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PDF file - 858KB, Supplementary Methods, Supplementary References, Figure S1-6, Table S1-5. Figure S1. Identification of a new miR in FHIT intron. Figure S2. The SNP variant around the Pri-C2-miR region in FHIT did not affect the C2-miR expression. Figure S3. C2-miR and FHIT are under the same transcriptional control. Figure S4. C2-miR inhibiting human tumor cell growth was not through promoting apoptosis. Figure S5. C2-miR inhibits human tumor cell growth through targeting CCND1, ERBB2, DNMT3A or DNMT3B. Figure S6. Multiple members of the miR-548 family could target the same oncogenes. Table S1. The documented miR-548 family members. Table S2. Quantities of FHIT or C2-miR in total cell RNA (20 ng). Table S3. Expression comparison of pri-miRs or mature miRs in 293FT cells. Table S4. Primers used in this study. Table S5. NanoString probes for detecting 29 members of the miR-548 family.

Loss or attenuated expression of the tumor-suppressor gene FHIT is associated paradoxically with poor progression of human tumors. Fhit promotes apoptosis and regulates reactive oxygen species; however, the mechanism by which Fhit inhibits tumor growth in animals remains unclear. In this study, we used a multidisciplinary approach based on bioinformatics, small RNA library screening, human tissue analysis, and a xenograft mouse model to identify a novel member of the miR-548 family in the fourth intron of the human FHIT gene. Characterization of this human-specific microRNA illustrates the importance of this class of microRNAs in tumor suppression and may influence interpretation of Fhit action in human cancer. Cancer Res; 74(8); 2283–94. ©2014 AACR.

To solve the multiple‐time‐step prediction of traffic speed and confidence for segment types of expressway, a deep tree neural network (DTNN) with multitask learning is proposed. DTNN contains a classification network, regression networks and a confidence network. These sub backbone networks accomplish the tasks of distinguishing segment types, fitting the speed of segments and the confidence estimation on the predicted speed, respectively. Through multitask learning, the sub networks in DTNN share feature representation and complement each other. To further improve the accuracy of speed prediction on congestion, the mean absolute percentage error loss function (MAPE‐loss) is applied in DTNN. It makes the learning and extracted features biased to low speed samples. The traffic speed dataset of the Shanghai Expressway is used to test the DTNN and 12 comparison methods. Results show that the proposed DTNN with MAPE‐loss can efficiently improve the predictive accuracy of low‐speed samples over the other methods. The trained DTNN also gave highly accurate low speed prediction on the dataset of Suzhou expressway. In addition, the smallest reduction in the R‐squared value from the training stage to the testing stage illustrates the best generalization of DTNN model.

It has been controversial whether patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) should receive glucocorticoid therapy during chemotherapy. Recent studies have demonstrated that glucocorticoids increase the therapeutic sensitivity of tumors to some chemotherapeutic drugs, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, dexamethasone (Dex) was used to treat HCC stem cells. The results demonstrated that Dex reduced stemness maintenance and self‑renewal of HCC stem cells, promoted epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition, inhibited migration and angiogenesis and, more importantly, increased cell sensitivity to the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir drug system in vitro and in vivo. Further mechanistic analyses demonstrated that Dex inhibited small ubiquitin‑like modifier (SUMO) modification of several proteins in HCC stem cells, including hypoxia‑inducible factor (HIF)‑1α, an important hypoxia tolerance protein, and octamer‑binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4), a crucial stemness maintenance protein. Inducing deSUMOylation of HIF‑1α and Oct4 reduced their accumulation in the nucleus, thereby inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and stemness maintenance. These findings provide a new perspective to the study of the mechanism underlying the anti‑hepatocarcinogenesis effects of Dex. Due to the few side effects of glucocorticoids at low doses and their anti‑inflammatory effects, the appropriate combination of glucocorticoids and chemotherapeutic drugs is expected to improve the survival of HCC patients and their prognosis.

Purpose To investigate the features of 18F-Fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in differentiating synchronous multiple primary lung cancers (sMPLC) from intropulmonary metastasis (IM). Material and Methods Fifty-nine patients with two synchronous primary lung cancers were selected and 23 lung cancer patients with an additional solitary IM cancer were chosen as the control group between January 2009 and January 2019. Maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) on PET/CT was determined for each tumor. The SUVmax ratio between the two tumors was determined and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance. Results The difference of SUVmax ratio between sMPLC (2.3 ± 1.6) and IM (1.5 ± 0.4) was significant, p Conclusion The SUVmax ratio between two tumors may be helpful in differentiating sMPLC from IM, independent studies with bigger size were needed to further confirm the findings.

