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ObjectiveOnline resources can be a valuable source of information for patients and have been shown to result in more inquiry during medical office visits, following physician medical recommendation more closely, and making self-directed lifestyle changes. The accessibility to these resources is limited by the readability level of the article and the literacy level of the population. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is estimated to affect between 8 and 12 million people in the United States with greater disease severity among under insured or uninsured populations. As PAD continues to increase in prevalence, it is imperative that patients have access to comprehensible patient-centered health information. This study aims to evaluate the readability of online PAD patient education materials.MethodsThe search engine Google was used to collect the first 25 patient-accessible online articles pertaining to the search term "peripheral artery disease." Articles were then categorized by source type: hospital, professional society, or other. Readability was measured using the following tests: Automated Readability Index, Coleman-Liau Index, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Gunning Fog, Linsear Write Formula, and the SMOG Index. Statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Analysis Software, with P values less than .05 being statistically significant.ResultsTwenty-five articles were categorized by source and statistically analyzed. The average readability of PAD patient education materials was 10.8 and significantly above the American Medical Association, National Institutes of Health, and US Department of Health and Human Services recommended reading level of sixth grade. Readability scores among source categories were not significantly different.ConclusionsCommonly available online PAD resources are written at a grade level above that currently recommended by medical societies. Hospitals, professional societies, and other stakeholders in PAD patient education should take into consideration the readability of their materials to make medicine more accessible. Readable articles may combat the historic and structural racism often found in our health care system that marginalizes those with lower health literacy. It is imperative to develop patient education at an appropriate level to enrich patient autonomy.

Objectives Extracardiac vascular disease (ECVD) is increasingly recognized as a cardiovascular risk factor, but its association with outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been well characterized. Methods Using the National Inpatient Sample database, all patients undergoing PCI between October 2015 and December 2018 were stratified by the presence and organ- specific extent of extracardiac vascular comorbidity (cerebrovascular disease (CeVD), renovascular, aortic and peripheral arterial disease (PAD)). Primary outcome was all-cause mortality and secondary outcomes were (a) major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), (b) acute ischemic stroke and (c) major bleeding. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results Of a total of 1, 403, 505 patients undergoing PCI during the study period, 199, 470 (14.2%) had ECVD. Patients with ECVD were older (median of 72 years vs. 70 years, p < 0.001) and had higher comorbidity burden that their counterparts. All cause-mortality was 22% higher in patients with any ECVD compared to those without ECVD. PAD patients had the highest odds of all-cause mortality (aOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.40-1.56), followed by those with CeVD (aOR 1.15, 95% CI 1.10-1.19). Patients with extracardiac disease had increased odds of MACCE, ischemic stroke and bleeding, irrespective of the nature or extent (p < 0.05), compared to patients without ECVD. Conclusion ECVD is associated with worse outcomes in patients undergoing PCI including significantly higher rates of death and stroke. These data should inform our shared decision-making process with our patients.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi apakah variabel Daya Tarik Wisata variabel Akomodasi, dan variabel Produk Domestik Regional Bruto berpengaruh terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah di Kota/Kabupaten Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan data sekunder berupa data panel, yaitu gabungan antara data cross section (22 Kota/Kabupaten) dan time series (Tahun 2018-2021). Berdasarkan hasil regresi Random Effect Model (REM), Daya Tarik Minat Khusus terbukti secara signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap PAD dengan koefisien 0.0114438, sedangkan Daya Tarik Alam, Budaya dan Buatan terbukti tidak berpengaruh parsial terhadap PAD. Selain itu, Akomodasi terbukti tidak berpengaruh terhadap PAD. Namun, variabel PDRB terbukti secara signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap PAD dengan nilai koefisien 0.5385161. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa sektor pariwisata, khususnya daya Tarik Wisata Minat Khusus dapat mendorong peningkatan PAD. Kemudian, peningkatan PDRB atau pertumbuhan ekonomi menunjukkan peningkatan perndapatan perkapita yang juga menggambarkan peningkatan kemampuan masyarakat untuk membayar pajak atau retribusi. Terlebih lagi, produsen yang meningkatkan produksi atau mengembangkan bisnisnya, sebagai respon peningkatan permintaan akan output mereka, dapat berkontribusi pada PAD melalui pengeluaran yang juga merupakan komponen pajak atau retribusi daerah. This study aims to examine the effect of Tourism Attraction, Accommodation, and Regional Gross Domestic Product (GRDP) on District Own Source Revenue in East Nusa Tenggara. This study uses a quantitative approach with secondary data in the form of panel data, which is a combination of cross-sectional data 22 (cities/regencies in the East Nusa Tenggara province) and time series (2018 to 2021). This study found that Special Interest Tourism Activities (beside Natural, Culture, Artificial Tourism Attraction) is proven to have a significant positive effect on PAD with a coefficient of 0.0114438 and GRDP has positive and significant effect on PAD, while Accommodation is proven to have no effect on PAD. The conclusions drawn from this study include that Special Interest Tourism Attraction serves as a platform for tourists with specific motivations or those who seek new experiences or want to be part of the activities or creations offered by the tourist destinations. This indicates that tourism can contribute to efforts to increase PAD. The low contribution of the accommodation sector to the economy through GDP and the existence of informal accommodations that are not recorded as contributors to local taxes or fees are also observed. An increase in GDP or economic growth indicates an increase in per capita income, which can enhance the ability of the community to pay local taxes or fees. In addition, producers who aim to increase output or business development, due to the increased demand for their output, can contribute to PAD through their expenditures, which are also components of local taxes or fees.

