25 results on '"Nolie K. Parnell"'
Search Results
2. Ultrasonographic features and prevalence of presumed gastric wall edema in dogs with hypoalbuminemia
- Author
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Hock Gan Heng, Masahiro Murakami, Nolie K. Parnell, Chee Kin Lim, and Mario Sola
- Subjects
gastric wall thickening ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Abdominal ultrasound ,Serum albumin ,canine ,Standard Article ,Peritoneal Effusion ,Dogs ,Edema ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,Hypoalbuminemia ,Gastric wall ,Retrospective Studies ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,General Veterinary ,biology ,business.industry ,Ultrasound ,Gastroenterology ,Echogenicity ,hypoalbuminemia ,ultrasonography ,medicine.disease ,Standard Articles ,submucosal edema ,biology.protein ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,SMALL ANIMAL ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Background Ultrasonographic features of gastric wall edema have not been reported in dogs with hypoalbuminemia. Objectives To describe the prevalence and ultrasonographic features of gastric wall thickening in dogs with hypoalbuminemia and analyze correlation with serum albumin concentrations. Animals Forty‐two dogs with abdominal ultrasound and diagnosis of hypoalbuminemia (5 mm were considered gastric wall thickening. The gastric wall changes such as thickness, layering appearance, echogenicity, echotexture, distribution of lesions, and presence of peritoneal effusion were recorded. Serial ultrasonographic examination and histopathological findings were recorded if available. Mean serum albumin concentration of dogs with and without gastric wall thickening was compared. Results Prevalence of gastric wall thickening in dogs with hypoalbuminemia was 21.4% (95% confidence intervals 7.4‐35.4%). Mean gastric wall thickness was 10.0 ± 2.0 mm. Preserved mucosal layer and thickening of submucosal layer were observed in all 9 dogs. Five dogs had 3‐layer appearance in thickened submucosal layer. Diffuse wall thickening was observed in 6 dogs. All 9 dogs had peritoneal effusion. Subsequent changes of gastric wall thickening were observed in 3 dogs (range 4‐70 days). Gastric wall edema was confirmed histopathologically in 2 dogs via necropsy. There was no correlation between serum albumin concentration of the dogs and gastric wall thickness. Conclusions and clinical importance Findings indicated that gastric wall edema is a common finding in dogs with hypoalbuminemia. However, serum albumin concentrations did not correlate with the gastric wall thickness.
- Published
- 2020
3. Ultrasonographic features of presumed gastric wall edema in 14 dogs with pancreatitis
- Author
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Nicholas J. Rancilio, Nolie K. Parnell, Hock Gan Heng, Mario Sola, Chee Kin Lim, Tsang Long Lin, and Masahiro Murakami
- Subjects
gastric wall thickening ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Stomach Diseases ,canine ,Standard Article ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,Dogs ,Endocrinology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Edema ,medicine ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,Retrospective Studies ,Ultrasonography ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,General Veterinary ,ultrasound ,business.industry ,Stomach ,Ultrasound ,Echogenicity ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,medicine.disease ,Standard Articles ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Pancreatitis ,submucosal edema ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,Acute pancreatitis ,Histopathology ,SMALL ANIMAL ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Complication - Abstract
Background Gastric wall edema has not been reported as a complication of acute pancreatitis in dogs. Objective To describe the ultrasonographic features of gastric wall thickening in dogs with acute pancreatitis. Animals Fourteen dogs with ultrasonographic evidence and clinical diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, with ultrasonographic evidence of increased gastric wall thickness (>5 mm). Methods A retrospective search in the medical records from 2014 to 2016 was performed to identify dogs that had ultrasonographic evidence of acute pancreatitis, that had increased thickness of the gastric wall and that were diagnosed with acute pancreatitis clinically. The gastric wall changes such as thickness, layering appearance, echogenicity, distribution of lesions, and perigastric changes were recorded. Serial ultrasonographic examination and histopathological findings were recorded if available. Results Mean gastric wall thickness was 9.9 ± 4.0 mm (SD). A complete loss of wall layering was observed in 2 dogs. Thickening of the submucosal layer was observed in 12 dogs, and 5 of them had concurrent muscularis layer thickening. The echogenicity of thickened submucosal layer was intermediate hyperechoic. Lacy appearances were present within the thickened submucosal layer in 7 dogs and in the muscularis layer of 1 dog. Thickening was focal in 12 dogs and adjacent to the diseased pancreas. Subsequent resolution of gastric wall thickening was observed in 3 dogs (range 3-28 days) via follow-up ultrasound. One dog underwent necropsy, and gastric wall edema was confirmed histopathologically. Conclusions and clinical importance Findings indicated that gastric wall thickening presumably because of edema could be a complication of acute pancreatitis.