The thermal conductivity of alloys is gradually becoming appreciated. It is often assumed that heat treatment can improve the thermal conductivity of Al-Si-Mg-Cu alloys, but there has been little relevant research. This paper studies the effects of different casting processes and short T6 heat treatment (ST6) on the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of Al-Si-Mg-Cu alloys. The results show that a microstructure with fine α-Al crystal grains can be obtained by semi-solid die casting (SSDC), improving the mechanical properties of the Al-Si-Mg-Cu alloy in the as-cast state. After SSDC, the size and aspect ratio of eutectic silicon can be reduced by ST6 treatment, effectively improving the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the alloy. Finally, the influence of eutectic silicon on electron transport is analyzed in detail. With the SSDC + ST6 processing technology, Al-Si-Mg-Cu alloys with excellent thermal conductivity and mechanical properties can be obtained.

Purpose To understand which environmental factors influence the distribution and ecological functions of bacteria in agricultural soil. Method A broad range of farmland soils was sampled from 206 locations in Jilin province, China. We used 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina HiSeq sequencing to estimated soil bacterial community structure and functions. Result The dominant taxa in terms of abundance were found to be, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Chloroflexi, and Proteobacteria. Bacterial communities were dominantly affected by soil pH, whereas soil organic carbon did not have a significant influence on bacterial communities. Soil pH was significantly positively correlated with bacterial operational taxonomic unit abundance and soil bacterial α-diversity (P

KRAS is an independent negative predictor for anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) treatment in colorectal cancers (CRCs). However, 30% to 50% of CRC patients are KRAS-positive and do not benefit from anti-EGFR therapy. In this study, we investigated the mutational features and clinical significance of KRAS-positive Chinese CRC patients. A total of 139 Chinese CRC patients who received clinical KRAS testing (Sanger sequencing) were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Fifty KRAS-positive specimens were further detected by next-generation sequencing (NGS). The most prevalent mutation in KRAS was G12D (46%), followed by G12V (20%), and G13D (18%). In addition to KRAS, 72 unique alterations in another 12 genes were also detected. The most common mutated genes were TP53 (62%), APC (46%), and PIK3CA (22%). The proportion of HER2 amplifications in KRAS-positive CRC patients was 4.4%, which was lower than that in KRAS -negative CRC patients (14.3%). No relationship was found between HER2 amplification and KRAS status (p = 0.052). However, the odds ratio is very low (0.279). In addition, these gene mutations were not significantly associated with age, sex, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, mismatch repair–deficient, or tumor differentiation. However, TP53 mutations were more prevalent in colon cancer with KRAS mutations than in rectal cancer (75.0% vs 28.6%, respectively, p = 0.004). The negative predictive value of the IHC analysis for predicting HER2 amplification reached to 98.39%, while the positive predictive value reached only 50%. Overall, the mutation profiling of Chinese CRC patients with KRAS mutations is different from that of Western CRC patients. Our results will help us to understand the molecular features of Chinese CRC patients.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. In recent years, the advancement of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) targeted therapies has provided clinical benefits for lung cancer patients with EGFR mutations. The response to EGFR-TKI varies in patients with lung cancer, and resistance typically develops during the course of the treatment. Therefore, understanding biomarkers which can predict resistance to EGFR-TKI is important. Overexpression of GLI causes activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway and plays a critical role in oncogenesis in numerous types of cancer. In the present study, the role of GLI1 in erlotinib resistance was investigated. GLI1 mRNA and protein expression levels were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in lung cancer cell lines and tumor specimens, respectively. GLI1 mRNA expression levels were found to be positively correlated with the IC50 of erlotinib in 15 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. The downregulation of GLI1 using siRNA sensitized lung cancer cells to the erlotinib treatment, whereas the overexpression of GLI1 increased the survival of lung cancer cells in the presence of erlotinib, indicating that Hh/GLI activation may play a critical role in the development of TKI resistance in lung cancer. Combined treatment with erlotinib and a GLI1 inhibitor reduced the cell viability synergistically. A retrospective study of patients with NSCLC treated with erlotinib revealed that those with a high IHC score for GLI1 protein expression had a poorer prognosis. These results indicated that GLI1 is a key regulator for TKI sensitivity, and patients with lung cancer may benefit from the combined treatment of TKI and GLI1 inhibitor.

