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An experiment was conducted in the month of November, 2021 at Crop Physiology and Ecology Laboratory, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh to study the impact of tobacco industry wastewater on germination and early seedling traits of five mung bean accessions (BD-10022, BD-10023, BD-10024, BD-10026 and BD-10027) following factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Mung bean accession, tobacco industry wastewater and their interaction significantly interacted on germination and seedling traits of mung bean. Tobacco industry wastewater reduced the germination percentage, germination rate and co-efficient of germination but insisted longer shoot and root as well as escalated the seedling dry weight of mung bean as compared to tap water. Among the five mung bean accessions, BD-10024 and BD-10027 performed comparatively better performance regarding germination and seedling traits, respectively under wastewater conditions. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(2): 129-137

Summary Tracheid length is lowest at the pith and then it increases rapidly as cambial age increases up until it reaches an asymptote value in what is known as ‘Sanio’s first law’. However, it is still unclear the effect of radial growth rate on latewood tracheid length and the effect of radial variation pattern of latewood tracheid length on the boundary position between juvenile and mature wood in aged trees. Radial variation modeling was applied to annual ring width and latewood tracheid length in aged trees (79–238 years old) of Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondae grown in natural forests and a plantation in Shimokita Peninsula, Aomori, Japan. In addition, the effect of differences in radial variation patterns of latewood tracheid length on the boundary age between juvenile and mature wood was evaluated. Cambial age showing the maximum values of current annual increment and mean annual increment was 42–121 and 65–189 years for natural forests and 30–33 and 46–52 years for the plantation, respectively. A mixed-effects model based on a logarithmic function with an explanatory variable of only cambial age, and random intercepts of stand and individual tree, was selected as the one best explaining the radial variation of latewood tracheid length. The estimated boundary cambial age was approximately 20 years in all trees regardless of radial growth rate. We concluded that (1) the regularity of radial variation in tracheid known as ‘Sanio’s first law’ can be adapted to at least about 250 annual rings from the pith in T. dolabrata trees, (2) the boundary cambial age is similar to that in younger trees, and (3) the effect of radial growth rate on latewood tracheid length is minimal in T. dolabrata.

Isotopic fractionation of methane between gas and solid hydrate phases provides data regarding hydrate-forming environments, but the effect of pressure on isotopic fractionation is not well understood. In this study, methane hydrates were synthesized in a pressure cell, and the hydrogen isotope compositions of the residual and hydrate-bound gases were determined. The δ2H of hydrate-bound methane formed below the freezing point of water was 5.7–10.3‰ lower than that of residual methane, indicating that methane hydrate generally encapsulates lighter molecules (CH4) instead of CH32H. The fractionation factors αH-V of the gas and hydrate phases were in the range 0.9881–0.9932 at a temperature and pressure of 223.3–268.2 K and 1.7–19.5 MPa, respectively. Furthermore, αH-V increased with increasing formation pressure, suggesting that the difference in the hydrogen isotopes of the hydrate-bound methane and surrounding methane yields data regarding the formation pressure. Although the differences in the hydrogen isotopes observed in this study are insignificant, precise analyses of the isotopes of natural hydrates in the same area enable the determination of the pressure during hydrate formation.

text, 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper, To promote sustainable wood production based on plantation forestry using fast-growing tree species in Gabon, wood properties especially for anatomical characteristics, derived-wood properties related to pulp and paper quality, amounts of wood chemical components, and kraft pulp properties were investigated for Acacia sp. originated from plantation of A. mangium and A. auricuriformis in Gabon. Mean values of basic density, wood fiber length, wood fiber diameter, wood fiber wall thickness, vessel element length, vessel diameter, and vessel frequency were 0.50 g/cm3, 0.98 mm, 17.5 μm, 2.7 μm, 0.26 mm, 138 μm, and 8 vessels/mm2, respectively. Mean values were 0.45 for Runkel ratio, 0.69 for flexibility coefficient, 56.5 for slenderness ratio, 0.36 for Luce’s shape factor, 0.15 for coefficient of rigidity, and 156 × 103 μm3 for solid factor, respectively. Mean values of chemical and pulp properties, in heartwood were 6.0%, 16.4%, 7.2%, 0.4%, 23.5%, 74.9%, 59.5%, 54.8%, and 11.5 for hot-water extracts, 1% NaOH extracts, organic solvent extracts, ash, Klason lignin, holocellulose, α-cellulose, pulp yield, and kappa number, respectively. Obtained values of these characteristics in the present study were in the range of those reported in previous studies. Thus, it is considered that Acacia wood obtained from the plantation in Gabon can be used as raw material for pulp and paper production. In the present study, wood was classified into two types, core (up to 5 cm from pith) and outer wood in anatomical characteristics and derived-wood properties, and heartwood and sapwood in chemical and kraft pulp properties. As the results, these characteristics between core and outer wood, and heartwood and sapwood were almost the same, suggesting that effects of wood type (core or outer wood, and heartwood or sapwood) on pulp and paper quality might be limited on Acacia species grown in Gabon. Based on the results, it is concluded that raw materials of pulp and paper can be supplied from plantations of Acacia species in Gabon instead of natural forests.