Several studies have investigated various biomarkers in relation to peripheral artery disease (PAD) for disease stratification and early-onset detection. In PAD, angiogenesis is required for tissue restoration and tissue perfusion. Considering changes in angiogenesis in patients with PAD, angiogenic factors could be explored as one of the new prognostic molecules. In recent studies, saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) have gained recognition as new, easily obtained diagnostic materials. This study aimed to compare the levels of selected circulating angiogenic factors (VEGF-A, PDGF-BB, and ANG-1) in unstimulated whole saliva (WS) and GCF versus plasma at three points in time to find possible correlations between their concentrations among patients with PAD and diabetes type 2 in 32 patients with Rutherford stages 5 and 6. A significant positive correlation has been demonstrated between circulating PDGF-BB levels in GCF and plasma. In most cases, comorbidities do not have an impact on the change in general correlation for the whole group. Our results clearly showed that GCF could be a good source for PDGF assessment. However, future studies with a larger number of subjects are warranted to confirm this finding and identify the most accurate angiogenic biomarkers in saliva or GCF that could be applied in clinical practice.

Regional economic growth can be calculated and predicted through the magnitude of the figures listed in the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) table. GRDP is defined as the totality of the accumulation of goods and services produced by a region in its economic cycle. GRDP at constant prices is used as a reference in calculating the economic growth rate of a region. To analyze the direct effect of regional original income and revenue sharing on direct spending through economic growth and to analyze the indirect effect on regional original income and revenue sharing on the rate of economic growth., Pertumbuhan Ekonomi daerah dapat dikalkulasi serta diprediksikan melaui besaran angka yang tercantum dalam Tabel Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB). PDRB diartikan sebagai totalitas dari akumulasi barang dan jasa yang dihasilkan daerah pada siklus perekonomiannya. PDRB atas dasar harga konstan dijadikan acuan dalam mengkalkulasi angka Pertumbuhan Ekonomi suatu daerah. Untuk menganalisis pengaruh langsung Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) dan Dana Bagi Hasil terhadap Belanja Langsung melalui Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tidak langsung terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) dan Dana Bagi Hasil terhadap laju Pertumbuhan Ekonomi.

This study aims to analyze the effect of taxes, population, and GRDP on local revenue (PAD) in Central Java Province in 2013-2019. The data panel with the fixed effect method was run to analyze the data using the help of the EViews v.11 program. Objects are 35 regencies/cities in Central Java Province. The dependent variable is Regional Original Income (PAD); while district/city taxes in Central Java Province, total population, and GRDP are independent variables. The results of this study indicate that taxes and GRDP have a positive and significant effect on PAD, while population has a positive but not significant effect on PAD in Central Java Province.

