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Pulp Out, paste-contained jatropha sap, sidaguri roots, and melittin, has been studied to have potency used as an herbal-based devitalizing agent. Prior to clinical application, the toxicity of Pulp Out should be evaluated as it might leak from the cavity unintentionally and get into the digestive systems, which can cause either local or systemic effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of Pulp Out application on periodontal and periapical tissue as well as acute toxicity in Wistar rats. The paste was inserted into the periapical tissue. After 7 days, the periapical tissue was isolated for histopathological evaluation. Pulp Out in an oral suspension of 50, 500 and 2500 mg/kg BW was administered. Autonomic nerve signs were observed intensively every 4 h as well as water and food consumption for 14 days. Biochemical, hematologic parameters and specific organs were evaluated. Therefore, considering the inflammatory lymphocyte cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts, Pulp Out is not toxic. The acute toxicity study revealed no treatment-related death was observed, indicating that LD

Due to the increasing interest in direct restoration, there is a need to address the shortcomings of these restorations, mainly by increasing the longevity of complex direct restorations. The present study aimed to evaluate the tensile strength differences in the complex restoration of posterior teeth with dentin replacement constructed by fiber and non-fiber materials. The samples were extracted from the mandibular permanent-molar and prepared using a complex cavity. The cavity was subsequently restored with the centripetal incremental technique using a nano-fill composite and different base materials, namely fiber dentin replacement, non-fiber dentin replacement, and flowable composite. The universal testing machine was used to consider the tensile strength and the fracture patterns were assessed using stereomicroscopy, followed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) examination. The data were statistically analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test. No significant differences were noted in the tensile strength of the three base materials. By using stereomicroscopy and SEM, the adhesive fracture patterns were observed more clearly in the cavities with fiber-based dentin replacement, whereas mixed fracture patterns were evident in cavities with non-fiber dentin replacement and flowable composite bases. The results indicated that the addition of fiber in dentin replacement did not affect the tensile strength in the complex restoration. Therefore, dentin replacement of both fiber and non-fiber materials is applicable as a base material for complex restoration of the posterior tooth.

Background: Haruan fish (Channa striatus) extract (HFE) contains all the essential amino acids and fatty acids that it is believed to have therapeutic value, accelerate wound healing and anti-inflammation. This study was aimed to examine the viability of odontoblast MDPC-23 cell lines following the addition of HFE in toxin of Lactobacillus sp. and/or Ca(OH)2. Materials and Methods: Firstly, to find antiproliferative effective doses, MDPC-23 cells were treated with HFE. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay on 24 h after the last treatment. While cell death was induced by addition toxin and/or Ca(OH)2 following adding antiproliferative effective doses of HFE (25.0; 50.0; and 100 µg/mL). Untreated cells were used as control. Result: Adding of HFE at range 25.0 till 100 µg/mL increased the MDPC-23 cells viability. MDPC-23 on toxin and/or Ca(OH)2 reported decrease the viability of cells, while supplemented with HFE significantly increase in cell viability compared to untreated cell (p

Objective: To elicit the structure of isolated compounds from roots of sidaguri ( Sida rhombifolia Linn). Material and Methods: Several organic standard protocols were involved, including extraction, fractionation, and phytochemical testing. Further spectroscopy methods, FTIR and 1HNMR, were used to determine the predicted structure of molecules, while their ability to inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX 1 and 2) were tested using in vitro method. Results: Overall assessments showed that the structure of the sidaguri is a long chain aliphatic carboxylic acid and identified as Z-3, 6, 6 trimethylhept-2-en-1-ol (T12) and nonanoic (T13). Both isolates significantly inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 non-selectively (the COX-1/COX-2 ratio for T12 was 0.91 and 0.82; while COX-1/COX-2 ratio for T13 was 0.89 and 0.87 at concentrations of 0.05 and 0.025 µg/mL respectively). Conclusion: The active compounds of Sidaguri have anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting COX non-selectively.

this study aims to evaluate effectiveness difference between convex triangular and rectangular cross section rotary instruments on root canal Enterococcus faecalis bacteria colonies. Samples mandibular premolar teeth with one narrow and straight root canal divided into 3 groups : instrumented with convex triangular cross section rotary instruments, rectangular cross section rotary instruments, and convex triangular cross section manual instruments. Each group consisted of 9 samples. Standardized teeth length, instrumented to #15 K-file and sterilized. E. faecalis suspension in BHIB was standardized then 27 root canals contaminated. Root canals were incubated for 21 days. Every 48 hours root canals added with BHIB. Initial samples were collected, plated in agar culture medium and incubated for bacterial count. and then bacterial count was performed again. Data were collected and analysed using Paired T-test and ANOVAThe results showed there are significant difference on Enterococcus faecalis bacteria colonies amount before and after preparation with all instruments that was used and bacterial reduction amount in root canals were greater on convex triangular cross section instruments than on rectangular cross section instruments even there was no significant difference.

