217 results on '"Olckers, A"'
Search Results
2. A journey through interprofessional education: Students’ perspectives of teamwork in a transforming curriculum
- Author
-
Hendricks, A, Hartman, N, and Olckers, L
- Subjects
Aerospace Engineering - Abstract
Background. Student engagement in curricular transformation is topical at the University of Cape Town (UCT), including in its Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS). Teamwork, which is essential to contemporary interprofessional healthcare, is an objective of transformative health sciences education. This study offers a contemporary contribution from the perspective of students to earlier work on shared learning at UCT FHS. Objectives. There is a paucity of research literature on this study’s target population. Therefore, a qualitative design was used to explore first-year health sciences students’ perceptions and experiences of teamwork within an undergraduate shared learning programme. Methods. The primary data collection method was focus group discussion. Two additional qualitative methods, free-listing and pile-sorting, were used to expand upon data collected in the focus groups. Results were analysed thematically. Results. The study sample (N=32) included first-year audiology, medical, occupational therapy, physiotherapy, and speech and language pathology students. The findings revealed that although their experiences of teamwork varied, students had a comprehensive perception of what teamwork entailed in their educational context. Therefore, the findings were used to generate a heuristic for teamwork learning for undergraduate health sciences students. Conclusion. The study positions students to contribute tangibly to the curricular transformation process at their university. Students’ perspectives of teamwork may be useful in the future design and delivery of entry-level interprofessional courses aiming to instil teamwork skills.
- Published
- 2022
3. Friend-Based Ranking
- Author
-
Matthew Olckers and Francis Bloch
- Subjects
Mechanism design ,Social network ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Planner ,Ranking (information retrieval) ,Incentive compatibility ,If and only if ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Construct (philosophy) ,General Economics, Econometrics and Finance ,computer ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
We analyze the design of a mechanism to extract a ranking of individuals according to a unidimensional characteristic, such as ability or need. Individuals, connected on a social network, only have local information about the ranking. We show that a planner can construct an ex post incentive compatible and efficient mechanism if and only if every pair of friends has a friend in common. We characterize the windmill network as the sparsest social network for which the planner can always construct a complete ranking. (JEL D11, D82, D83, D85, O12, Z13)
- Published
- 2022
4. The subjective career success of women: The role of personal resources
- Author
-
Eileen Koekemoer, Chantal Olckers, and Pieter Schaap
- Subjects
General Psychology - Abstract
IntroductionResearch on women’s career success has been the subject of extensive investigations, emphasizing the barriers they encounter in their careers. However, far less attention has been given to the personal resources that promote women’s career success. The purpose of our study was to provide more conclusive evidence regarding the role that personal resources such as resilience and grit can play in the relationship between women’s person-environment fit and the perceptions of their career success. Underpinned by the Job Demands Resources and social cognitive theory, our study aims to investigate whether resilience and grit could either explain how person-environment fit translates into feelings of subjective career success or could strengthen this relationship.MethodA cross-sectional online survey research design was used, and a convenience sample of 408 female employees was obtained. Relationships were explored through structural equation modelling.ResultsWhen controlling for age, the findings of this study revealed significantly positive relationships between the constructs, with person-environment fit, resilience, and grit, explaining a large portion of the variance in subjective career success. Although our data supported the mediating role of grit and resilience in the person-environment fit and subjective career success relationship, the moderating effects of grit and resilience could not be established.DiscussionThese findings illustrate both grit and resilience as mechanisms that indirectly affect the person-environment fit and subjective career success relationship of women. However, our findings indicate that resilience and grit cannot be considered mechanisms that would buffer against poor person-environment fit’s effect on their career success perceptions. Firstly, our study advances our understanding of the roles personal resources such as resilience and grit play in women’s career success as ways to overcome obstacles and workplace barriers. Secondly, using the motivational process of the Job Demands Resources Framework as theoretical background, we contribute by shedding light on how personal resources (resilience and grit) can be considered underlying factors influencing the person-environment fit and career success relationship for women. If women experience good person-environment fit, there is a greater opportunity for developing resilience and grit and, consequently, subjective career success.
- Published
- 2023
5. Vegetation management shapes arthropod and bird communities in an African savanna
- Author
-
Dan M. Parker, Keenan Stears, Terence Olckers, and Melissa H. Schmitt
- Subjects
Ecology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Published
- 2023
6. Incentives to Offer Algorithmic Recourse
- Author
-
Olckers, Matthew and Walsh, Toby
- Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI) ,Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT) - Abstract
Due to the importance of artificial intelligence (AI) in a variety of high-stakes decisions, such as loan approval, job hiring, and criminal bail, researchers in Explainable AI (XAI) have developed algorithms to provide users with recourse for an unfavorable outcome. We analyze the incentives for a decision-maker to offer recourse to a set of applicants. Does the decision-maker have the incentive to offer recourse to all rejected applicants? We show that the decision-maker only offers recourse to all applicants in extreme cases, such as when the recourse process is impossible to manipulate. Some applicants may be worse off when the decision-maker can offer recourse.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Additional file 1 of Health Sciences students’ experience of COVID-19 case management and contact tracing in Cape Town, South Africa
- Author
-
Zweigenthal, Virginia, Perez, Gonda, Wolmarans, Karen, and Olckers, Lorna
- Abstract
Supplementary Material 1
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. The impact of low nitrogen conditions on the chemical composition and flour pasting properties of quality protein maize
- Author
-
Schae-Lee Olckers, Garry Osthoff, Perry K. W. Ng, Angeline van Biljon, and Maryke Labuschagne
- Subjects
Physiology ,Genetics ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Published
- 2022
9. Seasonal abundance of stem-boring insects associated with the invasive Senecio madagascariensis in its native range (KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa) and their potential for biological control
- Author
-
Dineshen Singh, Daniella Egli, Sandi Willows-Munro, Ben Gooden, and Terence Olckers
- Subjects
Insect Science ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Published
- 2022
10. Variations in chemical defences and patterns of natural enemy attack between native and introduced populations of fireweed ( Senecio madagascariensis ): Implications for biological control
- Author
-
Daniella Egli, Kerinne J. Harvey, Ben D. Moore, Christopher Mitchell, and Terence Olckers
- Subjects
Ecology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2021
11. Science serving justice: opportunities for enhancing integrity in forensic science in Africa
- Author
-
Antonel Olckers and Zoë Hammatt
- Subjects
K5000-5582 ,forensic science ,mentoring ,Short Communications ,research integrity ,Criminology ,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous) ,oversight ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Analytical Chemistry ,Forensic science ,Criminal law and procedure ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Anthropology ,Political science ,networks ,africa ,bias ,forensic science laboratory ,Justice (ethics) ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,Rapid Communication - Published
- 2021
12. Psychometric properties, measurement invariance, and construct validity of the subjective career success inventory
- Author
-
Chantal Olckers and Eileen Koekemoer
- Subjects
General Psychology - Published
- 2022
13. Parasitism, population densities and short-term impact of Anthonomus santacruzi on the reproductive output of Solanum mauritianum in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa
- Author
-
T. Olckers
- Subjects
Anthonomus santacruzi ,Ecology ,Insect Science ,Curculionidae ,Parasitism ,Alien ,Biology ,Weed ,biology.organism_classification ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Population density ,Solanum mauritianum ,Kwazulu natal - Abstract
Anthonomus santacruzi Hustache (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was released in South Africa in 2008 to curb the spread of the invasive alien weed Solanum mauritianum Scopoli (Solanaceae) and is widely ...
