63 results on '"Paroni R"'
Search Results
2. Sphingomyelin in Human Breast Milk might be Essential for the Hippocampus Maturation
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Albi, E., Arcuri, C., Kobayashi, T., Tomishige, N., Dei Cas, M., Paroni, R., Signorelli, P., Cerquiglini, L., Troiani, S., Gizzi, C., Ceccarini, M.R., Mirarchi, A., Cossignani, L., Gil, M.G., Beccari, T., and Cataldi, S.
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Cell Nucleus ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Milk, Human ,human milk ,Infant ,General Medicine ,Hippocampus ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,sphingomyelin ,Sphingomyelins ,neurites ,cell differentiation ,Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase ,Milk ,embryonic hippocampal cells ,Animals ,Cattle ,Female ,Humans ,Settore BIO/10 - Biochimica ,Settore BIO/12 - Biochimica Clinica e Biologia Molecolare Clinica ,Human - Abstract
It has been established that sphingomyelin present human breast milk is useful for the brain maturation and cognitive development. At 10 days of breastfeeding the sphingomyelin content is double that present in cow's milk and its content is independent of the maternal diet. The aim of the study was to analyze the content of sphingomyelin in breast milk at 3 months of breastfeeding and to consider the effect of this molecule on synaptic function and nerve conduction through the probable expansion of myelinated axons.Therefore, to begin to define and assess this, we performed sphingolipidomic analysis in human breast milk. Then, we cultured embryonic hippocampal cells (HN9.10) in the presence of sphingomyelin at a concentration from 0.6% to 31% of human milk, estimated by considering its bioavailability and its passage into the interstitial fluid. To highlight the effect of sphingomyelin in the cells, cell viability and morphology were evaluated. Analyses of neutral sphingomyelinase gene and protein expression was performed. The entry of sphingomyelin into the cell was studied in immunofluorescence; the expression of heavy neurofilament (NF200) was tested with immunocytochemical technique.We demonstrated that sphingomyelin is able to enter cell nucleus and overexpress the sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 4 (We speculated that the sphingomyelin present in human breast milk is useful in part to regulate nuclear activity and in part to form myelin sheet to facilitate nerve cell maturation. As brain development occurs at 0-3 years, these data open a new avenue of potential intervention to integrate the infant formulas with SM to obtain a product similar to the maternal milk.
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- 2022
3. A longitudinal study on the incidence of cardiovascular events in a population of Northern Italy
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Bianco, E., Dei Cas, M., Bignotto, M., Morano, C., Rigoldi, C., Trevisi, G., Berra, C., Zermiani, P., Zuin, M., Paroni, R., Folli, F., and Battezzati, P.
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Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna ,impaired glucose metabolism overweight/obesity CV risk - Published
- 2021
4. Sphingolipid synthesis inhibition by myriocin administration enhances lipid consumption and ameliorates lipid response to myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury
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Bonezzi F., Piccoli M., Cas M. D., Paroni R., Mingione A., Monasky M. M., Caretti A., Riganti C., Ghidoni R., Pappone C., Anastasia L., Signorelli P., Bonezzi, F., Piccoli, M., Cas, M. D., Paroni, R., Mingione, A., Monasky, M. M., Caretti, A., Riganti, C., Ghidoni, R., Pappone, C., Anastasia, L., and Signorelli, P.
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Ceramide ,Sphingolipids ,Metabolism ,Physiology ,Ischemia ,Myriocin ,Physiology (medical) ,Reperfusion ,Original Research - Abstract
Myocardial infarct requires prompt thrombolytic therapy or primary percutaneous coronary intervention to limit the extent of necrosis, but reperfusion creates additional damage. Along with reperfusion, a maladaptive remodeling phase might occur and it is often associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, as well as a reduced ability to recover metabolism homeostasis. Infarcted individuals can exhibit reduced lipid turnover and their accumulation in cardiomyocytes, which is linked to a deregulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs), controlling fatty acids metabolism, energy production, and the anti-inflammatory response. We previously demonstrated that Myriocin can be effectively used as post-conditioning therapeutic to limit ischemia/reperfusion-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and infarct size, in a murine model. In this follow-up study, we demonstrate that Myriocin has a critical regulatory role in cardiac remodeling and energy production, by up-regulating the transcriptional factor EB, PPARs nuclear receptors and genes involved in fatty acids metabolism, such as VLDL receptor, Fatp1, CD36, Fabp3, Cpts, and mitochondrial FA dehydrogenases. The overall effects are represented by an increased β-oxidation, together with an improved electron transport chain and energy production. The potent immunomodulatory and metabolism regulatory effects of Myriocin elicit the molecule as a promising pharmacological tool for post-conditioning therapy of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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- 2019
5. Inflammatory extracellular vesicles prompt heart dysfunction via TRL4-dependent NF-κB activation
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Biemmi, V., Milano, G., Ciullo, A., Cervio, E., Burrello, J., Dei Cas, M., Paroni, R., Tallone, T., Moccetti, T., Pedrazzini, G., Longnus, S., Vassalli, G., Barile, L., University of Zurich, and Barile, Lucio
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Inflammation ,Male ,TLR4 axis ,inflammatory extracellular vesicles ,macrophages ,myocardial infarction ,Inflammatory extracellular vesicles ,Macrophages ,Myocardial infarction ,Myocardium ,Troponin I ,NF-kappa B ,2701 Medicine (miscellaneous) ,610 Medicine & health ,11171 Cardiocentro Ticino ,Rats ,Toll-Like Receptor 4 ,Extracellular Vesicles ,Animals, Newborn ,Animals ,Cytokines ,Myocytes, Cardiac ,3001 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) ,Rats, Wistar ,Cells, Cultured ,Research Paper - Abstract
Background: After myocardial infarction, necrotic cardiomyocytes release damage-associated proteins that stimulate innate immune pathways and macrophage tissue infiltration, which drives inflammation and myocardial remodeling. Circulating inflammatory extracellular vesicles play a crucial role in the acute and chronic phases of ischemia, in terms of inflammatory progression. In this study, we hypothesize that the paracrine effect mediated by these vesicles induces direct cytotoxicity in cardiomyocytes. Thus, we examined whether reducing the generation of inflammatory vesicles within the first few hours after the ischemic event ameliorates cardiac outcome at short and long time points. Methods: Myocardial infarction was induced in rats that were previously injected intraperitoneally with a chemical inhibitor of extracellular-vesicle biogenesis. Heart global function was assessed by echocardiography performed at 7, 14 and 28 days after MI. Cardiac outcome was also evaluated by hemodynamic analysis at sacrifice. Cytotoxic effects of circulating EV were evaluated ex-vivo in a Langendorff, system by measuring the level of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in the perfusate. Mechanisms undergoing cytotoxic effects of EV derived from pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1) were studied in-vitro in primary rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. Results: Inflammatory response following myocardial infarction dramatically increased the number of circulating extracellular vesicles carrying alarmins such as IL-1α, IL-1β and Rantes. Reducing the boost in inflammatory vesicles during the acute phase of ischemia resulted in preserved left ventricular ejection fraction in vivo. Hemodynamic analysis confirmed functional recovery by displaying higher velocity of left ventricular relaxation and improved contractility. When added to the perfusate of isolated hearts, post-infarction circulating vesicles induced significantly more cell death in adult cardiomyocytes, as assessed by cTnI release, comparing to circulating vesicles isolated from healthy (non-infarcted) rats. In vitro inflammatory extracellular vesicles induce cell death by driving nuclear translocation of NF-κB into nuclei of cardiomyocytes. Conclusion: Our data suggest that targeting circulating extracellular vesicles during the acute phase of myocardial infarction may offer an effective therapeutic approach to preserve function of ischemic heart.
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- 2020
6. Different routes and formulations of melatonin in critically ill patients. A pharmacokinetic randomized study
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Mistraletti, G., Paroni, R., Umbrello, M., Moro Salihovic, B., Coppola, S., Froio, S., Finati, E., Gasco, P., Savoca, A., Manca, D., Chiumello, D., Reiter, R. J., and Iapichino, G.
