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Introduction: Due to its reliability and relatively low risk, amniocentesis is the most widely used method of prenatal diagnostics, primarily for diagnostics of chromosomal aberrations. Each country has its own specificity in the indications for amniocentesis, and therefore different results. Aim of the Study: The aim of the study was to analyze the results of amniocentesis performed at the University Clinical Centre of the Republic of Srpska by investigating the distributions of indications for amniocentesis, cytogenetic findings and abnormality rate according to indications. Patients and Methods: The study retrospectively and prospectively analyzed 3994 cases of amniocentesis performed at the University Clinical Centre of the Republic of Srpska between 2009 and 2014. Cytogenetic findings were grouped according to referral indication. The positive predictive value was calculated for each indication. Results: The most common indications for amniocentesis were advanced maternal age and abnormal screening markers in maternal serum. Overall abnormality rate was 2.35%. The most frequently found chromosomal aberrations were trisomy 21 and balanced reciprocal translocation. The highest positive predictive value had indications parent carrier of chromosomal aberrations and abnormal ultrasound findings. Far from the expected positive predictive value had indications abnormal screening markers in maternal serum and a family history of chromosomal aberrations or congenital anomalies. Conclusion: Amniocentesis is a feasible tool for detecting fetal chromosomal aberrations and is mostly performed because of advanced maternal age. Analyzing the results of amniocentesis could help us to improve prenatal detection rate of chromosomal aberrations and give us useful database for proper genetic counseling of pregnant women.

Introduction: Asthma is a global health problem that negatively affects various aspects of the quality of a person's life. The aim of the study was to examine the quality of life in children and adolescents with asthma and the correlation between the degree of asthma control and the quality of life. Methods: The cross-sectional study included 100 children and adolescents with asthma over a six-month period in 2015. The study used: Standardized Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ(S)) for the assessment quality of life and the questionnaires for the assessment of asthma control for two age groups: Asthma Control Test (ACT) for adolescents and Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT). Results: 62 boys and 38 girls aged 7-17, whose average age was 11.2 (s = 2.7) years were included in the study. The overall PAQLQ(S) score ranged between 3.30 and 7.00 with an average mean value of 5.95. The findings have showed that most children with asthma estimated their overall PAQLQ(S) on the positive end of the scale. The children reported more impairment in the domain of 'Emotion' (x = 5.84) than in 'Activities' and 'Symptoms'. The percentage of adolescents in the category of poor control (12.5 %) was significantly lower than in the group of children (25.0 %). In both groups of children, the sub-scale 'Symptoms' was in highest correlation with the degree of asthma control (r = 0.915, p < 0.01). Discussion and conclusion: In this study the children and adolescents with asthma showed an overall good quality of life. Control of asthma symptoms in children and adolescents positively influenced their quality of life. Uvod: Astma je globalni zdravstveni problem, ki negativno vpliva na različne vidike kakovosti življenja. Cilj raziskave je bil preučiti kakovost življenja pri otrocih in mladostnikih z astmo ter povezavo med stopnjo nadzora astme in kakovostjo življenja. Metode: Presečna študija je vključevala 100 otrok in mladostnikov z astmo v šestmesečnem obdobju leta 2015. V raziskavi so bili uporabljeni: standardiziran vprašalnik o kakovosti življenja otrok z astmo (PAQLQ(S)) za oceno kakovosti življenja in vprašalnika za oceno krmiljenja astme za dve starostni skupini: test za kontrolo astme za mladostnike (ACT) in test za kontrolo astme pri otrocih (C-ACT). Rezultati: Vključenih je bilo 62 fantov in 38 deklic, starih od 7 do 17 let, katerih povprečna starost je bila 11,2 (s = 2,7) leta. Skupni rezultati v oceni PAQLQ(S) so se gibali med 3,30 in 7,00 s povprečno vrednostjo 5,95. Ugotovitve kažejo, da je večina otrok z astmo umestila svojo splošno PAQLQ(S) proti pozitivnemu koncu lestvice. Otroci so poročali o večji oslabelosti na področju "Čustva" (x = 5,84) kot na področjih "Dejavnosti" in "Simptomi". Odstotek mladostnikov, ki spadajo v kategorijo slabega nadzora (12,5 %), je bil znatno nižji kot v skupini otrok (25,0 %). V obeh skupinah otrok je bila lestvica "Simptomi" v največji povezavi s stopnjo nadzora astme (r = 0,915, p < 0,01). Diskusija in zaključek: V raziskavi so otroci in mladostniki z astmo pokazali splošno dobro kakovost življenja. Nadzor simptomov astme pri otrocih in mladostnikih je pozitivno vplival na njihovo kakovost življenja.

Hydrops fetalis is a serious condition indicating a bad prognosis of affected fetuses. Incidence of immune hydropsfetalis is significantly decreasing, whereas more and more non-immune hydropsfetalisis are identified. We described a case of the most difficult manifestation of hemolytic disease of a newborn due to rhesus incompatibility. Immune hydrops fetalis occurred due to inadequate immune prophylaxis. While treating the newborn, we applied exchange transfusion, additional transfusion and immunoglobulin therapy. With sensitized pregnant patients, it is necessary to regularly monitor the condition of fetus and titer of mother's antibodies. Considering a difficulty of affected fetuses' disease, it is necessary to strengthen preventive measures by application of rhesus immunoglobulin with affected Rh negative mothers.