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Relations between parental responsiveness, demandingness and autonomy granting and empathy and aggression in adolescents between 12-21 years, in both the adolescents and parents’ perspective.

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The conceptualization of personality as both stable (i.e., trait-like) and fluctuating (i.e., state-like) has contributed tremendously to the understanding of the dynamics in people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in the past years. The fluctuating part of personality is often referred to as personality states. However, there is little consensus on how personality states should be measured. Measurement of personality states in previous studies differed in terms of the items used (e.g., adapting items from trait questionnaires, adjective scales), instructions (e.g., with reference to right now or in the last hour), or the response scales (e.g., bipolar or unipolar). What all these measurements have in common, however, is the underlying truism that any personality state can always be manifested. However, there might be everyday situations in which certain personality states are not relevant for most people (e.g., being empathetically while cooking alone). Yet, this aspect of the measurement of personality states has received little attention. Apart from Fleeson and Gallagher (2009) and McCabe and Fleeson (2012), almost all previous studies have not used such a “not relevant” response option, and, to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies that have empirically tested its consequences and usefulness. Therefore, the current study addresses this gap in the literature and explores the consequences and usefulness of a “not relevant” response option in personality state measurements. To do so, we conducted a three-day experience sampling study with two experimental groups: a group rating their personality states on a regular 5-point likert scale (“treatment as usual”, No-NR group) and a group rating their personality states on a 5-point likert scale that additionally offers “not relevant” as a response option (NR group).

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International audience; A total of 144 French selected breed (Galor) female guinea fowl (GF) of 42 wk of age were enrolled for a feeding trial of 15, 30, and 45 D duration. The birds were randomly assigned to 18 cages, each containing 8 birds. A total of 3 isonitrogenous and isocaloric dietary treatments were trialed, each diet comprising 6 replications (cages), which meant a total of 48 birds per diet. The GF were fed either a control diet C (commercial diet "FACI ponte 20", SIPRA, Ivory Coast, usually used for all poultry species) or the diet C supplemented with 5% Euphorbia heterophylla seeds (diet E) and the diet C supplemented with 5% Hevea seed meal (Hevea brasiliensis) (diet H). Animal performance were assessed for 3 periods (days 0 to 15, 0 to 30, and 0 to 45), and egg quality and composition were assessed at 15, 30, and 45 D of the trial. The results indicated no mortality during the trial. The laying rate was the highest (43.9%) with diet E and the lowest with diet C (32.5%), the laying rate with diet H being intermediate (38.5%). Diet E containing Euphor-bia seeds led to a reduced cholesterol content of the eggs. Additionally, inclusion of Euphorbia seeds and, to a lesser extent, of the Hevea seed meal in the diet led to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid enriched GF eggs, with thereby, improved nutritional value. A sensory test did not find any difference between the 3 diets on trial.

IntroductionInducible laryngeal obstruction (ILO) describes transient laryngeal closure during respiration and can cause significant morbidity. Non-pharmacological behavioural therapy is the commonly cited treatment but efficacy is largely unknown.AimTo synthesise the current evidence base on the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions used to treat adults with ILO.MethodsElectronic databases (Medline/Embase/CINAHL/PsycINFO/AMED/CENTRAL) were systematically searched, informed by a population, intervention, comparison, outcome framework. Two reviewers independently screened a representative sample, with lead-author completion due to excellent inter-rater reliability. Data was extracted using a predefined piloted form. Methodological quality was appraised (blindly by two reviewers) using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools. A narrative synthesis was performed due to heterogeneity of studies (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020213187).ResultsInitial searching identified 3359 records. Full-text screening occurred in 92 records and 14 studies, comprising 527 participants, were deemed eligible. All studies were low-level evidence (observational by design, with four case reports), with a high risk of bias; none contained control arms for comparison. Intervention description was inconsistently and poorly described but direction of effect was positive in 76% of outcomes measured. The majority of studies showed a reduction in symptom scores and improved direct laryngeal imaging post intervention; there was an overall reduction, 59.5%, in healthcare utilisation.DiscussionThe literature is in an embryonic state and lacks robust data to truly inform on the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions used to treat adults with ILO. However, positive signals in the synthesis performed support non-pharmacological treatment approaches and further development is warranted.