Background The goal of this study was to investigate the potential determinants of 18F-NaF uptake in femoral arteries as a marker of arterial calcification in patients with type 2 diabetes and a history of arterial disease. Methods and Results The study consisted of participants of a randomized controlled trial to investigate the effect of vitamin K2 (NCT02839044). In this prespecified analysis, subjects with type 2 diabetes and known arterial disease underwent full body 18F-NaF PET/CT. Target-to-background ratio (TBR) was calculated by dividing the mean SUVmax from both superficial femoral arteries by the SUVmean in the superior vena cava (SVC) and calcium mass was measured on CT. The association between 18F-NaF TBR and cardiovascular risk factors was investigated using uni- and multivariate linear regression corrected for age and sex. In total, 68 patients (mean age: 69 ± 8 years; male: 52) underwent 18F-NaF PET/CT. Higher CT calcium mass, total cholesterol, and HbA1c were associated with higher 18F-NaF TBR after adjusting. Conclusion This study shows that several modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HbA1c) are associated with femoral 18F-NaF tracer uptake in patients with type 2 diabetes.

This paper presents a novel material spectroscopy approach to facial presentation–attack–defense (PAD). Best-in-class PAD methods typically detect artifacts in the 3D space. This paper proposes similar features can be achieved in a monocular, single-frame approach by using controlled light. A mathematical model is produced to show how live faces and their spoof counterparts have unique reflectance patterns due to geometry and albedo. A rigorous dataset is collected to evaluate this proposal: 30 diverse adults and their spoofs (paper-mask, display-replay, spandex-mask and COVID mask) under varied pose, position, and lighting for 80,000 unique frames. A panel of 13 texture classifiers are then benchmarked to verify the hypothesis. The experimental results are excellent. The material spectroscopy process enables a conventional MobileNetV3 network to achieve 0.8% average-classification-error rate, outperforming the selected state-of-the-art algorithms. This demonstrates the proposed imaging methodology generates extremely robust features.

This evaluation shows the main advantages related to the introduction of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in Italian clinical practice for the management of incisions in vascular surgery in patients suffering from peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and at risk of postoperative complications, compared to treatment with traditional dressings. A health technology assessment (HTA) activity was conducted assuming the hospital perspective, within a 12-month time horizon. The nine EUnetHTA Core Model dimensions were deeply explored, using scientific evidence on the topic, real-life data, and healthcare professionals’ perceptions. The evaluation shows that the use of NPWT has had a positive impact in terms of higher clinical effectiveness and safety profile. The process mapping highlights how NPWT allows a reduction of 2.5 hospitalization days compared with standard dressing, with the consequent benefits considering economic, organizational, and social aspects. A significant economic saving per patient emerged, with an overall optimization of the patient’s clinical pathway, impacting positively on the hospital’s capacity. The budget impact analysis shows that the higher number of patients treated with NPWT, the higher the economic advantages. Furthermore, assuming the patient’s perspective, it would generate an overall reduction in social costs of 28%. In conclusion, the results of this study provide helpful evidence-based information to policymakers through examinations of the relative values of intervention, thus supporting the overall hospital and institutional decision-making process to define appropriate areas of investments, leading to the achievement of not only higher clinical outcomes, but also important social, economic, and organizational advantages.

Background Dysregulated complement activation, increased protein citrullination, and production of autoantibodies against citrullinated proteins are hallmarks of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Citrullination is induced by immune cell-derived peptidyl-Arg deiminases (PADs), which are overactivated in the inflamed synovium. We characterized the effect of PAD2- and PAD4-induced citrullination on the ability of the plasma-derived serpin C1-inhibitor (C1-INH) to inhibit complement and contact system activation. Methods Citrullination of the C1-INH was confirmed by ELISA and Western blotting using a biotinylated phenylglyoxal probe. C1-INH-mediated inhibition of complement activation was analyzed by C1-esterase activity assay. Downstream inhibition of complement was studied by C4b deposition on heat-aggregated IgGs by ELISA, using pooled normal human serum as a complement source. Inhibition of the contact system was investigated by chromogenic activity assays for factor XIIa, plasma kallikrein, and factor XIa. In addition, autoantibody reactivity to native and citrullinated C1-INH was measured by ELISA in 101 RA patient samples. Results C1-INH was efficiently citrullinated by PAD2 and PAD4. Citrullinated C1-INH was not able to bind the serine protease C1s and inhibit its activity. Citrullination of the C1-INH abrogated its ability to dissociate the C1-complex and thus inhibit complement activation. Consequently, citrullinated C1-INH had a decreased capacity to inhibit C4b deposition via the classical and lectin pathways. The inhibitory effect of C1-INH on the contact system components factor XIIa, plasma kallikrein, and factor XIa was also strongly reduced by citrullination. In RA patient samples, autoantibody binding to PAD2- and PAD4-citrullinated C1-INH was detected. Significantly more binding was observed in anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)-positive than in ACPA-negative samples. Conclusion Citrullination of the C1-INH by recombinant human PAD2 and PAD4 enzymes impaired its ability to inhibit the complement and contact systems in vitro. Citrullination seems to render C1-INH more immunogenic, and citrullinated C1-INH might thus be an additional target of the autoantibody response observed in RA patients.

