темпів наукового, соціально-економічного, технологічного розвитку сучасних суспільств підвищує вимоги до рівня професіоналізму учителів та актуалізує питання їхнього професійного розвитку. Пошуку ефективних шляхів і способів підвищення професійної компетентності педагогів приділяється важливе значення як на національному, так і на європейському та міжнародному рівнях. Розуміння чинників, які впливають на розвиток професійної компетентності педагогів і, зокрема, керівників навчальних закладів, є важливим для розробки та впровадження відповідних програм. Мета дослідження полягала у визначенні чинників, які впливають на професійний розвиток директорів початкових загальноосвітніх шкіл у Греції. Його учасниками стали 100 керівників навчальних закладів з різних регіонів країни, більшість з яких становили особи жіночої статі з дипломом магістра та стажем роботи у сфері освіти від 6 до 11 років. Проведене опитування було спрямоване на визначення залежності між спеціалізацією учасників дослідження на їхнім ставленням до необхідності професійного розвитку, досвідом професійної діяльності та баченням ролі школи у підтримці професійного розвитку учителів, а також ставленням до професійного розвитку та потребами у подальшому навчанні. Обробка кількісних даних здійснювалася з допомогою методів описової та інференційної статистики. Для оцінки статистичної значущості отриманих даних було використано непараметричний тест Краскела-Уолліса та коефіцієнт Пірсона. Статистичні розрахунки здійснювались з використанням пакету програм SPSS v.25. Результати проведеного дослідження засвідчили відмінності у ставленні до професійного розвитку між керівниками закладів початкової освіти з різними спеціалізаціями. Учасники зі спеціалізацією у математичних і комп’ютерних науках частіше підтримували думку про те, що їхній професійний розвиток залежить від якості базової освіти. Учасники, які викладали гуманітарні предмети, вважали, що він передовсім залежить від перших двох років навчання, участі у ознайомчих програмах для вчителів-початківців та навчальних програмах, організованих державою з питань шкільної культури, а також такого чинника, як перехід в іншу школу або на іншу посаду. Учасники, чиєю спеціалізацією були природничі науки, зазначали, що їхній професійний розвиток залежить від участі в європейських програмах мобільності, підтримки колег та керівників. Виявлено відмінності у розумінні ролі навчального закладу щодо підтримки професійного розвитку учителів залежно від стажу професійної діяльності учасників: її важливість визнавали педагоги, які мали менше ніж п’ять або більше тридцяти років досвіду професійної діяльності за фахом. З’ясовано, що чим більш позитивне ставлення демонстрували учасники до власного професійного розвитку, тим ширший спектр потреб у подальшому навчанні вони висловлювали. Найчастіше такі потреби стосувалися підвищення професійної компетентності у таких сферах як управління класом, вирішення проблем зі складною поведінкою учнів та шкільною дисципліною, консультування та оцінювання учнів.

The importance of the present research arises from the value that has been given – at the national, European, and international level – to the work of the teacher and the necessity of his or her professional development but also in the research gap that exists in this field. The aim of the research was to clarify the views of school principals on factors influencing their professional development. A questionnaire was administered through the Google form. The data were analyzed using the SPSS v.25. To reply to the research questions, the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and the Pearson coefficient were used to assess the statistical significance of the data. The sample consisted of 100 primary school principals in Greece. The results of the study showed differences in attitudes towards professional development between heads of primary education institutions with different specializations. Participants with a specialization in math and computer sciences more often supported the idea that their professional development depends on their basic studies. Those who specialized in humanities, agreed on a higher level that their professional development depends on their first two years of education experience, participation in introductory training programs, participation in training programs organized by the state and on the school culture, and their transition to another school or position. The participants who followed a science field were more positive about their professional development depending on their participation in European mobility programs, the professional support they get from their colleagues, and the way the school leadership is practiced. There were differences in the understanding of the role of the educational institution in supporting the professional development of teachers depending on the professional experience of the participants: its importance was recognized by teachers who had less than five or more than thirty years of professional experience. It was found that the more positive was the attitude of the participants toward their own professional development, the wider range of needs for further training they expressed. Most often, such needs related to improving professional competence in such areas as classroom management, solving problems with complex student behavior and school discipline, counseling, and assessment of students., Прискорення темпів наукового, соціально-економічного, технологічного розвитку сучасних суспільств підвищує вимоги до рівня професіоналізму учителів та актуалізує питання їхнього професійного розвитку. Пошуку ефективних шляхів і способів підвищення професійної компетентності педагогів приділяється важливе значення як на національному, так і на європейському та міжнародному рівнях. Розуміння чинників, які впливають на розвиток професійної компетентності педагогів і, зокрема, керівників навчальних закладів, є важливим для розробки та впровадження відповідних програм. Мета дослідження полягала у визначенні чинників, які впливають на професійний розвиток директорів початкових загальноосвітніх шкіл у Греції. Його учасниками стали 100 керівників навчальних закладів з різних регіонів країни, більшість з яких становили особи жіночої статі з дипломом магістра та стажем роботи у сфері освіти від 6 до 11 років. Проведене опитування було спрямоване на визначення залежності між спеціалізацією учасників дослідження на їхнім ставленням до необхідності професійного розвитку, досвідом професійної діяльності та баченням ролі школи у підтримці професійного розвитку учителів, а також ставленням до професійного розвитку та потребами у подальшому навчанні. Обробка кількісних даних здійснювалася з допомогою методів описової та інференційної статистики. Для оцінки статистичної значущості отриманих даних було використано непараметричний тест Краскела-Уолліса та коефіцієнт Пірсона. Статистичні розрахунки здійснювались з використанням пакету програм SPSS v.25. Результати проведеного дослідження засвідчили відмінності у ставленні до професійного розвитку між керівниками закладів початкової освіти з різними спеціалізаціями. Учасники зі спеціалізацією у математичних і комп’ютерних науках частіше підтримували думку про те, що їхній професійний розвиток залежить від якості базової освіти. Учасники, які викладали гуманітарні предмети, вважали, що він передовсім залежить від перших двох років навчання, участі у ознайомчих програмах для вчителів-початківців та навчальних програмах, організованих державою з питань шкільної культури, а також такого чинника, як перехід в іншу школу або на іншу посаду. Учасники, чиєю спеціалізацією були природничі науки, зазначали, що їхній професійний розвиток залежить від участі в європейських програмах мобільності, підтримки колег та керівників. Виявлено відмінності у розумінні ролі навчального закладу щодо підтримки професійного розвитку учителів залежно від стажу професійної діяльності учасників: її важливість визнавали педагоги, які мали менше ніж п’ять або більше тридцяти років досвіду професійної діяльності за фахом. З’ясовано, що чим більш позитивне ставлення демонстрували учасники до власного професійного розвитку, тим ширший спектр потреб у подальшому навчанні вони висловлювали. Найчастіше такі потреби стосувалися підвищення професійної компетентності у таких сферах як управління класом, вирішення проблем зі складною поведінкою учнів та шкільною дисципліною, консультування та оцінювання учнів.