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lipid nanovector encapsulation ,critically ill patients ,transdermal absorption ,melatonin ,microemulsion - Published
- 2019
7. Antitumor activity of melatonin in a mouse model of human prostate cancer: relationship with hypoxia signaling
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Paroni, R., Terraneo, L., Bonomini, Francesca, Finati, E., Virgili, E., Bianciardi, P., Favero, Gaia, Fraschini, F., Reiter, R. J., Rezzani, Rita, and Samaja, M.
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- 2014
8. Linear models for composite thin-walled beams by Gamma-convergence. Part II: Closed cross-sections
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Davini, Cesare, Freddi, Lorenzo, and Paroni, R.
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thin-walled beams ,Γ-convergence ,closed cross section ,linear elasticity ,dimension reduction ,Computational Mathematics ,Thin-walled beams ,Applied Mathematics ,Dimension reduction ,Closed cross section ,Linear elasticity ,Analysis - Published
- 2014
9. Scanning mutations of the 5'UTR regulatory sequence of L-ferritin by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography: identification of new mutations
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CREMONESI L, PARONI R, FOGLIENI B, GALBIATI S, FERMO I, SORIANI N, BELLOLI S, RUGGERI G, BIASOTTO G, CAZZOLA M, FERRARI F, AROSIO P., FERRARI , MAURIZIO, Cremonesi, L, Paroni, R, Foglieni, B, Galbiati, S, Fermo, I, Soriani, N, Belloli, S, Ruggeri, G, Biasotto, G, Cazzola, M, Ferrari, F, Ferrari, Maurizio, and Arosio, P.
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- 2003
10. Novel strategies to deliver melatonin (in SLN and cryo-laser therapy) to prostate cancer cells
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Finati, E., Virgili, E., Terraneo, L., Bonomini, Francesca, Bianciardi, P., Rezzani, Rita, Samaja, M., and Paroni, R.
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- 2013
11. Buckling of residually-stressed plates: an asymptotic approach
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Paroni, R and Tomassetti, G
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Settore MAT/05 - Analisi Matematica ,Settore ICAR/08 - Scienza delle Costruzioni ,Settore MAT/07 - Fisica Matematica - Published
- 2013
12. Genetic hyperferritinaemia and reticuloendothelial iron overload associated with a three base pair deletion in the coding region of the ferroportin gene (SLC11A3)
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Cazzola, M, Cremonesi, L, Papaioannou, M, Soriani, N, Kioumi, A, Charalambidou, A, Paroni, R, Romtsou, K, Levi, S, Ferrari, M, Arosio, Paolo, Christakis, J., Cazzola, M, Cremonesi, L, Papaioannou, M, Soriani, N, Kioumi, A, Charalambidou, A, Paroni, R, Romtsou, K, Levi, SONIA MARIA ROSA, Ferrari, Maurizio, Arosio, P, and Christakis, J.
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- 2002
13. Structural Determinants of CCR5 Recognition and HIV-1 Blockade in RANTES: Dissociation from Receptor Activation
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NARDESE V., POLI S., LONGHI R., SIRONI F., ARCELLONI C., PARONI R., SARMIENTOS P., RIZZI M., BOLOGNESI M., LUSSO P., PAVONE, VINCENZO, Nardese, V., Poli, S., Longhi, R., Sironi, F., Arcelloni, C., Paroni, R., Sarmientos, P., Rizzi, M., Bolognesi, M., Pavone, Vincenzo, and Lusso, P.
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- 2001
14. Effect of local hyperthermia of the bladder on mitomycin C pharmacokinetics during intravesical chemotherapy for the treatment of superficial transitional cell carcinoma
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Paroni, R., Salonia, A., Lev, A., Pozzo, L. F. D., GIULIANA MARIA CIGHETTI, Montorsi, F., Rigatti, P., Colombo, R., Paroni, R, Salonia, A, Lev, A, Da Pozzo, L, Cighetti, G, Montorsi, F, Rigatti, P, Colombo, R, Salonia, Andrea, Da Pozzo, Lf, Montorsi, Francesco, and Colombo, R.
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Adult ,Aged, 80 and over ,Male ,Local Hyperthermia, Bladder Cancer, Intravesical Chemotherapy ,Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ,Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ,Time Factors ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Mitomycin ,Urinary Bladder ,Temperature ,Hyperthermia, Induced ,Original Articles ,Middle Aged ,Combined Modality Therapy ,Leukocyte Count ,Administration, Intravesical ,Treatment Outcome ,Drug Stability ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,Leukocytes ,Humans ,Female ,Aged ,Neoplasm Staging - Abstract
Aims To assess the effect of local hyperthermia on the systemic absorption of mitomycin C (MMC) during intravesical chemotherapy for the treatment of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, and to establish the likely safety of this procedure. Methods Group 1 (n = 12) received 20 mg intravesical MMC plus local hyperthermia, group 2 (n = 13) 20 mg MMC alone, group 3 (n = 16) 40 mg MMC plus local hyperthermia and group 4 (n = 10) 40 mg MMC alone. Patients in groups 1, 2, and 4 under-went post-tumour resection adjuvant treatment, whereas those in group 3 still had tumour present and were treated to eradicate it. Intravesical instillation lasted 60 min, with the solution (50 ml) being replaced after the first 30 min. Blood samples were taken before, and every 15 min during instillation. MMC concentrations in plasma and in urine were determined by h.p.l.c. Results The highest MMC plasma concentration (67.9 mg ml(-1)) occurred in a patient in group 3. This value was well below the threshold concentration (400 ng ml(-1)) for myelosuppression. Local hyperthermia associated with the intravesical chemotherapy enhanced plasma MMC concentrations at 30, 45 and 60 min compared with chemotherapy alone (Group 1 vs 2, P less than or equal to0.008). Systemic exposure to MMC was not significantly increased by doubling the intravesical dose when intravesical chemotherapy alone was administered. Patients in group 3 displayed the highest degree of MMC absorption and the greatest variability in pharmacokinetics between patients. Conclusions Local hyperthermia enhances the systemic absorption of MMC during intravesical chemotherapy for bladder cancer. In the doses used, plasma MMC concentrations were always more than six times lower than those shown to cause toxicity. Aims To assess the effect of local hyperthermia on the systemic absorption of mitomycin C (MMC) during intravesical chemotherapy for the treatment of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, and to establish the likely safety of this procedure. Methods Group 1 (n = 12) received 20 mg intravesical MMC plus local hyperthermia, group 2 (n = 13) 20 mg MMC alone, group 3 (n = 16) 40 mg MMC plus local hyperthermia and group 4 (n = 10) 40 mg MMC alone. Patients in groups 1, 2, and 4 under-went post-tumour resection adjuvant treatment, whereas those in group 3 still had tumour present and were treated to eradicate it. Intravesical instillation lasted 60 min, with the solution (50 ml) being replaced after the first 30 min. Blood samples were taken before, and every 15 min during instillation. MMC concentrations in plasma and in urine were determined by h.p.l.c. Results The highest MMC plasma concentration (67.9 mg ml(-1)) occurred in a patient in group 3. This value was well below the threshold concentration (400 ng ml(-1)) for myelosuppression. Local hyperthermia associated with the intravesical chemotherapy enhanced plasma MMC concentrations at 30, 45 and 60 min compared with chemotherapy alone (Group 1 vs 2, P less than or equal to0.008). Systemic exposure to MMC was not significantly increased by doubling the intravesical dose when intravesical chemotherapy alone was administered. Patients in group 3 displayed the highest degree of MMC absorption and the greatest variability in pharmacokinetics between patients. Conclusions Local hyperthermia enhances the systemic absorption of MMC during intravesical chemotherapy for bladder cancer. In the doses used, plasma MMC concentrations were always more than six times lower than those shown to cause toxicity.
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- 2001
15. IL CRUSCOTTO DIREZIONALE IN FUNZIONE DEL MIGLIORAMENTO E DELLA COMUNICAZIONE DEI RISULTATI ASSISTENZIALI
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Guardini I, Noacco S, Comuzzi C, G, Martina, Vesca R, Sbaiz D, Paroni R, Londero C°, Mesaglio M, and F, Fontana
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- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. On thin coated plates with residual stress for the implementation of a crystalline undulator
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Di Carlo, A., Paroni, R., and Rizzoni, Raffaella
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- 2011
17. Piece-wise constant approximations in variational problems via W^1,p estimates
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Davini, Cesare and Paroni, R.
