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Perampanel (PER) is the first clinically available selective antagonist of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor approved globally for the treatment of epilepsy. Studies have recently underlined the significant association between dose-exposure-effect-adverse events of PER in patients with epilepsy, so the therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of PER is critical in clinical practices, especially for pediatric patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Due to several limits in previous published analytical methods, herein, we describe the development and validation of a novel liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for monitoring PER in human plasma samples. Protein precipitation method by acetonitrile containing PER-d5 as internal standard was applied for the sample clean-up. Formic acid (FA, 0.2 mM) in both aqueous water and acetonitrile were used as the mobile phases and the analyte was separated by an isocratic elution. Qualification and quantification were performed under positive electrospray ionization (ESI) mode using the m/z 350.3 → 219.1 and 355.3 → 220.0 ions pairs transitions for PER and PER-d5, respectively. Potential co-medicated anti-seizure medications (ASMs) have no interference to the analysis. Calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 1.00–2,000 ng mL−1 for PER. The intra- and inter-batch precision, accuracy, recovery, dilution integrity, and stability of the method were all within the acceptable criteria and no matrix effect or carryover was found. This method was then successfully implemented on the TDM of PER in Chinese children with drug-resistant epilepsy. We firstly confirmed the apparent inter- and intra-individual PER concentration variabilities and potential drug-drug interactions between PER and several concomitant ASMs occurred in Chinese pediatric patients, which were also in line with previous studies in patients of other race.

This paper constructed a new model by integrating the product design factors into the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), which aimed to investigate the relationship between the design elements of the household blood glucose meter and the use intention of the elderly users. 184 valid samples were collected and the software of SPSS 23.0 and SPSSAU online were used to test the model and hypotheses. The results are shown as below: (1) Older people's perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) toward household blood glucose meter has a significantly positive effect on their use intention (UT); Older people's perceived ease of use (PEOU) toward household blood glucose meter has a significantly positive effect on their perceived usefulness(PU); (2) The functional design(FD) factors of household blood glucose meter has a significant positive effect both on older people's perceived usefulness(PU) and on their perceived ease of use (PEOU), and it also has a positive effect on older people’s use intention (UT) directly; The appearance design (AD) factors of household blood glucose meter has a significant positive effect both on older people's perceived ease of use (PEOU) and on their perceived usefulness (PU); And the interaction design (ID) factors of household blood glucose meter has a weakly negative effect on older people's perceived ease of use (PEOU) and has a weakly positive effect on their perceived usefulness (PU); (3) The past-experience (UX) of older people has no moderating effect between use perception and use intention (UT) of household blood glucose meter. Finally, some reasonable suggestions are given from product design based on the quantitative analysis to make the design of the home blood glucose meter more consistent with the cognition of the elderly users, so as to improve the interest of blood sugar self monitoring in elderly diabetes group, shape their healthy living and lifestyle.

This conceptual paper examines the role of government policies and initiatives in driving IoT adoption among stakeholders in the creative industries in China. The creative industries, including sectors such as design, advertising, architecture, fashion, film, and gaming, play a vital role in China's economy, contributing to economic growth, job creation, and innovation. Government interventions can have a significant impact on fostering IoT adoption within these industries. Financial incentives and subsidies provided by the government alleviate the financial burden associated with adoption, while collaboration platforms and knowledge exchange initiatives facilitate networking and the sharing of best practices. However, challenges such as excessive regulation and lack of tailored support need to be addressed. Future recommendations include tailoring policies, streamlining regulations, enhancing financial support, encouraging collaboration platforms, and investing in research and development. Lessons learned emphasize the importance of tailored policies, collaboration and knowledge exchange, flexibility and standardization, and continued investment in research and development.

This paper aims to explore the ethical challenges emerging from the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the creative industries. As the application of IoT continues to grow, questions about data privacy, security, and intellectual property rights become paramount. By examining existing literature and industry examples, this paper presents a comprehensive overview of these ethical issues and suggests potential strategies for their mitigation.