There were many advantages of high power single mode fiber lasers, such as near-diffraction-limitation beam quality, high power, high electro-optical conversion efficiency and high stability. In this paper, high power continuous-wave single mode fiber laser with master oscillator power amplifier configuration was reported. The fiber laser contained one seed laser and one-stage amplifier. The seed laser was a linear oscillator cavity structure with YDF-20/400 as gain fiber. The power of the seed laser was 200 W with the center wavelength of 1080 nm. One back pumped fiber amplifier with YDF-25/400 as gain fiber was built to boost the average power of the seed laser. The pump laser wavelength was 915 nm. The maximum output power is 3.3 kW at the pump power of 4.3 kW. The optical to optical efficiency of the amplifier was 72.6%. The beam quality at maximum output power was Mx2~1.29, My2~1.26. The near-diffraction-limitation beam quality would make this fiber laser become potential source for military defense, industry and medicine.

The Polypropylene (PP) crystals can be regulated by inorganic additive. In this work, sulfur was blended with PP by dynamical in-situ dispersion to obtain good dispersion and refinement; meanwhile,...

Most prior studies of primary diagnosis in surgical pathology using whole slide imaging (WSI) versus microscopy have focused on specific organ systems or included relatively few cases. The objective of this study was to demonstrate that WSI is noninferior to microscopy for primary diagnosis in surgical pathology. A blinded randomized noninferiority study was conducted across the entire range of surgical pathology cases (biopsies and resections, including hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemistry, and special stains) from 4 institutions using the original sign-out diagnosis (baseline diagnosis) as the reference standard. Cases were scanned, converted to WSI and randomized. Sixteen pathologists interpreted cases by microscopy or WSI, followed by a wash-out period of ≥4 weeks, after which cases were read by the same observers using the other modality. Major discordances were identified by an adjudication panel, and the differences between major discordance rates for both microscopy (against the reference standard) and WSI (against the reference standard) were calculated. A total of 1992 cases were included, resulting in 15,925 reads. The major discordance rate with the reference standard diagnosis was 4.9% for WSI and 4.6% for microscopy. The difference between major discordance rates for microscopy and WSI was 0.4% (95% confidence interval, -0.30% to 1.01%). The difference in major discordance rates for WSI and microscopy was highest in endocrine pathology (1.8%), neoplastic kidney pathology (1.5%), urinary bladder pathology (1.3%), and gynecologic pathology (1.2%). Detailed analysis of these cases revealed no instances where interpretation by WSI was consistently inaccurate compared with microscopy for multiple observers. We conclude that WSI is noninferior to microscopy for primary diagnosis in surgical pathology, including biopsies and resections stained with hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemistry and special stains. This conclusion is valid across a wide variety of organ systems and specimen types.

The method of isothermal dissolution was used to study the solubilities and the densities of the two systems MgCl2–MgB4O7–H2O and KCl–K2B4O7–H2O at 273 K. By the X-ray diffraction the equilibrium solids were determined. The phase diagrams and density versus composition diagrams of the systems MgCl2–MgB4O7–H2O and KCl–K2B4O7–H2O at 273 K were plotted. The both diagrams are consisted of one invariant, two stable solubility isothermal curves and two crystallization fields. The crystallization fields for the system MgCl2–MgB4O7–H2O corresponds to MgB4O7 · 9H2O and MgCl2 · 6H2O. Those for the system KCl–K2B4O7–H2O corresponds to K2B4O7 · 4H2O and KCl.

The method of isothermal dissolution equilibrium was used to study the solubilities of salts and the densities of saturated solutions in the two quaternary systems KCl–K2B4O7–K2SO4–H2O and MgCl2–MgB4O7–MgSO4–H2O at 273 K. The equilibrium solid phases were also determined by the method of X-ray diffraction. On the basis of experimental results, the phase diagrams and density versus composition diagrams of those quaternary systems at 273 K were plotted. The results indicate that both the phase diagrams of the two systems consist of one invariant point, three stable solubility isothermal curves, and three crystalline regions. The crystallization fields for the system KCl–K2B4O7–K2SO4–H2O correspond to K2B4O7·4H2O, KCl, and K2SO4. Those for the system MgCl2–MgB4O7–MgSO4–H2O correspond to MgB4O7·9H2O, MgCl2·6H2O and MgSO4·7H2O.