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- 2010
18. On the free energy of liposomes
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Deseri, L, Paroni, R, Piccioni, Mario Daniele, and Zurlo, G.
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- 2007
19. Piece-wise constant approximations of first order variational problems via W-1;p estimates : Theory and applications
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Davini, C., Jourdan, Franck, Paroni, R., Couplages en Géomécanique et Biomécanique (CGB), Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil (LMGC), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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[MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA] - Abstract
Non renseigné
- Published
- 2006
20. Contrained bounds on texture coefficients
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Pagano, Stéphane, Paroni, R., Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil (LMGC), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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[PHYS.MECA.MEMA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph] ,[PHYS.MECA.SOLID]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Solid mechanics [physics.class-ph] ,[SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph] ,[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP] ,[SPI.MECA.SOLID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Solid mechanics [physics.class-ph] - Abstract
i
- Published
- 2003
21. Scanning mutations of the 5'UTR regulatory sequence of l-ferritin by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography: identification of newmutations
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Cremonesi, L., Paroni, R., Foglieni, B., Galbiati, S., Fermo, I., Soriani, N., Belloli, S., Ruggeri, G., Biasiotto, Giorgio, Cazzola, M., Ferrari, F., Ferrari, M., and Arosio, Paolo
- Published
- 2003
22. Approved IFCC Reference Method for the measurement of HbA1c in human blood
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Jeppsson J.O., Kobold U., Barr J., Finke A., Hoelzel W., Hoshino T., Miedema K., Mosca A., Mauri P.L., Paroni R., Thienpont L., Umemoto M., and Weykamp C.
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HbA1c ,Mass spectrometry ,Haemoglobin - Abstract
A reference method that specifically measures hemoglo-bin (Hb) A1c is an essential part of the reference system for the international standardization of Hb A1c /glycohe-moglobin. We have developed a new method for quan-tification, based on the specific N-terminal residue of the hemoglobin b-chains. Enzymatic cleavage of the intact hemoglobin molecule with endoproteinase Glu-C has been optimized to obtain the b-N-terminal hexapep-tides of Hb A1c and Hb A0 . These peptides have been separated by reversed-phase HPLC and quantitated by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (method A) or by capillary electrophoresis (method B). With these peptides and hyphenated separation techniques, it has been possible to overcome the insufficient resolution of currently used protein separation systems for Hb A1c .
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- 2002
23. Time course of endogenous nitric oxide inhibitors in severe sepsis in humans
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Iapichino, G., Michele Umbrello, Albicini, M., Spanu, P., Bellani, G., Polli, F., Pavlovic, R., Cugno, M., Fermo, I., Paroni, R., Iapichino, G, Umbrello, M, Albicini, M, Spanu, P, Bellani, G, Polli, F, Pavlovic, R, Cugno, M, Fermo, I, and Paroni, R
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Sepsi ,Nitric oxide ,Critical illne ,MED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIA - Abstract
Aim. Asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginines (ADMA and SDMA, respectively) are protein breakdown markers; both compete with arginine for cellular transport and both are excreted in urine. Moreover, ADMA is a non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase that is metabolized by a specific hydrolase in which the activity during stress remains controversial. While an increase in ADMA is known to be associated with adverse events, little is known about SDMA. We investigated plasma ADMA and SDMA levels during ICU stay to reveal the time course of endogenous NO inhibition in patients with sepsis. Methods. A post hoc analysis from a prospective random controlled trial conducted in three ICUs was performed to study the pathophysiological pathways of sepsis. ADMA, SDMA, the ratio of ADMA/SDMA (a marker of ADMA catabolism), arginine, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and C reactive protein (CRP) were measured on days 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and at discharge in 72 consecutive severely septic patients. Results. Fasting basal glycemia, creatinine, IL-6, TNF-α, CRP, DMA, and SDMA were higher than normal. The ADMA/SDMA ratio was decreased by 50%, and arginine levels were low. ADMA levels were related to the total Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores and arginine levels, and inversely related to IL-6 and CRP levels. SDMA levels were related to Simplified Acute Physiologic Scores II (SAPS II), SOFA scores, blood urea, creatinine, and arginine levels. The ADMA/SDMA ratio was inversely related to IL-6 levels. In 58 ICU survivors, creatinine, IL-6, and CRP levels decreased over time; ADMA levels increased, SDMA levels remained stable, and the ADMA/SDMA ratio increased. In 14 non-survivors, creatinine, IL-6, TNF-α, CRP, and ADMA levels were stable, whereas the SDMA levels increased and the ADMA/SDMA ratio remained low. In both ICU survivors and non-survivors, the levels on the last ICU day confirmed the data trends. SDMA, but not ADMA, was associated with ICU mortality. Conclusion. ADMA catabolism appears to be activated by inflammation; its increase during the advanced septic phase in surviving patients may suggest an endogenous inhibition of NO synthesis during the full-blown septic phase. In severe sepsis, SDMA, but not ADMA, appears to be a marker of alterations in vital functions and mortality.
24. Comment on JVGA Durnin and J.Womersley article
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Maioli, C., Paroni, R., and GIULIANA MARIA CIGHETTI
25. Identification of two novel mutations in the 5'-untranslated region of H-ferritin using denaturing high performance liquid chromatography scanning
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Cremonesi, L., Foglieni, B., isabella fermo, Cozzi, A., Paroni, R., Ruggeri, G., Belloli, S., Levi, S., Fargion, S., Ferrari, M., and Arosio, P.
26. Comments on 'capillary zone electrophoresis for determination of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin in human serum' (multiple letters)
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Tagliaro, F., Bortolotti, F., isabella fermo, Germagnoli, L., Soldarini, A., Dorigatti, F., and Paroni, R.
27. USE OF MASS-SPECTROMETRY AND ADVANCED CHROMATOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF REFERENCE AND DEFINITIVE METHODS IN CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
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Kienle, Mg, Paroni, R., Fulvio Magni, Ceriotti, F., Franzini, C., and Bonini, Pa
28. MOLECULAR AND CLINICAL BIO-MARKERS IN A SERIES OF 48 CONSECUTIVE SKULL BASE CHORDOMA PATIENTS
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La Corte, E., Patane, M., Campisi, G. M., Paroni, R. C., Serrao, G., Milanesi, I. M., Visintini, S., Ferroli, P., Ghidoni, R., and Bianca Pollo
29. Dimethylarginines in critically ill patients with severe sepsis or septic shock
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Albicini, M., Corbella, D., Giudici, R., Umbrello, M., Pavlovic, P., isabella fermo, Paroni, R., and Iapichino, G.
30. DETERMINATION OF SERUM GLUCOSE BY ISOTOPE-DILUTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY - CANDIDATE DEFINITIVE METHOD
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Fulvio Magni, Paroni, R., Bonini, Pa, and Kienle, Mg
31. Total plasma homocysteine analysis by HPLC with SBD-F precolumn derivatization
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isabella fermo and Paroni, R.
32. Human CD34+ cells express CXCR4 and its ligand stromal cell-derived factor-1. Implications for infection by T-cell tropic human immunodeficiency virus
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Aiuti, A., Turchetto, L., Cota, M., Cipponi, A., Brambilla, A., Arcelloni, C., Paroni, R., Elisa Vicenzi, Bordignon, C., and Poli, G.
33. Prostate cancer and novel ways to deliver melatonin
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Bonomini, F., Paroni, R., Elisa Borsani, Castrezzati, S., Fraschini, F., Lonati, C., Finati, E., and Samaja, M.
