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Although infections due to fungal pathogens are rare, the incidence of such infections has increased over the last few decades, mainly because of growing populations of immunocompromised patients. We report a case of a Phialemonium curvatum fungaemia in a woman with a history of a peripheral stem-cell transplantation. The case is analysed with 20 other cases described in the literature since 1986. Adequate therapeutic management is becoming increasingly important for immunode-pressed patients, in light of a broadened therapeutic choice of antifungals. Therefore precise and timely identification of fungi is needed. Therapeutic options with regard to Phialemonium fungaemia are also discussed.

Although infections due to fungal pathogens are rare, the incidence of such infections has increased over the last few decades, mainly because of growing populations of immunocompromised patients. We report a case of a Phialemonium curvatum fungaemia in a woman with a history of a peripheral stem-cell transplantation. The case is analysed with 20 other cases described in the literature since 1986. Adequate therapeutic management is becoming increasingly important for immunodepressed patients, in light of a broadened therapeutic choice of antifungals. Therefore precise and timely identification of fungi is needed. Therapeutic options with regard to Phialemonium fungaemia are also discussed.