Latar belakang masalah didalam penelitian ini adalah fakta yang terjadi di dalam dunia pendidikan, masih banyak terdapat masalah yang ditemukan mengenai kasus mengenai uraian materi yang terdapat di dalam buku pendidikan. Salah satu solusi yang dapat dilakukan untuk permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan cara melakukan perbaikan terhadap penyajian buku pelajaran terutama terhadap aspek kelayakan bahasa. Rumusan masalah didalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah kelayakan bahasa pada buku teks Bahasa Indonesia Kelas X kurikulum 2013 terbitan Kemendikbud 2017 terhadap tingkat ketertarikan belajar siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kelayakan bahasa pada buku teks Bahasa Indonesia Kelas X kurikulum 2013 terbitan Kemendikbud 2017 terhadap tingkat ketertarikan belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan melewati tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahawa kelayakan bahasa pada buku teks Bahasa Indonesia Kelas X kurikulum 2013 terbitan Kemendikbud 2017 pada aspek kesesuaian terhadap kaidah bahasa indonesia telah memenuhi standar kelayakan bahasa yang telah ditetapkan., The background of the problem in this study is a fact that occurs in the world of education, there are still many problems found regarding cases regarding the description of the material contained in educational books. One solution that can be done for this problem is to make improvements to the presentation of textbooks, especially to the aspect of language feasibility. The formulation of the problem in this study is how the appropriateness of the language in the Indonesian Class X textbooks, the 2013 curriculum published by the Ministry of Education and Culture in 2017 on the level of student interest in learning. The purpose of this study was to describe the appropriateness of the language in Indonesian Class X textbooks, 2013 curriculum published by the Ministry of Education and Culture in 2017 on the level of student interest in learning. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, with data collection in this study using documentation techniques. Data analysis was carried out by passing the stages of data reduction, data presentation and verification. The results of the study indicate that the feasibility of the language in the Indonesian Language Textbook Class X Curriculum 2013 published by the Ministry of Education and Culture 2017 on the aspect of conformity to Indonesian language rules has met the language eligibility standards that have been set.

Russian tourism vocational education has faced a number of restructuring measures in recent years and is now making progress in becoming a sustainable system integrated into the higher education system and the international labor market with a high degree of readiness for further development and innovation. However, the global pandemic has shown that some optimization of the structure and priorities of Russian vocational education in the field of tourism is still desirable. This paper presents an analysis of major problems and possible ways to overcome them from the standpoint of educational design, including such issues as international academic mobility, credit transfer, blended learning. The paper also expands on features of internationalization abroad and at home in the context of challenges and opportunities in the post-COVID era. The central research issue is interrelations between academic mobility, tourism vocational education and labor market. The authors argue that in many configurations of circumstances the best way for the development of international academic mobility is blended mobility, which could become the most important link between secondary vocational and higher tourism education of both Russian and foreign educational organizations – and, thus, lead to a sustainable supply of human resources in the international labor market. The paper also approaches the shortage of highly qualified personnel in the rapidly growing tourism sector. This problem is becoming chronic. In this regard, the formation of a structured framework of qualifications in the form of the national qualifications system is in high demand not only as a general institution for the strategic development of Russian educational organizations, but also as a means of training personnel, technologies, competencies and innovative potential of the tourism and hospitality industry. The formation of the national qualifications framework in the Russian Federation with respect to the tourism sector can gradually increase relevance of vocational tourism education to the labor market’s demands both in Russia and abroad.