- Published
- 2019
4. Effect of gastric acid-suppressive therapy and biological variation of serum gastrin concentrations in dogs with chronic enteropathies
- Author
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Romy M. Heilmann, Nora Berghoff, Niels Grützner, Nolie K. Parnell, Jan S. Suchodolski, and Jörg M. Steiner
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lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,Proton pump inhibitor ,Antihistamine ,Biological variation ,Canine ,Hypergastrinemia - Abstract
Background Serum gastrin concentration can help diagnose gastrinomas in dogs if >3–10× the upper reference limit (URL), but antisecretory therapy and other conditions can also cause hypergastrinemia. Effects of antisecretory therapy (famotidine or ranitidine, omeprazole) on serum gastrin concentration in dogs with chronic enteropathy (CE) and its biological variation (BV) are unknown. Aim of the study was to evaluate serum gastrin in acid-suppressant-treated or -naïve CE dogs; test the association between serum gastrin and histopathologic findings in acid-suppressant-naïve CE dogs; and evaluate the BV of serum gastrin in dogs not receiving any gastric acid suppressive therapy. Samples from 231 dogs were used and serum gastrin was measured by chemiluminescence assay. Gastric and duodenal histologic lesions were evaluated and graded. BV of serum gastrin was evaluated in serial samples. Results Serum gastrin concentrations were significantly higher in acid-suppressant-treated than acid-suppressant-naïve dogs (P = 0.0245), with significantly higher concentrations in proton pump inhibitor (PPI)- than H2-antihistamine-treated patients (P = 0.0053). More PPI- than H2-antihistamine-treated dogs had gastrin concentrations above URL (P = 0.0205), but not >3× nor >10× the URL. Serum gastrin concentrations correlated with the severity of gastric antral epithelial injury (P = 0.0069) but not with any other lesions or the presence/numbers of spiral bacteria in gastric biopsies. Intra- and inter-individual BV were 43.4 and 21.6%, respectively, in acid-suppressant-naïve dogs, with a reciprocal individuality index of 0.49 and a critical difference of ≥29.5 ng/L. Conclusions Antisecretory (particularly PPI) treatment leads to hypergastrinemia in CE dogs, but the concentrations seen in this study are unlikely to compromise a diagnosis of gastrinoma. Use of a population-based URL for canine serum gastrin and a URL of ≤27.8 ng/L are appropriate.
- Published
- 2017
5. Retrospective evaluation of the impact of early enteral nutrition on clinical outcomes in dogs with pancreatitis: 34 cases (2010-2013)
- Author
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Korinn E. Saker, Jessica P. Harris, Emily H. Griffith, and Nolie K. Parnell
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,General Veterinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Diet therapy ,business.industry ,Physical examination ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,medicine.disease ,Enteral administration ,Surgery ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Parenteral nutrition ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Acute pancreatitis ,Pancreatitis ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Medical nutrition therapy ,Canine pancreatitis ,business - Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effect of early enteral nutritional therapy on time to return to voluntary intake, maximum food consumption, incidence of gastrointestinal intolerance (GI), and total hospitalization time for dogs with acute pancreatitis. Design and Setting Retrospective analysis of dogs with pancreatitis at a veterinary teaching hospital between 2010 and 2013. Animals Thirty-four client-owned dogs diagnosed with acute or acute-on-chronic pancreatitis. Procedures and Interventions Medical records of dogs evaluated for inappetence, anorexia, and GI for which a diagnosis of pancreatitis was recorded were reviewed. The time to initiation of food offerings since hospitalization were recorded in addition to signalment, historical medical conditions, chief complaint, physical examination findings, diagnostic results, treatments provided, timing of food offering (within 48 h of hospitalization, early feeding group (EFG) versus delayed feeding group (DFG), diet therapy (low fat versus high fat), caloric intake (% resting energy requirement), incidence of GI (%), and length of hospitalization (LOH) (days). A Clinical Severity Index Score (CSIS) was determined for each patient. Measurements and Main Results Dogs in the EFG demonstrated a decreased time to return of voluntary intake (2.1 days, EFG versus 2.7 days, DFG; P = 0.05) and time (days) to maximum intake (3, EFG versus 3.4 DFG) as compared to the DFG dogs. The DFG exhibited more GI versus EFG irrespective of CSIS grouping (60% versus 26%, P = 0.04). A CSIS ≥ 7 was associated with prolonged LOH (P = 0.004); however, time to initiation of feeding and diet selection did not impact LOH (P = 0.8). Conclusions and Clinical Relevance Results of the study suggested that feeding within 48 hours of hospitalization for canine pancreatitis has a positive impact on return to voluntary intake and decreases the frequency of GI in these patients, independent of CSIS. The traditional protocol of withholding food during hospitalization may not be necessary nor yield the most benefit for patient recovery; subsequently early enteral refeeding should be considered.