- Abstract
Prostate cancer is the major cause of cancer death in men and angiogenesis has been shown to play a critical role in the progression of the disease. The anticancer activity of the indole melatonin (MT) has been explained to be due to its immunomodulatory, anti-prolferative and anti-oxidant effects, whereas at present no data are available about its possible influence on the angiogenesis in prostatic cancer, which has been shown to be one of the main biological mechanisms responsible for tumor dissemination [1]. Hence, this study tested whether MT is active in prostate cancer therapy and speculated about the possible mechanism underlying this activity. Moreover, alternative ways to deliver the indole molecule were also evaluated. To this purpose, an in vivo model of human prostate tumor LNCaP cells xenografted into nude athymic mice was used. MT has been administered i.p. as saline (1 mg/kg, n=13) and encapsulated into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) (1mg/kg n=13) or transdermally by Criopass therapy (4 mg/kg, n=14). For all treatments the administration schedule was for 6 weeks, 3 treatments for week. For each treatment controls were also included. At the end animals were sacrificed and the tumors evaluated for size, morphology and biochemical markers. The mean tumor volume/body weight (2.62±1.92 mm3/g, n=49 ) of all MT-treated groups at sacrifice was significantly lower vs controls (5.98±1.56 mm3/g, n=25). Vascularization was impaired in all MT treated tumors, and nuclear positivity for Ki 67, a cellular marker for proliferation, showed a decrease. Laser treatment alone showed a mild effect, magnified by MT addition. In conclusion we confirmed the efficacy of MT in impairing cancer angiogenesis and proliferation and the efficacy of different alternative and novel ways to deliver MT on prostate tumor which use may be easily transferred also to clinical trials on humans., Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology, Vol 118, No 2 (Supplement) 2013
34. 35th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes : Brussels, Belgium, 28 September-2 October 1999
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Melander, A., Olsson, J., Lindberg, G., Salzman, A., Howard, T., Stang, P., Lydick, E., Emslie-Smith, A., Boyle, D. I. R., Evans, J. M. M., Macdonald, T. M., Bain, J., Sullivan, F., Ad Darts Memo, Morris For The Collaboration, Juhl, C., Porksen, N., Sturis, J., Hollingdal, M., Pincus, S., Veldhuis, J., Dejgaard, A., Schmitz, O., Kristensen, J. S., Frandsen, K. B., Bayer, Th, Muller, P., Dunning, B. E., Paladini, S., Gutierrez, C., Deacon, R., Valentin, M., Grunberger, G., Weston, W. M., Patwardhan, R., Rappaport, E. B., Sargeant, L. A., Wareham, N. J., Khaw, K. T., Zethelius, Bjorn, Lithell, Hans, Hales, C. Nicholas, Berne, Christian, Lakka, H-M, Oksanen, L., Tuomainen, T-P, Kontula, K., Salonen, J. T., Dekker, J. M., Boks, P., Vegt, F., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Nijpels, G., Bouter, L. M., Heine, R. J., Bruno, G., Cavallo-Perin, P., Bargero, G., D Errico, N., Borra, M., Macchia, G., Pagano, G., Newton, R. W., Ruta, D. A., New, J. P., Wallace, C., Roxburgh, M. A., Young, R. J., Vaughan, N. J. A., Elliott, P., Brennan, G., Devers, M., Macalpine, R., Steinke, D., Lawson, D. H., Decallonne, B., Casteels, K., Gysemans, C., Bouillon, R., Mathieu, C., Linn, Thomas, Strate, Christine, Schneider, Kerstin, Funda, D. P., Jirsa, M. Jr, Kozakova, H., Kaas, A., Kofronova, O., Tlaskalova-Hogenova, H., Buschard, K., Wanka, H., Hartmann, A., Kuttler, B., Rasmussen, S. B., Sorensen, T. S., Markholst, H., Petersen, J. S., Karounos, D., Dyrberg, T., Mabley, J. G., Hasko, G., Szabo, C., Seissler, J., Nguyen, T. B. T., Steinbrenner, H., Scherbaum, W. A., Cipriani, R., Gabriele, A., Sensi, M., Guidobaldi, L., Pantellini, F., Cerrito, M. G., Scarpa, S., Di Mario, U., Morano, S., Ceolotto, G., Iori, E., Baritono, E., Del Prato, S., Semplicini, A., Trevisan, R., Zerbini, G., Meregalli, G., Asnaghi, V., Tentori, F., Maestroni, A., Mangili, R., Marescotti, C., Vedovato, M., Tiengo, A., Tadjieva, J., Mankovsky, B. N., Aken, S., Raes, A., Vande Walle, J., Matthys, D., Craen, M., Hansen, H. 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J., Quinones Galvan, A., Simeoni, M., Basu, A., Uosukainen, A., Makimattila, S., Schlenzka, A., Adler, A. I., Levy, J., Stevens, R., Matthews, D., Holman, R., Boland, B. J., Jeanjean, M., Hermans, M. P., Maudoigt, C., Tonglet, R., Robert, A., Cini, G., Galetta, F., Sanna, G., Gernone, F., Janssen, M. J., Gonera, R. K., Wolffenbuttel, B. H. R., Leeuw, P. W., Schaper, N. C., Moleda, P., Kuczerowski, R., Czech, A., Taton, J., Taddei, S., Patiag, D., Qu, X., Wilkes, M., Gray, S., Seale, J. P., Donnelly, R., Campion, J., Maestro, B., Davila, N., Carranza, M. C., Calle, C., Hales, C. N., Fernandez-Real, J. M., Grasa, M., Pugeat, M., Barret, C., Ricart, W., Lindmark, S., Olsson, T., Tufvesson, M., Loeblein, K., Mehnert, B., Haering, H. 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S., Murphy, L., Rodger, N. W., Ross, S. A., Ryan, E., Yale, J-F, Wolever, T. M. S., Haller, T., Elias, I., Segal, P., Standi, E., Rybka, J., Sencer, E., Schlcnzka, A., Vakkilainen, J., Tsaglis, H., Ioannidis, I., Giakoumaki, A., Amantou, A., Komitopoulos, N., Georgiou, S., Varsamis, E., Katsilambros, N., El Gayar, M., Shereba, N., Botros, R., Fikry, R., Jackson, D., Balme, M., Silva-Nunes, J., Alves, J., Bogalho, P., Gardete-Correia, L., Nunes-Correa, J., Kot Atkova, A., Nemcova, D., Vrbikova, J., Zamrazil, V., Meyer, L., Delbachian, I., Lehert, P., Cugnardey, N., Drouin, P., Guerci, B., Wagner, O. F., Jones, N. P., Vallance, S. E., Thompson, K. A., Miller, A. K., Inglis, A. M. L., Patterson, S., Jorkasky, D., Freed, M. I., Mathisen, A. L., Schneider, R., Rubin, C., Houser, V., Beebe, K. L., Kortboyer, J. M., Eckland, D. J. 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E., Niekerk, N., Rosenkranz, B., Schoenle, E., Hoe, Study Group, Witthaus, Elke, Bradley, Clare, Stewart, John, Barbeau, M., Myers, S., Flora, D., Dimarchi, R., Chance, R., Plum, A., Larsen, P. S., Larsen, U. D., Kristensen, J. B., Jansen, J. A., Olsen, B., Mortensen, H., Hylleberg, B., Jacobsen, L. V., Gall, M-A, Sogaard, B., Ewing, F. M., Ireland, R. H., Hoogwerf, B., Raskin, P., Jovanovic, L., Leiter, L., Boss, A. H., Bott, U., Ebrahim, S., Hirschberger, S., Leukel, P., Sieber, H. J., Mcgill, J., Kilo, C., Kamp, N. M., Wutte, A., Le Thai, F., Balarac, N., Allicar, M. P., Cazeneuve, B., Augendre, B., Wise, S. D., Seah, E. S., Koivisto, V., Torlone, E., Del Sindaco, P., Ciofetta, M., Hedman, C., Orre Pettersson, A-C, Lindstrom, T., Cernigoi, A. M., Kong, N., Kitchen, M. M., Ryder, R. E. 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35. On the stability of the helicoidal configuration in ribbons subjected to combined traction and twist
- Author
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Riccardo Barsotti, Roberto Paroni, Giuseppe Tomassetti, Barsotti, R., Paroni, R., and Tomassetti, G.
- Subjects
Mechanics of Materials ,Applied Mathematics ,Mechanical Engineering ,Modeling and Simulation ,Slender structure ,General Materials Science ,Mathematics::Differential Geometry ,Rod ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Stability ,Thin strips - Abstract
A one-dimensional model endowed with an energy that generalizes Sadowsky's is used to study ribbons subjected to a combination of traction and twist and to fully characterize the set of equilibrium configurations having constant curvatures. A stability analysis for the helicoidal configuration identifies a critical point at which spiral configurations branch out. A stability analysis then shows that the part of the helicoidal branch corresponding to tractions larger than the value identifying the critical point is stable.