Aims Vaccine hesitancy is widely recognised as one of the most serious threats to current global health. While the causes underlying vaccine hesitancy have been extensively described and several mitigation strategies trialled amongst current and prospective parents, there is a relative scarcity of research investigating its extent and causative factors amongst university students, a critical demographic due to its temporal proximity to the average child-rearing age. The present study sought to address this literature gap by elucidating the social and demographic factors that might underpin vaccine hesitancy in university students. Subject and methods An anonymous online survey was carried out to investigate the opinions and perspectives on the practice of vaccination within undergraduate students’ social sphere. The statistical significance of the differences observed between groups of participants was analysed using non-parametric tests of variance. Results Amongst the 739 volunteers who participated in the survey, vaccine confidence varied significantly (p p Conclusions By shedding new light on the factors underpinning vaccine hesitancy within undergraduate students’ social network, the present study provides a stepping stone towards the development of targeted mitigation strategies.

The article discusses some approaches to the system of incentives for employees to achieve the target indicators of enterprise development. Effective labor incentive systems attract and retain highly qualified workers, which positively affects the quality of services provided. The importance of dividing the types of incentives and their impact on the wages of workers has been noted. The greatest effect of incentives for personnel is achieved when the goals of the enterprise and the needs of employees are balanced. The company expresses its gratitude and interest to an employee and evaluates his/her work using material and non-material incentives. This article substantiates the effectiveness of incentives for employees, notes the appropriateness of the forms and methods of incentives chosen by the enterprise. The factors influencing the formation of a highly professional and effective team have been identified. The object of the study is the Tuapse Department of the Azovo-Chernomorsky Basin Branch of FSUE «Rosmorport» (hereinafter – the Enterprise). The purpose of the research is to determine promising directions for the development of the labor incentive system. The article considers the main activities of the Tuapse Department of the Azovo-Chernomorsky Basin Branch of FSUE «Rosmorport» represented by the following types of services: navigation, information, pilotage, dredging, tugboat services, services for the provision of berths for anchorage of ships and provision of crew vessels. A wide range of specialized services requires professionally trained personnel of the enterprise. The qualitative indicators of the personnel of the enterprise have been analyzed according to the following characteristics: education level, suitability for the position held, level of qualifications. The ratio of employees of the enterprise depending on the functional composition has been revealed. The total number of employees of the enterprise, retraining and advanced training, dependence of incentive payments on the length of service have been considered in dynamics for 5 years. Measures to increase the efficiency of the personnel of the Tuapse Department of the FSUE «Rosmorport» Azovo-Chernomorsky Basin Branch have been developed and proposed.

Purpose Accounting education is re-inventing itself as technology impacts the practical aspects of accounting in the real world and education tries to keep up. Big Data and data analytics have begun to influence elements of accounting including audit, accounting preparation, forensic accounting and general accountancy consulting. The purpose of this paper is to qualitatively analyse the current skills provision in accounting Masters courses linked to data analytics compared to academic and professional expectations of the same. Design/methodology/approach The academic expectations and requirements of the profession, related to the impact of Big Data and data analytics on accounting education were reviewed and compared to the current provisions of this accounting education in the form of Masters programmes. The research uses an exploratory, qualitative approach with thematic analysis. Findings Four themes were identified of the skills required for the effective use of Big Data and data analytics. These were: questioning and scepticism; critical thinking skills; understanding and ability to analyse and communicating results. Questioning and scepticism, as well as understanding and ability to analyse, were frequently cited explicitly as elements for assessment in various forms of accounting education in the Masters courses. However, critical thinking and communication skills were less explicitly cited in these accounting education programmes. Research limitations/implications The research reviewed and compared current academic literature and the requirements of the professional accounting bodies with Masters programmes in accounting and data analytics. The research identified key themes relevant to the accounting profession that should be explicitly developed and assessed within accounting education for Big Data and data analytics at both university and professional levels. Further analysis of the in-depth curricula, as opposed to the explicitly stated topic coverage, could add to this body of research. Practical implications This paper considers the potential combined role of professional qualification examinations and master’s degrees in skills provision for future practitioners in accounting and data analysis. This can be used to identify the areas in which accounting education can be further enhanced by focus or explicit mention of skills that are both developed and assessed within these programmes. Social implications The paper considers the interaction between academic and professional practice in the areas of accounting education, highlighting skills and areas for development for students currently considering accounting education and data analytics. Originality/value While current literature focusses on integrating data analysis into existing accounting and finance curricula, this paper considers the role of professional qualification examinations with Masters degrees as skills provision for future practitioners in accounting and data analysis.

In this paper, which takes the form of a dialogue, we discuss the possible directions that vocational education might take in the contemporary social, economic and technological context of the early 21st century. Taking account of the unresolved debates around vocational education internationally and future global economic demands for expertise we discuss tensions and dichotomies that continue to shape the character of vocational education by questioning definitions of the ‘vocational’ historically and in current policy. These include: the relation between ‘vocational’ and ‘academic’ pathways and the possibility of their integration, the meaning of technical education, the purpose of vocational qualifications, the role of trade unions and employers, and whether there should be a ‘skills route’ for ‘low attainers’. The principal focus is on the English context, although the discussion draws on comparative examples where relevant, as well as broader factors likely to be significant in any country.