- Published
- 2017
6. Effect of gastric acid-suppressive therapy and biological variation of serum gastrin concentrations in dogs with chronic enteropathies
- Author
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Romy M, Heilmann, Nora, Berghoff, Niels, Grützner, Nolie K, Parnell, Jan S, Suchodolski, and Jörg M, Steiner
- Subjects
Male ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Stomach Diseases ,Proton Pump Inhibitors ,Proton pump inhibitor ,Antihistamine ,Helicobacter Infections ,Canine ,Hypergastrinemia ,Intestinal Diseases ,Dogs ,Biological Variation, Population ,Histamine H2 Antagonists ,Helicobacter ,Gastrins ,Animals ,Female ,Dog Diseases ,Biological variation ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Serum gastrin concentration can help diagnose gastrinomas in dogs if >3–10× the upper reference limit (URL), but antisecretory therapy and other conditions can also cause hypergastrinemia. Effects of antisecretory therapy (famotidine or ranitidine, omeprazole) on serum gastrin concentration in dogs with chronic enteropathy (CE) and its biological variation (BV) are unknown. Aim of the study was to evaluate serum gastrin in acid-suppressant-treated or -naïve CE dogs; test the association between serum gastrin and histopathologic findings in acid-suppressant-naïve CE dogs; and evaluate the BV of serum gastrin in dogs not receiving any gastric acid suppressive therapy. Samples from 231 dogs were used and serum gastrin was measured by chemiluminescence assay. Gastric and duodenal histologic lesions were evaluated and graded. BV of serum gastrin was evaluated in serial samples. Results Serum gastrin concentrations were significantly higher in acid-suppressant-treated than acid-suppressant-naïve dogs (P = 0.0245), with significantly higher concentrations in proton pump inhibitor (PPI)- than H2-antihistamine-treated patients (P = 0.0053). More PPI- than H2-antihistamine-treated dogs had gastrin concentrations above URL (P = 0.0205), but not >3× nor >10× the URL. Serum gastrin concentrations correlated with the severity of gastric antral epithelial injury (P = 0.0069) but not with any other lesions or the presence/numbers of spiral bacteria in gastric biopsies. Intra- and inter-individual BV were 43.4 and 21.6%, respectively, in acid-suppressant-naïve dogs, with a reciprocal individuality index of 0.49 and a critical difference of ≥29.5 ng/L. Conclusions Antisecretory (particularly PPI) treatment leads to hypergastrinemia in CE dogs, but the concentrations seen in this study are unlikely to compromise a diagnosis of gastrinoma. Use of a population-based URL for canine serum gastrin and a URL of ≤27.8 ng/L are appropriate.
- Published
- 2017
7. Fecal and urinary N-methylhistamine concentrations in dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease
- Author
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Steve Hill, Nora Berghoff, Jan S. Suchodolski, Nolie K. Parnell, Jörg M. Steiner, and Joanne Mansell
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Gastrointestinal Diseases ,Urinary system ,Metabolite ,Inflammation ,Urine ,Gastroenterology ,Feces ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Dogs ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,Mast Cells ,Intestinal Mucosa ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,Methylhistamines ,N-methylhistamine ,Mast cell ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Chronic Disease ,Animal Science and Zoology ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Biomarkers ,Histamine - Abstract
Due to their ability to release inflammatory mediators, such as histamine, mast cells are potentially important in gastrointestinal disease. The purpose of this study was to measure N-methylhistamine (NMH), a histamine metabolite, in fecal and urine samples from dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease. Fecal and urinary NMH concentrations were compared between dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease and control dogs, and/or to control ranges. Correlation between fecal and urinary NMH concentrations, serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, the clinical disease activity index (CCECAI), and gastrointestinal mucosal mast cell numbers (where available) in dogs with gastrointestinal disease was evaluated. Seven of 16 dogs with gastrointestinal disease had increased urinary or fecal NMH concentrations, but there was no correlation between NMH concentrations and the CCECAI or mucosal mast cells numbers. Urinary NMH concentrations were positively associated with histological grading and serum CRP concentrations. The lack of correlation between NMH concentrations and the CCECAI suggests that NMH may not be a good marker for clinical disease activity in dogs as determined by the CCECAI. Based on their association with severity of intestinal mucosal inflammation, urinary NMH concentrations may potentially have clinical utility as a marker of intestinal inflammation in certain groups of dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease, but future studies in a larger number of dogs are necessary to further characterize the role of mast cell-mediated inflammation in dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease.