- Published
- 2021
14. The Dark Side of Social Media - Cyberbullying, Catfishing and Trolling: A Systematic Literature Review
- Author
-
Christine Olckers and Marie Hattingh
- Abstract
This research aims to identify the factors contributing to the dark side of social media usage by looking explicitly at cyberbullying, catfishing, and trolling. The systematic literature review was performed to better understand the factors contributing to the dark side of social media and provide ways in which these factors can be prevented. The systematic literature review has been performed on numerous articles with the aim of gathering information to help identify factors contributing to the dark side of social media. The systematic literature review found that most factors contributing to dark social media are related to Dark Triad personality types. Unfortunately, this means that there is no way to prevent dark social media usage from taking place. Although psychology theories speculate that these personality types can be helped, there is no way of completely stopping them.
- Published
- 2022
15. Student Engagement and Learning Approaches during COVID-19: The Role of Study Resources, Burnout Risk, and Student Leader–Member Exchange as Psychological Conditions
- Author
-
Melissa Reynell van der Ross, Chantal Olckers, and Pieter Schaap
- Subjects
Education - Abstract
Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to explore the interplay of psychological conditions that influenced personal engagement among university students. As a theoretical lens through which to investigate this, the study used the job demands-resources model, the study demands-resources model, and the leader–member exchange theory. This study further aimed to explore outcomes that supported students in becoming lifelong learners (i.e., deep-learning approach). Method: Participants were undergraduate students registered at a South African university. We used a purposive, non-probability sampling strategy and employed a cross-sectional survey research design. This study used Mplus version 8.6 for the statistical analyses. Results: Results showed that the psychological conditions of meaningfulness (study resources), availability (burnout risk), and safety (student–leader–member exchange) influenced student engagement. In addition, the results showed that study demands were positively associated with student engagement, although this association can be regarded as small. Furthermore, study resources and student engagement were associated with a deep approach to learning. Conclusions: Findings from the present study demonstrated that Kahn’s theory carried implications beyond the workplace and held true in a student learning environment. Further, an exploration of the psychological conditions that led to engagement showed that the job demands-resources model and the study demands-resources model could be used to operationalise study resources as psychological meaningfulness and burnout risk as availability. Similarly, in the context of exploring the student-lecturer relationship, student leader–member exchange could be operationalised as psychological safety. Implication for Practice: Leaders in higher education are encouraged to focus not only on ensuring that students receive adequate support in terms of structures and physical resources during periods of uncertainty, such as the global COVID-19 pandemic, but to adopt a holistic approach that includes considering all the psychological conditions that encourage and promote students’ engagement.
- Published
- 2022
16. What Type of Explanation Do Rejected Job Applicants Want? Implications for Explainable AI
- Author
-
Olckers, Matthew, Vidler, Alicia, and Walsh, Toby
- Subjects
FOS: Economics and business ,General Economics (econ.GN) ,Economics - General Economics - Abstract
Rejected job applicants seldom receive explanations from employers. Techniques from Explainable AI (XAI) could provide explanations at scale. Although XAI researchers have developed many different types of explanations, we know little about the type of explanations job applicants want. We use a survey of recent job applicants to fill this gap. Our survey generates three main insights. First, the current norm of, at most, generic feedback frustrates applicants. Second, applicants feel the employer has an obligation to provide an explanation. Third, job applicants want to know why they were unsuccessful and how to improve.
- Published
- 2022
17. Competitive interactions between the root-feeding Heikertingerella sp. and foliage-feeding Mada polluta on the invasive Tecoma stans
- Author
-
David O. Simelane, Lulama G. Madire, and T. Olckers
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Flea beetle ,Ecology ,biology ,Heikertingerella ,fungi ,Biological pest control ,food and beverages ,Tecoma stans ,Galerucinae ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,010602 entomology ,Horticulture ,law ,Insect Science ,Quarantine ,Coccinellidae ,Weed ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Despite potential negative interactions between biological control agents, the release of multiple agents against invasive alien weeds is often justified. The leaf-feeding beetle Mada polluta Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), released against Tecoma stans (L.) Juss ex Kunth var. stans in South Africa, has so far been unable to contain the weed. Consequently, the root-feeding flea beetle Heikertingerella sp. (Coleoptera: Galerucinae) was introduced to complement M. polluta. The effects of the interaction between the two beetles on their performance and on the target weed were studied on potted T. stans plants in a quarantine glasshouse to assess whether they were additive, synergistic or negative. There was no significant difference in the percentage survival of the P1 adults of either beetle when tested alone or in combination. Mada polluta produced significantly more F1 adult progeny than Heikertingerella sp. when tested alone, while both beetles produced significantly fewer offspring when tested in combination. Leaf damage by M. polluta alone was higher than that caused by Heikertingerella sp. alone, but in combination was not significantly higher than damage by M. polluta alone. Although both beetles on their own caused a significant reduction in leaf density relative to the control, leaf density was significantly lower when in combination. Despite significant reductions in plant height relative to the control, the differences between the three beetle treatments were not significant. Although competitive interactions caused a trade-off between agent proliferation and their impact on the growth of T. stans, these data need to be confirmed in the field.
- Published
- 2021
18. Work–family enrichment, job satisfaction, and work engagement: The mediating role of subjective career success
- Author
-
Eileen Koekemoer, Cherise Nel, and Chantal Olckers
- Subjects
Work–family enrichment ,050103 clinical psychology ,Work engagement ,05 social sciences ,050109 social psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Job satisfaction ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,General Psychology ,Structural equation modeling - Abstract
Objective: The aim of the study was to explore the possible indirect effect of subjective career success on the relationship between work–family enrichment and job satisfaction and work–family enri...
- Published
- 2020
19. Pre‐release evaluation of Heikertingerella sp. as a potential biocontrol agent for Tecoma stans in South Africa
- Author
-
T. Olckers, Lulama G. Madire, and David O. Simelane
- Subjects
biology ,Traditional medicine ,Heikertingerella ,Insect Science ,Biological pest control ,Tecoma stans ,biology.organism_classification ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Published
- 2020
20. Life Histories and Host-Range Evaluation of Two Chrysomelid Beetles (Zygogramma spp.) Released against Tithonia rotundifolia in South Africa
- Author
-
Khethani Vincent Mawela, David Simelane, and Terence Olckers
- Subjects
biology ,host specificity ,Zygogramma signatipennis ,Zygogramma piceicollis ,fecundity ,weed biocontrol ,Insect Science - Abstract
Tithonia rotundifolia (Mill.) S.F. Blake (Asteraceae) is among the three Tithonia species from Mexico that are invasive in South Africa. To curb its invasiveness and negative impact in South Africa, two chrysomelid beetles, Zygogramma signatipennis (Stål) and Zygogramma piceicollis (Stål), from Mexico were investigated as candidate biological control agents. The life histories and host ranges of these beetles were studied under laboratory conditions to determine their suitability for release. The two beetle species displayed very similar life histories, including a short pre-oviposition period (13–14 days), incubation period (4–5 days) and lifecycle (40–45 days). The longevity of Z. signatipennis and Z. piceicollis was 113 and 125 days, while their fecundities were 1146 and 1133 eggs per female, respectively. Feeding, oviposition and development of both beetle species were confined within the tribe Heliantheae, but showed a very strong preference for the invasive T. rotundifolia. The only non-target species that supported development to adulthood was the exotic weed Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray, itself a target for biocontrol. Although some sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars were partially utilized during host-specificity tests, none supported complete development, suggesting that both Zygogramma species are suitable for release in South Africa.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Corrigendum: POPIA Code of Conduct for Research
- Author
-
Ahmed Bawa, Caroline B. Ncube, Rachel Adams, Tshilidzi Muthivhi, Alan Christoffels, Eleni Flack-Davison, Jane Pillay, Mongezi Mdhluli, Monique Marks, Fola Adeleke, Jantina de Vries, S Mahomed, Dominique Anderson, Harriet Etheredge, Michèle Ramsay, Mapitso Molefe, Jerome Amir Singh, Antonel Olckers, Mark Gaffley, Tobias Schonwetter, Carmen Swanepoel, Nicola Branson, and Maria A. Papathanasopoulos
- Subjects
H1-99 ,Code of conduct ,Science (General) ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Science ,Social Sciences ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Social sciences (General) ,Q1-390 ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Software engineering ,business - Abstract
Jerome Amir Singh's affiliation was erroneously given as: Centre for Medical Ethics and Law, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa. Thecorrect affiliation is: School of Law, Howard College, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. The error appears in the Discussion Document by Adams et al. [https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2021/10933] on Page 1 under Affiliations (no. 22) and on Page 11 in the table under Authors' information, as well as in the accompanying Commentary by Adams et al. [https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2021/10935] in Table 1 on Page 3.