The competent approach of project work in teaching English in higher education institutions is emphasized in the article as well as the process by which students develop skills to apply the knowledge and abilities acquired by students in their personal, professional and social experience.Various views of scholars are also given as an example.

The qualifications that British children gain at school are strong determinants of their futures in both education and the labour market. Studies of the relationship between parental social class and children’s outcomes in school qualifications report the general finding that pupils from families in less advantaged social classes on average have poorer outcomes. This paper investigates social class inequalities in Scottish school qualifications. Scottish data provide an interesting case study because Scotland has its own set of school qualifications and has a widespread system of comprehensive secondary schools that do not select children through academic testing. This paper is innovative because it analyses new linked administrative data on individual pupils from the Scottish Qualifications Authority (SQA) with parental information from the Scottish Longitudinal Study (SLS). Standard Grades were the main qualifications undertaken by Scottish pupils at the end of compulsory schooling. We present multivariate analysis of pupils’ overall school Standard Grade scores. We find an overall negative relationship between parental social class and children’s outcomes in Scottish school qualifications. Pupils from families in less advantaged social classes, on average, have lower overall Standard Grade scores. A more nuanced finding that emerges from the analyses is that there is a cleft between the Standard Grade scores of children from families in the white and the blue collar classes. We conjecture that the complexity of parents jobs, especially in the more advantaged social classes, fosters forms of family and home life that are conducive to children having more favourable outcomes in school qualifications. Standard Grades have been replaced by the ‘National’ qualifications framework. Changes in the structure and content of the curriculum and assessment could affect the pattern of parental social class inequalities. Further detailed empirical analyses of social class inequalities in outcomes in Scottish school qualifications is therefore imperative.

For job applicants to achieve their goal of making a favourable impression on recruiters, they need to be responsive to the social norms that a personnel selection setting prescribes. One clear social norm in selection contexts is professional dress. Here we explore the consequences that follow from failing to conform to this normative dress code. Specifically, in two studies, we test three contrasting theoretical accounts concerning the effects of nonconformity in dress style on hirability perceptions. We found evidence that the exact impact of dress style depends on the applicant’s qualifications. Whereas low-qualified applicants were punished for dressing in a nonconforming way, high-qualified applicants were granted leeway when violating norms of attire. In Study 2 we replicated and explored three possible mediators of this effect–perceptions of warmth, competence, and power–and found some (very weak) evidence that the observed interaction effect was mediated by perceptions of power. Consistent with the notion of idiosyncrasy credits, our results indicate that highly qualified applicants enjoy greater leeway to flout social norms without facing negative consequences.

Relevance: aligning competencies for lifelong learning with the requirements of the European Union (EU) makes it necessary to implement new approaches to the development and application of vocational qualifications. They should meet the needs of the labor market and become the basis for the formation and development of the National Qualifications System. All this requires clarification of the conceptual apparatus and methods of improving the existing legal mechanisms for regulating the said process. Purpose: to substantiate new approach to the development of vocational qualifications in the context of harmonization with modern European approaches. Methods: theoretical analysis – to study the existing approaches to the development of the National Qualifications System, to identify the main tendencies of this process; comparison and synthesis – to summarize the main scientific approaches to the development of the National Qualifications System and legal mechanisms of its regulation in modern conditions, to analyze its institutional and organizational support; observations and analogies – to substantiate the need for development of a new approach... The empirical and informative basis of the article is the legal acts of Ukraine on the formation and development of the National Qualifications System, materials of monographs and scientific publications, analytical data, results of own research. Results: the essential characteristics of the National Qualifications System are revealed, its features and main aspects governing the development of such a system are characterized and the necessary conditions are created to develop a new approach to the application of qualifications in the context of European integration. Conclusions: the new approach to the application of qualifications is the purposeful formation and development of the National Qualifications System, which should become a tool for lifelong learning, ensuring the quality of learning outcomes, their recognition, and aligning professional qualifications framework in Ukraine with the requirements in EU countries.

Dans le cadre de leur mission de protection du public qui leur a été déléguée par l’État, les ordres professionnels doivent vérifier les qualifications et compétences pour émettre un permis. Or, le système professionnel, et les ordres en particulier, sont au coeur des difficultés rencontrées par des personnes immigrantes ou formées à l’extérieur du Québec qui tentent d’obtenir un permis pour la profession exercée dans leur pays d’origine. Comment le système professionnel doit-il prendre en compte la mondialisation, la mobilité de la main-d’oeuvre et la politique d’immigration du gouvernement du Québec dans le cadre de sa mission de protection du public?, Difficulties in obtaining a permit from a professional order in Quebec are often considered to be the main obstacle encountered by immigrants seeking to work in a profession they had practiced in their country of origin. Professional orders, entrusted by the state to ensure the protection of the public, are required to verify the qualifications and skills of candidates to the profession, with the Quebec diploma serving as the standard against which to judge credentials. In the context of globalization, labour mobility and an increase in the flow of labour through immigration, and in order to fill labour shortages, how can professional orders continue to fulfill their mission to protect the public?