- Published
- 2014
8. In vitro effects of lipid emulsion on platelet function and thromboelastography in canine blood samples
- Author
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Nolie K. Parnell, Laura R. Tonkin, and Daniel F. Hogan
- Subjects
Fat Emulsions, Intravenous ,Chromatography ,Platelet Aggregation ,Platelet Function Tests ,General Veterinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Hirudin ,General Medicine ,In vitro ,Thromboelastography ,Thrombelastography ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Dogs ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Clotting time ,Sodium citrate ,Emulsion ,medicine ,Animals ,Platelet ,medicine.drug ,Whole blood - Abstract
Objective—To determine whether soybean oil emulsion has an in vitro effect on platelet aggregation and thromboelastography in blood samples obtained from healthy dogs. Animals—12 healthy adult dogs. Procedures—Blood samples were collected from each dog into tubes containing EDTA, hirudin, or sodium citrate for a CBC, collagen- and ADP-induced impedance aggregometry, or thromboelastography, respectively. Whole blood platelet aggregation, determined with ADP or collagen agonists, was measured in blood samples containing hirudin and final lipid concentrations of 0, 1, 10, and 30 mg/mL. The thromboelastographic variables R (reaction time), K (clotting time), α angle, and maximum amplitude were evaluated in blood samples containing sodium citrate and final lipid concentrations equivalent to those used for assessment of platelet aggregation. Results—Median maximum ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation in blood samples containing 1, 10, or 30 mg of lipid/mL did not differ significantly from the value for the respective lipid-free blood sample. Maximum amplitude determined via thromboelastography was significantly reduced in blood samples containing 10 and 30 mg of lipid/mL, compared with findings for lipid-free blood samples. Values of other thromboelastographic variables did not differ, regardless of lipid concentrations. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Maximum amplitude determined via thromboelastography in canine blood samples was significantly affected by the addition of lipid to final concentrations that are several orders of magnitude higher than clinically relevant lipid concentrations in dogs. Lipid treatment appears to have no significant effect on hemostatic variables in dogs, although clinical studies should be performed to confirm these in vitro findings.
- Published
- 2013
9. Intravascular Occlusion for the Correction of Extrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts in Dogs
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Kimberly A. Sederquist, Nolie K. Parnell, M.E. Benitez, Henry W. Green, and Daniel F. Hogan
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education.field_of_study ,medicine.medical_specialty ,General Veterinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Radiography ,Population ,Surgery ,Clinical trial ,Blood serum ,Occlusion ,medicine ,Radiology ,Portosystemic shunt ,education ,business ,Prospective cohort study ,Portography - Abstract
Background: Congential extrahepatic portosystemic shunts (EHPSS) are common in dogs. An effective minimally invasive technique for correction of EHPSS could result in reduced morbidity, reduced costs, and reduced hospitalization times. Hypothesis: Use of an intravascular occlusion device can effectively and safely result in acute complete occlusion of EHPSS in dogs. Animals: Seven dogs with naturally occurring EHPSS that presented to the Purdue University Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Methods: Prospective, clinical trial. The 7 dogs were consecutively enrolled over a 2-year period. Results of serum biochemistry, total serum bile acids, fasting plasma ammonia, abdominal radiography, and ultrasonography suggested the diagnosis of portosystemic shunts in all dogs. Definitive diagnosis of EHPSS was achieved with cranial mesenteric arterial portography and acute occlusion was attempted by the deployment of the Amplatzer vascular plug (AVP). Results: EHPSS were identified in all dogs consisting of 5 portocaval and 2 portoazygous variants; 1/7 dogs (14%) were intolerant to temporary complete occlusion of the EHPSS. Of the remaining 6 dogs, 5 (83%) had complete occlusion of the EHPSS by the AVP. There were no complications and resolution of abnormal clinical signs and laboratory values was achieved in 4/5 (80%) dogs with complete occlusion. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Intravascular correction of EHPSS by the AVP is a viable option to surgical correction while larger studies will be required to determine the clinical applicability of this procedure in the broader portosystemic shunt population.
