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A two-level full factorial design with interactions was effectively used to screen for parameters impacting the degradation of Direct Red 89 (DR89) by thermally activated persulfate. Four variables were identified as critical: reaction temperature, persulfate concentration, initial pH of medium, and initial DR89 concentration. The goodness of fit of the reduced model was tested by generating plots of descriptive statistic, residuals versus predicted responses, normal probability versus residuals, and observed versus predicted values, as well as examining the analysis of variance table. The observed and the predicted response values of the reduced model exhibited a good correlation, with R2, [Formula: see text] , Q2, and p of 0.990, 0.983, 0.968, and 0.000, respectively. To determine optimal operating parameters, the desirability function was utilized, and it was determined to be 0.988 with a predicted response of 99.89% for an initial DR89 concentration of 51.96 mg/L, a persulfate concentration of 12 mmol/L, a reaction temperature of 60 °C, and a pH of 3.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a Gram-positive bacterium causing a wide range of human infections, leading to life-threatening invasive disorders, hospitalization, and mortality. Producing β-lactamase enzymes in S. aureus is one of the main mechanisms of the pathogen that makes the bacteria resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics, resulting in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains. Therefore, it is crucial to identify novel β-lactamase inhibitors to combat infections caused by MRSA strains. Methods: In silico virtual screening approach was executed to evaluate the binding affinity of several natural flavonoids to the MRSA β-lactamase active site. After that, the stability of interactions between top inhibitors and the residues incorporated inside the β-lactamase was examined by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Moreover, the most connected amino acid within the catalytic domain of the enzyme was determined. Results: Rutin, isoquercitrin, nicotiflorin, quercetin-3-rhamnoside, vicenin-2, quercitrin, and orientin demonstrated a salient binding affinity with the β-lactamase active site (ΔG binding < −10 kcal/mol). Interestingly, the inhibition constant value (Ki) for rutin was estimated at the picomolar scale. The docked poses of these compounds were demonstrated to be stable. Moreover, Gln237 was revealed to be the most crucial residue involved in ligand binding. Conclusion: Rutin, isoquercitrin, nicotiflorin, quercetin-3-rhamnoside, vicenin-2, quercitrin, and orientin may be potent inhibitors of β-lactamase and may be helpful for the treatment of several invasive infections caused by MRSA strains. However, experimental studies are needed in the future to validate our findings.

Studying and monitoring the amount of displacement caused by changes in the shape of the earth's surface is one of the important and practical studies in various topics of geology and geophysics, which plays a significant role in the prevention and behavior of natural disasters such as earthquakes, subsidence, and landslides. Among them, there are various methods for geodetic measurements and monitoring of these deformations, among them the radar interferometric technique with the capabilities of producing wide, frequent and continuous ground covers, as well as high temporal and spatial resolution, is one of the techniques has become importantand significant. Landslides in the Yilagh area of GlenrodRoyan, Noor city, caused a lot of damage to some residential areas, gardens and roads of several villages in the region. Due to the movement of the earth, water and electricity have been cut off in some areas. About one kilometer of the north-south road has been destroyed and the most damage has been done to the houses of Foulad welfare complex. After passing through a long period (more than 60 years) of drought, the country of Iran has faced various risks in recent years, especially in 2018 and 2019, including floods and landslides. The aim of this thesis is to obtain the amount of displacements caused by the landslide in Glenrod region in 2019 using sentinel-1 satellite images by using the differential radar interferometry method using snap software. In this regard, from 4 satellite images It has been used during the years 2019-2020, and according to the results obtained, the largest landslide during the second period was 15 cm, which is based on the information obtained from the mapping organization and the opinion of geologists and experts in the region who stated that the largest displacement in area under report was March 2019 and it matches with the findings carried out by the present authors.

In the present study, a new series of 3,4- dihydropyrmidine2-(1 H) one derivatives(4a-f) which linked to 2-mercapto-3-phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone were synthesized by using the nucleophilic substitution reaction of 2-mercapto-3-phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone (1) and an appropriate 6-bromomethyl-3,4- dihydropyrmidine2-(1 H) one (3a-f) in the presence of KOH as a base and in CH3CN as solvent. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by means of IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, Mass spectroscopy, and Elemental analysis. The cytotoxicity of the newly synthesized compounds was evaluated in vitro against the human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line and human colon cancer cell line (HT-29) based on the results of the MTT assay. Our results indicated that compound 4b exerted the most cytotoxic effect in the two cell lines and the IC50 values were (4.25 ± 0.16 μM) for MCF-7 cell lines and (12.11 ± 0.76 μM) for HT-29 cell lines. Also, compound 4b induced apoptosis more than other compounds in the two cell lines. Therefore, compound 4b may be a potential anticancer agent.