In our previous study, anaerobic digestion of food waste could be effectively enhanced by adding sulfidated nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI) under high-strength ammonia concentrations. In this study, in order to further elucidate the specific interactive effects of S-nZVI and ammonia on anaerobic digestion of nitrogen-rich food waste, the methanogenic performance of anaerobic digestion systems respectively added with nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and S-nZVI were compared and monitored under different ammonia stress conditions. Both nZVI and S-nZVI could effectively stimulate the methanogenesis process among ammonia concentrations ranging from 0 to 3500 mg/L. However, the enhancing effects of S-nZVI and nZVI on anaerobic digestion of food waste were different, in which anaerobic digestion systems added with S-nZVI and nZVI performed best under 2500 mg/L of ammonia and 1500 mg/L of ammonia, respectively. Furthermore, the analysis of microbial communities suggested that ammonia stress enriched acetoclastic methanogens, while adding nZVI and S-nZVI into anaerobic digestions stimulated the process of hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. Moreover, S-nZVI performed better in promoting the evolution of DIET-related microorganisms than nZVI, resulting in enhanced methane production under high ammonia-stressed conditions. This work provided fundamental knowledge about the interactive effects of S-nZVI and ammonia on the anaerobic digestion of food waste.

MFI twin crystals on b-axis oriented zeolite MFI nanosheet films were suppressed in the presence of dihydroxybenzene isomers. The resulting films presented an ultra-thin grain thickness of 30–45 nm within hours.

This paper focuses on the determination of vigabatrin in human plasma. This work could support therapeutic drug monitoring of vigabatrin in children with infantile spasms and provide useful information on clinical practice, which may facilitate dose adjustments.

Graft modifications of PVDF fluoropolymers have been identified as the efficient route to improve the properties and expand the applications. Taking advantage of C-F and C-Cl bonds in the repeat units, atom transfer radical polymerizations (ATRP) were widely used for graft modification. Recently, photoinduced ATRP has shown good spatial and temporal control over the polymerization process in contrast to thermal activation mode. This minireview highlights the progress in PVDF-based fluoropolymer modifications by using photoinduced Cu(II)-mediated ATRP and organocatalyzed ATRP. The challenges and opportunities are proposed with the aim at advancing the development of synthesis and applications of fluoropolymer.

Transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation (AH) is a growing field and a fundamental tool for the construction of chiral compounds. The use of earth-abundant transition metals in AH reactions remains generally limited but has received increased attention in recent years due to cost, sustainability, and environmental concerns. Here, we will summarize progress in first row transition metal catalyzed AH of minimally functionalized alkenes, including scope, mechanism, and challenges in this field.1 Introduction2 Ti-Catalyzed AH of Minimally Functionalized Alkenes3 Zr-Catalyzed AH of Minimally Functionalized Alkenes4 Co-Catalyzed AH of Minimally Functionalized Alkenes5 Fe-Catalyzed AH of Minimally Functionalized Alkenes6 Summary and Outlook

Hemicellulose and its derivatives have attracted extensive attention as packaging materials and various methods have been utilized to improve its film formation properties. To make use of the byproduct in dissolving pulp production, hemicellulose collected from waste water was modified by carboxymethylation and blended with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to prepare composite film by solution casting method. Potassium cinnamate (PC) was further incorporated to endow the film with antibacterial activity. The properties of the composite films were characterized. Due to the good compatibility and intermolecular interactions, the composite film exhibited moderate oxygen barrier property (3.64-12.21 cm

The recently established prime editor (PE) system is regarded as next-generation gene-editing technology. This methodology can install any base-to-base change as well as insertions and deletions without the requirement for double-stranded break formation or donor DNA templates; thus, it offers more targeting flexibility and greater editing precision than conventional CRISPR-Cas systems or base editors. In this study, we introduce the basic principles of PE and then review its most recent progress in terms of editing versatility, specificity, and efficiency in mammals. Next, we summarize key considerations regarding the selection of PE variants, prime editing guide RNA (pegRNA) design rules, and the efficiency and accuracy evaluation of PE. Finally, we highlight and discuss how PE can assist in a wide range of biological studies and how it can be applied to make precise genomic corrections in animal models, which paves the way for curing human diseases.