The article presents the results of the development of a new psychodiagnostic method "Scale of convicts ' attitude to work (SHOT)", which combines the potential of all three: personal questionnaire, projective test, biographical method. The scale allows to get an integral assessment of the convict's attitude to work in a continuum with the poles "constructive – destructive" and includes three subscales (positive experience of work and employment, education and qualifications, perception of work and education as social values), which reflect qualitatively specific aspects of the attitude to work. The psychometric test was conducted on a sample of 195 male convicts, age 19 to 60 years old, with sentences ranging from 8 months to 24 years, who have a first criminal record (27%) and repeat offenders (73%). The criteria and design validity of the method is proved. Internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha) for the scale as a whole and its subscale ranges from 0.71 to 0.86, and retest reliability ranges from 0.69 to 0.81. The practicability of applying the method in scientific research and in the practice of psychological and psychological-pedagogical work with convicts is proved.

Vocational education and training (VET) is subject to permanent transformation, which results from the need to adapt it to the labour market and implement new technologies, as well as from globalisation, membership in the European Union, and modernisation of education systems. The aim of this article is to present changes in vocational education and training in Poland in the years 1999-2017 and their consequences. The results included, among other things, phasing out vocational education and training in favour of general education, which clearly deprived the labour market of qualified specialists. Bringing back the prestige of vocational education is currently one of the priorities of the state’s education policy. This attempt requires the involvement of various stakeholders, not only school community and educational circles, but also employers. The need to build a positive image of vocational education and training in society, both at the level of secondary and sectoral vocational schools offering training in blue collar jobs, which are in high demand in the labour market, currently poses a social challenge.

The author studies 1 Thessalonians 2: 7-12 about teacher qualifications. This study departs from the writer's anxiety about the condition of the teacher. Where teachers are currently required to perform tasks according to the educational qualifications of each level. But in reality, there are still many teachers who have not met the minimum bachelor requirements. One obstacle is the distance to go to college and the age that is not young anymore. As a result, many teachers have difficulty in accessing education. With that problem, the author examines the qualifications of teachers based on 1 Thessalonians 2: 7-12. The method used by the author is qualitative. The method used to trace the actual state of the object of research. The study used is exegese. Exegese tries to understand the text from various aspects. Based on the study conducted by the author in this paper, there are two important things that need to be learned, namely hospitality in love. And the example of struggle is an example for many people. Teaching is a very important task in Paul's ministry. Paul gave an example of how to work hard in work as a teacher, providing holistic service. This paper is a teacher qualification study that touches on nature that must be possessed by a teacher.

職業リハビリテーションにおける精神障害者に対する自己理解を促す支援実施に対する専門性の影響を検討した。職業リハビリテーションの支援者（障害者職業カウンセラー及び就業支援担当者）155 人に対する自己理解を促す支援行動の調査結果を用い，支援行動に関する因子毎に算出した実施程度得点を目的変数，就労支援経験年数及び所持資格を説明変数とした重回帰分析を支援対象者の障害種別（統合失調症，気分障害）で実施した。障害毎に障害者職業カウンセラーと精神保健福祉士の資格が異なって影響していた。所持資格の影響力は精神保健福祉領域における知識及び視点，所属機関の支援内容の違いに依存すると考えられた。精神障害者の自己理解の支援実施に向けては，知識や視点の違いを踏まえた多職種連携が必要であり，今後は医療機関も含めた多職種連携の観点から調査及び具体的な事例の検討が必要である。The effect of the expertise on the support of the self-understanding for the psychiatric disorders in the vocational rehabilitation was examined. Using the results of a survey on support action to promote selfunderstanding among 155 vocational rehabilitation supporters (Vocational counselors for persons with disabilities and persons in charge of employment support), multiple regression analysis was conducted for each disorder category (Schizophrenia and mood disorders) of the support subjects, using the implementation level score calculated for each factor related to support action as an explanatory variable, years of employment support experience, and possession qualifications. The qualification of vocational rehabilitation counselor and Psychiatric social worker influenced each disorder differently. The effect of the possession qualification seemed to depend on the difference between knowledge and viewpoint in the mental health welfare field and support content of the belonging organization. In order to support the self-understanding of persons with psychiatric disorders, multidisciplinary cooperation based on differences in knowledge and viewpoints is necessary. In the future, it will be necessary to conduct surveys and case studies from the viewpoint of multidisciplinary cooperation including that of medical institutions.

Despite the importance of listening, little investigation of potential correlates of listening comprehension in the language of schooling is done. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate which student- and class-level characteristics are related to sixth-grade students' listening skills in Flanders. A sample of 974 students in 70 classes completed a listening test in order to gather information on their ability to understand and interpret oral information. Further, different questionnaires were administered to the students, their parents and teachers. The results of the hierarchical regression analysis with multilevel design showed that the differences in listening comprehension skills could be primarily attributed to differences in student-level characteristics. The results indicated that students with higher working memory ability, more vocabulary knowledge and lower extrinsic listening motivation performed significantly better on the listening test. In addition, the educational level of the parents and the language diversity in the class was significantly related to students' listening skills in the language of schooling. This study is an important starting point in unraveling the black box of listening skills in the elementary school context. Suggestions for further research and practice were made.