Kontext: Geringe Adhärenz zur Physiotherapie ist in der Behandlung von Patient*innen mit pAVK ein bekanntes Problem. Mögliche Gründe dafür wurden aber nur in wenigen Studien erforscht und dabei selten näher auf die Lebensumstände der Betroffenen eingegangen. Diese Studie befasst sich mit den subjektiven Empfindungen und Erlebnissen von Betroffenen und geht dabei auf die Motivation zu therapeutischen Maßnahmen ein. Methode: Drei Personen, die an einer pAVK litten, wurden in semistrukturierten Interviews zu den Themen pAVK, psychosoziale Faktoren und Bewegungstherapie befragt. Die Ergebnisse wurden anhand der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse den Kategorien Symptome, pAVK- beitragende Faktoren, bisherige medizinische Maßnahmen, Information/ Aufklärung, Selbstwirksamkeit, Sozialleben, Herausforderungen im Alltag, Bezug zu körperlicher Aktivität, Unmut/ Kritik, aktuelle Maßnahmen/ Therapien, Adhärenz, Empfinden der Physiotherapie und Motivation zugeteilt und mit der aktuellen Literatur und Guidelines verglichen. Ergebnisse: Initial wurde keiner der Befragten zur Physiotherapie zugewiesen, nur einer befand sich nach einem operativen Eingriff in physiotherapeutischer Behandlung. Die Teilnehmer*innen berichteten von mangelnder Aufklärung und wiesen geringen Selbstwirksamkeitsglauben auf. Die größten Einschränkungen resultierten aus der verringerten Gehstrecke, besonders Belastend wurden diese bei starken Schmerzen wahrgenommen. Dies kann zu sozialer Isolation führen, wenn eine Anpassung nicht möglich ist. Terminliche Komplikationen und subjektive Störfaktoren wurden als hinderlich für die Durchführung therapeutischer Maßnahmen empfunden, Motivationsfördernd hingegen die Unterstützung durch das soziale Umfeld. Schlussfolgerung: Ob Physiotherapie in Österreich den ESC Guidelines verschrieben wird muss genauer untersucht werden. Auf Patient*innenedukation ist mehr Aufmerksamkeit zu setzen und aktuelle Standards diesbezüglich müssen überprüft werden. In der Therapie sollte auf individuelle Probleme und Ressourcen näher eingegangen werden. Daraufhin kann gemeinsam mit den Betroffenen ein Maßnahmenplan erstellt werden, der sich in deren Lebenswelt integriert. Context: Low adherence rates to physiotherapy is a well-known problem in the treatment of patients with PAD. However, only a few studies have investigated possible reasons behind nonadherence and rarely took a closer look at the circumstances of patients. This study aims to investigate the subjective feelings and experiences of patients and addresses the motivation for therapeutic measures. Methods: Three people suffering from PAD took part in semistructured interviews on the three main topics PAD, psychosocial factors and exercise therapy. Using qualitative content analysis, the results were categorized as symptoms, PAD- contributing factors, previous medical treatment, information/ education, self-efficacy, social life, challenges in daily life, relation to physical activity, displeasure/ criticism, current measures/ therapies, adherence, perception of physical therapy and motivation. In the next step the results were compared with current literature and guidelines. Results: In none of the cases physical therapy was prescribed as first line therapy, only one participant took part in physical therapy after undergoing vascular surgery. Participants reported a lack of theraputic education and exhibited low self-efficacy. The main restrictions resulted from reduced walking distance, which was perceived as particularly burdensome in the presence of severe pain. The fear of walking distances can lead to social isolation if adaptation cannot be achieved. Time management and the feeling of disturbance were described as barriers to the implementation of exercise. A Supporting social enviroment, however, was said to be motivating. Conclusion: Whether physiotherapy in Austria is prescribed according to the ESC guidelines needs to be investigated more closely. More attention has to be drawn to patient education and current standards have to be reviewed. In therapy, individual problems and resources should be addressed. Then an individual exercise schedule can be developed to better fit their life circumstances.