- Published
- 2022
22. POPIA Code of Conduct for Research
- Author
-
Rachel Adams, Fola Adeleke, Dominique Anderson, Ahmed Bawa, Nicola Branson, Alan Christoffels, Jantina de Vries, Harriet Etheredge, Eleni Flack-Davison, Mark Gaffley, Monique Marks, Mongezi Mdhluli, Safia Mahomed, Mapitso Molefe, Tshilidzi Muthivhi, Caroline Ncube, Antonel Olckers, Maria Papathanasopoulos, Jane Pillay, Tobias Schonwetter, Jerome Singh, Carmen Swanepoel, and Michèle Ramsay
- Subjects
Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 ,Q1-390 ,Science (General) ,Science ,Social Sciences ,data protection, protection of personal information, research participants, research ethics, open science - Abstract
The POPIA Code of Conduct for Research, as it is currently being considered, pertains to research conducted in South Africa, which, as part of the research process, uses personal information as defined under POPIA. This Discussion Document outlines the main areas relating to the processing of personal information for research purposes which the proposed Code will address, including what consent models would be permissible under POPIA; the issues in relation to genetic research and the processing of personal information contained in inherited characteristics; the use of information matching programmes by researchers; and the use of personal information obtained from social media platforms for research. With ongoing and wide consultation with the scientific community in South Africa and all relevant stakeholders, it is hoped that the Code will provide guidance in supporting the lawful and responsible use of personal information while conducting scientific research in South Africa. The purpose and scope of the Code of Conduct for Research are set out in the accompanying Commentary available at https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2021/10935
- Published
- 2022
23. Seasonal Abundance of Capitulum-Boring Insects Considered for the Biological Control of Fireweed (Senecio Madagascariensis), Including Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis to Reveal the Field Host Range of Lepidopteran Candidate Agents
- Author
-
Nokwanda Mkhize, Daniella Egli, Sandi Willows-Munro, Ben Gooden, and Terence Olckers
- Subjects
Insect Science ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Published
- 2022
24. Additional file 1 of Health systems strengthening interventions for perinatal common mental disorders and experiences of domestic violence in Cape Town, South Africa: protocol for a pilot implementation study
- Author
-
Abrahams, Zulfa, Schneider, Marguerite, Honikman, Simone, Olckers, Patti, Boisits, Sonet, Seward, Nadine, and Lund, Crick
- Abstract
Additional file 1: Overview of study designs used during the Pre-Implementation Phase [43].
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Additional file 2 of Health systems strengthening interventions for perinatal common mental disorders and experiences of domestic violence in Cape Town, South Africa: protocol for a pilot implementation study
- Author
-
Abrahams, Zulfa, Schneider, Marguerite, Honikman, Simone, Olckers, Patti, Boisits, Sonet, Seward, Nadine, and Lund, Crick
- Abstract
Additional file 2: Overview of the cascaded training model.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. The COVID-19 Pandemic: Managing Unplanned Change as the New Normal in the Workplace
- Author
-
Chantal Olckers and Eileen Koekemoer
- Published
- 2022
27. Biology and native host range of the defoliating beetleAgeniosacf.badenii(Chrysomelidae), a potential biological control agent for Cape ivy (Delairea odorata) in invaded countries
- Author
-
Rachel Birch, T. Olckers, and Daniella Egli
- Subjects
biology ,Insect Science ,Cape ,Botany ,Biological pest control ,Senecioneae ,Asteraceae ,biology.organism_classification ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Delairea - Abstract
Delairea odorata Lemaire, Cape ivy (Asteraceae: Senecioneae), is native to South Africa but invasive in several countries. The plant is a target for biological control in the USA (California and Ha...
- Published
- 2020
28. Authentic leadership, organisational citizenship behaviours, and intention to quit: the indirect effect of psychological ownership
- Author
-
Riandi Casaleggio, Chantal Olckers, and Marieta du Plessis
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,050109 social psychology ,Structural equation modeling ,Indirect effect ,Intention to quit ,Authentic leadership ,0502 economics and business ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Citizenship ,050203 business & management ,General Psychology ,media_common - Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the influence of perceived authentic leadership on followers’ citizenship behaviour and their intention to quit their jobs, and to examine the indirect effect of psychological ownership in the relevant relationships. The study used a cross-sectional survey design to gather data from a sample of South African service industry employees ( N = 384). It employed structural equation modelling to test the hypotheses formulated. The study found that psychological ownership indirectly affected the relationship between authentic leadership and employees’ organisational citizenship behaviour and intention to quit. This study enables organisations to gain a better understanding of how a contextual resource such as authentic leadership behaviours can influence followers’ organisational citizenship and intention to quit through increasing feelings of ownership of the organisation.
- Published
- 2019
29. Insect herbivores associated with the invasive herbSenecio madagascariensis(Asteraceae) in its native range in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa and their potential as biological control agents in invaded countries
- Author
-
Daniella Egli and T. Olckers
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Herbivore ,food.ingredient ,Ecology ,Range (biology) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Biological pest control ,Insect ,Biology ,Asteraceae ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Invasive species ,010602 entomology ,food ,Insect Science ,Herb ,Senecio madagascariensis ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany ,media_common - Abstract
Native to southern Africa, Senecio madagascariensis Poir. (fireweed, Asteraceae) has invaded agricultural lands and disturbed areas in several countries worldwide and is currently a target ...