This two-part article reviews the current legal situation of professional personnel implementing hyperbaric procedures other than those used for diving. Numerous inconsistencies between the existing legal acts and the lack of legal regulations concerning procedures not financed from the State budget are shown. The first significant problem was the lack of mutual correlation of various regulations of the Minister of Health concerning hyperbaric diseases, as well as incoherence with medical and nursing specialisation programs in force in Poland. The second problem is the lack of requirements in the documents of the Ministry of Health for medical staff other than doctors and nurses, including technical staff, necessary for the implementation of a safe oxybarotherapy procedure. The situation is clearer with respect to technical personnel than in relation to medical personnel. There are provisions which strictly define the qualifications of such staff for a very narrow group of technical personnel. Although they deal with issues related to the use of hyperbaric chambers in diving, to date no other separate regulations have been developed for medical applications of hyperbaric therapy. Unfortunately, both in centres financed by the National Health Fund and in private centres, no-one observes these regulations because there is no such formal requirement. The same applies to occupational research (occupational medicine) for all groups of personnel involved in hyperbaric oxygen therapy treatments. It was also found that medical hyperbaric centres not seeking funding from the budget (the National Health Fund) do not have even minimum qualification requirements for the medical staff working there. Furthermore, there is no knowledge of the requirements set out in other legal acts other than those concerning medicine.

The Russian labor market is experiencing a shortage of highly skilled workers, and there is a consensus in Russian society that it is necessary to attract and utilize the labor of highly qualified foreign specialists. The key question of the article is: how much demand is there on the Russian labor market for the knowledge and experience of highly qualified migrants? What types of economic activities and occupations are typical for highly skilled migrants? What is their horizontal and vertical mobility on the Russian labor market? The article shows that highly skilled workers who come from post-Soviet states to Russia take jobs which are not in demand among Russian workers; the main types of their economic activities are trade, construction, utilities, social and personal services, and household assistance. Neither specific skills and knowledge nor qualifications of foreign workers are demanded on the Russian labor market: over 80% of highly skilled migrants work at jobs which do not require their education or qualification. Vertical labor mobility is predominantly downward, and upward mobility is quite rare (downward mobility is less typical for highly skilled migrants who have received education in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus). The empirical basis of the study was the results of sociological surveys of 1,450 highly qualified migrants from the CIS and Georgia in 2017 and 1,050 in 2011.

The article deals with the development of qualifications of financial market specialists of the Eurasian economic Commission, as well as their interface on the basis of the interstate register of qualifications, monitoring of the labor market, approval of qualification requirements, unification of requirements for educational standards and programs, the procedure of professional and public accreditation and independent assessment of qualifications.

The article deals with the application ofprofessional standards on the example of qualifications of insurance market specialists, as well as their interface on the basis of the interstate register of qualifications, monitoring of the labor market, approval of qualification requirements.

Введение. Профессиональная аттестация специалистов государственных закупок вскрывает ключевые вопросы их обучения и подготовки на основе актуальных образовательных стандартов. Цель – проанализировать квалификационные требования к специалисту в сфере государственных закупок. Материал и методы. Исследование построено на анализе информационных баз по запросу «Специалист в сфере государственных закупок». Выполнен анализ и систематизация требований к вакансиям и трудовым функциям, моделирование и систематизация процессов подготовки специалистов в системе среднего профессионального и высшего образования на основе современных образовательных и профессиональных стандартов. Результаты и обсуждение. Исследование вопросов подготовки специалиста в сфере государственных закупок представляется актуальным и востребованным. Сфера государственных закупок товаров, работ или услуг – обособленная область профессиональной деятельности по обеспечению нужд государственных и муниципальных учреждений, организаций, министерств и ведомств, а также нужд госкомпаний на основе и с соблюдением установленных процедур. В соответствии с законодательством РФ специалисты несут персональную ответственность за качество выполняемых ими должностных обязанностей и соблюдение установленных требований. Квалификационные требования (знания, умения и опыт профессиональной деятельности) к специалисту в сфере государственных закупок имеют жесткий характер регламентации и высокий уровень реализации. Специалист в сфере государственных закупок обязан обладать предметно-ориентированными знаниями в сфере экономики и юриспруденции, а также навыками организации и ведения переговоров, подготовки и размещения заявок, и прежде всего с использованием электронных ресурсов. Подготовка квалифицированного в сфере государственных закупок специалиста требует разработки профильной образовательной программы обучения и создания необходимого качества образовательной среды: современная материально-техническая база, новейшее учебно-методическое обеспечение, профессиональный кадровый состав преподавательских работников. Подготовка по профилю «Специалист в сфере государственных закупок» наиболее обоснована в системе высшего образования, уровень подготовки – магистратура, что соответствует седьмому и восьмому квалификационным уровням подготовки. Подготовку целесообразно осуществляться в рамках двух направлений: «Государственное и муниципальное управление» и «Профессиональное обучение (по отраслям)». Важность подготовки в рамках направления «Профессиональное обучение (по отраслям)» связана с необходимостью формирования профессиональных педагогических кадров, спрос на которые, как показал анализ запросов, как некоммерческих, так и коммерческих организаций, возрастает. Исследование построено на анализе информационных баз по запросам на специалиста в сфере государственных закупок, анализе и систематизации требований к вакансиям и трудовым функциям, моделировании и систематизации процессов подготовки специалистов разных уровней. Заключение. Основными результатами следует считать обоснование предложения о востребованности профиля подготовки «Специалист в сфере государственных закупок». Представлена характеристика требований и условий подготовки.