Leaf area is a key structural characteristic of forest canopies because of the role of leaves in controlling many biological and physical processes occurring at the biosphere-atmosphere transition. High pulse density Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) holds promise to provide spatially resolved and accurate estimates of plant area density (PAD) in forested landscapes, a key step in understanding forest functioning: phenology, carbon uptake, transpiration, radiative balance etc. Inconsistencies between different ALS sensors is a barrier to generating globally harmonised PAD estimates. The basic assumption on which PAD estimation is based is that light attenuation is proportional to vegetation area density. This study shows that the recorded extinction strongly depends on target detectability which is influenced by laser characteristics (power, sensitivity, wavelength). Three different airborne laser scanners were flown over a wet tropical forest at the Paracou research station in French Guiana. Different sensors, flight heights and transmitted power levels were compared. Light attenuation was retrieved with an open source ray-tracing code (http://amapvox.org). Direct comparison revealed marked differences (up-to 25% difference in profile-averaged light attenuation rate and 50% difference at particular heights) that could only be explained by differences in scanner characteristics. We show how bias which may occur under various acquisition conditions can generally be mitigated by a sensor intercalibration. Alignment of light weight lidar attenuation profiles to ALS reference attenuation profiles is not always satisfactory and we discuss what are the likely sources of discrepancies. Neglecting the dependency of apparent light attenuation on scanner properties may lead to biases in estimated vegetation density commensurate to those affecting light attenuation estimates. Applying intercalibration procedures supports estimation of plant area density independent of acquisition characteristics.

The sporting goods sector can serve as a proving ground for new technologies. We propose that climbing shoes are an excellent case study for showcasing a systematic approach to bio-inspired design. Foot adaptations to climbing have been described before in some animals and have even been incorporated into bio-inspired products. However, there has not yet been a systematic description of climbing adaptations in mammals, and especially in rock climbing species. We present a description of foot morphology in mammals and compare rock climbing species to those with other locomotion types. Our results show that rock climbing species in our sample had fewer digits and larger anterior pads than arboreal species. Rock climbing species often had hooves or, if they had foot pads, these were relatively smooth. These examples look a bit like current climbing shoe designs, perhaps suggesting convergent evolution. However, there was also variation, with rock climbing species having pads varying in shape, placement and texture. Much of this variation is likely to be dependent on the relatedness of species, with those that are more related having more similar feet. We suggest that incorporation of novel textures and compliant pads might be an interesting focus for future climbing shoe designs.

The purpose of this study was to measure how weight is distributed in the pads of each of the 4 limbs of dogs and evaluate the intra-investigator reproducibility and inter-investigator reliability of the measurement method. Eight dogs were examined 3 times a day by 3 investigators at 1 week intervals for 3 weeks to determine the weight distribution to each of the pads. The force-sensitive resistor was used for measurement and specific software (PetLAB2) was used to calculate the weight applied to each pad. The intra-investigator reproducibility showed moderate to good reliability (ICC range, 0.575-0.873) and the inter-investigator reliability was moderate (ICC range, 0.525-0.746). Based on this study, it can be observed whether the weight distributed to each pad approaches the normal value after treatment in patients with orthopaedic and neurologic diseases. It is expected that this experimental method will be one of the objective indicators to evaluate the degree of recovery in patients with orthopaedic and neurologic diseases.