- Published
- 2019
30. Current and Future Biological Control Efforts Against Solanum mauritianum (Solanaceae) in South Africa
- Author
-
N. Venter, B.W. Cowie, T. Olckers, and M.J. Byrne
- Subjects
Insect Science ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2021
31. An Introduction to the Fourth Decadal Review of Biological Control of Invasive Alien Plants in South Africa (2011–2020)
- Author
-
I.D. Paterson, A. Den Breeÿen, G.D. Martin, and T. Olckers
- Subjects
Insect Science ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2021
32. Biological Control of South African Plants that are Invasive Elsewhere in the World: A Review of Earlier and Current Programmes
- Author
-
T. Olckers, J.A. Coetzee, D. Egli, G.D. Martin, I.D. Paterson, G.F. Sutton, and A.R. Wood
- Subjects
Insect Science ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2021
33. Life Histories and Host-Range Evaluation of Two Chrysomelid Beetles (
- Author
-
Khethani V, Mawela, David O, Simelane, and Terence, Olckers
- Published
- 2021
34. Health systems strengthening interventions for perinatal common mental disorders and experiences of domestic violence in Cape Town, South Africa: protocol for a pilot implementation study
- Author
-
Patti Olckers, Sonet Boisits, Nadine Seward, Crick Lund, Zulfa Abrahams, Marguerite Schneider, Simone Honikman, Centre for Public Mental Health, and Faculty of Health Sciences
- Subjects
Protocol (science) ,Pilot implementation ,Psychological intervention ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Common mental disorders ,Domestic violence ,Detection ,Nursing ,Cape ,Political science ,Health system strengthening ,Implementation science ,Health systems strengthening ,Counselling - Abstract
Background During the perinatal period, common mental disorders (CMDs) such as depression and anxiety are highly prevalent, especially in low-resource settings, and are associated with domestic violence, poverty, and food insecurity. Perinatal CMDs have been associated with several adverse maternal and child outcomes. While the Department of Health in South Africa provides healthcare workers with the tools to detect psychological distress and experiences of domestic violence, few healthcare workers routinely screen pregnant women at clinic visits, citing discomfort with mental health issues and the lack of standardised referral pathways as the key barriers. The aim of this study is to select and evaluate a set of health systems strengthening (HSS) interventions aimed at improving the care and outcomes for perinatal women with CMDs and experiences of domestic violence, attending public healthcare facilities in Cape Town. Methods This study consists of a pre-implementation, development, and implementation phase. Contextual barriers identified during the pre-implementation phase included poor patient knowledge and health-seeking behaviour, high levels of stigma, and poor detection, referral, and treatment rates. Implementation science determinant frameworks were applied to findings from the pre-implementation phase to identify determinants and gaps in delivering high-quality evidence-informed care. A participatory Theory of Change workshop was used to design a HSS programme, consisting of awareness raising, detection, referral, and treatment. HSS interventions selected to support the delivery of the HSS programme includes training, health promotion, change to the healthcare environment, task-sharing, audit and feedback, and performance monitoring. The implementation phase will be used to assess several implementation and clinical outcomes associated with the delivery of the HSS programme, which will be piloted at three healthcare facilities. Qualitative and quantitative methods will be used to evaluate the implementation and clinical outcomes. Discussion This pilot implementation study will inform us about a range of implementation and clinical outcome measures that are relevant for assessing HSS interventions for perinatal women with depression, anxiety, or experiences of domestic violence in low-resource settings. Lessons learnt from the pilot study will be incorporated into the design of a cluster randomised control trial for which further funding will be sought.
- Published
- 2021
35. Drought and heat stress effects on gluten protein composition and its relation to bread-making quality in wheat
- Author
-
Schae-Lee Olckers, Garry Osthoff, Carlos Guzmán, Barend Wentzel, Angeline van Biljon, and Maryke Labuschagne
- Subjects
Biochemistry ,Food Science - Published
- 2022
36. Association of respiratory symptoms and lung function with occupation in the multinational Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study
- Author
-
Ratanachina, Jate, Amaral, Andre F.S., De Matteis, Sara, Lawin, Herve, Mortimer, Kevin, Obaseki, Daniel O., Harrabi, Imed, Denguezli, Meriam, Wouters, Emiel F.M., Janson, Christer, Nielsen, Rune, Gulsvik, Amund, Cherkaski, Hamid Hacene, Mejza, Filip, Mahesh, Padukudru Anand, Elsony, Asma, Ahmed, Rana, Tan, Wan C., Loh, Li Cher, Rashid, Abdul, Studnicka, Michael, Nafees, Asaad A., Seemungal, Terence, Aquart-Stewart, Althea, Al Ghobain, Mohammed, Zheng, Jinping, Juvekar, Sanjay, Salvi, Sundeep, Jogi, Rain, Mannino, David M., Gislason, Thorarinn, Buist, A. Sonia, Cullinan, Paul, Burney, Peter G.J., Hafizi, Hasan, Aliko, Anila, Bardhi, Donika, Tafa, Holta, Thanasi, Natasha, Mezini, Arian, Teferici, Alma, Todri, Dafina, Nikolla, Jolanda, Kazasi, Rezarta, Bengrait, Amira, Haddad, Tabarek, Zgaoula, Ibtissem, Ghit, Maamar, Roubhia, Abdelhamid, Boudra, Soumaya, Atoui, Feryal, Yakoubi, Randa, Benali, Rachid, Bencheikh, Abdelghani, Ait-Khaled, Nadia, Jenkins, Christine, Marks, Guy, Bird, Tessa, Espinel, Paola, Hardaker, Kate, Toelle, Brett, Dawes, Torkil, Lamprecht, Bernd, Schirhofer, Lea, Islam, Akramul, Ahmed, Syed Masud, Islam, Shayla, Islam, Qazi Shafayetul, Mesbah-Ul-Haque, NN, Chowdhury, Tridib Roy, Chatterjee, Sukantha Kumar, Mia, Dulal, Das, Shyamal Chandra, Rahman, Mizanur, Islam, Nazrul, Uddin, Shahaz, Islam, Nurul, Khatun, Luiza, Parvin, Monira, Khan, Abdul Awal, Islam, Maidul, Kpangon, Arsene, Kpossou, Karl, Agodokpessi, Gildas, Ayelo, Paul, Fayomi, Benjamin, Mbatchou, Bertrand, Ashu, Atongno Humphrey, Wang, Wen, Zhong, NanShan, Liu, Shengming, Lu, Jiachun, Ran, Pixin, Wang, Dali, Zhou, Yumin, Laja, Hendrik, Ulst, Katrin, Zobel, Vappu, Lill, Toomas-Julius, Adegnika, Ayola Akim, Welte, Tobias, Bodemann, Isabelle, Geldmacher, Henning, Schweda-Linow, Alexandra, Benedikdtsdottir, Bryndis, Jörundsdottir, Kristin, Gudmundsdottir, Lovisa, Gudmundsdottir, Sigrun, Gundmundsson, Gunnar, Koul, Parvaiz A., Malik, Sajjad, Hakim, Nissar A., Khan, Umar Hafiz, Chowgule, Rohini, Shetye, Vasant, Raphael, Jonelle, Almeda, Rosel, Tawde, Mahesh, Tadvi, Rafiq, Katkar, Sunil, Kadam, Milind, Dhanawade, Rupesh, Ghurup, Umesh, Hirve, Siddhi, Sambhudas, Somnath, Chaidhary, Bharat, Tambe, Meera, Pingale, Savita, Umap, Arati, Umap, Archana, Shelar, Nitin, Devchakke, Sampada, Chaudhary, Sharda, Bondre, Suvarna, Walke, Savita, Gawhane, Ashleshsa, Sapkal, Anil, Argade, Rupali, Gaikwad, Vijay, Brashier, Sundeep Bill, Londhe, Jyoti, Madas, Sapna, Aikman, Althea Akosua Francia, Sooronbaev, Talant M., Estebesova, Bermet M., Akmatalieva, Meerim, Usenbaeva, Saadat, Kydyrova, Jypara, Bostonova, Eliza, Sheraliev, Ulan, Marajapov, Nuridin, Toktogulova, Nurgul, Emilov, Berik, Azilova, Toktogul, Beishekeeva, Gulnara, Dononbaeva, Nasyikat, Tabyshova, Aijamal, Mwangoka, Ernest, Kambwili, Mayamiko, Chipeta, Martha, Banda, Gloria, Mkandawire, Suzgo, Banda, Justice, Sholehah, Siti, Benjelloun, Mohamed C., Nejjari, Chakib, Elbiaze, Mohamed, El Rhazi, Karima, Franssen, F.F.E., Wesseling, G.J., Erhabor, Gregory, Awopeju, Olayemi, Adewole, Olufemi, Endresen, Tina, Svendsen, Lene Løvendahl, Irfan, Muhammad, Fatmi, Zafar, Zahidie, Aysha, Shaukat, Natasha, Iqbal, Meesha, Idolor, Luisito F., de Guia, Teresita S., Francisco, Norberto A., Roa, Camilo C., Ayuyao, Fernando G., Tady, Cecil Z., Tan, Daniel T., Banal-Yang, Sylvia, Balanag, Vincent M., Reyes, Maria Teresita N., Dantes, Renato B., Amarillo, Lourdes, Berratio, Lakan U., Fernandez, Lenora C., Garcia, Gerard S., Naval, Sullian