- Published
- 2022
36. Alterations in Circulating Fatty Acid Are Associated With Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis
- Author
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Marina Saresella, Ivana Marventano, Monica Barone, Francesca La Rosa, Federica Piancone, Laura Mendozzi, Alessia d'Arma, Valentina Rossi, Luigi Pugnetti, Gabriella Roda, Eleonora Casagni, Michele Dei Cas, Rita Paroni, Patrizia Brigidi, Silvia Turroni, Mario Clerici, Saresella M., Marventano I., Barone M., La Rosa F., Piancone F., Mendozzi L., d'Arma A., Rossi V., Pugnetti L., Roda G., Casagni E., Cas M.D., Paroni R., Brigidi P., Turroni S., and Clerici M.
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Lipopolysaccharide ,Gut flora ,Butyric acid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cecum ,0302 clinical medicine ,T-Lymphocyte Subsets ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,cytokine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Intestinal Mucosa ,Barrier function ,Original Research ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,caproic acid ,Fatty Acids ,Biodiversity ,dysbiosis ,Middle Aged ,Flow Cytometry ,short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,multiple sclerosi ,Female ,Disease Susceptibility ,medicine.symptom ,Adult ,lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Multiple Sclerosis ,Immunology ,T lymphocytes ,Inflammation ,Permeability ,03 medical and health sciences ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Caproates ,gut microbiota ,dysbiosi ,Fatty acid ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,cytokines ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,lcsh:RC581-607 ,Dysbiosis ,Biomarkers ,Chromatography, Liquid ,Transcription Factors ,butyric acid ,030215 immunology - Abstract
Background: Butyric acid (BA) is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) with anti-inflammatory properties, which promotes intestinal barrier function. Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA), including caproic acid (CA), promote TH1 and TH17 differentiation, thus supporting inflammation. Aim: Since most SCFAs are absorbed in the cecum and colon, the measurement of BA in peripheral blood could provide information on the health status of the intestinal ecosystem. Additionally, given the different immunomodulatory properties of BA and CA the evaluation of their serum concentration, as well as their ratio could be as a simple and rapid biomarker of disease activity and/or treatment efficacy in MS. Methods: We evaluated serum BA and CA concentrations, immune parameters, intestinal barrier integrity and the gut microbiota composition in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) comparing result to those obtained in healthy controls. Results: In MS, the concentration of BA was reduced and that of CA was increased. Concurrently, the microbiota was depleted of BA producers while it was enriched in mucin-degrading, pro-inflammatory components. The reduced serum concentration of BA seen in MS patients correlated with alterations of the barrier permeability, as evidenced by the higher plasma concentrations of lipopolysaccharide and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein, and inflammation. Specifically, CA was positively associated with CD4+/IFNγ+ T lymphocytes, and the BA/CA ratio correlated positively with CD4+/CD25high/Foxp3+ and negatively with CD4+/IFNγ+ T lymphocytes. Conclusion: The gut microbiota dysbiosis found in MS is possibly associated with alterations of the SCFA/MCFA ratio and of the intestinal barrier; this could explain the chronic inflammation that characterizes this disease. SCFA and MCFA quantification could be a simple biomarker to evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic and rehabilitation procedures in MS.
- Published
- 2020
37. Macroscopic and Microscopic Behavior of Narrow Elastic Ribbons
- Author
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Roberto Paroni, Giuseppe Tomassetti, Paroni, R., and Tomassetti, G.
- Subjects
Power series ,Physics ,Condensed matter physics ,Mechanical Engineering ,Ribbons ,02 engineering and technology ,Relaxed energy ,01 natural sciences ,Elasticity ,010101 applied mathematics ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Mechanics of Materials ,Ribbon ,Plate theory ,General Materials Science ,0101 mathematics ,Elasticity (economics) - Abstract
A one-dimensional model for a narrow ribbon is derived from the plate theory of Kirchhoff by means of a power expansion in the width variable. The energy found coincides with the corrected Sadowsky’s energy. Furthermore, we derive the Euler-Lagrange equations and use them to study an equilibrium configuration of a twisted ribbon. Within this example we also describe how to construct the fine scale oscillations that develop in the deformed configuration.
- Published
- 2019
38. Increased intestinal permeability precedes clinical onset of type 1 diabetes
- Author
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Maria Grazia Radaelli, Isabella Fermo, L. Folini, M. R. Pastore, Lorenzo Piemonti, Emanuele Bosi, Rita Paroni, Laura Molteni, Elena Bazzigaluppi, Bosi, Emanuele, Molteni, L, Radaelli, Mg, Folini, L, Fermo, I, Bazzigaluppi, E, Piemonti, Lorenzo, Pastore, Mr, and Paroni, R.
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Disease ,Biology ,Permeability ,Reference Values ,Settore BIO/10 - Biochimica ,Immunopathology ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Enteropathy ,Intestinal Mucosa ,Child ,Aged ,Subclinical infection ,Autoimmune disease ,Type 1 diabetes ,Intestinal permeability ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Islet antibodies ,Pre-clinical diabetes ,Intestines ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ,Intestinal Absorption ,Immunology ,Female - Abstract
Recent observations have shown subclinical intestinal abnormalities in human type 1 diabetes. Whether these are related to the pathogenetic process or secondary to the diabetes remains to be clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate this issue by examining intestinal permeability to sugars in subjects at different stages of type 1 diabetes: preclinical, new-onset and long-term established disease. Eighty-one subjects with islet autoimmunity (18 preclinical, 28 new-onset and 35 long-term type 1 diabetes) and 40 healthy control subjects were investigated by a lactulose-mannitol test, consisting of oral administration of the two sugars and measurement of their urinary excretion. All groups of subjects with islet autoimmunity showed an increase in intestinal permeability (p
- Published
- 2006
39. Insulin resistance and endothelial function are improved after folate and vitamin B12 therapy in patients with metabolic syndrome: relationship between homocysteine levels and hyperinsulinemia
- Author
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Altin Palloshi, Pietro Lucotti, Fulvio Magni, Rita Paroni, Isabella Fermo, PierMarco Piatti, Sabrina Costa, Gabriele Fragasso, Lucilla D. Monti, Emilia P. Sandoli, Emanuela Setola, M. Galli-Kienle, Anna Origgi, Alberto Margonato, Elena Galluccio, Setola, E, Monti, Ld, Galluccio, E, Palloshi, A, Fragasso, G, Paroni, R, Magni, F, Sandoli, Ep, Lucotti, P, Costa, S, Fermo, I, Galli Kienle, M, Origgi, A, Margonato, Alberto, Piatti, P., Monti, L, Sandoli, E, Kienle, M, Margonato, A, and Piatti, P
- Subjects
Male ,Hyperhomocysteinemia ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Homocysteine ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,insulin, folate, vitamin B12 ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Folic Acid ,Endocrinology ,Insulin resistance ,Risk Factors ,Hyperinsulinism ,Internal medicine ,Hyperinsulinemia ,Humans ,Medicine ,Aged ,Metabolic Syndrome ,business.industry ,Insulin ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,BIO/10 - BIOCHIMICA ,Vitamin B 12 ,B vitamins ,chemistry ,Hematinics ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,Endothelium, Vascular ,Metabolic syndrome ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was (a) to study whether a folate and vitamin B12 treatment, aimed at decreasing homocysteine levels, might ameliorate insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome according to the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel-III criteria and (b) to evaluate whether, under these metabolic conditions, there is a relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia and insulin resistance. DESIGN AND METHODS: A double-blind, parallel, identical placebo-drug, randomized study was performed for 2 months in 50 patients. Patients were randomly allocated to two groups. In group 1, patients were treated with diet plus placebo for 2 months. In group 2, patients were treated with diet plus placebo for 1 month, followed by diet plus folic acid (5 mg/day) plus vitamin B12 (500 microg/day) for another month. RESULTS: In group 2, folate treatment significantly decreased homocysteine levels by 27.8% (12.2+/-1.2 vs 8.8+/-0.7 micromol/l; P
- Published
- 2004
40. Combination of intravesical chemotherapy and hyperthermia for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer: preliminary clinical experience
- Author
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Andrea Salonia, Richard Naspro, Renzo Colombo, Massimo Freschi, Patrizio Rigatti, Michele Pavone-Macaluso, L. Da Pozzo, Rita Paroni, Colombo, R, Salonia, Andrea, Da Pozzo, Lf, Naspro, R, Freschi, M, Paroni, R, Pavone Macaluso, M, Rigatti, P., Salonia, A, Da Pozzo, L, Pavone-Macaluso, M, and Rigatti, P
- Subjects
Oncology ,Hyperthermia ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Chemotherapy ,Bladder cancer ,Urinary bladder ,business.industry ,Hyperthermia, Induced ,Hematology ,medicine.disease ,Combined Modality Therapy ,Surgery ,Regimen ,Administration, Intravesical ,Treatment Outcome ,Cell killing ,Transitional cell carcinoma ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,intravesical chemotherapy, hyperthermia, bladder cancer ,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ,business ,Adjuvant - Abstract
The prevalence of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (STCCB) is still increasing in spite of improved adjuvant chemotherapic and/or immunoprophylaxis approaches. Thus, there is certainly an urgent need to improve our ability to control this disease. Local hyperthermia has a therapeutical potential for the treatment of many solid tumors, especially when used in combination with other treatments, such as radiation and chemotherapy. In particular, a synergistic or, at least, supra-additive antitumor cell killing effect was documented when local hyperthermia was administered in combination with selected cytostatic drugs. Recently, advances in miniaturized technology have allowed the development of a system specifically designed for delivering an endovesical thermo-chemotherapy regimen in humans. In preliminary clinical experiences, insofar mainly carried out as mono-institutional investigations, the combined treatment using this system was demonstrated to be feasible, minimally invasive and safe when performed on out-patient basis. Moreover, the anti-tumoral efficacy seemed to be significantly enhanced when compared with that obtained using intravesical chemotherapy alone for both adjuvant (prophylaxis) and neo-adjuvant (ablative) approaches to superficial bladder cancer. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2003
41. High-performance liquid chromatographic purification and capillary electrophoresis quantification of the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1
- Author
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C. Arcelloni, Arcadi Cipponi, Rita Paroni, Alessandro Aiuti, Arcelloni, C, Aiuti, Alessandro, Cipponi, A, and AND PARONI, R.