Despite the long history of fingerprint biometrics and its use to authenticate individuals, there are still some unsolved challenges with fingerprint acquisition and presentation attack detection (PAD). Currently available commercial fingerprint capture devices struggle with non-ideal skin conditions, including soft skin in infants. They are also susceptible to presentation attacks, which limits their applicability in unsupervised scenarios such as border control. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) could be a promising solution to these problems. In this work, we propose a digital signal processing chain for segmenting two complementary fingerprints from the same OCT fingertip scan: One fingerprint is captured as usual from the epidermis (“outer fingerprint”), whereas the other is taken from inside the skin, at the junction between the epidermis and the underlying dermis (“inner fingerprint”). The resulting 3D fingerprints are then converted to a conventional 2D grayscale representation from which minutiae points can be extracted using existing methods. Our approach is device-independent and has been proven to work with two different time domain OCT scanners. Using efficient GPGPU computing, it took less than a second to process an entire gigabyte of OCT data. To validate the results, we captured OCT fingerprints of 130 individual fingers and compared them with conventional 2D fingerprints of the same fingers. We found that both the outer and inner OCT fingerprints were backward compatible with conventional 2D fingerprints, with the inner fingerprint generally being less damaged and, therefore, more reliable.

Pad se prema Svjetskoj zdravstvenoj organizaciji definira kao događaj koji rezultira nenamjernim odmaranjem osobe na tlu, podu ili drugoj nižoj razini. Globalno, padovi su veliki javnozdravstveni problem. Procjenjuje se da se svake godine dogodi 684 000 smrtonosnih padova, što pad čini drugim vodećim uzrokom smrti od nenamjernih ozljeda, nakon ozljeda u prometu. Cilj studije je istražiti stavove medicinskih sestara/ tehničara o prevenciji padova pacijenata. Specifični ciljevi studije jesu istražiti povezanost razine obrazovanja sa stavovima o prevenciji padova pacijenata te istražiti povezanost učestalosti padova pacijenata sa radnim mjestom. Ispitanici istraživanja bili su medicinske sestre/ tehničari (N=150) u razdoblju od travnja do kolovoza 2022. Za potrebe istraživanja autori su izradili upitnik koji su ispitanici rješavali putem online platforme, a rezultati upitnika bili su anonimni. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da stavovi medicinskih sestara/ tehničara o prevenciji padova ne ovise o razini obrazovanja, no da postoji razlika o učestalosti padova s obzirom na radno mjesto. According to the World Health Organization, a fall is defined as an event that results in a person unintentionally resting on the ground, floor or other lower level. Globally, falls are a major public health problem. An estimated 684,000 fatal falls occur each year, making falls the second leading cause of unintentional injury death, after traffic injuries. The aim of the study is to investigate the views of nurses/technicians on the prevention of patient falls. The specific objectives of the study are to investigate the relationship between the level of education and attitudes about the prevention of patient falls and to investigate the relationship between the frequency of patient falls and the workplace. The respondents of the research were nurses/technicians (N=150) in the period from April to August 2022. For the purposes of the research, the authors created a questionnaire that the respondents answered via an online platform, and the results of the questionnaire were anonymous. The research determined that the attitudes of nurses/technicians on the prevention of falls do not depend on the level of education, but that there is a difference in the frequency of falls with regard to the workplace.

There is a strong need for biomarkers of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in all phases of the patient’s journey and to enable the implementation of precision medicine strategies to improve patient care. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of anti-protein-arginine deiminase (PAD) 4 IgG and IgA in the sera of RA patients and disease controls, and to investigate their association with joint erosion and biological treatment use. Sera from 104 RA and 155 controls were tested for the presence of anti-PAD4 IgG and IgA using a new particle-based multi-analyte technology (PMAT). Information on the erosive disease and biological treatment use was available for 54 of the RA patients, who were also tested for anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA). An association between the autoantibodies and these clinical features was investigated. Anti-PAD4 showed sensitivity and specificity values of 25.0% and 94.2% for IgG and of 21.2% and 94.8% for IgA for RA, respectively. The levels of these antibodies were also significantly higher in RA patients vs. controls, in erosive RA vs. non-erosive disease, and in patients under biologics vs. patients that were not on this treatment regimen. The anti-PAD4 IgG and IgA levels were correlated (rho = 0.60, p < 0.0001), but individuals that were positive for only one of the two isotypes were also observed. Anti-PAD4 IgG and IgA are associated with severe RA, and they represent valuable biomarkers for prognosis prediction and patient stratification.