This study was aimed to determine the effect of epoxy resin-based and MTA-based sealer on fiber post bond strength in the root canal wall.Samples are mandibulary first premolar, with a single root canal. They are divided into three groups: negative control group which is a gutta percha obturation without sealer, gutta percha obturation with epoxy resin based sealer [AH Plus], and gutta percha obturation with MTA-based sealer [MTA Fillapex] groups. Samples were decoronated, prepared, obturated and then stored in the incubator at room temperature for one week, the post space were prepared for fiber post insertion. Samples were mounted in the PVC pipes before insertion. Samples were stored in the incubator for one day before bond strength testing. Universal testing machine was used with the speed of 0,5 mm/minutes. Data were collected and analysed using ANOVA.The result showed that the fiber post bond strength in the root canal obturated with epoxy resin-based sealer was higher [12.311 N/mm2] than MTA-based sealer [10.786 N/mm2], but that result was not statistically significant. Therefore, it was concluded that the root canal obturated with epoxy resin-based sealer did not yield a significant bond strength [p = 0.689] compared to MTA-based sealer [p> 0.05].

One disease that often affects the pulp is necrotic teeth, which are caused by some irritants. Most major irritants aremicrobes, such as bacteria. This study aimed to determine the type of bacteria in the necrotic root canal. Samples wereobtained from fifteen patients with necrotic teeth in Conservation Clinic of Dental Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry,Hasanuddin University. Specimens of bacteria from samples taken using paper points were inserted into the root canal.The specimens identified in the Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine. The results showed that there areseven types of bacteria that vary in number, most are gram-positive facultative anaerobic bacteria Actinomyces spp. Itwas concluded that Actinomyces spp. is the dominant species of bacteria on the necrotic tooth root canal.

Diastema in the anterior teeth is a common aesthetic problem, which interfere confidence of patients. The cause of a diastema let known with certainty in advance before preparing the treatment plan. Management diastema closure on anterior teeth can use veneer. Veneer restorations can be made by direct technique with composite materials and indirect use porselen material. The purpose of this literature review is to discuss case management of diastema in the anterior teeth using veneer restorations with direct and indirect techniques.

These results suggest that ethanol extract of S.rhombifolia roots heve potential to be developed as dentistry fomula. Many herbs are usually procticed by Indonesian people to treat tooth pain, one of them is the roots of S. rhombifolia . However there are lack studies ini dentistry to evaluate them either pharmacological activities.

This study examined the effect of tannic acid solution on dissolution of dentine collagen and morphological aspects of tendon collagen. Using root dentine, which was cut off from bovine anterior tooth, dentine powders were obtained by the pulverization and lyophilization. They were subject to an application of 1, 3, 5 or 10% tannic acid (TA) solution for 1, 3, 6, 12 or 24 h. TA-treated dentine powders were treated with 40% phosphoric acid (PA) for 30 s at 20 °C and additionally with trypsin. Released hydroxyproline in Woessner's assay after a hydrolysis in 6 N HCl at 110 °C for 20 h was assumed to be dissolved dentine collagen. Released hydroxyproline in a control sample without acid treatment decreased from 100 to about 60% with increased TA concentration of 1 to 10%, and decreased with increased incubation times of 1 to 24 h when applied by 5% TA solution. Scanning electron microscopy results established the morphological effect of their surface characteristics due to such treatments as 40% PA for 30 s and 5% TA for 6 h, or 40% PA after 5% TA treatment, yielding collagen structures protected by TA to attack from phosphoric acid.

Restoration in endodontic treated teeth are essential to the success of endodontic treatment. Endodonik treated teeth with less network structure, required stake intrarradikuler to increase retention and resistance. Intrarradikuler post with metal materials is one of the post are often used, if the retention and resistance intrarradikuler post used inadequate, will be the cause of fractures stake. One method used to remove the post fracture intrarradikuler is by ultrasonic methods. A 52 year old woman came to Hasanuddin University Dental Hospital with complaints upper right front tooth was broken. Such teeth are never restored, and began to feel sick since two months ago. The results of radiographic examination showed tooth 13 had been treated and there is a fracture of the root canal intrarradikuler stake therein. To be able to restore the function of the teeth, necessary expenditure post fracture intrarradikuler using ultrasonic methods after that do the root canal treatment (retreatment) before re restored. The ultrasonic method can be an alternative way to remove postintraradikuler fracture.