Due to the fluctuation and intermittency of wind power resources, large-scale wind power integration brings serious challenges to power systems. Among the existing short-term forecasting methods, the accuracy and forecast period length can hardly meet the demand of power system economic dispatching and day-ahead power purchase markets. To further enhance the accuracy and increase the time scale, a short-term wind power forecasting (WPF) combined model based on numerical weather prediction (NWP) analysis is presented in this paper. First, according to the criterion of the minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR) algorithm, several factors are sifted from the NWP multivariate data. Second, different characteristics of the factors are extracted, and weather patterns are divided into different types on the basis of these characteristics. Third, two deep learning models, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), are applied for short-term WPF respectively under different weather types. Furthermore, the forecast results of the two models are combined using the Induced Ordered Weighted Average (IOWA) operator. The actual data collected from a wind farm in Northwest China are used to verify the conclusions. Results show that the proposed method can forecast wind power under different weather circumstances and outperform existing Radial Basis Function (RBF), Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) and Support Vector Machine (SVM)-based methods with respect to forecasting accuracy.

In this work, a new type of δ-TRIP steel was designed. The fatigue limit and S-N curve were measured by the fatigue testing machine. The fatigue fracture was observed by the scanning electron microscope (SEM), and influencing factors of fatigue crack initiation were analyzed. The results show that the fatigue limit of δ-TRIP steel is 361MPa, and fatigue cracks are initiated on the surface of the sample. In the initial stage of fatigue crack initiation, the crack growth rate of the specimen is relatively slow under the action of stress. As the crack continues to expand, the magnitude and direction of the stress on the crack tip change and the stress situation becomes more complicated. The crack begins to branch and grows in different directions The metastable retained austenite in δ-TRIP steel undergoes phase transformation under the action of external force, which will absorb a lot of energy. At the same time, there are many large angle grain boundaries in the steel hindering the crack propagation. These two characteristics make the δ-TRIP steel has excellent fatigue performance.

Long noncoding RNA taurine-upregulated gene1 (TUG1) has been reported to be implicated in the chemo-resistance of bladder cancer. Hence, this study aimed to survey regulatory mechanism by which TUG1 regulates the chemo-resistance of bladder cancer cells to doxorubicin (DOX). Relative expression of TUG1, miR-582-5p, and karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) was detected by qRT-PCR. The viability and proliferation of DOX-resistant bladder cancer cells were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Protein levels were measured by western blot analysis. The apoptosis, migration, and invasion of DOX-resistant bladder cancer cells were determined by flow cytometry or transwell assays. The relationship between TUG1 or KPNA2 and miR-582-5p was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. TUG1 and KPNA2 were upregulated while miR-582-5p was downregulated in resistant bladder cancer tissues and cells. TUG1 inhibition elevated cell chemo-sensitivity, facilitated cell apoptosis, and curbed proliferation, migration, invasion, and autophagy of DOX-resistant bladder cancer cells. Also, TUG1 acted as a sponge for miR-582-5p, and miR-582-5p inhibitor reversed TUG1 knockdown-mediated influence on DOX chemo-sensitivity and malignant behaviors in DOX-resistant bladder cancer cells. Furthermore, miR-582-5p targeted KPNA2, and KPNA2 overexpression counteracted the inhibitory impact of miR-582-5p mimic on DOX chemo-resistance and malignant behaviors in DOX-resistant bladder cancer cells. Additionally, TUG1 silencing inactivated the PI3K/AKT pathway through sponging miR-582-5p. TUG1 sponged miR-582-5p to increase KPNA2 expression and activated the KPNA2/PI3K/AKT pathway, thereby elevating DOX chemo-resistance and malignant behaviors in bladder cancer cells.