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Negative transference and coping: Case studies

Letter to the Editor

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At the dawn of the new decade, the year 2020 heralded an auspicious occasion for ophthalmologists worldwide. Thus far, however, it has been marked by great challenges and stress, with the global outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The resulting COVID-19 pandemic, with over 8 million estimated confirmed cases as of June 17,1 has placed an overwhelming burden on healthcare systems throughout the world, from Wuhan (China) to Bergamo (Italy) and New York City (USA). Physical distancing measures have been implemented widely to stem transmission, with large-scale lockdowns in place currently in numerous countries. With the allocation of resources towards COVID-19 management, and escalation of attempts to reduce spread, clinic visits and elective surgeries have been minimised or cancelled altogether. In ophthalmology, for clinical encounters that are still occurring, a variety of practices have been adopted to protect asymptomatic patients and providers.2,3 Overall, however, in the midst of this global crisis, clinical activity within eye care has significantly diminished. Given this, how are our ophthalmologists-in-training continuing to learn? The downstream effects of COVID-19 have influenced the educational experience of both trainees and practicing clinicians around the world. ### Clinical experience In some locales with a heavy COVID-19 burden, trainees have been redeployed to emergency departments or intensive care units, temporarily halting their ophthalmic training. For those who have not, providers are frequently organising into separate team units to care for patients, thereby reducing cross-exposure risk. The pandemic has necessitated triage to prioritise urgent cases requiring an examination and possible intervention. Though waiting rooms are not crowded and in-person chronic disease management is less regular, this assessment process may provide a unique learning experience for involved trainees. Further, in some cases, teleophthalmology has been employed for screening and basic visits. While learning may be impacted by the currently limited nature of …

Firomsa Bekele Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Mettu University, Mettu, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Firomsa BekeleDepartment of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Mettu University, Mettu, EthiopiaEmail firomsabekele21@gmail.com View the original paper by Mr Hasen and colleagues

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O presente estudo versa sobre os limites da apreciação da prova pericial pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça, nas ações de reparação de danos, à vista do que dispõe sua Súmula 7 (''a pretensão de simples reexame de prova não enseja recurso especial''). Com base na exploração sistematizada de recursos julgados nos anos de 2016 a 2019, pela Terceira e Quarta Turmas da Corte Superior, nos quais se afastou expressamente a incidência da aludida Súmula, busca-se verificar e delimitar a atuação do Superior Tribunal de Justiça no que diz respeito à avaliação da prova pericial em ações indenizatórias, distinguindo-se questões de direito e/ou que envolvam a valoração jurídica da prova do mero reexame de prova. O propósito deste trabalho é realizar uma análise qualitativa dos acórdãos selecionados, com o fim de identificar critérios comuns, apontar as razões que, em cada caso concreto, podem ter determinado o expresso afastamento da Súmula 7/STJ, e verificar se o mesmo entendimento adotado pelo julgado examinado poderia ser replicado em outros casos, tudo em cotejo com as disposições legais e com as proposições da doutrina. The present study deals with the limits of the appreciation of the expert evidence by the Superior Court of Justice, in the actions of reparation of damages, in view of the provisions of its Precedent 7 ('' the claim of a simple review of evidence does not require special appeal ''). Based on the systematic exploitation of appeals judged in the years 2016 to 2019, by the Third and Fourth Panel of the Superior Court, in which the incidence of the mentioned Precedent has been expressly removed, we seek to verify and delimit the performance of the Superior Court of Justice concerning the evaluation of expert evidence in damages actions, distinguishing issues of law and / or that involve the legal valuation of the evidence from the mere reexamination of evidence. The purpose of this essay is to carry out a qualitative analysis of the selected judgements in order to identify the common criteria, to point out the reasons which, in each specific case, may have determined the express removal of Precedent 7/STJ, and verify if the same understanding adopted by the examined Court could be replicated in Other cases, all in collation with the legal provisions and with the doctrinal propositions.