Образование в виде совокупности знаний и умений определяет способность и готовность человека выполнять ту или иную работу, заниматься определённым видом деятельности. В данной статье проанализирована важность образования как элемента экономической безопасности, как для отдельного человека – обладателя знаний, так и для отдельной территории, региона, страны, поскольку только экономически устойчивые субъекты позволяют государству быть конкурентоспособным и экономически устойчивым., Education in the form of a set of knowledge and skills determines the ability and willingness of a person to perform a particular job, to engage in a certain type of activity. This article analyzes the importance of education as an element of economic security, both for an individual - the owner of knowledge, and for a separate territory, region, country, since only economically stable entities allow the state to be competitive and economically stable., Экономика и управление: научно-практический журнал, Выпуск 1 (163) 2022

The aim was to study an impact of lifelong learning skills on using active learning methods by teachers to improve their qualifications and teaching practice and evaluate an active methods efectiveness for teachers with different duration of pedagogical experience. Methods. The study was conducted using mixed methods. Questionnaires, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics were used. Results. The duration of pedagogical experience has equally affects the use of active methods of teaching men and women. Feynman Technique proved to be an effective active learning method for most teachers, which may be determined by the specifics of teaching and the peculiarities of this technique. Full Turn and Case Studies were the least effective methods. Conclusions. Men and women with smaller pedagogical experience are more interested in using active teaching methods for self-study and using in pedagogical practice. The ability of teachers to self-study have an influence on using of active teaching methods. Prospects. The results of the study are effective for improving self-learning skills of teachers and the representative of other professions; the Programme of studying active learning methods with their simultaneous use is effective for solving problems of varying complexity and in all spheres of human activity.

Ushbu maqolada oliy ta���lim muassasasi talabalarining ilmiy tadqiqot olib borish kompetentligi borasidagi respublikamiz va xorij olimlarining fikrlari keltirilgan, shuningdek, talabalarda ilmiy tadqiqot olib borish kompetentligini shakllantirishning o���ziga xos xususiyatlari yoritib berilgan., This article presents the views of domestic and foreign scholars on the competence of students in higher education, as well as the specifics of the formation of research competence of students.

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В статье освещаются актуальные проблемы при квалификации действий граждан, нашедших вещь, обладающую индивидуальными признаками, в определенном месте. Мы полагаем, что в настоящее время в судебно-следственной практике существует ряд проблем, возникающих при отграничении действий лиц, обнаруживших чужие вещи, либо преднамеренно завладевших ими, поскольку в подобных ситуациях существует тонкая грань между законопослушным поведением и преступлением., The article highlights actual problems in the qualification of the actions of citizens who have found a thing with individual characteristics in a certain place. We believe that at present in judicial and investigative practice there are a number of problems that arise when delimiting the actions of persons who discovered other people's things or deliberately took possession of them, since in such situations there is a fine line between law-abiding behavior and crime.

Russian tourism vocational education has faced a number of restructuring measures in recent years and is now making progress in becoming a sustainable system integrated into the higher education system and the international labor market with a high degree of readiness for further development and innovation. However, the global pandemic has shown that some optimization of the structure and priorities of Russian vocational education in the field of tourism is still desirable. This paper presents an analysis of major problems and possible ways to overcome them from the standpoint of educational design, including such issues as international academic mobility, credit transfer, blended learning. The paper also expands on features of internationalization abroad and at home in the context of challenges and opportunities in the post-COVID era. The central research issue is interrelations between academic mobility, tourism vocational education and labor market. The authors argue that in many configurations of circumstances the best way for the development of international academic mobility is blended mobility, which could become the most important link between secondary vocational and higher tourism education of both Russian and foreign educational organizations - and, thus, lead to a sustainable supply of human resources in the international labor market. The paper also approaches the shortage of highly qualified personnel in the rapidly growing tourism sector. This problem is becoming chronic. In this regard, the formation of a structured framework of qualifications in the form of the national qualifications system is in high demand not only as a general institution for the strategic development of Russian educational organizations, but also as a means of training personnel, technologies, competencies and innovative potential of the tourism and hospitality industry. The formation of the national qualifications framework in the Russian Federation with respect to the tourism sector can gradually increase relevance of vocational tourism education to the labor market’s demands both in Russia and abroad.