- Published
- 2010
10. Hormone Therapy for Treatment of Colonic Vascular Ectasia in 2 Dogs
- Author
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Nolie K. Parnell, C.H. Holland, and C.K. Goldman
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,MEDLINE ,Gastroenterology ,Hormones ,Angiodysplasia ,Colonic Diseases ,Dogs ,Internal medicine ,Ectasia ,medicine ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,Hormone therapy ,business ,Diethylstilbestrol - Published
- 2008
11. Retrospective evaluation of the impact of early enteral nutrition on clinical outcomes in dogs with pancreatitis: 34 cases (2010-2013)
- Author
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Jessica P, Harris, Nolie K, Parnell, Emily H, Griffith, and Korinn E, Saker
- Subjects
Hospitalization ,Dogs ,Enteral Nutrition ,Treatment Outcome ,Pancreatitis ,Nutritional Requirements ,Animals ,Humans ,Nutritional Status ,Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ,Dog Diseases ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
To evaluate the effect of early enteral nutritional therapy on time to return to voluntary intake, maximum food consumption, incidence of gastrointestinal intolerance (GI), and total hospitalization time for dogs with acute pancreatitis.Retrospective analysis of dogs with pancreatitis at a veterinary teaching hospital between 2010 and 2013.Thirty-four client-owned dogs diagnosed with acute or acute-on-chronic pancreatitis.Medical records of dogs evaluated for inappetence, anorexia, and GI for which a diagnosis of pancreatitis was recorded were reviewed. The time to initiation of food offerings since hospitalization were recorded in addition to signalment, historical medical conditions, chief complaint, physical examination findings, diagnostic results, treatments provided, timing of food offering (within 48 h of hospitalization, early feeding group (EFG) versus delayed feeding group (DFG), diet therapy (low fat versus high fat), caloric intake (% resting energy requirement), incidence of GI (%), and length of hospitalization (LOH) (days). A Clinical Severity Index Score (CSIS) was determined for each patient.Dogs in the EFG demonstrated a decreased time to return of voluntary intake (2.1 days, EFG versus 2.7 days, DFG; P = 0.05) and time (days) to maximum intake (3, EFG versus 3.4 DFG) as compared to the DFG dogs. The DFG exhibited more GI versus EFG irrespective of CSIS grouping (60% versus 26%, P = 0.04). A CSIS ≥ 7 was associated with prolonged LOH (P = 0.004); however, time to initiation of feeding and diet selection did not impact LOH (P = 0.8).Results of the study suggested that feeding within 48 hours of hospitalization for canine pancreatitis has a positive impact on return to voluntary intake and decreases the frequency of GI in these patients, independent of CSIS. The traditional protocol of withholding food during hospitalization may not be necessary nor yield the most benefit for patient recovery; subsequently early enteral refeeding should be considered.
- Published
- 2015
12. Serum and fecal canine α1-proteinase inhibitor concentrations reflect the severity of intestinal crypt abscesses and/or lacteal dilation in dogs
- Author
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Joanne Mansell, Claudia E Reusch, Niels Grützner, Nolie K. Parnell, S Schellenberg, Jan S. Suchodolski, Romy M. Heilmann, Jörg M. Steiner, and Nora Berghoff
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Proteinase inhibitor ,medicine.drug_class ,Lacteal ,Protein-Losing Enteropathies ,Inflammation ,Lymphangiectasia ,Gastroenterology ,0403 veterinary science ,Feces ,Dogs ,Adrenal Cortex Hormones ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,0402 animal and dairy science ,Radioimmunoassay ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,medicine.disease ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Vitamin B 12 ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,alpha 1-Antitrypsin ,Corticosteroid ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Calcium ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Crypt Abscess - Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) protein loss, due to lymphangiectasia or chronic inflammation, can be challenging to diagnose. This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of serum and fecal canine α1-proteinase inhibitor (cα1PI) concentrations to detect crypt abscesses and/or lacteal dilation in dogs. Serum and fecal cα1PI concentrations were measured in 120 dogs undergoing GI tissue biopsies, and were compared between dogs with and without crypt abscesses/lacteal dilation. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for dichotomous outcomes. Serial serum cα1PI concentrations were also evaluated in 12 healthy corticosteroid-treated dogs. Serum cα1PI and albumin concentrations were significantly lower in dogs with crypt abscesses and/or lacteal dilation than in those without (both P
- Published
- 2015
13. Evaluation of clinicopathologic features, response to treatment, and risk factors associated with idiopathic neutropenia in dogs: 11 cases (1990–2002)
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Cassandra G Brown, Larry T. Glickman, Cory D Brown, Nolie K. Parnell, Nita W. Glickman, and Rhonda L. Schulman
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Neutropenia ,Treatment outcome ,Gastroenterology ,Dogs ,Risk Factors ,Prednisone ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,Risk factor ,Glucocorticoids ,Idiopathic neutropenia ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,Age Factors ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Response to treatment ,Treatment Outcome ,Female ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the clinicopathologic features, response to treatment, and risk factors associated with idiopathic neutropenia in dogs. Design—Retrospective case series. Animals—11 dogs. Procedures—Medical records of dogs with idiopathic neutropenia were reviewed. Signalment, history, clinical signs, and response to treatment were recorded and compared with that in dogs with neutropenia attributable to known causes and to dogs without neutropenia (controls). Results—Compared with dogs with neutropenia attributable to known causes, dogs with idiopathic neutropenia had lower neutrophil counts and were younger. When compared with control dogs, age < 4 years was identified as a risk factor for developing idiopathic neutropenia. In all dogs with idiopathic neutropenia, remission of neutropenia occurred within 18 days after administration of prednisone (2 to 4 mg/kg [0.9 to 1.8 mg/lb], PO, daily) and no serious complications or infections developed. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—An immunemediated pathogenesis should be considered for dogs with idiopathic neutropenia in which the cause is not known. Severe neutropenia and young age were significantly associated with idiopathic neutropenia in dogs. Prognosis appeared to be excellent with prednisone treatment.