S., Reyes, Thessa, Sanchez, Ma. Flordeliza, Simpao, Leander P., Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, Ewa, Frey, Jakub, Harat, Rafal, Nastalek, Pawel, Pajak, Andrzej, Skucha, Wojciech, Szczeklik, Andrzej, Twardowska, Magda, Bárbara, Cristina, Rodrigues, Fátima, Dias, Hermínia, Cardoso, João, Almeida, João, Matos, Maria João, Simão, Paula, Santos, Moutinho, Ferreira, Reis, Alorainy, H., El-Hamad, E., Al Hajjaj, Hajjaj, Hashi, A., Dela, R., Fanuncio, R., Doloriel, E., Marciano, I., Safia, L., Bateman, Eric, Jithoo, Anamika, Adams, Desiree, Barnes, Edward, Freeman, Jasper, Hayes, Anton, Hlengwa, Sipho, Johannisen, Christine, Koopman, Mariana, Louw, Innocentia, Ludick, Ina, Olckers, Alta, Ryck, Johanna, Storbeck, Janita, Gunasekera, Kirthi, Wickremasinghe, Rajitha, Elsadig, Hana A., Osman, Nada Bakery, Noory, Bandar Salah, Mohamed, Monjda Awad, Osman, Hasab Alrasoul Akasha Ahmed, ed Elhassan, Namarig Moham, El Zain, Abdel Mu'is, Mohamaden, Marwa Mohamed, Khalifa, Suhaiba, Elhadi, Mahmoud, Hassan, Mohand, Abdelmonam, Dalia, Kamal, Rashid, Eltigani, Hind, Umar, Stephen's, Abdeen, Aya, Osman, Mihad, Mohamed, Malaz, Eltayeb, Roa, Abelazeez, Mohamed, Altaher, Hoyam, Mohamed, Lina, Abdarahman, Rabee, Mohamed, Rayan, Haram, NN, Ismaeel, Rimaz, Olafsdottir, Inga Sif, Nisser, Katarina, Spetz-Nyström, Ulrike, Hägg, Gunilla, Lund, Gun-Marie, Lutchmansingh, Fallon, Conyette, Liane, Tabka, Zouhair, Daldoul, Hager, Boukheroufa, Zaki, Chouikha, Firas, Khalifa, Wahbi Belhaj, Kocabaş, Ali, Hancioglu, Attila, Hanta, Ismail, Kuleci, Sedat, Turkyilmaz, Ahmet Sinan, Umut, Sema, Unalan, Turgay, Gnatiuc, Louisa, Azar, Hadia, Patel, Jaymini, Amor, Caron, Potts, James, Tumilty, Michael, McLean, Fiona, Dudhaiya, Risha, McBurnie, Mary Ann, Vollmer, William M., Gillespie, Suzanne, Sullivan, Sean, Lee, Todd A., Weiss, Kevin B., Jensen, Robert L., Crapo, Robert, Enright, Paul, Cain, John, Copeland, Rebecca, Hazen, Dana, Methvin, Jennifer, and RS: NUTRIM - R3 - Respiratory & Age-related Health
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Arbetsmedicin och miljömedicin ,Respiratory Medicine and Allergy ,Occupational Health and Environmental Health ,Lungmedicin och allergi - Abstract
BackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease has been associated with exposures in the workplace. We aimed to assess the association of respiratory symptoms and lung function with occupation in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study.MethodsWe analysed cross-sectional data from 28 823 adults (≥40 years) in 34 countries. We considered 11 occupations and grouped them by likelihood of exposure to organic dusts, inorganic dusts and fumes. The association of chronic cough, chronic phlegm, wheeze, dyspnoea, forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/FVC with occupation was assessed, per study site, using multivariable regression. These estimates were then meta-analysed. Sensitivity analyses explored differences between sexes and gross national income.ResultsOverall, working in settings with potentially high exposure to dusts or fumes was associated with respiratory symptoms but not lung function differences. The most common occupation was farming. Compared to people not working in any of the 11 considered occupations, those who were farmers for ≥20 years were more likely to have chronic cough (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.19–1.94), wheeze (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.16–1.63) and dyspnoea (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.53–2.20), but not lower FVC (β=0.02 L, 95% CI −0.02–0.06 L) or lower FEV1/FVC (β=0.04%, 95% CI −0.49–0.58%). Some findings differed by sex and gross national income.ConclusionAt a population level, the occupational exposures considered in this study do not appear to be major determinants of differences in lung function, although they are associated with more respiratory symptoms. Because not all work settings were included in this study, respiratory surveillance should still be encouraged among high-risk dusty and fume job workers, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
- Published
- 2022
37. POPIA Code of Conduct for Research (with corrigendum)
- Author
-
Antonel Olckers, Mongezi Mdhluli, Alan Christoffels, Caroline B. Ncube, S Mahomed, Tshilidzi Muthivhi, Eleni Flack-Davison, Dominique Anderson, Harriet Etheredge, Jerome Amir Singh, Michèle Ramsay, Mapitso Molefe, Maria A. Papathanasopoulos, Mark Gaffley, Fola Adeleke, Jane Pillay, Jantina de Vries, Ahmed Bawa, Tobias Schonwetter, Rachel Adams, Monique Marks, Nicola Branson, and Carmen Swanepoel
- Subjects
Code of conduct ,Computer science ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Personally identifiable information ,Data science ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology - Abstract
The POPIA Code of Conduct for Research, as it is currently being considered, pertains to research conducted in South Africa, which, as part of the research process, uses personal information as defined under POPIA. This Discussion Document outlines the main areas relating to the processing of personal information for research purposes which the proposed Code will address, including what consent models would be permissible under POPIA; the issues in relation to genetic research and the processing of personal information contained in inherited characteristics; the use of information matching programmes by researchers; and the use of personal information obtained from social media platforms for research. With ongoing and wide consultation with the scientific community in South Africa and all relevant stakeholders, it is hoped that the Code will provide guidance in supporting the lawful and responsible use of personal information while conducting scientific research in South Africa. The purpose and scope of the Code of Conduct for Research are set out in the accompanying Commentary available at https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2021/10935
- Published
- 2021
38. Generational differences in psychological ownership
- Author
-
Chantal Olckers and Corné Booysen
- Subjects
Industrial psychology ,millennials ,Social Psychology ,generational cohorts ,baby boomers ,Psychology ,generation x ,measurement equivalence ,Applied Psychology ,HF5548.7-5548.85 - Abstract
Orientation: Several generational groups are employed in the workplace today, each with distinctly different attitudes, values and work behaviours. Little is known about how generational cohorts differ in terms of psychological ownership. Research purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the measurement equivalence of the South African Psychological Ownership Questionnaire (SAPOS) across three generational cohorts (Baby Boomers, Generation Xers and Generation Yers). Motivation for the study: Before meaningful inferences and comparisons can be made about psychological ownership across the generational cohorts, it is essential to ensure that the psychological ownership scale measures the same trait across all three generational cohorts. Research approach/design and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 945 skilled respondents employed in various public and private organisations employing a multigroup confirmatory factorial analytical approach. Main findings: The tripartite model of the SAPOS, comprising identity, responsibility and autonomy, was confirmed across the three generational cohort. Measurement invariance was established on configural, metric and scalar level across the three generational cohorts. Practical/managerial implications: The three generational cohorts perceive the items as was measured by the psychological ownership scale in the same way. Meaningful comparisons can thus be made between the groups and organisations can tailor their interventions to enhance the levels of psychological ownership of each of these generational cohorts. Contribution/value-add: This study is one of the first to provide empirical evidence of generational differences in respect of psychological ownership and to evaluate the measurement equivalence of a psychological ownership inventory across generational cohorts.