Background Early diagnosis of shock is a predetermining factor for a good prognosis in intensive care. An elevated central venous to arterial PCO2 difference (∆PCO2) over 0.8 kPa (6 mm Hg) is indicative of low blood flow states. Disturbances around the time of blood sampling could result in inaccurate calculations of ∆PCO2, thereby misrepresenting the patient status. This study aimed to determine the influences of acute changes in ventilation on ∆PCO2 and understand its clinical implications. Methods To investigate the isolated effects of changes in ventilation on ∆PCO2, eight pigs were studied in a prospective observational cohort. Arterial and central venous catheters were inserted following anaesthetisation. Baseline ventilator settings were titrated to achieve an EtCO2 of 5±0.5 kPa (VT = 8 mL/kg, Freq = 14 ± 2/min). Blood was sampled simultaneously from both catheters at baseline and 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 240 s after a change in ventilation. Pigs were subjected to both hyperventilation and hypoventilation, wherein the respiratory frequency was doubled or halved from baseline. ∆PCO2 changes from baseline were analysed using repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc analysis using Bonferroni’s correction. Results ∆PCO2 at baseline for all pigs was 0.76±0.29 kPa (5.7±2.2 mm Hg). Following hyperventilation, there was a rapid increase in the ∆PCO2, increasing maximally to 1.35±0.29 kPa (10.1±2.2 mm Hg). A corresponding decrease in the ∆PCO2 was seen following hypoventilation, decreasing maximally to 0.23±0.31 kPa (1.7±2.3 mm Hg). These changes were statistically significant from baseline 30 s after the change in ventilation. Conclusion Disturbances around the time of blood sampling can rapidly affect the PCO2, leading to inaccurate calculations of the ∆PCO2, resulting in misinterpretation of patient status. Care should be taken when interpreting blood gases, if there is doubt as to the presence of acute and transient changes in ventilation.