text, 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper

Bone, platelet concentrate, and tooth-derived dentin/cementum have been used as autologous materials in regenerative medicine Dentin materials were first recycled in 2002 for bone regeneration in humans, although bone autografts were noted in the 19In October 2021, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases from 1980 to 2020 were screened.The demineralized dentin/cementum matrix (DDM) had better performance in bone induction and bone regeneration than mineralized dentin.Unlike cell culture therapy, DDM is a matrix-based therapy that includes growth factors. A matrix-based system is a realistic and acceptable treatment, even in developing countries. The aim of this review was to summarize the evidence related to both animal studies and human clinical cases using human dentin materials with a patch of cementum, especially DDM.

The sapwood of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) was decayed by the brown-rot fungus Fomitopsis palustris under bright and dark conditions. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of mycelia inside the wood even after 1 week from the start of fungal exposure. Moreover, holes were observed in the torus after fungal exposure. Ruthenium red staining revealed that the pectin in pits was largely absent for 3 weeks. These events occurred before the mass loss of wood samples was confirmed at the early stage. Moreover, FpPG28A was more highly expressed at the hyphal front on a pectin-containing medium under dark conditions compared with bright conditions. This up-regulation under dark conditions indicated that the pectin decomposition ability was promoted inside the wood where light could not reach. In conclusion, we suggest that the brown-rot fungus completed its hyphal expansion within the wood via pectin decomposition in pits before holocellulose decomposition.

Osteoporosis is considered a risk factor for osseointegration during implant treatment. Photofunctionalization of titanium has been shown to improve bone-based cell adhesion, proliferation, and functional expression, increasing the bone-implant contact rate and bone-implant integration strength. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that photofunctionalization is effective for implant fixation using an osteoporosis rat model. In the biomechanical push-in test, the bone-implant integration strength of the photofunctionalization treatment group was 1.53 times that of the control group (p0.05). These values implied that photofunctionalization restored the ovariectomy-induced low bone-implant integration strength to normal states. In the micro-CT analysis, the BV/TV of the photofunctionalization treatment group was 1.32 times that of the control group (p0.05). These values implied that photofunctionalization restored the ovariectomy-induced low peri-implant bone formation to normal states. These results indicate that photofunctionalization treatment increased peri-implant bone formation and bone-implant integration strength in ovariectomized rats.

The effects of statins in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) taking oral anticoagulants (OACs) are not well-studied. This study was a historical multicenter registry of patients with NVAF taking OACs in Japan.We excluded those patients with mechanical heart valves or a history of pulmonary or deep vein thrombosis. Overall, 7826 patients were registered on 26 February 2013 and followed until 25 February 2017. We compared those with versus without statin treatment (statin vs. no-statin groups) for the primary outcome of major bleeding and secondary outcomes of all-cause mortality, ischemic events, hemorrhagic stroke, and ischemic stroke.Statins were administered in 2599 (33%) patients. The statin group was more likely to have paroxysmal AF (37% vs. 33%; p = 0.0003), hypertension (84% vs. 76%; p 0.0001), diabetes mellitus (41% vs. 27%; p 0.0001), and dyslipidemia (91% vs. 30%; p 0.0001) than the no-statin group. The cumulative incidence of major bleeding was 6.9% and 8.1% (p = 0.06). The adjusted hazard ratio [HR] (95% confidence interval [CI]) of the statin group for major bleeding was 0.77 (0.63-0.94) compared with the no-statin group. The adjusted HR (95% CI) for all-cause mortality, ischemic events, hemorrhagic stroke, and ischemic stroke were 0.58 (0.47-0.71), 0.77 (0.59-0.999), 0.85 (0.48-1.50), and 0.79 (0.60-1.05), respectively.Statins significantly reduced the risk of major bleeding, all-cause mortality, and ischemic events in patients with NVAF taking OACs. Their additive benefits should be considered in routine practice and thus be further researched.