Pertumbuhan ekonomi memegang peranan yang sangat penting. Tak terkecuali pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah yang juga menopang pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional. Salah satu tolak ukur pertumbuhan ekonomi suatu daerah adalah tingkat Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor Pendapatan Asli Daerah, Dana Alokasi Khusus, Dana Alokasi Umum, Penanaman Modal Asing, dan tenaga kerja terhadap PDRB Sumatra. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan data panel dari sepuluh provinsi di Sumatra. Berdasarkan Uji Chow dan Uji Hausman, model terbaik untuk mengestimasi model PDRB Sumatra adalah Fixed Effect Model (FEM). Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Penerimaan Asli Daerah tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap PDRB, sedangkan keempat faktor lainnya memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap PDRB.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukan apakah dana alokasi umum (DAU) dan pendapatan asli daerah (PAD) secara parsial dan simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Belanja Daerah pada Provinsi Sumatera Utara dan untuk mengetahui apakah terjadi Flypaper Effect pada Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan model kuantitatif asosiatif kausal dimana data yang digunakan bersumber dari data sekunder yaitu dokumen Laporan Realisasi Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Daerah pada tahun 2013 sampai 2016. Adapun penelitian ini memberikan hasil yaitu yang pertama memperlihatkan bahwa dana alokasi umum (DAU) dan pendapatan asli daerah (PAD) secara parsial berpengaruh terhadap Belanja Daerah pada Provinsi Sumatera Utara dengan nilai thitung 21,367 > ttabel 1,993 dan nilai signifikansi variabel DAU adalah 0,000, thitung 8,367 < ttabel 1,993 dan nilai signifikansi variabel PAD adalah 0,000 dimana nilai ini lebih kecil dari 0,05 dan secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Belanja Daerah pada Provinsi Sumatera Utara dengan nilai Fhitung adalah 10,087 > Ftabel 3,12, dengan signifikansi 0,014 yang lebih kecil dari 0,05. Kedua, Adanya Flypaper Effect pada Belanja Daerah pada Provinsi Sumatera Utara yang meliputi belanja daerah pada 15 pemerintahan Kota dan Kabupaten di Sumatera Utara. Pada hasil perhitungan statistik menunjukan kemampuan variabel independen dalam menerangkan variasi perubahan variabel dependen sebesar 96,67% sedangkan sisanya sebesar 3,3% diterangkan oleh faktor-faktor lain di luar model regresi yang dianalisis.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pajak penerangan jalan, pajak reklame dan retribusi daerah dan laba Badan Usaha Milik Daerah terhadap pendapatan asli daerah (PAD) Kabupaten Aceh Timur. Menggunakan data sekuder dari BPKAD Aceh Timur tahun 2007-2019. Model yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Y = 116.329,546 + 21,015 X1 + 387,821 X2 -0,116 X3 + 18,861 X4, Secara parsial Pajak Penerangan Jalan, Pajak Reklame, laba badan usaha milik daerah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pendapatan asli daerah. Sedangkan retribusi daerah tidak memberi pengaruh yang nyata terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah. Secara simultan Pajak Penerangan Jalan, Pajak Reklame, Retribusi Daerah dan Laba Badan Usaha Milik Daerah berpengaruh signifikan. Nilai korelasi (R) adalah 0,968. Nilai R Square adalah 93,8% menunjukkan bahwa Pajak Penerangan Jalan, Pajak Reklame, Retribusi Daerah dan laba badan usaha milik daerah terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah adalah 93,8% dan sisanya 6,2% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain di luar penelitian ini.

DPAL data and information for Boston University

A modified Delphi study that aims to find consensus- criteria for irremediable psychiatric suffering in the context of PAD.

Method development and validation for HPLC analysis of Levofloxacin

DPAL data and information for Boston University

Distributed Pharmaceutical Analysis Lab

Distributed Pharmaceutical Analysis Lab

Pendapatan asli daerah merupakan salah satu faktor yang penting dalam pelaksanaan roda pemerintahan suatu daerah yang berdasar pada prinsip otonomi yang nyata, luas dan bertanggung jawab. Peranan pendapatan asli daerah dalam keuangan daerah menjadi salah satu tolak ukur penting dalam pelaksanaan otonomi daerah dalam arti semakin besar suatu daerah memperoleh dan menghimpun Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD), maka akan semakin besar pula tersedia jumlah keuangan daerah yang dapat digunakan untuk membiayai penyelenggarakan otonomi daerah.

Distributed Pharmaceutical Analysis Lab