Einleitung: In den nächsten Jahren müssen in Österreich durch demografische Veränderungen, durch Pensionierungen und durch steigende Lebenserwartung eine große Anzahl an Pflegekräften neu eingestellt beziehungsweise ersetzt werden. Weiters kam es im Jahr 2016 zur Einführung von neuen Berufsgruppen in der Pflege und der Ansiedelung der gehobenen Gesundheits- und Krankenpflege im Hochschulsystem. Für den Pflegealltag bedeutet das, dass es zu einem Mix aus verschieden qualifizierten Pflegepersonen kommen wird. Methodik: Es wurde eine Literaturrecherche in verschiedenen wissenschaftlichen und nichtwissenschaftlichen Datenbanken durchgeführt. Außerdem wurde in unterschiedlichen Büchern recherchiert und Artikel für diese Arbeit bewertet. Der Inhalt der gefundenen Studien wurde auf ihre Relevanz geprüft und anschließend wurden die Ergebnisse verwendet, um die Fragestellung zu beantworten. Ergebnisse: Die verwendeten Studien konnten zeigen, welchen Einfluss die Qualifikation von Pflegepersonen auf das Patient*innenoutcome hat. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass ein niedrigeres Qualifikationsprofil von Pflegepersonen eine höhere Mortalität in Akutkrankenhäusern zur Folge hat. Außerdem wurde aufgezeigt, dass ein Ersetzen von höher qualifizierten Pflegekräften durch Assistenzkräfte negative Auswirkungen auf das Patient*innenoutcome hat. Schlussfolgerung: Insgesamt ist der Entschluss, Pflege im tertiären Bildungsbereich anzusiedeln, zu befürworten. Das Ersetzen von höher qualifizierten Pflegepersonal durch geringer qualifiziertes Personal hat schwerwiegende Folgen auf das Patient*innenoutcome. Der zusätzliche Einsatz von Assistenzpersonal zum bestehenden Personal kann, wenn richtig angeleitet und überwacht, auch positive Auswirkungen auf das Patient*innenoutcome haben. Introduction: Because of demographic changes and a growing life expectancy, Austria will have to employ more nurses in the coming years, as well as replace many nurses which will soon retire. In 2016, significant changes were made in the nursing field, with new tiers within the profession being defined, and the academization of nursing education. These changes will result in many healthcare professionals of varying qualifications working together. Methodology: The initial research for this paper was conducted in various scientific and non-scientific databases. Furthermore, many books and articles were reviewed for their relevance for this paper. The conclusions of selected studies were then used to answer the scientific question. Results: The selected studies showed the effects of qualifications of nurses on the patient outcome. A correlation between qualifications of nurses and mortality in hospitals has been found: the lower the qualifications, the higher the mortality rate. Furthermore, the selected studies concluded that replacing professional nurses with medical assistant workers has negative effects on patient outcome. Conclusio: Overall, the academization of nursing is a positive development. The replacement of nursing professionals with less qualified personnel can have severe negative effects on patient outcome. However, the employment of nurse assistants in addition to nurses with an academic degree, can have positive effects on patient outcome, provided nursing assistants receive proper guidance/instruction and supervision.

Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Financial Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Financial Management Association International We use rich data on all business, economics, and engineering graduates in Sweden to study the lack of women among chief executive officers (CEOs). A comprehensive battery of graduates’ characteristics explains 40% of the gender gaps in CEO appointments and 60% among graduates with children. The explanatory power mostly comes from absences and unemployment, which are about twice as likely for women as men. These gender differences increase following childbirth, and they persist in the long run. We present and discuss potential explanations to the explained and remaining gaps. Although the large unexplained share makes it hard to pinpoint the exact reason for the gender gap in CEO appointments, the large contribution of labor market attachment to the explained share suggests work–family trade-offs are an important part of the story.

Since 2010, Ecuadorian universities must go through institutional and career accreditation processes. However, this has brought to light a series of challenges that HEIs must face, such as having solid and flexible internal quality assurance systems that guarantee the achievement of their strategic objectives. In this line, this Master's Thesis has been elaborated with the objective of developing an improvement proposal to the curricular monitoring process of the careers of the Faculty of Sciences and Engineering of the State University of Milagro, based on the Monitor program of the National Agency for Quality Assessment and Accreditation. It started with a diagnosis of the current situation of the Faculty that allowed analyzing each of the criteria of the Monitor program and designing under the PDCA methodology the key evaluation processes and instruments that are required. These processes will provide benefits in the short term, such as time reduction in the execution of processes, quality in the issuance of products, among other advantages that will be the result of the automation of the developed process and that in turn will set a trend towards local and international accreditation of the Faculty's careers. Las universidades ecuatorianas desde el año 2010 deben pasar por procesos para la acreditación institucional y de sus carreras. No obstante, aquello ha dejado a la luz una serie de desafíos que las IES deben enfrentar, como contar con sólidos y flexibles sistemas de aseguramiento interno de la calidad que garanticen la consecución de sus objetivos estratégicos. En esa línea, el presente Trabajo de Fin de Máster ha sido elaborado con el objetivo de desarrollar una propuesta de mejora al proceso de seguimiento curricular de las carreras de la Facultad de Ciencias e Ingenierías de la Universidad Estatal de Milagro, basado en el programa Monitor, de la Agencia Nacional de Evaluación de la Calidad y Acreditación. El mismo partió con un diagnóstico de la situación actual de la Facultad que permitió analizar cada uno de los criterios del programa Monitor y diseñar bajo la metodología PDCA los procesos e instrumentos de evaluación claves que se requieren. Dichos procesos proporcionarán beneficios a corto plazo, como reducción de tiempos en la ejecución de procesos, calidad en la emisión de productos, entre otras ventajas que serán el resultado de la automatización del proceso desarrollado y que a su vez permitirá marcar una tendencia hacia la acreditación local e internacional de las carreras de la Facultad.