- Published
- 2021
39. Friend-Based Ranking in Practice
- Author
-
Matthew Olckers, Francis Bloch, Paris School of Economics (PSE), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques (PJSE), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre [Sydney] (UNSW ), and University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW)
- Subjects
General Economics (econ.GN) ,Information retrieval ,Mechanism (biology) ,Computer science ,Rank (computer programming) ,1. No poverty ,General Medicine ,Planner ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,FOS: Economics and business ,Ranking ,Economic anthropology ,JEL: Z - Other Special Topics/Z.Z1 - Cultural Economics • Economic Sociology • Economic Anthropology/Z.Z1.Z13 - Economic Sociology • Economic Anthropology • Social and Economic Stratification ,computer ,JEL: D - Microeconomics/D.D8 - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty/D.D8.D82 - Asymmetric and Private Information • Mechanism Design ,Economics - General Economics ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
A planner aims to target individuals who exceed a threshold in a characteristic, such as wealth or ability. The individuals can rank their friends according to the characteristic. We study a strategy-proof mechanism for the planner to use the rankings for targeting. We discuss how the mechanism works in practice, when the rankings may contain errors., Forthcoming in AEA Papers & Proceedings
- Published
- 2021
40. COPD
- Author
-
Michael Studnicka, Andreas Horner, Lea Sator, A. Sonia Buist, Bernd Lamprecht, NanShan Zhong, Shengming Liu, Jiachun Lu, Pixin Ran, Dali Wang, Jingping Zheng, Yumin Zhou, Ali Kocabaş, Attila Hancioglu, Ismail Hanta, Sedat Kuleci, Ahmet Sinan Turkyilmaz, Sema Umut, Turgay Unalan, Torkil Dawes, Eric Bateman, Anamika Jithoo, Desiree Adams, Edward Barnes, Jasper Freeman, Anton Hayes, Sipho Hlengwa, Christine Johannisen, Mariana Koopman, Innocentia Louw, Ina Ludick, Alta Olckers, Johanna Ryck, Janita Storbeck, Thorarinn Gislason, Bryndis Benedikdtsdottir, Kristin Jörundsdottir, Lovisa Gudmundsdottir, Sigrun Gudmundsdottir, Gunnar Gundmundsson, Ewa Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, Jakub Frey, Rafal Harat, Filip Mejza, Pawel Nastalek, Andrzej Pajak, Wojciech Skucha, Andrzej Szczeklik, Magda Twardowska, Tobias Welte, Isabelle Bodemann, Henning Geldmacher, Alexandra Schweda-Linow, Amund Gulsvik, Tina Endresen, Lene Svendsen, Wan C. Tan, Wen Wang, David M. Mannino, John Cain, Rebecca Copeland, Dana Hazen, Jennifer Methvin, Renato B. Dantes, Lourdes Amarillo, Lakan U. Berratio, Lenora C. Fernandez, Norberto A. Francisco, Gerard S. Garcia, Teresita S. de Guia, Luisito F. Idolor, Sullian S. Naval, Thessa Reyes, Camilo C. Roa, Ma. Flordeliza Sanchez, Leander P. Simpao, Christine Jenkins, Guy Marks, Tessa Bird, Paola Espinel, Kate Hardaker, Brett Toelle, Peter G.J. Burney, Caron Amor, James Potts, Michael Tumilty, Fiona McLean, E.F.M. Wouters, G.J. Wesseling, Cristina Bárbara, Fátima Rodrigues, Hermínia Dias, João Cardoso, João Almeida, Maria João Matos, Paula Simão, Moutinho Santos, Reis Ferreira, Christer Janson, Inga Sif Olafsdottir, Katarina Nisser, Ulrike Spetz-Nyström, Gunilla Hägg, Gun-Marie Lund, Rain Jõgi, Hendrik Laja, Katrin Ulst, Vappu Zobel, Toomas-Julius Lill, Parvaiz A. Koul, Sajjad Malik, Nissar A. Hakim, Umar Hafiz Khan, Rohini Chowgule, Vasant Shetye, Jonelle Raphael, Rosel Almeda, Mahesh Tawde, Rafiq Tadvi, Sunil Katkar, Milind Kadam, Rupesh Dhanawade, Umesh Ghurup, Imed Harrabi, Myriam Denguezli, Zouhair Tabka, Hager Daldoul, Zaki Boukheroufa, Firas Chouikha, Wahbi Belhaj Khalifa, Fernando G. Ayuyao, Cecil Z. Tady, Daniel T. Tan, Sylvia Banal-Yang, Vincent M. Balanag, Maria Teresita N. Reyes, Renato. B. Dantes, Sanjay Juvekar, Siddhi Hirve, Somnath Sambhudas, Bharat Chaidhary, Meera Tambe, Savita Pingale, Arati Umap, Archana Umap, Nitin Shelar, Sampada Devchakke, Sharda Chaudhary, Suvarna Bondre, Savita Walke, Ashleshsa Gawhane, Anil Sapkal, Rupali Argade, Vijay Gaikwad, Sundeep Salvi, Bill Brashier, Jyoti Londhe, Sapna Madas, Daniel Obaseki, Gregory Erhabor, Olayemi Awopeju, and Olufemi Adewole
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Spirometry ,medicine.medical_specialty ,COPD ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,MEDLINE ,Pulmonary disease ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,medicine.disease ,medicine ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,business - Published
- 2020
41. Responses of the seed-feeding beetle Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus and its recruited parasitoids to resource availability – Implications for the biological control of Leucaena leucocephala in South Africa
- Author
-
T. Olckers and Morag Sharratt
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Leucaena leucocephala ,biology ,Macrophthalmus ,Phenology ,Biological pest control ,food and beverages ,Parasitism ,medicine.disease_cause ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Invasive species ,010602 entomology ,Agronomy ,Seedling ,Insect Science ,Infestation ,medicine ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Introduced from Central America for agroforestry, Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit (Fabaceae) has become invasive in several tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. The seed beetle Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus (Schaeffer) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) was released in South Africa in 1999 to curb the plant’s high seed production. Monthly sampling was conducted during 2011/2012 at four sites in KwaZulu-Natal Province to determine the reproductive phenology of L. leucocephala populations, the levels of seed damage inflicted by A. macrophthalmus, and the extent to which the beetle has recruited native parasitoids. There were typically two podding cycles annually, with variations in peak pod production between sites and periods of very low seed availability. The levels of pre-dispersal seed damage on canopy-held pods were erratic, fluctuating greatly between months and sites, and seldom exceeding 50%. Levels of post-dispersal damage on soil-surface seeds were substantially lower, seldom exceeding 5%. Parasitism of the larval/pupal stages of A. macrophthalmus also varied between months and sites, reaching a maximum of 45%. There was a moderate but significant negative correlation between percentage seed damage and seed availability, indicating higher damage during periods of seed scarcity. In contrast, there was no significant correlation between percentage parasitism and seed infestation by A. macrophthalmus. These trends suggest that neither A. macrophthalmus nor its recruited parasitoids are tracking resource availability, ensuring a negligible impact on seedling recruitment. Additional seed-reducing agents, particularly insects that exploit green pods, are required to regulate L. leucocephala populations in South Africa.