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Background: Cataract surgery is the most common operation performed worldwide. A fixed topical corticosteroid-antibiotic combination is usually prescribed in clinical practice for 2 or more weeks to treat post surgical inflammation and prevent infection. However, this protracted schedule may increase the incidence of corticosteroid-related adverse events and notably promote antibiotic resistance. Methods: This International, multicentre, randomized, blinded-assessor, parallel-group clinical study evaluated the non-inferiority of 1-week levofloxacin/dexamethasone eye drops, followed by 1-week dexamethasone alone, vs. 2-week gold-standard tobramycin/dexamethasone (one drop QID for all schedules) to prevent and treat ocular inflammation and prevent infection after uncomplicated cataract surgery. Non-inferiority was defined as the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval (CI) around a treatment difference >–10%. The study randomized 808 patients enrolled in 53 centres (Italy, Germany, Spain and Russia). The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients without anterior chamber inflammation on day 15 defined as the end of treatment. Endophthalmitis was the key secondary endpoint. This study is registered with EudraCT code: 2018-000286-36. Results: After the end of treatment, 95.2% of the patients in the test arm vs. 94.9% of the control arm had no signs of inflammation in the anterior chamber (difference between proportions of patients = 0.028; 95% CI: −0.0275/0.0331). No case of endophthalmitis was reported. No statistically significant difference was evident in any of the other secondary endpoints. Both treatments were well tolerated. Conclusions: Non-inferiority of the new short pharmacological strategy was proven. One week of levofloxacin/dexamethasone prevents infection, ensures complete control of inflammation in almost all patients and may contain antibiotic resistance.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are widely used as treatment for an increasing number of solid tumours. Nevertheless, the lack of predictive biomarker represents a limitation across several cancer types. During the last years, the possibility to dynamically study tumour evolution through circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) in plasma has opened novel possibility in evaluating disease status and therapeutic response, especially in localised disease to predict the possibility of relapse. However, the specific opportunities for application in the context of immunotherapy remain to be clarified.1 In an article recently published in Cancer Discovery by Zhang et al ,2 a comprehensive analysis of ctDNA data from about 1000 patients with 16 different solid tumour types, being the most represented non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), urothelial, microsatellite instability high, gastro-oesophageal and ovarian cancers, treated in three phase I/II trials of durvalumab alone or in combination with tremelimumab, was presented. The aim was to characterise the prognostic and predictive value of pre and on-treatment ctDNA analysis, using training and validation sets. It was shown that ctDNA is detectable in most patients with important disease-specific differences. Pretreatment ctDNA level appears to be an independent, inversely prognostic variable across tumour types, characterised by an association with overall survival and other known prognostic variables, but not with overall response rate. On the other hand, on treatment ctDNA dynamics appear to be predictive of long-term benefit from immunotherapy across tumour types. The last point is of clinical interest as ctDNA fills an important unmet need as a complement to radiological assessments of benefit. Radiological stable disease is a common and particularly challenging clinical category, composed of patients with slowly progressive disease, indolent non-responding disease and radiologically subtle responses to immunotherapy.3 It was demonstrated that molecular response, defined by ctDNA dynamics, can help differentiatepatient who will ultimately derive benefit …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have become a key component of therapy for several solid tumours. In patients diagnosed with advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), immunotherapy has always been considered as a treatment option, and anti-PD-1-based therapies are approved in both the frontline and refractory settings. Response to PD-1 blockade has been associated with numerous tumour-intrinsic and microenvironment features. Genetic characterisation of ccRCC has significantly contributed to the knowledge of tumour biology and the mechanisms of disease progression, but the interplay of genomic alterations with patterns of immune infiltration in response to PD-1 blockade remains undefined.1 It is also well known that ccRCC has only a modest mutational burden and a high infiltration of CD8+ T cells. Recently, a very interesting article has been published in Nature Medicine by Braun et al ,2 trying to answer several questions regarding the relation of molecular alterations and response to ICI in ccRCC. The authors performed an integrated genomic, transcriptomic and immunopathologic analysis of advanced-stage ccRCC tumours derived from 592 patients enrolled in three prospective clinical trials of PD-1 blockade to evaluate the landscape of somatic alterations, copy number changes, the patterns of immune infiltration and the clinical outcome to PD-1 blockade. In this cohort, an integrated genomic and transcriptomic analysis with immune phenotyping by CD8 immunofluorescence was performed showing that CD8+ T-cell infiltrated tumours are relatively depleted for PBRM1 mutations, which is associated with response to CPI, while are enriched for chromosomal losses of 9p21.3 associated with resistance to PD-1 blockade in infiltrated tumours. Overall, although infiltrated tumours are considered immunogenically ‘hot’, they are relatively depleted of PBRM1 mutations,3 which correlate with improved survival with anti-PD-1 therapy and are enriched for 9p21.3 deletions, which are associated with worse outcomes after PD-1 blockade. This integrative approach provides a potential …

Immunotherapy based on checkpoint blockade has revolutionised cancer treatment during last years. Whereas this approach fails in a relevant group of patients, the knowledge on tumour microenvironment (TME) opened the possibility to the use of additional therapeutic strategies to potentiate antitumour immunity, including depletion of protumourigenic or immune suppressive and activation of specific immune populations using agonistic antibodies. Nevertheless, due to the complexity of the TME, many of these strategies have been indiscriminately advanced to the clinic without clear mechanistic hypotheses. Nowadays, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq)-based transcriptome analyses identify T cell heterogeneity, elucidating dynamic relationships between T cells and the complexity of tumour-infiltrating myeloid cells, including tumour associated macrophages (TAMs) and dendritic cells (DCs), which contribute to malignancy through production of tumour and angiogenic growth factors, extracellular matrix remodelling and immunosuppression.1 Multiple strategies to boost the function of DCs and TAMs have advanced to the clinic, with approaches to activate the CD40 and CSF1R receptor being widely explored. However, CSF1R inhibitors and CD40 agonists have shown limited monotherapy efficacy.2 In a brilliant investigation recently published in Cancer Cell, Zhang et al , presented the results obtained by using two scRNA-seq platforms to perform a high-resolution analysis of immune and stromal cell populations in tumours, adjacent normal tissues and blood from colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.3 The authors were able to reproduce a cell–cell interaction network to define key cell populations involved in regulating tumourigenesis and antitumour immunity and identified specific populations of TAMs and DCs as central nodes of cellular interaction evaluating these characteristics in preclinical models and human cancers. The authors demonstrated that two distinct TAM populations were present in CRC samples, consisting of C1QC+, involved in phagocytosis and antigen presentation, and SPP1+, implicated in angiogenesis. Neither of these populations fit the M1 and M2 dichotomous phenotypes. …