The association between body mass index (BMI) and clinical outcomes of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) taking oral anticoagulants (OACs) are controversial, and we thus analyzed the large registry data to elucidate them.We conducted a historical cohort study at 71 centers in Japan and included outpatients with NVAF taking vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). Physicians in charge could change VKAs to direct OACs based on their judgement during follow-up period. We categorized patients into four BMI groups (kg/mAmong NVAF patients taking OACs, underweight patients had higher risks of all-cause death and ischemic events than other patients. Overweight patients had lower risk of all-cause death.

Summary Betula platyphylla Sukaczev, a fast-growing pioneer tree, is an important species for wood resources in boreal regions and steppe areas in Mongolia. We examined the anatomy and maturation of wood in 30 B. platyphylla trees growing in natural populations in three different sites in Mandal, Selenge, Mongolia to clarify the relationship between tree growth and wood formation. Core samples, 5 mm in diameter, were collected from 30 trees with the mean stem diameter at each site. The radial variations in the anatomical characteristics were evaluated using linear or nonlinear mixed-effects models. Almost all measured anatomical characteristics increased from the pith to the bark. Fiber length showed an annual increase of over 1% up to about the 20th annual ring from the pith, beyond which the increase was less than 1%, suggesting that xylem maturation started around the 20th annual ring. The growth rate at the early growth stage did not affect the annual ring number where xylem maturation began. The linear mixed-effects model revealed a site variation in wood fiber wall thickness. Thus, in combination with previous research results with this species, we believe that the selection of superior trees with thicker fiber walls might be possible for future tree breeding programs aimed at improving wood quality for pulp and paper raw materials and the production of solid wood and wood-based materials.

Summary An impacted mandibular second molar is rare. Here,we report two cases of such impacted molars.Case 1:A 22–year–old man presented at our university hospital upon referral from his family dental clinic.A panoramic image revealed horizontal impaction of the left mandibular second molar.Since the patient preferred surgical extraction,the left mandibular second molar was extracted. Case 2:A 54–year–old man presented at our health and dental checkup center.Based on the results of a panoramic image,a dentist from oral radiology diagnosed him with impacted bilateral mandibular second molars.He suggested conducting a complete examination;however,these molars were simply observed and no treatment was provided.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has a poor prognosis; therefore, early detection is essential. In Japan, more than 90% of esophageal cancers are ESCC. Endoscopy is effective to detect ESCC in the early stage, but there is a limited number of reports examining its efficacy and effectiveness.This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of screening endoscopy for detecting ESCC.This retrospective study analyzed the prevalence of ESCC, annual transition of prevalence, and the stage of each ESCC among 128,520 medical check-up patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy from April 2015 to March 2020 at Yamanashi Koseiren Health Care Center. Furthermore, a case-control study utilized the multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the risk factor of ESCC.Among a total of 128,520 subjects, 42 ESCC patients were detected, with 95.2% being diagnosed at early stages. Annual prevalence in males was 0.015% (2/13,122) in 2015, 0.044% (6/13,562) in 2016, 0.044% (6/13,676) in 2017, 0.074% (10/13,488) in 2018%, and 0.11% (16/14,386) in 2019. ESCC prevalence has been increasing each year. A significant increase was observed between 2015 and 2018 (p = 0.039). ESCC prevalence was 0.102% (25/24,272) when focusing on males aged over 50 years with a history of smoking and drinking. Regarding the case-control study, the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed smoking (p = 0.044), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (p = 0.0018), and severe gastric atrophy (p = 0.048) as positively correlated with ESCC.In conclusion, ESCC has been increasing in our center from 2015 to 2019, and the prevalence has been approaching that of gastric cancer in 2019 in male subjects. ESCC can be detected efficiently by targeting males with high MCV who have a history of drinking and smoking.