Returning crop residues into fields, either alone or in combination with inorganic fertilizer, is considered as a practical way to enhance soil fertility. However, information concerning the effects of crop residues and inorganic fertilizer application on water extractable organic matter (WEOM) in soil is scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the 10-year effect of corn residue (CR) return with or without the application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) fertilizer on the quantity and quality of WEOM in a black soil of northeast China by means of ultraviolet absorbance, fluorescence excitation--emission matrix, and derived spectroscopic indices. The application of NPK fertilizers and CR, alone or together, increased the content of total soil organic carbon (SOC), water extractable organic carbon (WEOC), and ratio of WEOC/SOC, with the sequence being NPK + CR > CR > NPK > CK. Compared with control treatment, the individual application of NPK fertilizer decreased the aromaticity of ...

Overloaded heavy vehicles (HVs) have significant negative impacts on traffic conditions due to their inferior driving performance. Highway authorities need to understand the impact of overloaded HVs to assess traffic conditions and set management strategies. We propose a multi-class traffic flow model based on Smulders fundamental diagram to analyze the influence of overloaded HVs on traffic conditions. The relationship between the overloading ratio and maximum speed is established by freeway toll collection data for different types of HVs. Dynamic passenger car equivalent factors are introduced to represent the various impacts of overloaded HVs in different traffic flow patterns. The model is solved analytically and discussed in detail in the appendices. The model validation results show that the proposed model can represent traffic conditions more accurately with consideration for overloaded HVs. The scenario tests indicate that the increase of overloaded HVs leads to both a higher congestion level and longer duration.

miR-551b has been reported to be involved in tumorigenesis, cell invasion, and metastasis in gastric cancer but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, in an attempt to address this question, we examined expression of miR-551b in gastric tumors and adjacent normal tissue. We transfected SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells with miRNA non-sense sequences (NC group), miR-551b mimics (miR-551b mimic group), and miR-551b inhibitors (miR-551b inhibitor group) to investigate the role of miR-551b in autophagic apoptosis. In gastric tissue, our real-time PCR results revealed that expression of miR-551b was significantly downregulated and the relative expression of miR-551b (1.75 ± 0.13) was significantly lower than in normal tissue (2.47 ± 0.38) (P

An optical active Acrylate end-functionalized poly (lactic acid) (DPLA) was synthesized via melt polycondensation, with lactic acid, polyalcohol and acrylic acid as raw materials. The prepolymer products in each process were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR. The curing PLA coating (CPLA) was prepared using optical active DPLA, reactive diluent and photoinitiator. Gel fraction, thermal stability and degradation properties of the UV curing PLA coating properties were evaluated. The results show that branched structure of hydroxyl-terminated poly (lactic acid) (OHPLA) is beneficial to increase acrylic end capping rate (Da), Da ois as high as 88%. The structure of prepolymer and the performance of the coating are adjusted by changing content of polyalcohol. After crosslinking modification, degradation rate of CPLA is reduced and CPLA has better thermal stability than the pure PLA.

The adsorption of Cu(II) from aqueous solution onto humic acid (HA) which was isolated from cattle manure (CHA), peat (PHA), and leaf litter (LHA) as a function of contact time, pH, ion strength, and initial concentration was studied using the batch method. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to examine the coordination environment of the Cu(II) adsorbed by HA at a molecular level. Moreover, the chemical compositions of the isolated HA were characterized by elemental analysis and solid-state C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The kinetic data showed that the adsorption equilibrium can be achieved within 8 h. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order equation. The adsorption isotherms could be well fitted by the Langmuir model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of Cu(II) on CHA, PHA, and LHA were 229.4, 210.4, and 197.7 mg g(-1), respectively. The adsorption of Cu(II) on HA increased with the increase in pH from 2 to 7, and maintained a high level at pH>7. The adsorption of Cu(II) was also strongly influenced by the low ionic strength of 0.01 to 0.2 mol L-1 NaNO3, but was weakly influenced by high ionic strength of 0.4 to 1 mol L-1 NaNO3. The Cu(II) adsorption on HA may be mainly attributed to ion exchange and surface complexation. XAS results revealed that the binding site and oxidation state of Cu adsorbed on HA surface did not change at the initial Cu(II) concentrations of 15 to 40 mg L-1. For all the Cu(II) adsorption samples, each Cu atom was surrounded by 4 O/N atoms at a bond distance of 1.95 angstrom in the first coordination shell. The presence of the higher Cu coordination shells proved that Cu(II) was adsorbed via an inner-sphere covalent bond onto the HA surface. Among the three HA samples, the adsorption capacity and affinity of CHA for Cu(II) was the greatest, followed by that of PHA and LHA. All the three HA samples exhibited similar types of elemental and functional groups, but different contents of elemental and functional groups. CHA contained larger proportions of nnethoxyl C, phenolic C and carbonyl C, and smaller proportions of alkyl C and carbohydrate C than PHA and LHA. The structural differences of the three HA samples are responsible for their distinct adsorption capacity and affinity toward Cu(II). These results are important to achieve better understanding of the behavior of Cu(II) in soil and water bodies in the presence of organic materials.