In order to understand the cutaneous water loss in the desert-adapted and venomous lizard Heloderma suspectum, the microscopic structure and lipid composition of epidermal molts have been examined using microscopic, spectroscopic and chemical analysis techniques. The molt is formed by a variably thick, superficial beta-layer, an extensive mesos-region and few alpha-cells in its lowermost layers. The beta-layer contains most corneous beta proteins while the mesos-region is much richer in lipids. The proteins in the mesos-region are more unstructured than those located in the beta-layer. Most interestingly, among other lipids, high contents of cholesteryl-β-glucoside and cholesteryl sulfate were detected, molecules absent or present in traces in other species of squamates. These cholesterol derivatives may be involved in the stabilization and compaction of the mesos-region, but present a limited permeability to water movements. The modest resistance to cutaneous water-loss of this species is compensated by adopting other physiological strategies to limit thermal damage and water transpiration as previous eco-physiological studies have indicated. The increase of steroid derivatives may also be implicated in the heat shock response, influencing the relative behavior in this desert-adapted lizard.

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Background: Many parents develop stress-related symptoms and depression when their preterm infant is hospitalised in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) after birth. We reviewed the evidence of parent well-being with preterm infants hospitalised in single family rooms (SFRs) or in open bay neonatal units (OBUs). Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, Clinicaltrials.gov, and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) databases from inception through 22 November 2019 using controlled terms and text words related to prematurity and NICU-design. We included randomised and non-randomised studies comparing outcomes in parents with preterm infants admitted to SFRs or OBUs. Methodological quality was assessed using Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias Tool for randomised controlled trials and the Risk of Bias Tool for Non-Randomised Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I). Outcomes included: parental stress, satisfaction, participation (presence/involvement/skin-to-skin care), self-efficacy, parent-infant-bonding, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, empowerment, and degree of family-centred care. Summary estimates were calculated using random effects models with standardised mean differences (SMDs). PROSPERO registration: CRD42016050643. Findings: We identified 614 unique publications. Eleven study populations (1, 850 preterm infants, 1, 549 mothers and 379 fathers) were included. All but one study were at serious to critical risk of bias. SFRs were associated with higher levels of parental presence, involvement, and skin-to-skin care. Upon discharge, SFRs were associated with lower stress levels (n = 828 parents, SMD-0·30,95%CI -0·50;-0·09, p

The cerebral cortex manifests an inherent structural complexity of folding. The fractal geometry describes the complexity of structures which show self-similarity in a proper interval of spatial scales. In this study, we aimed at evaluating in-vivo the effect of different criteria for selecting the interval of spatial scales in the estimation of the fractal dimension (FD) of the cerebral cortex in T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We compared four different strategies, including two a priori selections of the interval of spatial scales, an automated selection of the spatial scales within which the cerebral cortex manifests the highest statistical self-similarity, and an improved approach, based on the search of the interval of spatial scales which presents the highest rounded R2adj coefficient and, in case of equal rounded R2adj coefficient, preferring the widest interval in the log–log plot. We employed two public and international datasets of in-vivo MRI scans for a total of 159 healthy subjects (age range 6–85 years). The improved approach showed strong associations of FD with age and yielded the most accurate machine learning models for individual age prediction in both datasets. Our results indicate that the selection of the interval of spatial scales of the cerebral cortex is thus critical in the estimation of FD.