The current definition of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays is laboratory-based and their analytical attributes and characteristics have drawn significant attention in the literature at least partly due to the lower concentration cut-offs and changes in concentrations (i.e., deltas) employed in different algorithms and pathways to manage patient care. We propose that pre-analytical conditions such as sample type, storage conditions, and other interferences may also have a significant impact on hs-cTn concentrations and clinical management. The purpose of this literature review is to provide a summary of important pre-analytical and interference studies affecting hs-cTn concentrations. A breakdown of the literature for the major diagnostic companies providing core laboratory instrumentation (i.e., Abbott, Beckman, Ortho, Roche, and Siemens) is also provided. Finally, three cases are highlighted where knowledge of pre-analytical factors aids the hs-cTn clinically discordant investigations. This review highlights the importance of pre-analytical variables, especially storage condition, sample handling, and blood tubes used (i.e., sample type) when interpreting hs-cTn assays. Additional studies are needed to further elaborate on pre-analytical variables (i.e., centrifugation, sample type, stability) and interferences for all hs-cTn assays in clinical use, as knowledge of these variables may aid in hs-cTn clinically discordant investigations.

With more than 50 years of proximity to Tehran metropolis, the Kehrizak waste center has had destructive effects on the environment with the development of Tehran and the significant increase in waste production, including the change of land use units that are always affected by natural events, human actions, social issues and Economic. In this research, using Landsat 8 satellite images and remote sensing technique, the land use changes of Kahrizek waste center in thematic maps that are more accessible to users. Five vegetation indices NDVI, EVI, SAVI, LAI and VCI and six supervised classifications are investigated. Several methods were evaluated, parameters of overall accuracy and kappa coefficient. For this research, 4 classes of soil, water, building (urban area) and agricultural land were selected, and the results showed that the maximum likelihood classification method was the best method with an overall accuracy of 90.99% and a kappa coefficient of 0.85 and high similarity. Then, using the maximum likelihood classification method as the most accurate method, a user map was prepared from all images from 2011 to 2022. After calculating the area of ​​the floors, the results showed that the area of ​​the building floor increased by 71% and the area of ​​the agricultural land floor decreased by 80%.

This study aims at sorting out the confusion among EFL teachers caused by the feature of multi-functionality ascribed to Discourse Markers, by studying them pragmatically from various perspectives. The study hypothesizes that the multifunctional aspect attributed to Discourse Markers resides in the social and situational factors in which they are used such as the gender of the speakers, the relationship between them, the topic they talk about, and its theme. It also hypothesizes that females and males are strategically different in terms of using discourse markers, which brings about the multifunctional feature of discourse markers. The results of the analysis show that males and females use the same Discourse Markers for different purposes. The type of topic has an impact on the participants to use a particular Discourse Marker over the other types. Participants who are in a solidary or symmetrical relationship employ Discourse Markers differently from other participants who are in an asymmetrical relationship. Participants arrange their speech according to the goal they want to reach and they subjectively use DMs accordingly. The general theme, which covers the entire discourse, guides the participants to use particular types of Discourse Markers that address its requirements. The capacity of Discourse Markers is generated by means of being semantically bleaching which leads them to serve more than one function.

In recent years removing environmental pollution has become one of the main concerns of human life. Air quality in cities depends on weather conditions and the amount of pollutants produced. Today, air pollution is one of the most complex problems of human societies, which has left many negative effects on the health of living beings, especially humans. In this research, the average monthly and annual concentrations of air contaminators in the air pollution measurement stations of the General Directorate of Environmental Protection of Tehran province in the years 2013 to 2019 were examined. By using google earth engine site [1]. Processes that GEE (Google Earth Engine) contains a consolidated resource of open-access RS (Remote Sensing) datasets, along with a variety of algorithms to extract information for Earth’s surface monitoring [2], and using maximum likelihood classification method it recognized that examining the spatial changes of pollutants in the areas where there was more construction, the amount of contaminators was also higher. In terms of time, however, no special changes have been observed for all gases. For AI (Aerosol Index) pollutant, no very specific changes were observed within the region. We have seen a growing trend for carbon monoxide pollutant. For the nitrogen oxide pollutant, we have not seen any growth during this period of time. For sulfur dioxide, we have seen a growing trend. Also, in terms of seasonal changes, air pollutants are more concentrated in winter.