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of perampanel (PER) therapy and to optimize a specific plasma reference range for PER in children. Another major aim was to evaluate the potential determinators of PER concentration.Concentrations obtained from 80 children were analyzed for routine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) between 2021 and 2022. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of these patients and assessed the efficacy at 3 months after treatment initiation. Trough concentration-to-dose ratio (CA 3-month PER therapy produced a ≥50% reduction in seizure frequency in 58.8% of patients. Twelve patients reported at least one adverse effect (AE), mainly dizziness. The monitoring data showed that the median CIn this study, PER treatment showed acceptable efficacy and tolerance in Chinese children with epilepsy. Contributing factors like age to variable C

The Space-Air-Ground-Sea integrated network calls for more robust and secure transmission techniques against jamming. In this paper, we propose a textual semantic transmission framework for robust transmission, which utilizes the advanced natural language processing techniques to model and encode sentences. Specifically, the textual sentences are firstly split into tokens using wordpiece algorithm, and are embedded to token vectors for semantic extraction by Transformer-based encoder. The encoded data are quantized to a fixed length binary sequence for transmission, where binary erasure, symmetric, and deletion channels are considered for transmission. The received binary sequences are further decoded by the transformer decoders into tokens used for sentence reconstruction. Our proposed approach leverages the power of neural networks and attention mechanism to provide reliable and efficient communication of textual data in challenging wireless environments, and simulation results on semantic similarity and bilingual evaluation understudy prove the superiority of the proposed model in semantic transmission., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by IEEE/CIC ICCC 2023

Mowing, as a common grassland utilization strategy, affects nutrient status in soil by plant biomass removal. Phosphorus (P) cycle plays an important role in determining grassland productivity. However, few studies have addressed the impacts of mowing on P cycling in grassland ecosystems. Here, we investigated the effects of various mowing regimes on soil P fractions and P accumulation in plants and litters. We specifically explored the mechanisms by which mowing regulates ecosystem P cycling by linking aboveground community with soil properties. Our results showed that mowing increased soil dissolvable P concentrations, which probably met the demand for P absorption and utilization by plants, thus contributing to an increased P accumulation by plants. Mowing promoted grassland P cycling by a reciprocal relationship between plants and microbes. Short-term mowing enhanced P cycling mainly through increased root exudation-evoked the extracellular enzyme activity of microbes rather than the alternations in microbial biomass and community composition. Long-term mowing increased P cycling mainly by promoting carbon allocation to roots, thereby leading to greater microbial metabolic activity. Although mowing-stimulation of organic P mineralization lasted for 15 consecutive years, mowing did not result in soil P depletion. These results demonstrate that P removal by mowing will not necessarily lead to soil P limitation. Our findings would advance the knowledge on soil P dynamic under mowing and contribute to resource-efficient grassland management.

Shen-Shi-Jiang-Zhuo formula (SSJZF) exhibits a definite curative effect in the clinical treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of SSJZF on NAFLD.Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, NAFLD, positive drug (12 mg/kg/day), SSJZF high-dose (200 mg/kg/day), SSJZF middle-dose (100 mg/kg/day), and SSJZF low-dose (50 mg/kg/day) groups. After daily intragastric administration of NAFLD rats for 8 weeks, lipid metabolism and hepatic fibrosis were evaluated by biochemical indices and histopathology. Then we uncovered the main active compounds and mechanism of SSJZF against NAFLD by integrating RNA-sequencing and network pharmacology, and PI3K/AKT pathway activity was verified by western blot.High dose SSJZF had the best inhibitory effect on hepatic lipid accumulation and fibrosis in rats with NAFLD, which significantly down-regulatedWe found for first time that SSJZF improved NAFLD in rats by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. These findings provide scientific support for SSJZF in the clinical treatment of NAFLD and contribute to the development of new NAFLD drugs.