連続スペクトルにより、大気圧非平衡アルゴンプラズマの電子温度・密度の計測可能性を研究した。放電空間を限定できる放電装置を用い、絶対校正済の測定系で発光分光計測を実施した. このスペクトルを理論曲線でフィッティングする。Druyvesteyn 電子エネルギー分布関数を仮定すると適切な値が導出された。衝突輻射モデルによる励起状態密度と線スペクトル強度とのクロスチェックにより、妥当性を確認した。, The feasibility of spectroscopic measurement of electron temperature and density of atmospheric-pressure non-equilibrium argon plasma was investigated, applying optical emission spectroscopic measurement of a continuum spectrum due to electron-atom bremsstrahlung. Emission spectroscopy was performed with an absolutely calibrated measurement system using a discharge device that can limit the discharge space to one point. The obtained spectrum is fitted with a theoretical curve. Assuming the Druyvesteyn electron energy distribution function, appropriate electron temperature and density were derived. The validity was confirmed by the cross-check between the line spectral intensity and the excited state density calculated with the Ar collisional radiative model with atomic collisional processes.

The flow and thermohydraulic characteristics of an atmospheric-pressure argon arc jet plume injected into water were investigated. The temperature of the underwater plasma plume was measured using optical emission spectroscopy, and the water with a thermocouple. The velocity field of the water induced by the arc-jet injection was observed using the particle image velocimetry method, which demonstrated that as the discharge current increased, the water flow velocity also increased. The diameter of the plasma plume was observed to be approximately the same as that of the anode nozzle, 6.7 mm. The heat transfer characteristics of the injected arc jet plume to the surrounding water were also investigated. The average velocity of the arc jet plume in the water was estimated based on mass balance to be in the range of 280–2500 m/s as a monotonically decreasing function of the flow distance. The velocity of the underwater arc is found to be subsonic over the entire volume of the plasma plume, however, it is larger than the sound velocity of the water up to 10 mm downward from the plasma nozzle. The resultant Reynolds number of the plasma flow was found to be between 1000 and 2800, indicating the flow was turbulent only at the most upstream region up to 3 mm downward from the nozzle, while it was almost laminar over the whole observed area of the underwater arc plasma plume. The heat transfer characteristics were discussed in terms of the dimensionless numbers. The Nusselt number ranges from approximately ∼3.8 to ∼6.5, which is a reasonable value. Although the existing theories of correlation heat transfer cannot fully explain the relationship between these dimensionless numbers, the correlation proposed by Fiszdon and the one by Lee–Pfender can qualitatively explain the observed results for the upstream region, which include the effects of the variation in the mass density, the viscosity, and the specific heat for a constant pressure of the argon arc plasma.

A two-temperature electron energy distribution function (EEDF) is proposed for the non-equilibrium argon atmospheric-pressure plasma. Its continuum emission spectrum, dominated by electron-neutral bremsstrahlung radiation, is analyzed to determine the electron temperature (𝑇e) and density (𝑁e) by optical emission spectroscopic (OES) measurement. 𝑇e was 0.4 eV and 𝑁e were 3.3 × 1015 cm−3 with a discharge voltage of 5.4 kV. The two-temperature EEDF provided a better fit than the one-temperature EEDF.

Using optical emission spectroscopy (OES) measurement and global optimal search methods, the electron energy distribution function (EEDF), electron temperature 𝑇e, and density 𝑁e of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) atmospheric-pressure non-equilibrium plasma (APNEP) are measured. Continuum emission due to bremsstrahlung is observed to the analysis with the spectrometric system in the visible wavelength range calibrated absolutely. Experimental results are compared with the theoretical spectra determined by linear combination of generalized EEDF in entire measurable range. The methodology to find the best theoretical fitting to obtain the plasma parameters is discussed with global optimization mathematics. It is found that 𝑇e 1.9 – 1.5 [eV] and 0.33 – 0.52 [eV], and the general EEDF parameter 𝛾 11 – 5 and 1 – 2.75 in high- and low- energy regions, respectively, as discharge voltage increases. 𝑁e is confirmed to be approximately 0.63 - 5.3 × 10^{13}[cm^{-3}]