- Published
- 2019
42. Overdiagnosis of COPD in Subjects With Unobstructed Spirometry
- Author
-
Lea Sator, Andreas Horner, Michael Studnicka, Bernd Lamprecht, Bernhard Kaiser, Mary Ann McBurnie, A. Sonia Buist, Luisa Gnatiuc, David M. Mannino, Christer Janson, Eric D. Bateman, Peter Burney, NanShan Zhong, Shengming Liu, Jiachun Lu, Pixin Ran, Dali Wang, Jingping Zheng, Yumin Zhou, Ali Kocabaş, Attila Hancioglu, Ismail Hanta, Sedat Kuleci, Ahmet Sinan Turkyilmaz, Sema Umut, Turgay Unalan, Torkil Dawes, Eric Bateman, Anamika Jithoo, Desiree Adams, Edward Barnes, Jasper Freeman, Anton Hayes, Sipho Hlengwa, Christine Johannisen, Mariana Koopman, Innocentia Louw, Ina Ludick, Alta Olckers, Johanna Ryck, Janita Storbeck, Thorarinn Gislason, Bryndis Benedikdtsdottir, Kristin Jörundsdottir, Lovisa Gudmundsdottir, Sigrun Gudmundsdottir, Gunnar Gundmundsson, Ewa Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, Jakub Frey, Rafal Harat, Filip Mejza, Pawel Nastalek, Andrzej Pajak, Wojciech Skucha, Andrzej Szczeklik, Magda Twardowska, Tobias Welte, Isabelle Bodemann, Henning Geldmacher, Alexandra Schweda-Linow, Amund Gulsvik, Tina Endresen, Lene Svendsen, Wan C. Tan, Wen Wang, John Cain, Rebecca Copeland, Dana Hazen, Jennifer Methvin, Renato B. Dantes, Lourdes Amarillo, Lakan U. Berratio, Lenora C. Fernandez, Norberto A. Francisco, Gerard S. Garcia, Teresita S. de Guia, Luisito F. Idolor, Sullian S. Naval, Thessa Reyes, Camilo C. Roa, Ma. Flordeliza Sanchez, Leander P. Simpao, Christine Jenkins, Guy Marks, Tessa Bird, Paola Espinel, Kate Hardaker, Brett Toelle, Peter G.J. Burney, Caron Amor, James Potts, Michael Tumilty, Fiona McLean, E.F.M. Wouters, G.J. Wesseling, Cristina Bárbara, Fátima Rodrigues, Hermínia Dias, João Cardoso, João Almeida, Maria João Matos, Paula Simão, Moutinho Santos, Reis Ferreira, Inga Sif Olafsdottir, Katarina Nisser, Ulrike Spetz-Nyström, Gunilla Hägg, Gun-Marie Lund, Rain Jõgi, Hendrik Laja, Katrin Ulst, Vappu Zobel, Toomas-Julius Lill, Parvaiz A. Koul, Sajjad Malik, Nissar A. Hakim, Umar Hafiz Khan, Rohini Chowgule, Vasant Shetye, Jonelle Raphael, Rosel Almeda, Mahesh Tawde, Rafiq Tadvi, Sunil Katkar, Milind Kadam, Rupesh Dhanawade, Umesh Ghurup, Imed Harrabi, Myriam Denguezli, Zouhair Tabka, Hager Daldoul, Zaki Boukheroufa, Firas Chouikha, Wahbi Belhaj Khalifa, Fernando G. Ayuyao, Cecil Z. Tady, Daniel T. Tan, Sylvia Banal-Yang, Vincent M. Balanag, Maria Teresita N. Reyes, Sanjay Juvekar, Siddhi Hirve, Somnath Sambhudas, Bharat Chaidhary, Meera Tambe, Savita Pingale, Arati Umap, Archana Umap, Nitin Shelar, Sampada Devchakke, Sharda Chaudhary, Suvarna Bondre, Savita Walke, Ashleshsa Gawhane, Anil Sapkal, Rupali Argade, Vijay Gaikwad, Sundeep Salvi, Bill Brashier, Jyoti Londhe, Sapna Madas, Daniel Obaseki, Gregory Erhabor, Olayemi Awopeju, and Olufemi Adewole
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Spirometry ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Chronic bronchitis ,Population ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,FEV1/FVC ratio ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Wheeze ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Overdiagnosis ,education ,Asthma ,education.field_of_study ,COPD ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,030228 respiratory system ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Background There are several reports on underdiagnosis of COPD, while little is known about COPD overdiagnosis and overtreatment. We describe the overdiagnosis and the prevalence of spirometrically defined false positive COPD, as well as their relationship with overtreatment across 23 population samples in 20 countries participating in the BOLD Study between 2003 and 2012. Methods A false positive diagnosis of COPD was considered when participants reported a doctor's diagnosis of COPD, but postbronchodilator spirometry was unobstructed (FEV1/FVC > LLN). Additional analyses were performed using the fixed ratio criterion (FEV1/FVC Results Among 16,177 participants, 919 (5.7%) reported a previous medical diagnosis of COPD. Postbronchodilator spirometry was unobstructed in 569 subjects (61.9%): false positive COPD. A similar rate of overdiagnosis was seen when using the fixed ratio criterion (55.3%). In a subgroup analysis excluding participants who reported a diagnosis of "chronic bronchitis" or "emphysema" (n = 220), 37.7% had no airflow limitation. The site-specific prevalence of false positive COPD varied greatly, from 1.9% in low- to middle-income countries to 4.9% in high-income countries. In multivariate analysis, overdiagnosis was more common among women, and was associated with higher education; former and current smoking; the presence of wheeze, cough, and phlegm; and concomitant medical diagnosis of asthma or heart disease. Among the subjects with false positive COPD, 45.7% reported current use of respiratory medication. Excluding patients with reported asthma, 34.4% of those with normal spirometry still used a respiratory medication. Conclusions False positive COPD is frequent. This might expose nonobstructed subjects to possible adverse effects of respiratory medication.
- Published
- 2019
43. Psychometric properties of the Psychological Ownership Questionnaire
- Author
-
Chantal Olckers, Llewellyn Ellardus van Zyl, and Human Performance Management
- Subjects
Self-efficacy ,050103 clinical psychology ,belongingness ,05 social sciences ,self-identity ,050109 social psychology ,Belongingness ,Territoriality ,measurement invariance ,accountability ,territoriality ,Accountability ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Measurement invariance ,Psychology ,self-efficacy ,Social psychology ,General Psychology - Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the multi-dimensional Psychological Ownership Questionnaire when applied in an organisational context. Method: A cross-sectional survey research design was employed (N = 953) to investigate the factorial validity, internal consistency, measurement invariance, and concurrent validity of the instrument. Results: The results showed that the five-dimensional factor structure of the Psychological Ownership Questionnaire could be confirmed. No configural, scalar, and metric invariances among different age cohorts were shown. The instrument showed reliability at both a lower (Cronbach's alpha) and upper (composite reliability) limit level. In relating the instrument to turnover intention, its concurrent validity was established. Conclusion: The Psychological Ownership Questionnaire seem to be a useful, valid, and reliable self-report questionnaire for the assessment of psychological ownership within a South African organisational context.
- Published
- 2019
44. Development of a measure for perceived employment relationship quality (PERQ)
- Author
-
Chantal Olckers, Lukas I. Ehlers, and Willem Adriaan Potgieter
- Subjects
Measure (data warehouse) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Perspective (graphical) ,050209 industrial relations ,Workplace relationships ,General Medicine ,Compliance (psychology) ,Perception ,0502 economics and business ,Quality (business) ,Justice (ethics) ,Construct (philosophy) ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
Studies have shown that employees react negatively towards negative supervisory behaviour. Therefore, a questionnaire that could measure the quality of various aspects of the employment relationship could be a useful tool for managing and promoting healthy employment relationships. In the light of this, the aim of this study was to develop a questionnaire that measured the perceived quality of the employment relationship from the employee’s perspective. A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted on a non-probability convenience sample of 248 employees from various organisations and sectors in South Africa. Although a 39-item questionnaire was developed across four theoretical dimensions, namely trust, fairness, good faith and justice, the analysis revealed that only two dimensions, labelled social factors and compliance factors and measured by 20 items, were sufficient to measure the desired construct. This questionnaire, which measures the perceived employment relationship quality, could be used as a diagnostic tool by management and HR professionals to determine the state of supervisory relationships in an organisation, and to address any problems brought to the fore, thereby avoiding turnover costs related to negative workplace relationships.