- Published
- 2006
14. Subcutaneous Emphysema, Pneumomediastinum, and Pulmonary Emphysema in a Young Schipperke
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Dennis B. DeNicola, Nolie K. Parnell, Julie A Stephens, William E. Blevins, and Kevin Clarke
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Bordetella ,Pulmonary emphysema ,Radiography ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Right middle lung lobe ,Dogs ,Pneumonia, Bacterial ,medicine ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,Pneumomediastinum ,Small Animals ,Mediastinal Emphysema ,Bordetella Infections ,business.industry ,Mediastinum ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,Subcutaneous Emphysema ,respiratory tract diseases ,Surgery ,Pneumonia ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Pulmonary Emphysema ,Exploratory thoracotomy ,Female ,Radiology ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Subcutaneous emphysema - Abstract
A 4-month-old, intact female schipperke was presented for evaluation and treatment of subcutaneous (SC) emphysema. Radiographs revealed pneumomediastinum and SC emphysema. Sequential radiographs confirmed a worsening of the SC emphysema. Extensive, nonsurgical evaluation failed to reveal the source of the air within the mediastinum. Exploratory thoracotomy revealed an emphysematous right middle lung lobe. Lobectomy of the right middle lung lobe resolved both the pneumomediastinum and SC emphysema. Histopathological evaluation confirmed pulmonary emphysema. A variation of congenital pulmonary emphysema was considered in this case.
- Published
- 2002
15. What Is the Evidence?
- Author
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Nolie K. Parnell and Scott L. Owens
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,Treatment outcome ,MEDLINE ,Medicine ,Evidence-based medicine ,business ,Intensive care medicine - Published
- 2011
16. Serum cobalamin and methylmalonic acid concentrations in dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease
- Author
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Steve Hill, Jan S. Suchodolski, Nolie K. Parnell, Nora Berghoff, and Jörg M. Steiner
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Gastrointestinal Diseases ,Methylmalonic acid ,Methylmalonic acidemia ,Activity index ,Significant negative correlation ,Cobalamin ,Gastroenterology ,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Dogs ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Prevalence ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,food and beverages ,Vitamin B 12 Deficiency ,General Medicine ,Chronic enteropathy ,medicine.disease ,Texas ,Vitamin B 12 ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Gastrointestinal disease ,Chronic Disease ,Luminescent Measurements ,Female ,business ,Methylmalonic Acid - Abstract
Objective—To determine the prevalence of hypocobalaminemia or methylmalonic acidemia (or both) in dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease. Sample—Serum samples from 56 dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease and 43 control dogs. Procedures—Serum cobalamin and methylmalonic acid (MMA) concentrations were measured in all samples and compared between groups. A correlation between serum cobalamin and MMA concentrations and the canine chronic enteropathy clinical activity index was evaluated via the Spearman rank correlation. Results—20 of 56 (36%) dogs with gastrointestinal disease had hypocobalaminemia. Serum cobalamin concentrations were significantly lower in dogs with gastrointestinal disease than in control dogs. Five of 56 (9%) dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease and 5 of 20 (25%) hypocobalaminemic dogs had increased MMA concentrations. There was a significant negative correlation (Spearman r = −0.450) between serum cobalamin and MMA concentrations in dogs with gastrointestinal disease. No correlation was found between the canine chronic enteropathy clinical activity index and serum cobalamin or MMA concentrations. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—These data indicated the prevalence of hypocobalaminemia in dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease was 20 of 56 (36%). Five of 20 (25%) hypocobalaminemic dogs had increased serum MMA concentrations, which indicated that although hypocobalaminemia was common in these dogs, it did not always appear to be associated with a deficiency of cobalamin on a cellular level. Hypocobalaminemia is a risk factor for negative outcome in dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease and should be considered in every patient with corresponding clinical signs.