تهدف الدراسة الى تحديد ومعرفة مدى تأثير تطبيق قواعد الحوكمة المصرفية في تعظيم القيمة السوقية في العمل المصرفي لعينة من المصارف في محافظة السليمانية، وقد ركزت مشكلة البحث على معرفة وقياس علاقات الارتباط والاثر لتطبيقات ومؤشرات الحوكمة المصرفية والقيمة السوقية للمصارف قيد البحث، جاءت الدراسة في اربع فصول تناول الأول في منهجية البحث والدراسات السابقة اما الفصل الثاني تتناول موضوعا عن الإطار النظري للحـــوكــــمة، فيما ينصرف الفصل الثالث في تحليل القيمة السوقية لاسهم المصارف عينة البحث، وأخيراً تخصص الفصل الأخير الجانب العملي في مناقشة نتائج التحليل والاختبار، وقد خرجت الدراسة بعدد من الاستنتاجات والمقترحات.

Rapid economic growth has increased the speed of resource changes and many of these changes have rapid and harmful effects Natural environment such as agriculture, forest, water resources, value Cultural things such as historical landscape and health Humans have put Land use changes directly It changes the resources of the earth, which affects the temperature and humidity causes changes in the climate and weather of the region as well It reduces cultivated areas [1]. Considering that one of the main prerequisites for the optimal use of land, obtaining information One of the patterns of land use over time is map design. Related specializations are one of the most important goals in management it is considered natural resource [2]. In recent years, preparing land use maps by digital classification of remote sensing data have been adverted as appropriate alternative for using this type of maps. Remote sensing is a modern and useful technique in updating land use maps and detecting new changes. In this research ArcGIS pro used for classification that is one of the most accurate and updated software for remote sensing’s process for detecting 4 main type of classes in Tehran city in IRAN. standard accuracy in satellite image processing is important criteria in this study with standard kappa coefficient accuracy, and overall accuracy of data calculated for each maps, by considering 4 essential classes in a major city and converted to maps of changes in linear regression concluded that build-up class have a significant slope increase 3422/3 (hectares), plant class is improving during the study period as 2821/71 (hectares) but these increment are inhomogeneous, water class has sharp drop as 443.52 (hectares), Then the most of decrement is for the barren area which named soil class as 5800.48 (hectares). Part of accuracy in this research depends on severity of the numbers of test samples which given for classification that are more than5000 pixels to assessment reliable results. According to the standards of kappa coefficient that provided in USGS earth data site all off maps are acceptable.

In the last decade, information technology tools have witnessed enormous development. Nowadays, they are used in all daily human tasks. Organizations and companies have recently started using information technology tools in all sectors. For example, the decision-making process is an essential task in all organizations. By using information technology components, companies can create a decision-making system that produces more accurate results with less time, effort, and cost. In this paper, the authors describe the role of information technology tools in the decision-making process. The impact of using information technology in the decision-making process was studied at a telecommunications company in Iraq. The authors use a descriptive-analytical method to describe this impact. They adopt a questionnaire to collect information and answer it. The analysis of the answers is done using SPSS. The findings indicate a link between using information technology tools and making sound decisions.

Dans un contexte de crise politique, économique et sociale sans précédent, une nouvelle Constitution a été adoptée en Tunisie le 25 juillet 2022, suite à un référendum constitutionnel qui s’est déroulé dans une atmosphère tendue et avec un faible taux de participation (estimé à un peu plus de 30 % des électeurs inscrits). Ce référendum a été organisé un an jour pour jour après le coup de force du Président de la République, lequel avait annoncé dans une allocution télévisée, au soir du 25 jui...

The entry management by exception came as an organizational variable that deserves study and research to achieve the necessary support. Where the intellectual orientations of the entrance to management exception is an essential way to advance the organization to possess unique and tremendous human skills in providing new ideas and enormous energies in order to serve the organization in the face of crises and therefore can through the employment of orientations or dimensions of management exception. Which is:(determine the authority, Delegation of authority, time management, evaluation and valuation of performance) towards making technical education organizations strong in front of the various effects of crises, including (health, scientific, administrative, legal and economic). So this research came to shed light on the problem of the role of management by exception in crisis management in technical education organizations. In addressing the research problem, the two researchers relied on presenting a theoretical framework on management by exception and crisis management and using a set of indicators such as the mean, percentages, and standard deviation. In describing the research variables according to the answers of the sample, which numbered (30) individuals. Statistical methods such as correlation coefficient, straight regression, and Cronbach's test in order to determine the nature of the relationship and test it between the dimensions of management by exception and crisis management in addressing the field side. In order to develop a scientific approach that enables the organizations under study to adopt the theories and applications of the above. Finally, the research yielded a number of important conclusions (that the delegation of authority and time management affect a more positive degree in crisis management). Which was based on to provide a set of recommendations that the researchers see appropriate for the advancement of technical education organizations in crises.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy (PRES) is a clinico radiological syndrome, which manifests itself by headaches, confusion, consciousness disorders or during a sudden rise in blood pressure but can be seen in other circumstances, such as during an immune reaction or a systemic infection. Its mechanism is explained by a lesion of the blood-brain barrier leading to a reversible vasogenic edema. The scarcity of sympathetic innervation of the posterior cerebral territories explains its usual localization. We report two cases of a 5 and 18 years old girl who presented with tonic-clonic seizures following a scorpion bite. An emergency brain MRI was performed, showing bilateral signal abnormalities of the posterior cortico-subcortical territories and basal ganglia, compatible with an atypical PRES syndrome. The diagnosis of PRES syndrome complicating a scorpion bite was retained.