This study aims to determine the characteristics of the microhardness impairment root canal dentin after application with different types of EDTA. Samples mandibular premolar teeth with one root canal, each divided into 4 groups: EDTA solution, EDTA gel, EDTA cream and negative control; and each group consisted of 6 samples. The teeth were decoronated at cementoenamel junction (CEJ), prepared by the crown down pressureless technique, cut along longitudinal direction, and each sample was attached to selfcured acrylic and then soaked in distilled water. Samples were taken early microhardness measurement by means of Digital Vickers Microhardness Tester. The sample is then applied to the appropriate group of materials EDTA for 5 minutes, except for the negative control group, soaked in saline solution for 5 menit, then performed the final measurement of microhardness of dentin. The results of measurements taken from the average value of measurements made at 3 points, coronal, middle and apical. Data were collected and analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s Post Hoc test.The results showed there are differences in dentin microhardness decrease significantly in all treatment groups compared to the negative control group (p 0.05 which means there is no difference in microhardness reduction in dentin significantly among the test group.

This study aim to compare the smear layer clearance on the apical third of the root canal walls instrumented with convex triangular cross- section designed hand instruments, rectangular cross-section and convex triangular cross-section designed rotary instruments. Mandibular premolars that met the inclusion criteria were divided into 3 groups of 10 samples, and prepared using convex triangular cross section design hand instruments, convex triangular cross-section and rectangular cross-section design rotary instruments. After preparation and drainage, the sample was cut into halves using a stainless steel chisel, a section was randomly selected and examined using SEM with 1000 X. This study showed that the smear layer clearance of hand instrument group was the lowest compared to other two groups, the rotary instruments with rectangular cross-section design showed the highest percentage smear layer clearance among the three groups. It was concluded that root canal preparation using a rotary instrument design convex triangular cross section produces hygiene apical third of the canal walls of the smear layer significantly compared to manual instruments designed convex triangular cross section and root canal preparation with a rotary instrument design of rectangular cross section produces hygiene apical third of the wall root canal of the smear layer significantly compared convex design of triangular cross section. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai perbedaan kebersihan sepertiga apikal dinding saluran akar dari smear layer antara preparasi yang menggunakan hand use dan rotary instrument design convex triangular cross section dengan rotary instrument design rectangular cross section . Sampel gigi premolar rahang bawah yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dibagi 3 kelompok, masing-masing sebanyak 10 sampel, lalu dipreparasi dengan menggunakan instrumen hand use design convex triangular cross section , rotary instrument design convex triangular cross section , dan rotary instrument design rectangul a r cross section. Setelah dipreparasi, sampel dikeringkan, gigi dibelah dua menggunakan stainless steel chisel . Salah satu belahan gigi dipilih secara acak, kemudian diamati dengan SEM (pembesaran 1000x). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok hand use instrument mempunyai persentase kebersihan smear layer yang paling rendah, sedangkan kelompok rotary instrument rectangular cross section memiliki persentase yang paling tinggi. Disimpulkan bahwa preparasi saluran akar menggunakan rotary instrument design convex triangular cross section menghasilkan kebersihan sepertiga apikal dinding saluran akar dari smear layer secara signifikan dibandingkan manual instrument design convex triangular cross section dan preparasi saluran akar dengan menggunakan rotary instrument desain rectangular cross section menghasilkan kebersihan sepertiga apikal dinding saluran akar dari smear layer secara signifikan dibandingkan desain convex triangular cross section .

Urethane monomer/diluent monomer mixtures were used in dental composite resin veneering materials filled with various ratios of powder (filler)/liquid (comonomer), P/L. Hardness values of unfilled resins containing benzoyl peroxide only (BP0; 0.5 wt%), and filled resins (included trimethylol propane trimethacrylate (TMPT) composite filler) were tested. Significant increases in hardness were obtained with the use of TMPT composite filler in the resins. Also, their modulus values measured by bend test showed an increasing trend, compared to a commercial composite resin veneering material (a control sample; CONT) with a lower filler content (50 wt%). The DME–DPMDC/HPDM comonomer (dimethacryloxyethyl diphenylmethane-4,4′-dicarbamate/hydroxypropyl dimethacrylate), which showed a smaller fraction of surface porosity, gave greater mechanical strength values at P/L ratios of 0.55 (17.8 wt% filler content) to 1.20 (27.3 wt%) than a CONT resin. The coefficient of thermal expansion was smaller in urethane-based filling materials than a CONT resin. Also, greater activation energy of thermal decomposition was observed in the resin samples with P/L ratio 0.75 to 1.20 than in a CONT resin. Thermally-induced decomposition occurred with smaller weight loss in the experimental filled resins than in a CONT resin.