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Chemokine ,Chromatography ,Stromal cell ,biology ,Chemistry ,Electrophoresis, Capillary ,Chemotaxis ,General Chemistry ,High-performance liquid chromatography ,Chemokine CXCL12 ,Cell Line ,law.invention ,Amino acid ,Chemotaxis, Leukocyte ,Mice ,Capillary electrophoresis ,law ,biology.protein ,Recombinant DNA ,Animals ,Humans ,Stromal cell-derived factor 1 ,Chemokines, CXC ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - Abstract
Chemokines are members of the chemotactic cytokines family implicated in various immunoregulatory functions. The CXC-chemokine stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1alpha) was purified from the culture medium of murine bone marrow stromal cell line (MS-5) by affinity and reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Yield and purity were assessed by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with reference to the human SDF-1alpha from recombinant DNA technology. CE technique was useful to evaluate the purity of human SDF-1alpha from chemical synthesis and to resolve murine and human SDF-1alpha, differing by only one amino acid. Chemotactic activity of the murine SDF-1alpha was tested on the basis of CE quantification.
- Published
- 1999
42. Effects of an acute increase in plasma triglyceride levels on glucose metabolism in man
- Author
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P. M. Piatti, Guido Pozza, L. Baruffaldi, S. Costa, Fulvio Magni, G. Santambrogio, Rita Paroni, Monica Marchi, Antonio E. Pontiroli, M. Galli-Kienle, Isabella Fermo, Lucilla D. Monti, R. Nasser, Piatti, P, Monti, L, Baruffaldi, L, Magni, F, Paroni, R, Fermo, I, Costa, S, Santambrogio, G, Nasser, R, Marchi, M, Kienle, M, Pontiroli, A, and Pozza, G
- Subjects
Adult ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,Fat Emulsions, Intravenous ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Glucose uptake ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Biology ,Carbohydrate metabolism ,Triglyceride ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Endocrinology ,Lipid oxidation ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Triglycerides ,Pancreatic hormone ,Insulin ,Fatty Acids ,Hypertriglyceridemia ,Metabolism ,medicine.disease ,BIO/10 - BIOCHIMICA ,Forearm ,Glucose ,Liver ,chemistry ,Oxidation-Reduction - Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of an acute increase in triglyceride levels induced by Intralipid (Kabivitrum, Stockholm, Sweden) infusion on forearm glucose uptake, glucose oxidative metabolism, and hepatic glucose production independent of circulating free fatty acid (FFA) levels in man. Six normal subjects underwent three different tests in random order. Each test consisted of a control period of 120 minutes followed by a euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic clamp lasting 120 minutes. In test 1, a high-dose intravenous Intralipid infusion was performed to increase triglyceride and FFA levels. In test 2, heparin (30 U/min) plus low-dose Intralipid infusions were performed to maintain triglyceride at normal levels and increase only FFA levels. Test 3 was performed as a control study. During the 120-minute control period, forearm glucose uptake and hepatic glucose production were not affected by increasing only FFA levels (test 2) or FFA and triglyceride levels (test 1) as compared with the control study. On the contrary, glucose oxidation was significantly decreased as compared with the control study during tests 1 and 2, without a further significant decrease during simultaneously increased FFA and triglyceride levels. Concomitantly, lipid oxidation was similar in tests 1 and 2, at values significantly greater than in test 3. During the euglycemic clamp, forearm glucose uptake and glucose oxidation were significantly lower during tests 1 and 2 than test 3. At variance with the control period, the increase of triglyceride levels during test 1 caused a significant 30% to 40% decrease of both parameters as compared with test 2. Opposite results were found for lipid oxidation, which remained unchanged during test 1 as compared with the control period but significantly decreased during tests 2 and 3. Hepatic glucose production was less inhibited during test 1 than during tests 2 and 3, and less so during test 2 than test 3. In conclusion, at least under these particular conditions, acute hypertriglyceridemia induced by Intralipid infusion seems to decrease forearm glucose uptake, glucose oxidation, and insulin-induced suppressibility of hepatic glucose production. Taking our results together, it seems that the triglyceride effect on carbohydrate metabolism occurs via triglyceride hydrolysis using the intracellular pathways of FFA without interference with the circulating FFA pool. © 1995.
- Published
- 1995
43. Determination of Serum Glucose by Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry: Candidate Definitive Method
- Author
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Marzia Galli Kienle, Fulvio Magni, Rita Paroni, P. A. Bonini, Magni, F, Paroni, R, Bonini, P, and Kienle, M
- Subjects
Quality Control ,Blood Glucose ,Sample purification ,Analyte ,Chromatography ,Chemistry ,Coefficient of variation ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Single step ,Isotope dilution ,Indicator Dilution Technique ,Mass spectrometry ,Mass Spectrometry ,Serum glucose ,Mole ,Human - Abstract
We report a rather simple method to determine glucose concentration in serum, using isotope dilution mass spectrometry and [13C6]glucose as internal standard. The procedure involves a single step of sample purification and the conversion of the analyte into its aldononitrile pentaacetate. The between-day and within-day contribution to total variance for a single measurement was determined by assaying Standard Reference Material (SRM) 909 serum. The method was then applied to measurement of glucose concentration in three lyophilized sera: SRM 909 and two other commercially available sera. In the two studies, the concentration of SRM 909 serum was found to be 0.8% above and 0.3% below the reported value (6.25 mmol/L), respectively; the overall coefficient of variation for determinations in all sera ranged from 0.37% to 0.56%. The precision and the accuracy of the method satisfy the requirements for a Definitive Method.
