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Introduction: Respiratory tract infectionscaused by Adenovirus (ADV) can lead to long termlung sequelae. In our media it is the most frequentcause of chronic lung disease in children. Highresolution computed tomography (HRCT) cancharacterize the anatomic alterations of this disease.Functional impairment is evaluated with spirometry,which only can be performed in collaborating patients.Purpose: Characterize the appearances of chroniclung disease secondary to ADV infection on HRCT,relate the extent of HRCT abnormalities to pulmonaryfunction impairment, and determine if HRCT can beused to assess pulmonary function when functionaltests cannot be performed. Material and methods:HRCT findings in 17 pediatric patients with postadenoviral chronic lung disease were analyzed. HRCTfindings were correlated with spirometry in 11 of thesechildren using the modified Bhalla score for bronchialdilatation and the modified Siegel score for mosaiclung attenuation. Results: HRCT findings were mosaicperfusion and bronchial wall thickening in 17/17,bronchial dilatation and centrilobular nodules in 16/17, atelectasis in 11/17, and tree in bud in 8/17. Verygood correlation was found between the scores ofmosaic lung attenuation and bronchial dilatation withthe forced expiratory volume in one second.Conclusion: A characteristic pattern of findings onHRCT is present in children with post adenoviruschronic lung disease. There is good correlationbetween the severity of mosaic lung attenuation andbronchial dilatation with pulmonary functionalimpairment. These results suggest that HRCT findingscan be used to assess pulmonary function in thosechildren in which pulmonary function tests cannot beperformed.Key words: Adenovirus, Bronchiolitis obliterans,Pulmonary function.IntroduccionLa infeccion respiratoria por adenovirus (ADV)puede producir dano pulmonar persistente y progre-sivo. En nuestro medio es la causa mas frecuente dedano pulmonar cronico en ninos. Clinicamente se ca-racteriza por el desarrollo de un cuadro de obstruc-cion de la via aerea persistente y progresivo que noresponde a broncodilatadores ni a la inhalacion decorticoides. Histologicamente la lesion correspondea una bronquiolitis constrictiva, caracterizada por gra-dos variables y progresivos de inflamacion de la viaaerea periferica con obliteracion cicatricial de sulumen