- Published
- 2012
17. What is the evidence? Portosystemic shunt in a dog
- Author
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Scott L, Owens and Nolie K, Parnell
- Subjects
Male ,Evidence-Based Medicine ,Liver Diseases ,Anti-Ulcer Agents ,Lactulose ,Diet ,Portal System ,Dogs ,Treatment Outcome ,Hepatic Encephalopathy ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,Stomach Ulcer ,Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ,Omeprazole - Published
- 2011
18. Imaging diagnosis--spontaneous intramural canine duodenal hematoma
- Author
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Alice Huang, Debra K. Baird, Nolie K. Parnell, Ikki Mitsui, and Hock Gan Heng
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Duodenum ,Common Bile Duct Diseases ,Intrahepatic bile ducts ,digestive system ,Gastroenterology ,Dogs ,Fatal Outcome ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,Duodenal Diseases ,Ultrasonography ,Hematoma ,General Veterinary ,Common bile duct ,business.industry ,Gallbladder ,medicine.disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Pancreatitis ,Smooth Muscle Tumor ,Vomiting ,Female ,Autopsy ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Pancreas - Abstract
A 9-year-old neutered female Pug with a 2-week history of pancreatitis was presented for dyspnea, icterus, and intractable vomiting. Sonographically, the gallbladder, intrahepatic bile ducts, and common bile duct were distended. The pancreas was hypoechoic with hyperechoic peripancreatic fat. A mildly heterogeneous intramural mass was present in the muscularis layer of the descending duodenum. A presumptive diagnosis of pancreatitis and smooth muscle tumor of the duodenum leading to common bile duct obstruction was made. The dog died despite supportive care. Necropsy examination confirmed the presence of pancreatitis and an intramural duodenal hematoma.
- Published
- 2010
19. Feline exocrine pancreatic insufficiency: 16 cases (1992-2007)
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Ann E. Hohenhaus, Nolie K. Parnell, Mark P. Rondeau, Kelley A. Thompson, and George E. Moore
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Diarrhea ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cat Diseases ,Cobalamin ,Gastroenterology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Internal medicine ,Lymphopenia ,Weight Loss ,Medicine ,Animals ,Vitamin B12 ,Small Animals ,Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency ,CATS ,business.industry ,Anemia ,medicine.disease ,Neutrophilia ,Vitamin B 12 ,Endocrinology ,Polyphagia ,Treatment Outcome ,chemistry ,Vomiting ,Cats ,Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Medical records of 16 cats diagnosed with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) were reviewed. The diagnosis was confirmed with either a serum feline trypsin-like immunoreactivity (fTLI) concentration ≤12 μg/l or a fecal proteolytic activity (FPA)
- Published
- 2009
20. Cranial vena caval syndrome secondary to transvenous pacemaker implantation in two dogs
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Henry W. Green, Daniel F. Hogan, Nolie K. Parnell, and Carrie M. Van De Wiele
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Pacemaker, Artificial ,Superior Vena Cava Syndrome ,Physiology ,Heart block ,Pleural effusion ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Catheterization ,Dogs ,Angioplasty ,medicine ,Animals ,cardiovascular diseases ,Dog Diseases ,Thrombus ,Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color ,Venous Thrombosis ,Superior vena cava syndrome ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,Chylothorax ,medicine.disease ,Thrombosis ,Surgery ,Pleural Effusion ,Stenosis ,Heart Block ,Treatment Outcome ,Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed ,cardiovascular system ,Female ,Radiology ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Superior vena caval syndrome is a rare, but reported complication of transvenous pacemaker implantation in humans. This syndrome can occur secondary to fibrotic and/or thrombotic obstruction of venous blood flow into the right atrium. The therapeutic approach depends on the suspicion of the presence of an active thrombus and may include antithrombotics, angioplasty and/or surgical venoplasty. We describe two dogs that developed severe pleural effusion secondary to stricture formation in the cranial vena cava 4 years after dual chamber transvenous pacemaker implantation. The stenosis was most likely due to fibrosis secondary to the transvenous pacemaker leads. Balloon angioplasty of the lesion resulted in resolution of the pleural effusion in both patients. Balloon angioplasty appears to be a viable therapeutic approach in dogs with cranial vena caval syndrome caused by focal stenotic lesions.