- Published
- 1992
44. Tight glycemic control does not affect asymmetric-dimethylarginine in septic patients
- Author
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Maura Albicini, Giovanni Mistraletti, Radmila Pavlovich, Giacomo Bellani, Luciano Gattinoni, Antonio Pesenti, Massimo Cugno, Isabella Fermo, F. Sacconi, Gaetano Iapichino, Michele Umbrello, Rita Paroni, Iapichino, G, Albicini, M, Umbrello, M, Sacconi, F, Fermo, I, Pavlovich, R, Paroni, R, Bellani, G, Mistraletti, G, Cugno, M, Pesenti, A, and Gattinoni, L
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Resuscitation ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Arginine ,intensive care unit ,Sepsis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Anesthesiology ,Intensive care ,medicine ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Insulin ,MED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIA ,Intensive care medicine ,Glycemic ,Aged ,Septic shock ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Intensive Care Units ,Treatment Outcome ,chemistry ,Anesthesia ,Hyperglycemia ,glycemic control ,Female ,sepsi ,Asymmetric dimethylarginine ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether preventing hyperglycemia in septic patients affected the plasma concentration of asymmetric-dimethylarginine and if this was associated with clinical benefit. DESIGN: A prospective, multicenter, randomized, controlled, clinical study. SETTING: Intensive care units (ICU) in three university hospitals. PATIENTS: A total of 72 patients admitted for severe sepsis or septic shock, who stayed at least 3 days in the ICU. At admission the patients were assigned to receive either tight or conventional glycemic control. INTERVENTIONS: Determination of circulating levels of asymmetric-dimethylarginine, arginine, interleukin-6, C-reactive-protein and tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Blood was sampled at admission (no differences between groups), and on the 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th (T12) days. Sequential organ failure assessment was scored at each sampling time. All the data were analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis. The control and treatment groups received the same energy intake, glycemia (110.4 +/- 17.3 vs. 163.0 +/- 28.9 mg/dL, P < 0.001) and insulin (P = 0.02) supply differed. No differences were found in high plasma levels of asymmetric-dimethylarginine (P = 0.812) at any time during the ICU stay. The clinical course, as indicated by markers of inflammation, average and maximum organ failure score, ICU stay and ICU and 90-day mortality, was the same. CONCLUSIONS: Intensive insulin treatment, while achieving glucose control, did not reduce asymmetric-dimethylarginine in high-risk septic patients fed with no more than 25 kcal/kg per day to limit ventilatory demand and to simplify glucose control.
- Published
- 2008
45. Treating hyperglycemia improves skeletal muscle protein metabolism in cancer patients after major surgery
- Author
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Marcello De Cicco, Gianni Biolo, D. Fantin, Stefania Lorenzon, Viviana Dal Mas, Michela Zanetti, Gaetano Iapichino, Gianfranco Guarnieri, Rita Paroni, Rocco Barazzoni, Biolo, Gianni, De Cicco, M, Lorenzon, S, Dal Mas, V, Fantin, D, Paroni, R, Barazzoni, Rocco, Zanetti, Michela, Iapichino, G, and Guarnieri, Gianfranco
- Subjects
Blood Glucose ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Critical Care ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Glucose uptake ,Glutamine ,Phenylalanine ,Protein metabolism ,Muscle Proteins ,Cancer Care Facilities ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Arginine ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Insulin resistance ,Postoperative Complications ,Leucine ,Intensive care ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,Insulin ,Amino Acids ,Muscle, Skeletal ,protien metabolism ,Cross-Over Studies ,business.industry ,Skeletal muscle ,Middle Aged ,Overweight ,medicine.disease ,Combined Modality Therapy ,Surgery ,Protein catabolism ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Abdominal Neoplasms ,Hyperglycemia ,Female ,Parenteral Nutrition, Total ,Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ,hyperglycemia ,cancer patients ,Insulin Resistance ,business ,Energy Metabolism - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Cancer and surgical stress interact to aggravate insulin resistance, protein catabolism, and glutamine depletion in skeletal muscle. We compared the effects of insulin-mediated euglycemia and moderate hyperglycemia on kinetics of protein and selected amino acids in skeletal muscle of female cancer patients after major surgery. DESIGN: In each patient, a 24-hr period of insulin-mediated tight euglycemia (mean blood glucose, 5.8 +/- 0.4 mmol/L) preceded or followed a 24-hr control period of moderate hyperglycemia (mean blood glucose, 9.6 +/- 0.6 mmol/L) on the first and second day after surgery, in randomized order, according to a crossover experimental design. SETTING: Intensive care unit, cancer hospital. PATIENTS: Cancer patients after abdominal radical surgery combined with intraoperative radiation therapy. INTERVENTIONS: Intensive (57 +/- 11 units/24 hrs) and conventional (25 +/- 5 units/24 hrs) insulin treatment during total parenteral nutrition. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Muscle metabolism was assessed at the end of each 24-hr period of euglycemia and of hyperglycemia by leg arteriovenous catheterization with stable isotopic tracers. We found that euglycemia as compared with hyperglycemia was associated with higher (p < .05) fractional glucose uptake (16% +/- 4% vs. 9% +/- 3%); higher (p < .05) muscle protein synthesis and neutral net protein balance (-3 +/- 3 vs. -11 +/- 3 nmol phenylalanine x 100 mL(-1) x min(-1), respectively); lower (-52% +/- 12%, p < .01) muscle nonprotein leucine disposal (an index of leucine oxidation) and higher (p < .05) plasma leucine concentrations; and higher (3.6 +/- 1.7 times, p < .01) net de novo muscle glutamine synthesis and plasma glutamine concentrations (p < .05). Euglycemia was associated with higher (23% +/- 7%, p < .05) plasma concentrations of arginine but did not affect either arginine release from muscle or plasma concentration and muscle flux of asymmetrical dimethylarginine. Rate of muscle proteolysis correlated (p < .05) with muscle release of asymmetrical dimethylarginine. CONCLUSIONS: Treating hyperglycemia improves skeletal muscle protein and amino acid metabolism in cancer patients after major surgery.
- Published
- 2008
46. Lactulose and mannitol intestinal permeability detected by capillary electrophoresis
- Author
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Andrea Mosca, Laura Molteni, Emanuele Bosi, Rita Paroni, M. R. Pastore, Laura Folini, Isabella Fermo, Paroni, R, Fermo, I, Molteni, L, Folini, L, Pastore, Mr, Mosca, A, and Bosi, Emanuele
- Subjects
Adult ,Adolescent ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Laxative ,Urine ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Excretion ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Lactulose ,Capillary electrophoresis ,Bromide ,Settore BIO/10 - Biochimica ,medicine ,Humans ,Mannitol ,Solid phase extraction ,Intestinal permeability ,Settore BIO/12 - Biochimica Clinica e Biologia Molecolare Clinica ,Chromatography ,Electrophoresis, Capillary ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ,chemistry ,Intestinal Absorption ,Case-Control Studies ,Calibration ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Aim of this study was to set up a method by capillary electrophoresis to detect lactulose and mannitol in urine after an oral load, and to estimate the intestinal permeability in controls and in type I diabetes patients. The underivatized carbohydrates were monitored by indirect UV detection using sorbate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and LiOH as background electrolyte. Urines were purified by solid phase extraction, shaken with cation exchange resin, filtered and analysed. Carbohydrates migrated in10 min in relation to their pK(a) and M(r). Controls (n = 33) and patients (n = 23) had an excretion ratio lactulose/mannitol 0.025 (0.018-0.051) and 0.067 (0.050-0.127), respectively (p0.01, median, interquartile range).
- Published
- 2005
47. Denaturing HPLC profoling of the ABCA4 gene for reliable detection of allelic variations
- Author
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Maurizio Ferrari, Rosario Brancato, Elisabetta Martina, Laura Cremonesi, Stefania Stenirri, Silvia Galbiati, Maria Pia Manitto, Isabella Fermo, Rita Paroni, Rando Allikmets, Nadia Soriani, Stefania Battistella, Stenirri S, 1. 4. 5., Fermo, I, Battistella, S, Galbiati, S, Soriani, N, Paroni, R, Manitto, Mp, Martina, E, Brancato, R, Allikmets, R, Ferrari, Maurizio, and Cremonesi, L.
