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De Staatssecretaris van Verkeer en Waterstaat heeft in november 2003 aan de vaste kamercommissie voor Verkeer en Waterstaat een verkenning toegezegd naar een 'gebiedsgerichte benadering' van het groepsrisico (de kans op een ongeval met een groot aantal slachtoffers) in relatie tot Schiphol. De aanleiding hiervoor is de voorgenomen aanpassing van de Luchtvaartwet. Dit rapport onderzoekt de mogelijkheid van een alternatief voor het huidige groepsrisicobeleid voor de omgeving van Schiphol. In de huidige praktijk wordt het groepsrisico namelijk berekend voor een gebied van 56 bij 56 kilometer. Afwegingen over ruimtelijke ordening en veiligheid op lokaal (gemeentelijk) niveau zijn op die schaal niet mogelijk. Onderzocht is een benadering vanuit gemeentelijk perspectief: hoe verhouden verschillende lokale risico's zich tot elkaar en hoe verandert het groepsrisico als nieuwe ruimtelijke plannen worden gerealiseerd in beeld te brengen? De conclusie is dat de in dit rapport voorgestelde benadering goede aangrijpingspunten biedt voor een gebiedsgerichte benadering van het groepsrisico. Een verdere uitwerking moet uitwijzen hoe dit tot een praktisch en bruikbaar instrument uitgebouwd kan worden.

Nederlandse vertaling van 620801001

In dit rapport zijn 6 bijlagen opgenomen die op de site als losse files te vinden zijn: Bijlage A (61 kb) Bijlage B (166 kb) Bijlage C (9160 kb) Bijlage D (1585 kb) Bijlage E (15076 kb) Bijlage F (17776 kb)

Dit rapport is in het Nederlands verschenen met rapportnummer 620801002

A literature survey was carried out in the context of actualising the 'Green Book' ('Groene Boek'), on methods for estimating possible ill effects on people and damage to goods from the release of dangerous compounds, to determine how many products are formed from the burning of chemicals and/or pesticides. The products considered were hydrogen chloride, chlorine, phosgene, sulfurous dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, carbonylsulfide, carbondisulfide, diphosphorous pentoxide, hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen bromide. This survey represents an extension of an earlier investigation in 1995 on the formation of nitrogen oxides occurring in warehouse fires. Data on nitrogen oxides in the literature not earlier screened are presented in this survey. The compounds released when burning chemicals are ranging from low (maximum conversion to Cl2, COCl2, H2S, COS and NO2 is smaller than 10%) to medium (maximum conversion to CS2, NO, N2O and HCN is between 10 and 90%) and to high (maximum conversion to HCl, SO2, P2O5 and NH3 is more than 90%). The conversion of Cl results mainly in HCl and to a lesser extent in Cl2 and COCl2. The conversion of S results mainly in SO2 and to a lesser extent in H2S, COS and CS2. The conversion of P results easily in P2O5. From the literature on nitrogen conversion not used in the RIVM 1995 study, HCN is found to be an important product of combustion for many chemicals and pesticides.

RORISC is a PC-application for use in the field of spatial planning and external safety. With RORISC it is possible to estimate the effect of a new physical planning plan around a hazardous installation on the societal risk. The method in RORISC, described in RIVM report no. 610066004, makes use of the individual risk contours and the societal risk curve for the existing situation, as well as the population density and dimensions of the new physical planning plan. The floppy disk with RORISC (version 1.0) and the requirements for using RORISC are included in this manual.

The possibility of an aircraft accident with a large number of casualties on the ground in the Schiphol area is expected to be about twice as much in 2005 as it was in 1990. The risk can be expected not to grow much until 2010. This is because there is no substantial growth to be expected in air traffic, and building developments in risky locations can be controlled with recently developed policy instruments. A study on the risk for a large number of casualties, the socalled societal risk, has been carried out for the years 1990, 2005 and 2010. The increase in societal risk is due to the increase in air traffic risks in almost the same measure as to the increase in buildings, mainly those belonging to companies. Furthermore, societal risk is highly concentrated (i.e. 90% of the risk occurs in 3 % of the built area). In earlier studies the safety situation was always considered for the whole area (56 times 56 km) around Schiphol. In this usual approach the possibilities of there being casualties are summed for the whole area. This gives a good insight into the number of casualties; however, there is no information about the risk for specific locations. Therefore, in this study a method has been developed to determine the 'local societal risk'. The increase in societal risk is not really a big surprise: in November 2003 the Deputy Minister of the Department of Public Health, Spatial Planning and the Environment stated in the Dutch Parliament that given this large growth of air traffic, the standstill policy had never been realistic. He also promised to have this matter investigated. This study fulfils this promise. In the study, great care is given to population data and especially the population in industry, offices, schools, hotels and hospitals. In combination with the 'local societal risk' approach, this report will present a better and more reliable picture of the risk situation in relation to spatial planning than was done in earlier studies

A Dutch kindred with transthyretin Cys 114 related familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy is reported. The finding of early involvement of the heart is of great concern and of special relevance to the optimal timing for liver transplantation. To date, the variant had only been reported to be present in Japan. The variant was identified by PCR DNA amplification, single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and DNA sequence analysis. Total transthyretin serum levels in 6 Cys 114 patients (median 115 mg/l, range 70-150) were found to be significantly lower than in 12 Met 30 patients (median 325 mg/l, range 160-590) (p