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Purpose During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, higher education worldwide had to switch to digital formats. The purpose of this study was to evaluate CoRad-19, a digital teaching tool created by the German Radiological Society for medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods A total of 13 German-speaking universities implemented CoRad-19 in their curriculum and partially or completely replaced their classes with the online courses. Previous experience and contact with radiology and the participants' opinions regarding the medium of e-learning were surveyed using a custom questionnaire. The subjective level of knowledge regarding the individual modules was also surveyed before and after participation to measure learning effects. The data of 994 medical students from the participating sites were analyzed and compared intraindividually using the Friedman test. Results From 4/1/2020-10/1/2020, 451 complete data sets from a total of 994 surveys were included. E-learning was rated very useful both before and after course participation (4 [IQR 3-4], p=0.527, r=0.16). E-learning as a method was also rated as a very good medium both before and after participation (4 [IQR 3-4], p=0.414, r=0.17). After participation, participants rated radiology as particularly suitable for digital teaching (before: 3 [IQR 3-4] vs. after 4 [IQR 3-4], p=0.005, r=0.6). Significant learning gains were measurable in all course modules (p≤0.009). Post-hoc analysis showed interest in radiology to increase significantly after course participation (p=0.02). Conclusion In the representative survey, significant learning effects were observed in all course modules. In addition, it should be particularly emphasized that the students' interest in radiology was increased by course participation. Thus, the German Radiological Society provided significant support to German-speaking medical faculties with respect to maintaining excellent education using CoRad-19. Key Point: Co-Rad-19 course participation results in measurable subjective learning effects and increases student interest in radiology. Citation Format Brendlin AS, Molwitz I, Oechtering TH etal. CoRad-19 - Modular Digital Teaching during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2022; DOI: 10.1055/a-1752-0624.

The aim of this study is to assess the usefulness of CAD/CAM technology in the surgical treatment of trigonocephaly compared to conventional surgical treatment. Children operated from trigonocephaly between 2017 and 2019 at the French Referral Center for craniosynostosis of Femme-Mere-Enfant Hospital of Lyon, France, were included and separated in two groups. Group 1 included children operated on trigonocephaly using CAD-CAM technology; Group 2 included children operated on trigonocephaly without CAD-CAM technology. Age, gender, duration of surgery, complications, blood transfusion and esthetic results were analyzed. The experience of the craniofacial surgeon was also evaluated and quantified in order to weigh the results. Twenty children were included in the study: 10 in the Group 1 and 10 in the Group 2. No statistical difference was observed between these 2 groups concerning the duration of the surgery (137 min ± 39,17 versus 137,2 min ± 64,50; p = 0,85), complications (20% in group 1 versus 10% in group 2; p = 1), the realization of blood transfusion (80% in group 1 versus 70% in group 2) and the esthetic results (5/5 in group 1 versus 4,6/5 in group 2; p = 0,21). However, the use of CAD-CAM technology significantly accelerates the duration of surgery by 25.8 min on average for the surgeon starting in craniofacial surgery (from 197,8 ± 10,21 min without CAD-CAM to 172 ± 18,76 min with CAD-CAM; p = 0.05) but significantly slows the experienced surgeon by 25.4 min on average (from 76,6 ± 8,65 min without CAD-CAM to 102 ± 6,2 min with CAD-CAM; p = 0.01). In the management of trigonocephaly, CAD/CAM technology seems to present a modest interest for the experienced surgeon but presents a real interest for the young surgeon. Within the limitations of the study, it seems that CAD/CAM technology is a relevant addition to the armamentarium of doctors who are in training because surgical time is reduced.

Konsep efektivitas yang dikaitkan dengan pemeriksaan adalah seberapa besar realisasi yang dapat dicapai atas target yang telah ditetapkan oleh pihak KPP di setiap tahunnya untuk memenuhi tujuan yang telah ditetapkan. Ini dilihat dari segi penyelesaian dengan berdasarkan pada jumlah Surat Peritah Pemeriksaan Pajak (SP2) dan dari segi penerimaan atas hasil pemeriksaan dengan didasarkan pada jumlah target dan realisasi ketetapan pemeriksaan. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah Kantor Pelayanan Pajak (KPP) Pratama Manado. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat efektivitas pelaksanaan pemeriksaan pajak di KPP Pratama Manado. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif yang berfokus pada efektivitas dengan menggunakan indikator Jumlah Surat Perintah Pemeriksaan Pajak dan jumlah penerimaan atas hasil pemeriksaan yang dilakukan. Hasil penelitian efektivitas dari segi penyelesaian SP2 pada tahun 2011 dan 2012 masuk dalam kategori tidak efektif dengan presentase yang sama 51%, sedangkan tahun 2013 tingkat efektivitas dikategorikan sangat efektif dengan presentase 160,9%. Dari segi penyelesaian penerimaan atas hasil pemeriksaan, tahun 2011 tidak efektif dengan presentase 19,48%. Sedangkan tahun 2012 dan 2013 mempunyai tingkat efektivitas yang cukup efektif dengan presentase 82,34% dan 93,27%. KPP Pratama Manado sebaiknya dapat mempertahankan kinerja serta mampu melakukan penyuluhan bagi seluruh lapisan masyarakat di manado. Kata kunci: efektivitas, pemeriksaan pajak