Imam Abu Muhammad Ibn al-Akhdar is considered as one of the scholars of Iraq in the middle of the sixth century and the beginning of the seventh century. He had been known in the sciences of men, but as a result of hard times there has been lost much of the nation’s heritage. That loss includes the books and writings of Ibn al-Akhdar al-Baghdadi, but we were able to collect what was available to us from his sayings in he taught men it is discovered that about thirty sayings of him in al-Jarh and al-Ta’deel, and he relied on his sayings by scholars after him. We hope we may find something written from him in the future. God bless our master Muhammad and his family and companions.

This paper aimed to investigate and analyse the diametric and spatial distribution of Prunus avium populations in Tunisia. This study may help us document better information about the ecological processes and its functioning. Dendrometric and ecological data were collected on four square plots of an area of 1 ha each within two forests, Tabarka and Ain Draham, in northwest Tunisia. The results presented in this work show that P. avium individuals present a diametrical structure in the form of an "inverted J" translated by the dominance of the seedlings compared to the other classes. The analysis of the spatial distribution shows that wild cherry is identified by its aggregates and variable size (approximately 5 m and 20 m). It is coherent with the mode of vegetative propagation by suckering and the dispersal of fruits by birds. This investigation opens insight into other species to ensure good sustainable management of natural resources.

What drives the evolution of plumage color in birds? Bird color is likely to be under both natural and sexual selection where natural selection may favor evolution toward crypsis or camouflage whereas sexual selection may favor evolution toward conspicuousness. The responses to selection are predicted to relate to species’ ecology, behavior, and life history. Key hypotheses have focused on habitat and light environment, breeding strategy, territoriality, and hunting behavior. We tested these potential causes of color variation in the Coraciiformes, a colorful clade of non-passerine birds, using phylogenetic comparative methods and data on chromatic and achromatic properties of plumage coloration measured from museum specimens. We found that correlates of color evolution in Coraciiformes vary across body regions and depend on the focal color property (chromatic or achromatic properties of plumage coloration). While the light environment showed widespread effects on coloration in multiple body regions for both color properties, selection pressures related to behavioral characteristics had more spatially localized effects (e.g. territoriality on achromatic properties of wing feathers and hunting strategy on chromatic properties of belly feathers). Our results reveal both general patterns that may hold across other bird clades and more nuanced effects of selection that are likely to be mediated through the visual ecology of the signaler and receiver and the behavioral characteristics of Coraciiform species.

Introduction. Former research studies have demonstrated controversial associations between dietary indices and oxidative stress biomarkers including oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and malondialdehyde (MDA). So, in this cross-sectional study, we aimed to assess the association of dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC), oxidative balance score, and phytochemical index (PI) with ox-LDL/MDA in a healthy adult population of Shiraz, Iran. Methods. 236 individuals participated in this cross-sectional study. DTAC, OBS, and PI were calculated using a 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), which was previously validated in Iran. We measured ox-LDL and MDA in blood samples of the participants using commercially existing kits. Crude and adjusted models of linear regression were used to evaluate the relation of dietary indices with ox-LDL and MDA. Results. There was a significant association between ox-LDL and DTAC in both crude (β = −1.55; 95% CI: −2.53, −0.58; P-trend = 0.002) and adjusted (β = −1.65 95% CI: −2.66, −0.64; P-trend = 0.001) models. Also, a negative association was observed between ox-LDL and PI in the crude (β = −1.26 95% CI: −2.33, −0.29; P-trend = 0.01) and adjusted (β = −1.36 95% CI: −2.38, −0.34; P-trend = 0.01) models. Conclusion. Results of this study showed that DTAC and PI were inversely associated with ox-LDL as markers of lipid peroxidation. But no correlations were seen between MDA and dietary antioxidant indices.