In conventional analysis of instability, a rough prediction of uniform deformation was obtained due to taking material parameters as constants. In this study, the constitutive equation with varying parameters for Zn-5%Al alloy at 340 °C is employed to predict the critical values of uniform strain in tension based on Considere criterion and Hart criterion, respectively. It should address the factor of strain rate in the characterization of the capability of uniform deformation on superplastic alloys, or for that matter, on any rate-dependent material. Comparison and analysis indicated that the results on Hart criterion have the better predictability of uniform deformation than Considere criterion. The Considere criterion is dependent on strain path, while Hart crtierion is merely dependent on the values of strain and strain rate in tension, and is independent on the strain path or the deformation condition or the deformation history. Therefore, the uniform strain vs. strain rate relation can be taken as a quantitative reference for designing a reasonable strain path during superplastic forming with increase of formability and reduction of forming time.

With the development of numerical calculation and precision forming, constitutive equations are required to possess high accuracy and good reliability, rather than simplicity of mathematical form. Due to simple algorithm and constant parameters, the conventional constitutive models can not be suited to describing superplastic flow behavior which represents complex responses with a large strain. In this study, through surface fitting on experimental data from tension tests performed over a wide range of strain rates, tensile velocities and loads, an empirical approach was proposed to establish constitutive equation for complex superplastic behavior of Zn-5%Al alloy at 340 °C. The empirical constitutive equation not only represents the strain dependence and the strain rate dependence of stress, but also reflects the coupling effects of strain and strain rate on stress, which can not be achieved by traditional models. A comparison between the predicted flow stresses and the experimental data verified that the empirical constitutive equation has high accuracy and good reliability on modeling superplastic flow behavior of Zn-5%Al alloy at 340 °C in a wide range of strains 0~2.5 and strain rates 7.0×10-5~8.0×10-2s-1.

Loss or attenuated expression of the tumor-suppressor gene FHIT is associated paradoxically with poor progression of human tumors. Fhit promotes apoptosis and regulates reactive oxygen species; however, the mechanism by which Fhit inhibits tumor growth in animals remains unclear. In this study, we used a multidisciplinary approach based on bioinformatics, small RNA library screening, human tissue analysis, and a xenograft mouse model to identify a novel member of the miR-548 family in the fourth intron of the human FHIT gene. Characterization of this human-specific microRNA illustrates the importance of this class of microRNAs in tumor suppression and may influence interpretation of Fhit action in human cancer. Cancer Res; 74(8); 2283–94. ©2014 AACR.

The experimental studies on phase equilibria in the quaternary system Na+,K+//Cl–,B4O72––H2O at 323 K were done by the method of isothermal solution saturation. Solubilities of salts and densities of the solution were determined experimentally. The experimental results show that there is no double salt in the quaternary system Na+,K+//Cl–,B4O72––H2O at 323 K. The equilibrium phase diagram and the density-composition diagram were plotted based on the experimental data. In the phase diagram, the quaternary system has two invariant points, five univariant curves, and four crystallization fields corresponding to Na2B4O7·10H2O, K2B4O7·4H2O, NaCl, and KCl. A brief discussion of the experimental results is described.

The bitmap of contact angle image collected from optics contact angle system was processed on Vectorization with step-scan method. Then, the outline curve of image was got with sample`s curve-fitting. The precision of contact angle which was calculated from that curve compared with out of vectorization increased greatly. Moreover, it could edit to the image expediently.

slow and controlled release fertilizer; Development progress; Application status; suggestionAbstract: Slow and Controlled release fertilizer is a new fertilizer, which only improves the utilization rate of fertilizer, labor-saving, but also solves the problems of environmental pollution caused by common chemical fertilizer. Moreover, it has important significance in sustainable agriculture development. Based on the study of slow and controlled release fertilizer, we summarized a large number of research materials at home and abroad, comprehensive elaborated the development progress of slow and controlled release fertilizer in China, and reviewed the utilization efficiency of fertilizer in different corps. On this basis, we put forward suggestions for resolving present problems in China.