This retrospective multicenter study aimed to analyze the clinical features and prognosis of 24 patients diagnosed with LGMS between 2002 and 2019 in the Japanese sarcoma network. Twenty-two cases were surgically treated and two cases were treated with radical radiotherapy (RT). The pathological margin was R0 in 14 cases, R1 in 7 cases, and R2 in 1 case. The best overall response in the two patients who underwent radical RT was one complete response and one partial response. Local relapse occurred in 20.8% of patients. Local relapse-free survival (LRFS) was 91.3% at 2 years and 75.4% at 5 years. In univariate analysis, tumors of 5 cm or more were significantly more likely to cause local relapse (p < 0.01). In terms of the treatment of relapsed tumors, surgery was performed in two cases and radical RT was performed in three cases. None of the patients experienced a second local relapse. Disease-specific survival was 100% at 5 years. A wide excision aimed at the microscopically R0 margin is considered the standard treatment for LGMS. However, RT may be a viable option in unresectable cases or in cases where surgery is expected to cause significant functional impairment.

Background: The impact of early implementation of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in heart failure (HF) patients remains to be elucidated. This study sought to determine whether CR during HF hospitalization could improve prognostic outcomes in patients with acute decompensated HF. Methods: We analyzed patients with HF enrolled in the JROADHF (Japanese Registry of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure) registry, a retrospective, multicenter, nationwide registry of patients hospitalized for acute decompensated HF. Eligible patients were divided into 2 groups according to CR during hospitalization. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death or rehospitalization due to cardiovascular event after discharge. The secondary outcomes were cardiovascular death and cardiovascular event rehospitalization. Results: Out of 10 473 eligible patients, 3210 patients underwent CR. Propensity score matching yielded 2804 pairs. Mean age was 77±12 years and 3127 (55.8%) were male. During a mean follow-up of 2.8 years, the CR group had lower incidence rates of the composite outcome (291 versus 327 events per 1000 patient-years; rate ratio, 0.890 [95% CI, 0.830–0.954]; P =0.001) and rehospitalization due to cardiovascular event (262 versus 295 events per 1000 patient-years; rate ratio, 0.888 [95% CI, 0.825–0.956]; P =0.002) than the no CR group. In-hospital CR was associated with an improvement in Barthel index for activities of daily living ( P =0.002). Patients with very low Barthel index at admission were benefited by CR in comparison with patients with independent Barthel index (very low; hazard ratio, 0.834 [95% CI, 0.742–0.938]: independent; hazard ratio, 0.985 [95% CI, 0.891–1.088]; P for interaction=0.035). Conclusions: CR implementation during hospitalization was associated with better long-term outcomes in patients with acute decompensated HF. These data support the need for a randomized, controlled, adequately powered trial to definitively test the role of early physical rehabilitation in hospitalized patients with HF.

Purpose: We reported in a retrospective study that the presence of micrometastasis in lymph nodes, when assessed by carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific RT-PCR, is a significant prognostic factor in stage II colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical value of micrometastasis in a prospective multicenter trial.Experimental Design: From November 2001 to December 2005, a total of 419 colorectal cancer cases were preoperatively registered at a central data center. Of them, 315 node-negative stage II colorectal cancer cases were enrolled. After RNA quality check, 304 colorectal cancer cases were analyzed for CEA mRNA in lymph nodes by both conventional RT-PCR (a band method) and quantitative RT-PCR. Long-term prognosis of the patients was determined by each method.Results: A positive band for CEA mRNA was detected in 73 (24.0%) of 304 patients. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was applied in 31 CEA band-positive cases with an oral 5-fluorouracil derivative HCFU (1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil) for 1 year, whereas chemotherapy was not administered to CEA band-negative group. Multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that a high micrometastasis volume (high MMV, n = 95) was an independent poor prognostic factor for 5-year disease-free survival (DFS; P = 0.001) and 5-year overall survival (OS; P = 0.016).Conclusions: This prospective clinical trial demonstrates that micrometastasis volume is a useful marker in identifying patients who are at high or low risk for recurrence of stage II colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 22(13); 3201–8. ©2016 AACR.