This paper investigates an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-enabled network consisting of smart mobile devices and multiple UAVs as aerial base stations in a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) architecture. Mobile devices are partitioned into several clusters and offload their tasks to UAV servers via the Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) protocol. We aim to jointly maximize the number of served IMDs, the user scheduling, the number of UAVs, and their $3$ D placement. To this end, we formulate an optimization problem subject to some Quality of Service (QoS) constraints. Due to its non-convexity, we break the problem into two subproblems. We propose a machine-learning-based algorithm for the first subproblem, i.e., optimizing the UAVs' number and $3$ D placements, and the user association. Unlike existing literature, our algorithm achieves low computational complexity and fast convergence. The second subproblem, the user scheduling, is non-convex too. We utilize the $\ell_p$ -norm concept and optimize the user scheduling by applying the Successive Convex Approximation (SCA) algorithm. The aforementioned process is performed iteratively until convergence, and a near-optimal solution is achieved. Moreover, the computational complexity of the proposed scheme is analyzed. Regarding fast convergence and low computational complexity of the proposed algorithm, we confirm its superior performance through simulation results.

In this study, the influence of cyclic thermal loading on the mechanical response of an energy pile installed in saturated clay subjected to sustained combined axial/horizontal mechanical loading was investigated using physical modelling. After completion of the soil saturation process and prior to starting the thermo-mechanical loading, the pile fixation was released inducing pile head heave. When the rate of pile head heave became small, the model pile was subjected to compression axial loading of 100 N (i.e. 20% of the estimated ultimate axial load) followed by horizontal loading of 35, 71 and 109 N (corresponding to accumulative pile head horizontal displacements of 4, 7 and 12% of pile diameter) before subsequent 15 heating–cooling cycles. The results indicated that imposing heating–cooling cycles to the pile resulted in irreversible horizontal displacement, accumulating at a reducing rate as the number of thermal cycles increased. By the end of the 15th cycle, the accumulated irreversible horizontal displacement was estimated at 0·57, 1·15 and 1·84% of pile diameter under the horizontal loads of 35, 71 and 109 N, respectively. Reversely, thermally induced pile head axial displacement at the end of the 15th cycle is practically insignificant (smaller than 0·1% of pile diameter).

Today, we are dealing with a variety of indicators in the sustainability debate. These indicators bring sustainability to other concepts such as well-being, health, social cohesion, etc. are relevant and are considered at the time of design, planning, construction and operation; Therefore, designing a sustainability assessment system for different regions of Iran is essential and useful for sustainable development of this border and canvas. The aim of this study was to show the "indispensability of international systems for use in different regions and climates" and "the necessity of localization of evaluation systems", as well as emphasis on the necessity of designing evaluation system according to the problems and facilities of the bed, paying attention to spatial capacities, modeling of traditional sustainable climate architecture as well as ecological studies of cold and dry climate of Iran. This research tries to first prove the locality and regionality of these systems by analyzing the basis of production of stability assessment systems and the roots of weighting of international systems, and then, according to the basic indicators of stability, structure and elements of cold and dry climate architecture as well as indicators of evaluation of sustainable buildings of cold and dry climate of Iran.

This study discusses the preliminary assessment of I ndoor C ooling D egree N ecessity (ICDN) based upon the standard air temperature (Ta) value of 22 °C which is defined to be the standard upper mean temperature limit (Tl) for interior comfort as defined by the WHO. By considering indoor air temperature (TaI), levelled oscillations above Tl are utilised to determine indoor temperature extremes/frequencies at a 10 min temporal resolution during the months of July and August 2020 in Ankara. These recordings were undertaken through the use of an interior in-situ Meteorological Station (MS), simultaneously, an outdoor in-situ MS was also mounted outside the naturally ventilated dwelling with the identical measurement interval period. Moreover, to supplement the encompassing outdoor data collection, two WMO MSs were utilised in the study to account for both encompassing local peri-urban Esenboga (EMS) and Ankara’s urban (AMS) outdoor air temperatures (TaO) at a 1 h temporal resolution. In addition to the ICDN’s identified variation of Tl levels, which frequently remained between +7 °C and +10 °C during periods of accentuated urban outdoor heat stress; their direct/latent cause-and-effect relationship with newly defined local extreme heat thresholds were established. Relative to July and August 2020, a total of 19 Very Hot Days (VHD33), 10 Monthly Tropical Night (MRT20), and 4 Heatwave Events (HWE31) were determined. These thresholds further underlined the growing need to associate indoor and outdoor heat stress during local extreme heat events, particularly in more vulnerable residential contexts; and moreover, in an era of increasing heat stress as result of rapid urbanisation and climate change.