- Published
- 2019
45. SAAFS: the establishment of a representative body for forensic science in South Africa
- Author
-
Marise Heyns, G. Saayman, and A. Olckers
- Subjects
Forensic science ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,History ,Anthropology ,010401 analytical chemistry ,030216 legal & forensic medicine ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Representation (politics) - Abstract
Forensic Science practitioners in South Africa did not have a representative or a regulatory body and for many years some individuals have vocalized the need for such a representative body. In 2016...
- Published
- 2019
46. Science, law and the media – the reality of practising forensic science in South Africa
- Author
-
P. G. Erasmus, Annelize van der Merwe, and Antonel Olckers
- Subjects
Breda ,Forensic science ,Court case ,biology ,State (polity) ,Law ,Political science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,ComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTING ,biology.organism_classification ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,media_common - Abstract
The practice of forensic science has changed irrevocably in South Africa in 2017 with the request by the media to live-stream the State vs van Breda court case. The entire trial was broadcast and c...
- Published
- 2019
47. Multidisciplinary perspectives on grit: contemporary theories, assessments, applications and critiques
- Author
-
Leoni van der Vaart, Llewellyn Ellardus van Zyl, Chantal Olckers, and Human Performance Management
- Subjects
Persistence (psychology) ,Multidisciplinary approach ,media_common.quotation_subject ,perseverance ,Environmental ethics ,Passion ,persistence ,Grit ,Psychology ,media_common - Abstract
This volume provides a multi-disciplinary perspective on grit, its measurement, manifestation and development. Specifically, it aims to provide a comprehensive and balanced retort to the criticises associated with the construct within the contemporary positive psychological literature. These critiques are firmly cantered around the lack of consensus in girt’s conceptualization, measurement, and management as well as how it differs from other psychological constructs such as conscientiousness, diligence or determination. This lack in consensus resulted in various new ‘theories’, psychometric instruments, and interventions to rapidly emerge from other disciplines. These developments could lead to either seminal advancements in the understanding of grit or lead grit to becoming yet another victim of the ‘jingle-jangle fallacy’. Therefore, this volume aims to provide a thorough multidisciplinary reappraisal- and consolidation of the nature, function, measurement and implications of grit in order to effectively advance the science of achievement. Written by a team of multi-disciplinary experts in fields ranging from neuroscience, sociology, and education to human resource management and psychology, this volume firmly positions Grit within the discipline of positive psychology’s nomological lexicon.
- Published
- 2021
48. Developing Gritty Job Seekers: A Need-Supportive Approach to Grit Interventions
- Author
-
van der Vaart, Leoni, van Zyl, Llewellyn Ellardus, van Wingerden, Jessica, van Zyl, Llewellyn E., Olckers, Chantal, and Human Performance Management
- Subjects
business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Unemployed ,Psychological intervention ,SDG 8 - Decent Work and Economic Growth ,Context (language use) ,Grit ,Public relations ,Growth-mindset ,Positive psychological intervention ,Intervention (law) ,Seekers ,Unemployment ,SDG 8 – Fatsoenlijk werk en economische groei ,perseverance ,Personality ,Passion ,Psychology ,business ,Interventions ,Meaning (linguistics) ,media_common - Abstract
Optimizing job search performance of unemployed job seekers remains a priority for unemployment researchers and practitioners alike. Grit, as a non-cognitive personality trait, may play an essential role in optimizing job search performance. However, grit is largely ignored in the context of unemployment. This chapter first contends that grit interventions should be developed for and implemented in the unemployment context. Secondly, it proposes practical strategies on how job seekers could develop the psychological conditions of grit (interest, deliberate practice, hope, meaning and purpose). Thirdly, it provides an overview of strategies which could be employed to develop a growth-mindset within the unemployed. Finally, it argues how self-determination theory (SDT) could be used to create a need supportive environment which is important to facilitate the job seeker's adherence to, engagement with grit intervention strategies. In doing so, the chapter contributes to the limited literature on grit interventions, in general, but also more specifically in the unemployment context. It also contributes to incorporating SDT principles in the delivery of grit interventions.
- Published
- 2021
49. Exploring the Grit-Performance and Grit-Career Success Relationship: The Role of Psychological Ownership
- Author
-
Chantal Olckers and Eileen Koekemoer
- Subjects
business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Context (language use) ,Empirical research ,Talent management ,Trait ,Personality ,Grit ,Psychology ,Construct (philosophy) ,business ,Social psychology ,media_common ,Career development - Abstract
Recently, particular attention is being given to grit (as a personality trait) and its associated individual and organisational outcomes. Gritty individuals are more likely to remain interested in achieving their goals over an extended period, despite failure, adversity and setbacks. As a result, literature suggest relationships between grit and outcomes such as career success and performance. However, empirical studies investigating these direct relationships are inconclusive, since findings indicate these relationships as weak to moderate. Although gritty employees might perform better or experience career success, what remains unclear are understanding the theoretical and psychological mechanisms (possible influencing variables) through which grit may lead to performance or career success. Using the distal-proximal framework, the argument are being made that grit as a distal personality trait is unlikely to have a direct effect on work behaviour, but rather indirectly through proximal motivational variables. Thus, for the transformation of distal attributes (e.g. grit) to increase performance, the proximal mechanisms (possible influencing variables) becomes significant. Once such possible proximal- mechanism (influencing variable) that have already been linked with employees’ performance and attachment to their careers, is psychological ownership. Psychological ownership is defined as a cognitive-affective state in which an individual feels a sense of ownership for a target that could be tangible or intangible in nature. Through a review of existing literature, we explore the possible associations or the influencing role that psychological ownership may play in the relationship between grit and employees’ task performance and perceived subjective career success. Based on the distal-proximal perspective we propose that psychological ownership as a proximate, domain-specific flexible psychological construct which may influence both the grit-performance as well as grit-subjective career success relationship. To date, no research has explored these relationships theoretically based on extant literature. Thus, this chapter aims to contribute to the field of career development and talent management by exploring whether grit, as a trait, could play a role in enhancing employees’ task performance and perceptions of career through psychological ownership within an organisational context providing a possible basis for future empirical studies.
- Published
- 2021
50. Data commercialisation in the South African Health Care Context
- Author
-
Marietjie Botes, A Olckers, and M Labuschaigne
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Status quo ,privacy protection ,data sharing ,Data management ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Big data ,Data commercialisation ,intellectual property ,data ownership ,genomic research ,Protection of Personal Information Act 4 of 2013 ,Context (language use) ,Health care ,Privacy protection ,Confidentiality ,media_common ,business.industry ,Intellectual property ,K1-7720 ,Public relations ,Genomic research ,Data sharing ,Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ,Data ownership ,Law ,business ,Personally identifiable information - Abstract
Realisation of the value and the commercialisation potential of data is gaining exponential momentum. The combination of historical data exploitations and the use of technologies that allow for the triangulation of data results in the collection, storage, and processing of massive amounts of data require diligent data management, including adherence to privacy and other laws, both nationally and internationally. The intrinsic value of scientific data, especially in genomics, becomes apparent when data are shared, often in collaboration with international partners, and compiled into big data sets that are subsequently used for benefit, including commercial benefit. The purpose of this article is to explore the commercialisation of data in South Africa against the backdrop of the legal framework governing the protection of personal information, confidentiality and privacy, with a specific focus on genetic and genomic information. Related issues, such as the collection and sharing of data, ownership of data and challenges about informed consent are also considered. After a brief evaluation of the African regulatory landscape relating to the protection of personal information, the article concludes with a few recommendations aimed at improving the status quo and sensitising the South African public as to the value of their data and personal information, as well as the potential uses and abuses to which their personal information may be subjected
- Published
- 2021
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.