In order to precisely describe superplastic flow behavior of Al–Zn–Mg–Zr alloy, a phenomenological constitutive equation and an empirical constitutive equation were established based on the experimental data, which were obtained from the constant strain rate tensions (1.0 × 10 −4 to 8.0 × 10 −2 s −1 ) at 530 °C. Through verification of the two constitutive equations with the experimental data in constant strain rate tensions, constant velocity tensions and constant load tensions, it was indicated that the phenomenological constitutive equation has very high accuracy in the local range of some strain rates and strains. The empirical constitutive equation has higher accuracy and more comprehensive reliability in a wide range of strain rates (1.0 × 10 −4 to 8.0 × 10 −2 s −1 ) and strains (0–2.0) due to considering the coupling effects of strain and strain rate on stress, compared with the phenomenological constitutive equation. In addition, both the phenomenological constitutive equation and the empirical constitutive equation have a good ability to model the superplastic flow behavior of Al–Zn–Mg–Zr alloy at 530 °C under other deformation conditions besides constant strain rate tension.

Due to the increasing evidence linking the PI3Kγ pathway to various disease states, PI3Kγ is becoming an important target for cancer treatment. Herein we designed and synthesized a novel series of N,4-diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine derivatives with low CDOCKER_INTERACTION_ENERGY and then evaluated their PI3Kγ in vitro inhibitory activities and in vitro antiproliferation assays against four human cancer cells. Among the compounds we synthesized, compound C8 (IC50 = 65 nM) demonstrated the most potent inhibitory activity against PI3Kγ kinase as well as at the cellular level, compared to the control drug TG100713 (IC50 = 127 nM). Moreover, molecular docking analysis was also performed to determine possible binding modes between PI3Kγ and the target compounds.

Stainless steel pipe joint parts is the most important parts to join the stress pipeline. internal defects are more likely to occur when stainless steel joint part is produced by traditional casting method or welding forming method, while the upsetting extrusion proposed in this essay can not only meet the part quality requirements, but also save material and shorten processing cycle. By numerical simulation analysis about part upsetting extrusion forming process with the finite element analysis method, we can obtain many index numerical values in part forming process, and therefore provide reliable quantitative basis for optimum design.

In this study, constitutive equations for superplastic materials with an extra large elongation were investigated through mechanical analysis. From the view of phenomenology, firstly, some traditional empirical constitutive relations were standardized by restricting some strain paths and parameter conditions, and the coefficients in these relations were strictly given new mechanical definitions. Subsequently, a new, general constitutive equation with varying parameters was theoretically deduced based on the general mechanical equation of state. The superplastic tension test data of Zn-5%Al alloy at 340 °C under strain rates, velocities, and loads were employed for building a new constitutive equation and examining its validity. Analysis results indicated that the constitutive equation with varying parameters could characterize superplastic flow behavior in practical superplastic forming with high prediction accuracy and without any restriction of strain path or deformation condition, showing good industrial or scientific interest. On the contrary, those empirical equations have low prediction capabilities due to constant parameters and poor applicability because of the limit of special strain path or parameter conditions based on strict phenomenology.

During the service of asphalt pavement, the aging makes asphalt binder become brittle, gradually lose flexibility and adhesion. All these result in the low-temperature properties of asphalt pavement to be poor. This paper conducts the rolling thin film oven test (RTFOT) and pressure aging vessel (PAV) test on base asphalt and rubber-modified asphalt respectively. The bending beam rheometer (BBR) test was conducted on original asphalts, rolling thin film oven test (RTFOT) residuals and RTFOT + pressure aging vessel (PAV) residuals of base asphalt and rubber-modified asphalt respectively. Results indicate that the low-temperature properties of all aged asphalts were declined. The attenuation of low-temperature properties of RTFOT + PAV residuals is larger than that of the RTFOT residuals. The attenuation of different types of asphalt is different. From the overall trend, effect of aging on the low-temperature properties of asphalt binder reduced as the test temperature reduction. The rubber-modified asphalt has superior low-temperature performance than that of base asphalt, and its low-temperature performance decreases more slowly than the base asphalt.

This article studies the low-temperature anti-cracking properties of plain asphalt mixtures and rubber-modified asphalt mixtures at different aging condition. Laboratory flexural test was conducted on the beam specimens of plain asphalt mixtures and rubber-modified asphalt mixtures. Experiment results indicate that rubber-modified asphalt mixtures have superior low-temperature anti-cracking performance than that of plain asphalt mixtures. Compared with the short term oven aging test, the long term oven aging test has more significant effect on the low-temperature anti-cracking of the mixture. In order to better represent the low-temperature anti-cracking of in-service aging asphalt pavement, the long term oven aging test should be used to appraise the low-temperature anti-cracking of asphalt pavements in china.