LNs were collected within 3 hours after resection of the specimens with a disposable LN sampling kit that was prepared in a RNase-free state. In addition to routine pathological examination of LNs, representative five pericolic nodes adjacent to the tumor were cut into halves and stored in RNA laterTM at -20{degree sign}C. Immediately after pathological tests reported node-negative stage II CRC, RNA was extracted from LNs, checked for RNA quality, and then subjected to conventional RT-PCR for the CEA band and qRT-PCR for CEA mRNA value by the Light CyclerTM. Among seven CRC cases tested, Case No. 3, 4, and 6 were judged positive (Lower panel). Positivity of the CEA band was judged consistently by reference of the simultaneously produced control panel. One microgram of RNA from gastric cancer MKN45 cells and colon cancer LoVo cells was subjected to the RT reaction. Each cDNA was serially diluted at 1x10-1 to 1x10-5. PCR was performed using CEA primers and PBGD primers. A positive CEA band was visible at a 1x10-4 dilution in the MKN45 cells and at a 1x10-3 dilution in the LoVo cells (Upper panel).

The standard curves were plotted using the serial dilution of cDNA from MKN45. We confirmed that the CEA value was reproducibly measured in the range of 1.0x10-1 to 1.0x10-4 with standard deviation < 10% in each dilution.

Of 55 node-negative CRCs (9 stage I and 46 stage II), Micrometastais was positive in 59 of 373 LNs (15.8%) at level 1, 16 of 193 LNs (8.3%) at level 2 and 4 of 86 LNs (4.7%) at level 3 through 5 slides inspection by immunostaining using pan-cytokeratin AE1/AE3 antibody (Dako). As results, 27 CRC cases were positive for micrometastasis in LNs. Micromstastasis was found at pericolic nodes adjacent to the tumor (level 1) in 26 cases of 27 CRCs (96.3%). On the other hand, micrometastasis stayed at intermediate nodes along the course of the main blood vessel, e.g., inferior mesenteric artery (level 2) and at central nodes around the root of the main blood vessel (level 3) in 37.0% and 14.8%, respectively. Level 1, pericolic nodes adjacent to the tumor; Level 2, intermediate nodes along the course of the main blood vessel; Level 3, central nodes around the root of the main blood vessel. Level 1, pericolic nodes adjacent to the tumor; Level 2, intermediate nodes along the course of the main blood vessel; Level 3, central nodes around the root of the main blood vessel.

Figure S5: Impact of chemotherapy in High-MMV group. Post-operative chemotherapy was performed in 29 of 95 High-MMV cases and 2 of 201 Low-MMV cases. Irrespective of chemotherapy applied to High-MMV cases, High-MMV group consistently showed significantly worse 5-year DFS as compared to the Low-MMV group with no treatment (P= 0.009, 0.007). Similar results were observed in analyses for OS (P=0.003, 0.026).; Figure S6:Disease recurrence mode in stage II CRC. Among 296 patients, 51 developed disease recurrence after surgery. The recurrent organ site was 60 in all and are listed here. Like more advanced-stage patients, stage II patients had often hematogenous metastasis to liver and lung.

Figure S8: Survival analyses of the entire CEA　band-positive group.　 Of the entire CEA band-positive cases, 31 cases eventually received post-operative chemotherapy using HCFU for one year, whereas 41 cases had no treatment. There was no significant difference in 5-year DFS and 5-year OS between the two groups.; Figure S9. Survival curves stratified by High CK19 expression and Low CK19 expression. Survival analyses indicated that the High CK19 group (n=96) had a significantly (A) worse 5-year DFS (P= 0.001), (B) 5-year OS (P= 0.020), and (C) OS (P= 0.014) as compared to the Low CK19 group (n=193). A total of 289 cases with residual preserved RNA were analyzed.

MM-free CRC group (group a, n=90) had a considerably favorable prognosis. (A) 5-year DFS: 5-year DSF was 93.3, 86.5, and 74.7% in group a, group b and group c+d (High-MMV), respectively. (B) 5-year OS: 5-year OS was 97.8, 95.5, and 89.5 % in group a, group b, and group c+d (High-MMV), respectively. (C) Final OS: final OS was 97.8, 93.7, and 86.3% in group a, group b, and group c+d (High-MMV), respectively.