- Published
- 2008
21. Pancreatic abscess in 36 dogs: a retrospective analysis of prognostic indicators
- Author
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Nolie K. Parnell, Karen K. Cornell, S. Kathleen Salisbury, and Jonathan R Anderson
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Indiana ,Abdominal Abscess ,Georgia ,Exploratory laparotomy ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Physical examination ,Severity of Illness Index ,Dogs ,Parenchyma ,medicine ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,Small Animals ,Survival rate ,Schools, Veterinary ,Retrospective Studies ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Pancreatic Diseases ,Retrospective cohort study ,Perioperative ,Bacterial Infections ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,Surgery ,Survival Rate ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Logistic Models ,Treatment Outcome ,Female ,business ,Pancreas ,Pancreatic abscess - Abstract
Thirty-six dogs were diagnosed with pancreatic abscess by the presence of purulent exudate within the parenchyma of the pancreas during exploratory laparotomy. Data regarding history, physical examination findings, clinicopathological data, diagnostic imaging findings, bacteriological culture results, abdominal drainage technique, and perioperative treatment were evaluated for factors predictive of survival. Elevated blood urea nitrogen, serum alkaline phosphatase activity, and rising bicarbonate ion concentration were each found to have statistically significant (P
- Published
- 2008
22. Contributors
- Author
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Lisa Akucewich, Stacy E. Andrew, Dina A. Andrews, Joseph W. Bartges, Matthew W. Beal, Brian S. Beale, Trevor N. Bebchuk, Jamie R. Bellah, Philip J. Bergman, John D. Bonagura, Jennifer S. Boncyznski, Laura I. Boone, Harry W. Boothe, Lauren Boyd, Ronald M. Bright, Janet Calpin, Dennis J. Chew, Joan R. Coates, Leah A. Cohn, Lynette K. Cole, Carmen M.H. Colitz, Sharon L. Crowell-Davis, Harriet J. Davidson, Ray Dillon, Eric K. Dunayer, Lawren L. Durocher, J. David Fowler, Laurent Garosi, Anna R.M. Gelzer, Rudayna M. Ghubash, Deborah S. Greco, Craig E. Greene, Rebecca J. Greer, Fredrik Gruenenfelder, Lynn Guptill, Sharon M. Gwaltney-Brant, Jens Häggström, Kenneth Harkin, Kristin L. Henson, Ian P. Herring, Milan B. Hess, Rebecka S. Hess, Kerry J. Heuter, Kate E. Hill, Mark E. Hitt, Lisa M. Howe, Daniel Z. Hume, Armando R. Irizarry-Rovira, Lynelle R. Johnson, Efrat Kelmer, Robert A. Kennis, Marc Kent, Marie E. Kerl, Claudia A. Kirk, Michael P. Kowaleski, Marc S. Kraus, Paige Langdon, Sorrel Langley-Hobbs, Cathy E. Langston, Michael Lappin, Robert D. Larocca, Susan D. Lauten, Stephen L. Lemarie, Camilla Lieske, Ellen I. Logan, Dawn E. Logas, Andrea L. Looney, Clinton D. Lothrop, Lori L. Ludwig, Jill Lurye, Kristin MacDonald, Stacey Nicoll Madden, F.A. Mann, Annajane B. Marlar, Ruth Marrion, Rosanna Marsella, Charlotte Means, Donna Mensching, Valentina Merola, Ellen Miller, Rita H. Miller, Lisa E. Moore, Rhea V. Morgan, Albert J. Mughannam, Robert J. Munger, Russell Muse, O. Lynne Nelson, Astrid Nielsen, Manon Paradis, Nolie K. Parnell, Simon R. Platt, Michael Podell, Eric R. Pope, Jennifer E. Prittie, Caroline Prymak, Rose E. Raskin, Nyssa J. Reine, Alisa N. Reniker, Rachel D. Ring, Margaret V. Root Kustritz, Emily Rothstein, Lance Rozear, Craig G. Ruaux, Scott J. Schatzberg, Bradley R. Schmidt, A. Eric Schultze, Michael A. Scott, Sean Smarick, Stephanie A. Smith, Emily Soiderer, Laia Solano-Gallego, Candace A. Sousa, William L. Spangler, Alan Spier, Charles M. Stuhr, Graham Swinney, Joseph Taboada, Robert A. Taylor, Susan M. Taylor, Jennifer S. Thomas, Anthony H. Tobias, Nicholas J. Trout, Petra A. Volmer, Cynthia R. Ward, K. Jane Wardrop, Robert N. White, Nicola Williamson, A. Michelle Willis, Emilia F. Wood, and Debra L. Zoran
- Published
- 2008
23. Protozoal Infections
- Author
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Nolie K. Parnell, Lynn Guptill, and Laia Solano-Gallego
- Subjects
Biology - Published
- 2008
24. Esophageal Diseases
- Author
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Nolie K. Parnell
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Esophageal disease ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,medicine.disease ,business ,Gastroenterology - Published
- 2008
25. Rickettsial Infections
- Author
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Laia Solano-Gallego, Nolie K. Parnell, and Michael R. Lappin
- Subjects
RICKETTSIAL INFECTIONS ,Biology ,Virology - Published
- 2008
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