- Subjects
Genetics ,Denaturing hplc ,Electrophoresis ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,biology ,Genotype ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Clinical Biochemistry ,ABCA4 ,Phenotype ,Exon ,Macular Degeneration ,Settore BIO/10 - Biochimica ,Mutation ,biology.protein ,Humans ,ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ,Allele ,Gene ,Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis ,Alleles ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Background: Mutations in the retina-specific ABC transporter (ABCA4) gene have been associated with several forms of macular degenerations. Because the high complexity of the molecular genotype makes scanning of the ABCA4 gene cumbersome, we describe here the first use of denaturing HPLC (DHPLC) to screen for ABCA4 mutations. Methods: Temperature conditions were designed for all 50 exons based on effective separation of 83 samples carrying 86 sequence variations and 19 mutagenized controls. For validation, samples from 23 previously characterized Stargardt patients were subjected to DHPLC profiling. Subsequently, samples from a cohort of 30 patients affected by various forms of macular degeneration were subjected to DHPLC scanning under the same conditions. Results: DHPLC profiling not only identified all 132 sequence alterations previously detected by double-gradient denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis but also identified 5 sequence alterations that this approach had missed. Moreover, DHPLC scanning of an additional panel of 30 previously untested patients led to the identification of 26 different mutations and 29 polymorphisms, accounting for 203 sequence variations on 29 of the 30 patients screened. In total, the DHPLC approach allowed us to identify 16 mutations that had never been reported before. Conclusions: These results provide strong support for the use of DHPLC for molecular characterization of the ABCA4 gene.
- Published
- 2004
48. Body weight and glucose metabolism have a different effect on circulating levels of ICAM-1, E-selectin, and endothelin-1 in humans
- Author
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Rita Paroni, Dario Giugliano, Paola Vedani, Antonio E. Pontiroli, Katherine Esposito, Monica Marchi, Pierluigi Pizzocri, C. Arcelloni, Diana Koprivec, Pontiroli, Ae, Pizzocri, P, Koprivec, D, Vedani, P, Marchi, M, Arcelloni, C, Paroni, R, Esposito, Katherine, and Giugliano, Dario
- Subjects
Adult ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system diseases ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Matched-Pair Analysis ,Carbohydrate metabolism ,Biology ,Endocrinology ,Weight loss ,Reference Values ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Glucose Intolerance ,Weight Loss ,medicine ,Humans ,Endothelial dysfunction ,Glycated Hemoglobin ,Endothelin-1 ,Body Weight ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ,Obesity ,Endothelin 1 ,Obesity, Morbid ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Regression Analysis ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Insulin Resistance ,E-Selectin ,Body mass index ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation are present in both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. In this paper we compared the role of weight loss and of glycaemic control in determining circulating levels of ICAM-1, endothelin-1 (ET-1), and E-selectin in patients with morbid (grade 3) obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS: ICAM-1, E-selectin, and ET-1 were higher in obese patients (n=96) than in lean controls (n=30); among obese patients, the three molecules were higher in T2DM patients (n=26) than in patients with normal (NGT, n=43) or impaired (IGT, n=27) glucose tolerance. Sixty-eight obese patients had a significant weight loss induced by bariatric surgery, and showed a significant decrease in blood glucose, HbA1c and all molecules, so that ICAM-1, E-selectin, and ET-1 were not different in NGT, IGT and T2DM patients, and in lean controls; in 13 patients with a small weight loss induced by diet, changes were not significant, in spite of a significant reduction in blood glucose and HbA1c. At stepwise regression, changes in ICAM-1, ET-1, and E-selectin significantly correlated only with change in body mass index. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that weight loss is more important than glycaemic control in regulating circulating levels of ICAM-1, ET-1, E-selectin in morbidly obese subjects.
- Published
- 2004
49. Denaturing HPLC analysis of DNA deletions and insertions
- Author
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Maurizio Ferrari, Mario Cazzola, Paolo Arosio, Isabella Fermo, Stefania Stenirri, Rita Paroni, Laura Cremonesi, Cremonesi, L, Stenirri, S, Fermo, I, Paroni, R, Ferrari, Maurizio, Cazzola, M, and Arosio, P.
- Subjects
Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ,ABCA4 ,Gene mutation ,Nucleic Acid Denaturation ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Genetics ,Humans ,Nucleotide ,Cation Transport Proteins ,Gene ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Genetics (clinical) ,Denaturing hplc ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,DNA ,Amplicon ,Rod Cell Outer Segment ,Molecular biology ,Mutagenesis, Insertional ,chemistry ,Ferritins ,biology.protein ,ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ,Chromosome Deletion ,5' Untranslated Regions ,Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ,Heteroduplex - Abstract
Denaturing HPLC (DHPLC) is a useful technique for the fast screening of known and unknown heterozygous gene mutations. Most DNA mutations causing genetic disorders consist of nucleotide substitutions, but insertions and deletions occur, albeit less frequently. The heteroduplexes with insertions/deletions have gaps that may affect molecular stability differently from the mismatches caused by substitutions. Therefore, gaps and mismatches may be distinguished by DHPLC analysis, which is based on the differential thermal stability of amplicons with different characteristics. To verify this hypothesis, we examined 12 DNA samples containing insertions and deletions of different sizes (one to 29 residues) from four different genes (ABCA4, CFTR, FTL, and SLC11A3). We found that all of them were detected by DHPLC runs at 50°C, which is considered a non-denaturing temperature, as well as by runs at the temperature optimized for mismatch recognition. The finding confirms that gaps reduce heteroduplex stability more than mismatches, and indicates that DHPLC analysis at low temperature may be applied to distinguish DNA deletions/insertions from substitutions. Hum Mutat 22:98–102, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
- Published
- 2003
50. Acute intravenous L-arginine infusion decreases endothelin-1 levels and improves endothelial function in patients with angina pectoris and normal coronary arteriograms - Correlation with asymmetric dimethylarginine levels
- Author
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Isabella Fermo, Elena Galluccio, Alberto Margonato, Sergio Chierchia, Emanuela Setola, Guido Pozza, Lucilla D. Monti, Gabriele Fragasso, Pietro Lucotti, Rita Paroni, PierMarco Piatti, Piatti, Pm, Fragasso, G, Monti, Ld, Setola, E, Lucotti, P, Fermo, I, Paroni, R, Galluccio, E, Pozza, G, Chierchia, S, and Margonato, Alberto
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Blood Pressure ,Arginine ,Coronary Angiography ,Nitric Oxide ,Angina Pectoris ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Bolus (medicine) ,Forearm ,Physiology (medical) ,Cardiac syndrome X ,medicine ,Humans ,Insulin ,Infusions, Intravenous ,Saline ,Cyclic GMP ,Endothelin-1 ,business.industry ,Syndrome ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Endothelin 1 ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Regional Blood Flow ,Anesthesia ,Female ,Endothelium, Vascular ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Asymmetric dimethylarginine ,Endothelin receptor ,business - Abstract
Background— We tested the hypothesis that asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels could be elevated and influence endothelin-1 and nitric oxide release and action in patients with cardiac syndrome X (CSX). In addition, we evaluated whether an intravenous infusion of l -arginine would improve endothelial function in these subjects. Methods and Results— Nine patients with CSX and 14 control subjects underwent a continuous infusion of l -arginine (0.125 g/min) or saline for 120 minutes. Sixty minutes after l -arginine or saline infusions, an intravenous insulin bolus (0.1 U/kg) combined with a euglycemic clamp was performed. Basal ADMA and endothelin-1 levels were higher in patients with CSX than in controls. At the end of the first hour of infusion, compared with saline, l -arginine infusion increased basal forearm blood flow, nitrite and nitrate (NOx), and forearm cGMP release and decreased endothelin-1. After insulin bolus, during saline, insulin-induced NOx, endothelin-1, and forearm cGMP release was almost abolished. Conversely, l -arginine restored a physiological profile of all endothelial variables compared with control subjects. In control subjects, compared with saline infusion, l -arginine infusion did not modify any parameter. ADMA levels were positively correlated with basal endothelin-1 levels and negatively correlated with insulin-induced incremental levels of NOx and forearm cGMP release. Conclusions— Plasma ADMA levels are increased in patients with CSX, and they are correlated with increases in endothelin-1 and reductions in insulin-induced increments in plasma NOx and cGMP, effects that are reversed by intravenous l -arginine. These data suggest that increased ADMA levels play a role in the abnormal vascular reactivity that is observed in patients with CSX.
- Published
- 2003
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