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: To show theusual and unusualimaging findings in cerebral venous thrombosis, a clinical conditionwhose diagnosis can be...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: The purposes of this educational exhibit are: To approach the Joubert syndrome (JS) and the typical neuroimaging findings in a practical manner, according to their topography and appearance. To bring together some important features in order to...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: To describe the anatomy of the peritoneal space, reflections, omenta and ligaments. To illustrate the natural flow of peritoneal fluid in the abdominal cavity in order to understand pathways for the spread of diseases across the peritoneal spaces....

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: To analyze and exemplify the grey areas between the 4 categories of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) CT patterns in the diagnosis criteria for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis according to the Fleischner Society White Paper. Define the practical...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: Discuss and describe the differential diagnosis of acute scrotal pain. Describe the sonographic caterpillar sign of the scrotum. Discuss the underlying pathology and management of spermatic vein or varicocele...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Recently, three-dimensional (3D) images were made with images of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). But it was difficult for those 3D images to recognize an anatomical position because there...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: To review most common congenital and infantile brain tumors and to illustrate their radiographic features on MR examination based on an institutional...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: Inferior vena cava is one of the most important structures in abdominal imaging. To know the variants, knowledge about the embryogenesis of inferior vena cava is essential. This presentation aims to identify the variants for its clinical and...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: - Evaluate the occurrence of cardiovascular events. - Re-stratify the risk of current cardiovascular event. - Evaluate change of myointimal thickness and the incidence of subclinical atherosclerosis. - Determine the risk of subclinical...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: - To understand the contribution of an appropriate MRI protocol to explore the biliary duct system for diagnosis and the role of three-dimensional (3D) sequences. - To learn how to read MRI images and how to report by using adequate terms. - To sum...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: Breast tissue markers are made ofdifferent materials and designs giving its unique advantages and disadvantages. The knowledgeof prosand cons of each markers ishelpfulforuser when trying to choose themost suitable markerfor different clinical...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: To review other uncommon breast cancers besides those originated from a mammary epithelial cell which may manifest as diagnostic challenging lesions; To show some of those rare breast tumor subsites in correlation with their imaging characteristics;...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: To present some different imaging features of musculoskeletal hydatid disease because this form of echinococcosis can present difficulties in diagnosis and management, particularly for young clinicians and it must be correctly differentiated from...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: - To describe and to discuss the most common and useful signs in thoracic imaging. -To explain their utility in order to localize opacities on chest-x-ray and to consider differential...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: To describe the implementation of a pathway to reduce patient journey time from attendance in the emergency department (ED) with papilloedema to a CT or MRI examination report. To provide images demonstrating intracranial hypertension and...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: Cooperating and working together with patients of different personalities is critical. In the radiology department, patients may become “difficult”, or even violent. This may create barriers to care and create a hostile environment that is...

Background/introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and recommendations Personal/organisational information References, Background/introduction: For the justification of imaging, with ESRiGuide a success has been achieved by developing and adopting appropriateness criteria and by implementing them as a computerized decision support tool. By following the Basic Safety Standards Directive...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: To briefly review the etiology of fetiform teratoma To describe imaging and pathological findings of fetiform teratoma To perform a proper differential diagnosis between fetiform teratoma and...

Background/introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and recommendations Personal/organisational information References, Background/introduction: With the current actions in radiation protection the focus is on improving the safety culture with an holistic and interprofessional approach aiming at building trust between patients and all involved healthcare professionals. The Radiation...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: The main purpose of this Educational Exhibit is to evaluate the objective efficacy of Respiration Compensation in hepatic applications when an electromagnetic fusion imaging tracking device is used. This study also applies to patients who have...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: To illustrate Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) and Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) demonstration of common intracranial artery fenestrations To review clinical significance including potential risks associated with these anatomically...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: -To perform an iconographic essayof computed tomography (CT) pre and postoperative images of patients who had undergone microsurgical reconstruction with free flaps (FFs) and followed up in a head and neck (H&N)cancer referral service. In some...