Water erosion is the major reason for the loss of soil organic carbon in the Northeast China, which leads to the soil quality deterioration and adjacent water pollution. In this study, the effect of extraction temperature, pH value, and salt on the water extractable organic matter (WEOM) was determined by means of the UV absorbance, fluorescence excitation-emission matrix, and derived fluorescence indexes. In general, the carbon content and aromaticity of WEOM increased with the increasing of extraction temperature, with the exception that there was no significant difference in the amount at 0 and 20°C. More fluorophores, especially microbially-derived organic matter were extracted at high temperature. The pH values of extractant, including 5, 7, and 10, showed no effect on the carbon amount of WEOM, whereas the aromaticity and microbially-derived component gradually increased with the increasing of pH values. The fluorescence intensity of humic acid-like fluorophore was stronger in neutral and alkali condition than that in acidic condition. The addition of 10 mmol L−1 CaCl2 significantly decreased the carbon amount of recovered WEOM. Moreover, it significantly decreased the aromaticity of WEOM and the quantity of fulvic acid-like and humic acid-like fluorophores, whereas increased the percentage of tyrosine-like and tryptophan-like fluorophores in the total fluorophores and the amount of microbially-derived organic matter. Generally, 10 mmol L−1 KCl showed the same influence trend, but with low influence degree.

The aging of asphalt pavement gets serious in the course of service due to the large number of vehicles and high pavement temperature. A survey was conducted on urban road’s asphalt pavement in the city of Tianjin. By analyzing the extracted asphalt sample from asphalt pavement built in different years, it shows that asphalt’s softening point and viscosity increase but its penetration and ductility attenuate with the extension of service period. Of which, the ductility changes dramatically with its ductility attenuating fast in the early years of service and the attenuation of ductility tending to slow down later. The vertical difference of aging in different depth of pavement is marked and degree of aging tends to attenuate from the surface to the center.

The sediment of the Yitong which is located in the middle of Jilin Province is selected as the object of study. The distribution characteristics of nitrogen content in colloidal dispersion complex were studied using the improved Qiulin colloid dispersion grouping method, . The results showed that the absolute amount of nitrogen in G0>G2. Among the group of complex of < 10μm, the absolute amount of nitrogen in G2 group is maximum, but the contribution to the sediment nitrogen stability is minimal. The total weight (total G) of complex of < 10 μm accounted for about 27% of the sediment, but the content of nitrogen accounted for about 49% of the total sediment nitrogen, which indicated the importance of the complex of < 10 μm to the stabilization of the sediment nitrogen.

Background Evidence indicates that most cases of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) develop from adenoma. A previous study demonstrated that mitochondrial Tu translation elongation factor (TUFM) might serve as an independent prognostic factor for colorectal cancer. However, the expression and function of TUFM in the normal–adenoma–cancer sequence have not been reported. In this study, we investigated the clinicopathologic significance of TUFM and p53 expression for the normal–adenoma–carcinoma sequence in colorectal epithelia and evaluated the roles of TUFM during the progression of colorectal tumors. Methods Paraffin-embedded specimens from 261 colorectal normal mucosa samples, 157 adenomas, and 104 early carcinomas were analyzed for TUFM and p53 expression by immunohistochemistry. Results Expression of TUFM and p53 was significantly increased during the colorectal normal–adenoma–carcinoma sequence (all P

Acute tumor lysis syndrome (ATLS) is a recognized complication of the treatment of malignant lymphomas and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, there have been few reports of the occurrence of ATLS in patients treated with rituximab. This study reports 2 patients with high-grade diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who presented high tumor load, were sensitive to treatment and had multiple risk factors for ATLS. Both patients developed ATLS after treatment with rituximab and, despite aggressive supportive therapy, died of multiple organ failure. These cases illustrate that ATLS can occur after treatment with rituximab and that a high index of suspicion is necessary for the prompt diagnosis of ATLS.

This paper proposes a new open curve detection algorithm for recognizing the laser rays on the road to verify the roughness of the road surface by parsing the curvature of the laser rays. The laser line in the image is first enhanced by the bright line enhance filtering to remove the clutters generated by the background. The enhanced line has the characteristics that its gray value is greater than that of background, so the established energy functional in open curve detection process has a gray value constraint to drive the evolution curve to the brightest place in image. The line on the road surface is an open curve throughout the whole image, so we fixed the two endpoints of the evolution curve to maintain it is an open curve in curve evolution. Moreover, we design an edge inhibit operator to restrain the influence of objects edges to ensure the accuracy of the test laser line. We compared our algorithm with the edge detection operators, and the comparison results showed that our method is more accurate and more robustness to the background.