Background Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a rare type of malignancy comprising a variety of histological diagnoses. Chemotherapy constitutes the standard treatment for advanced STS. Doxorubicin-based regimens, which include the administration of doxorubicin alone or in combination with ifosfamide or dacarbazine, are widely accepted as first-line chemotherapy for advanced STS. Trabectedin, eribulin, pazopanib, and gemcitabine plus docetaxel (GD), which is the empirical standard therapy in Japan, are major candidates for second-line chemotherapy for advanced STS, although clear evidence of the superiority of any one regimen is lacking. The Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Study Group of the Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) conducts this trial to select the most promising regimen among trabectedin, eribulin, and pazopanib for comparison with GD as the test arm regimen in a future phase III trial of second-line treatment for patients with advanced STS. Methods The JCOG1802 study is a multicenter, selection design, randomized phase II trial comparing trabectedin (1.2 mg/m2 intravenously, every 3 weeks), eribulin (1.4 mg/m2 intravenously, days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks), and pazopanib (800 mg orally, every day) in patients with unresectable or metastatic STS refractory to doxorubicin-based first-line chemotherapy. The principal eligibility criteria are patients aged 16 years or above; unresectable and/or metastatic STS; exacerbation within 6 months prior to registration; histopathological diagnosis of STS other than Ewing sarcoma, embryonal/alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, well-differentiated liposarcoma and myxoid liposarcoma; prior doxorubicin-based chemotherapy for STS, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 to 2. The primary endpoint is progression-free survival, and the secondary endpoints include overall survival, disease-control rate, response rate, and adverse events. The total planned sample size to correctly select the most promising regimen with a probability of > 80% is 120. Thirty-seven institutions in Japan will participate at the start of this trial. Discussion This is the first randomized trial to evaluate trabectedin, eribulin, and pazopanib as second-line therapies for advanced STS. We endeavor to perform a subsequent phase III trial comparing the best regimen selected by this study (JCOG1802) with GD. Trial registration This study was registered with the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCTs031190152) on December 5, 2019.

水素分子の振動・回転構造を調べるために広く用いられている波長590nm-640nmで，可視域で比較的強度の高いFulcher-α bandスペクトルを理論計算でシミュレートした。水素分子のFulcher-αbandで許される遷移はΔJ=0,±1（Qブランチ，Pブランチ，Rブランチ）である。そこで，実験データとスペクトルシミュレーションのフィッティングによって回転温度を決定するために必要な，分子のエネルギーを決定する分光定数と呼ばれるパラメータの再検討を実験データとシミュレーションのフィッティングを行う方法により，特に分子の回転運動に関する部分でのみおこなった。その結果として，分子の回転エネルギーについてスペクトルシミュレーションの精度が向上したためこれを報告する。

Social problem solving (SPS), the process by which individuals attempt to cope with stressful life problems, has previously been found to mediate the relationship between stress and disorder-related symptomatology among several medical patient populations. The present study sought to identify a similar relationship among a sample of 63 men diagnosed with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). Results found that SPS mediated the relationship between two different measures of stress and CP/CPPS symptoms. These results suggest that attempts to foster patients' SPS efficacy may help reduce CP/CPPS-related negative symptoms.

Amounts of wood chemical components (organic solvent extracts, Klason lignin, and holocellulose) and kraft pulp characteristics (yield and kappa number) were directly determined for 32 trees from eight half-sib Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. families in second generation of elite trees selected in Thailand. The mean values of all trees were 1.4 % for organic solvent extracts, 21.3 % for Klason lignin, 86.1 % for holocellulose, 44.4 % for kraft pulp yield, and 7.2 for kappa number, respectively. While repeatability values of growth traits and basic density were moderate to high (0.18 to 0.51), those in wood chemical components and kraft pulp characteristics showed quite low values (less than 0.10). No correlation coefficients were found between measured traits, except between stem diameter and tree height. Thus, it is concluded that selection of E. camaldulensis families with superior growth traits is suitable for production of raw material of pulp and paper in respect to quantity and quality of wood.