In order to improve black soil productivity in the Songliao Plain Cornbelt, a new tillage technology “deep plowing with mulching” was established. The effects of different tillage systems (deep plowing with mulching, subsoiling tillage and conventional tillage) on soil profile construction and aggregate stability were studied in this paper. The results showed that different tillage systems led to different patterns of soil profile construction; the deep plowing with mulching, subsoiling tillage and conventional tillage formed “flat type”, “undulated type” and “groove type” in the interface between plow layer and plow pan, respectively. Compared with subsoiling tillage and conventional tillage, deep plowing with mulching significantly increased the contents of macroaggregates, and decreased the aggregate deterioration rate in the plow layers. This work demonstrates that the new tillage technology could promote soil aggregate stability and contribute to soil structure improvement in the Songliao Plain Cornbelt, China.

Objective Primary peritoneal high-grade serous carcinoma is thought to arise from the peritoneum, but recent data suggest that the fallopian tube may be an occult source of many of these tumors. This study was performed to evaluate this hypothesis in an unselected series of cases. Methods Fallopian tubes from 51 consecutive cases meeting the GOG criteria for primary peritoneal high-grade serous carcinoma, FIGO stages II–IV, were analyzed. Results Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) was identified in 19 patients (37%). When the fimbriae were examined, STIC was identified in 46%, and when all tubal tissue was examined, 56%. STIC was confined to the fimbriae in 53%, involved fimbriae and nonfimbrial mucosa in 20%, and was confined to nonfimbrial mucosa in 20%. Patients with STIC were significantly older than those without STIC (75years vs. 67years, respectively; p =0.007). Patients with STIC were significantly more likely to have FIGO stage IV disease as compared to those without STIC (42% vs. 12.5%, respectively; p =0.037). Conclusions At least half the cases of primary peritoneal high-grade serous carcinoma are associated with intraepithelial carcinoma of the fallopian tube, usually involving the fimbriae. These findings support the view that, like "primary ovarian carcinoma," what has been traditionally classified as "primary peritoneal carcinoma" is probably derived from occult high-grade serous carcinoma in the fallopian tube. These findings have important implications for ultrasound screening trials for ovarian cancer which are based on the assumption that an enlarged ovary is a very early manifestation of disease.

A strain of phosphate solubilizing bacterium was isolated from rhizosphere and identified as Burkholderia sp. by 16S-rRNA gene sequence analyses. The bacterium was found to release gluconic acid and the solubilization of hydroxyapatite in the liquid medium by a significant drop in pH to 3.7 from an initial pH 7.0. The soluble-P concentration continuously increased during the incubation periods and the total amount of soluble P released in culture filtrate was detected at 990 mg L -1 after 10 days of inoculation. Most promoted maize growth was found in the standard NPK (240-120-120 kg ha -1 ) soil inoculation with Burkholderia sp. (Twenty milliliters/ plant, 106 CFU) and also in the absence of Burkholderia sp. inoculation, the soil amended with only 2/3 levels of P gave significant higher plant yield compared to 1/3 levels of P or without P supplementation.

Zhao P, Strohl A, Gonzalez C, Fishbein T, Rosen-Bronson S, Kallakury B, Ozdemirli M. Donor transmission of pineoblastoma in a two-yr-old male recipient of a multivisceral transplant: a case report. Abstract: Transplant-transmitted malignances are rare but devastating events. Primary brain tumors are the least common among reported donor-derived malignancies. We report a case of donor-transmitted pineoblastoma, a PNET, in a two-yr-old male recipient, who presented with a rapidly growing mass in the right mandible, four months after multiple visceral organ transplantation. The recipient had liver, pancreas, and small bowel transplants because of end-stage liver failure and short gut syndrome, which was secondary to large bowel resection for management of gastroschisis complicated by intestinal volvulus. The donor autopsy results became available seven wk after transplantation, which found a pineoblastoma with meningeal spread. Evaluation of eyes, adrenal glands, bone marrow, and other organs did not identify metastasis outside the CNS. A biopsy of the recipient’s right mandibular mass revealed a malignant small round blue cell tumor with the immunohistochemistry profile of a PNET. Staging evaluation revealed the tumor in the right mandible with bone marrow involvement. Further investigation showed that recipient’s tumor and donor’s pineoblastoma shared the same immunophenotype and HLA type, suggesting the recipient’s tumor is a donor-transmitted pineoblastoma. This is the first case report of donor-transmitted pineoblastoma post-organ transplant.