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Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS) are life-threatening complications of diabetes mellitus. Their clinical profiles have not been fully investigated in the Japanese population. Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted in 21 acute care hospitals in Japan. Patients included were adults aged 18 or older who had been hospitalized from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2016 due to DKA or HHS. The clinical characteristics and outcomes were extracted from patient medical records. A four-group comparison (mild DKA, moderate DKA, severe DKA, and HHS) was performed to evaluate outcomes. Results: A total of 771 patients including 545 patients with DKA and 226 patients with HHS were identified during the study period. The major precipitating factors of disease episodes were poor medication compliance, infectious diseases, and excessive drinking of sugar-sweetened beverages. The median hospital stay was 16 days [IQR 10-26 days] and was longer in the HHS group (19.5 days) compared to the DKA groups (16 days). The intensive care unit (ICU) admission rate was 44.4% (mean) and the rate at each hospital ranged from 0% to 100%. The median ICU stay was 3 days for all groups. The in-hospital mortality rate was 2.8% in patients with DKA and 7.1% in the HHS group. No significant difference in mortality was seen among the three DKA groups. The most common complication was infection (18%), followed by pulmonary edema (2.7%), stroke (2.1%), ventricular arrhythmia (1.6%), and deep vein thrombosis (1%). Conclusions: The mortality rate of patients with DKA in Japan is similar to other studies, while that of HHS was lower. The ICU admission rate varied among institutions. There was no significant association between the severity of DKA and mortality in the study population. Trial registration: This study is registered in the UMIN clinical trial registration system (UMIN000025393, Registered 23th December 2016)

We present a high power 1.3-µm SOA-integrated DFB laser which exhibits a power conversion efficiency of more than 25% with output power of 350 mW up to 45°C. This device also shows an averaged RIN of below -155 dB/Hz.

Objectives We elucidate to investigate the prevalence of and factors associated with the use of physical restraints among critically ill or injured children in PICUs. Design This was a multicenter, longitudinal point prevalence study. Setting We included 26 PICUs in Japan. Patients Included children were 1 month to 10 years old. We screened all admitted patients in the PICUs on three study dates (in March, June, and September 2019). Intervention None. Measurements and main results We collected prevalence and demographic characteristics of critically ill or injured children with physical restraints, as well as details of physical restraints, including indications and treatments provided. A total of 398 children were screened in the participating PICUs on the three data collection dates. The prevalence of children with physical restraints was 53% (211/398). Wrist restraint bands were the most frequently used means (55%, 117/211) for potential contingent events. The adjusted odds of using physical restraint in patients 1-2 years old was 2.3 (95% CI, 1.3-4.0) compared with children less than 1 year old. When looking at the individual hospital effect, units without a prespecified practice policy for physical restraints management or those with more than 10 beds were more likely to use physical restraints. Conclusions The prevalence of physical restraints in critically ill or injured children was high, and significant variation was observed among PICUs. Our study findings suggested that patient age, unit size, and practice policy of physical restraint could be associated with more frequent use of physical restraints.

Objectives Zinc deficiency (Zn < 60 μg/dL) is known to play an important role for vascular calcification. However, little data is available regarding the association between zinc deficiency and aorta stiffness in dialysis patients. Thus, we studied the relationship between zinc deficiency and aorta stiffness in non-diabetic hemodialysis (HD) patients. Methods Of 150 patients receiving maintenance HD at our hospital, we included 79 non-diabetic HD patients (age: 70±11 years, 49 men) after excluding 71 diabetic HD patients. Zinc deficiency was defined as Zn Results The zinc deficiency group (ZD group) included 45 patients (57.0%). Compared to the zinc non-deficiency group (ZND group), patients with ZD group were significantly older, higher levels of CRP and hypoalbuminemia. Moreover, they had significantly higher levels of baPWV, and lower levels of ankle-brachial pressure index (ABI) (p Conclusion The study suggested that zinc deficiency may be an independent risk factor for aorta stiffness, even after adjusting for malnutrition and inflammation.

An AXEL sub-assembly and a 4-channel AXEL TOSA were designed and fabricated. The sub-assembly with a width of less than 0.65 mm was needed to make the width of TOSA applicable to QSFP-DD transceiver. On the other hand, the wire that connects between the terminator and the DC block capacitor must be 0.5 mm or longer to obtain 3-dB bandwidth of over 40 GHz which is enough for 50-Gbaud operation. To become that wire length 0.5 mm or more on the narrow sub-assembly, the AXEL chip was placed between the RF circuit board integrated with the terminator and the DC block capacitor. As a result, the AXEL sub-assembly with a width of only 0.65 mm and with a 3-dB bandwidth of more than 40 GHz was realized. Based on the designed sub-assembly, the 4-channel AXEL TOSA was fabricated. Size of the TOSA is only 18.2 × 6.2 × 5.4 mm (which is suitable for a QSFP-DD transceiver). Optical-modulation amplitudes (OMAs) of the fabricated TOSA exceed +4.7 dBm for all channels. 40-km SMF fiber-amplifier-less transmission of 4-channel × 100-Gbit/s/λ signals was successfully demonstrated by using the fabricated 4-channel AXEL TOSA, 4-channel APD ROSA, and a commercially available DSP. Loss budgets exceed 18 dB for all channels.

Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is a disease of unknown etiology, characterized by refractory frequent focal seizures, which require prolonged intensive care. We successfully treated a boy with FIRES with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapy. This case suggests that an autoimmune mechanism may play a role in the development of FIRES

In our article to extend a 100 Gbit/s/λ fiber-amplifier-less optical link with a simple and cost-effective transmission system, we have fabricated an O-band wavelength range (1260–1360 nm) SOA assisted extended reach EADFB laser (AXEL) with a 300-μm-long DFB laser and 85-μm-long SOA. The length of the integrated electroabsorption modulator was set to 125 μm to obtain a section with low parasitic capacitance for high speed operation. The fabricated AXEL transmitter simultaneously achieved both the sufficient modulated light output of 8.9 dBm and an excellent quality eye diagram for a 53-Gbaud PAM4 signal with the TDECQ value of 1.52 dB. We investigated the effect of the integrated SOA on the AXEL's performance and found no significant degradation of the quality of the eye diagram or the bit error rate (BER) characteristics of the 53-Gbaud PAM4 back-to-back configuration, even when the AXEL achieved high modulated light output power. We were also able to extend the 53-Gbaud PAM4 fiber-amplifier-less optical link to 60 km by using the AXEL transmitter and APD receiver, and achieved error-free transmission assuming KP4-forward error collection (FEC). These results demonstrate that the enhanced modulated light output using the AXEL can successfully extend the 53-Gbaud PAM4 reach with a simple transmission setup.

This study focuses on the conditions for the implementation of the APP, in the form of a concession for the management of the sewerage business. Three uncertainties were identified as limiting factors for PPPs; a) level of service to ensure sustainability, aging of machinery and equipment; b) public spending on rain and the national government subsidy system; c) residents' perception of the water business and the provision of equitable services. The methodology includes case studies (cities of Hamamatsu, Osaka and Nara in Japan). It consists of two parts: a) analysis of relevant published materials and b) application of surveys and semi-structured interviews with municipal officials and, in the case of Osaka, an affiliated company established to operate the sewer business. RESUMEN: Este estudio se centra en las condiciones para la implementación de la APP, en forma de concesión para la gestión del negocio de alcantarillado. Se identificaron tres incertidumbres como factores limitantes para las APP; a) nivel de servicio para asegurar la sostenibilidad, deterioro de maquinaria y equipo; b) gasto público en lluvia y sistema de subsidios del gobierno nacional; c) percepción de los residentes sobre el negocio del agua y la provisión de servicios equitativos. La metodología incluye estudios de casos (ciudades de Hamamatsu, Osaka y Nara en Japón). Consta de dos partes: a) análisis de materiales publicados relevantes y b) aplicación de encuestas y entrevistas semiestructuradas con funcionarios municipales y, en el caso de Osaka, una empresa afiliada establecida para operar el negocio de alcantarillado. RÉSUMÉ: Cette étude se concentre sur les conditions de mise en œuvre du PPP, sous la forme d'une concession pour la gestion de l'entreprise d'assainissement. Trois incertitudes ont été identifiées comme des facteurs limitatifs pour les PPP ; a) niveau de service pour assurer la durabilité, détérioration des machines et des équipements ; b) dépenses publiques en pluie et système de subventions du gouvernement national ; c) perception par les résidents du commerce de l'eau et de la fourniture de services équitables. La méthodologie comprend des études de cas (villes de Hamamatsu, Osaka et Nara au Japon). Il se compose de deux parties : a) l'analyse des documents publiés pertinents et b) l'application d'enquêtes et d'entretiens semi-structurés avec des fonctionnaires municipaux et, dans le cas d'Osaka, une société affiliée établie pour gérer l'entreprise d'assainissement. RESUMO: Este estudo tem como foco as condições de implantação da APP, na forma de concessão para a gestão do negócio de esgotamento sanitário. Três incertezas foram identificadas como fatores limitantes para as PPPs; a) nível de serviço para garantir a sustentabilidade, deterioração de máquinas e equipamentos; b) gastos públicos em chuva e sistema de subsídios do governo nacional; c) A percepção dos residentes sobre o negócio da água e a prestação de serviços equitativos. A metodologia inclui estudos de caso (cidades de Hamamatsu, Osaka e Nara no Japão). Consiste em duas partes: a) análise de materiais publicados relevantes e b) aplicação de enquetes e entrevistas semiestruturadas com funcionários municipais e, no caso de Osaka, uma empresa afiliada estabelecida para operar o negócio da rede de esgotamento sanitário.

This study investigated the effect of adjuvant sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) on inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) dose in patients with pollinosis-associated asthma.We retrospectively evaluated patients with cedar pollinosis-associated asthma who initiated pharmacotherapy with or without adjuvant SLIT therapy from December 2014 to December 2016 and who continued treatment for 3 years. Changes in ICS dose (fluticasone propionate or its equivalent), antihistamine use, leukotriene antagonist use and intranasal corticosteroid (INCS) use over the 3-year period were compared.The study included 36 and 35 patients in the add-on SLIT and standard treatment groups, respectively. At 3 years, the add-on SLIT group showed a significant decline in ICS dose (p = 0.024). Although leukotriene antagonist use and INCS use did not differ between the two groups, the percentage of patients using antihistamines at 3 years was significantly lower in the add-on SLIT group than in the standard treatment group (p = 0.009); one in three patients on adjuvant SLIT therapy was able to discontinue ICS treatment. Patients who discontinued ICS treatment were younger (44.6±13.3 years vs. 55.0±14.1 years, p = 0.042), had a higher FEVThe addition of SLIT to standard pharmacotherapy resulted in a significant reduction in ICS dose at 3 years.

FeSe is a unique high-$$T_c$$ T c iron-based superconductor in which nematicity, superconductivity, and magnetism are entangled with each other in the P-T phase diagram. We performed $$^{77}$$ 77 Se-nuclear magnetic resonance measurements under pressures of up to 3.9 GPa on 12% S-substituted FeSe, in which the complex overlap between the nematicity and magnetism are resolved. A pressure-induced Lifshitz transition was observed at 1.0 GPa as an anomaly of the density of states and as double superconducting (SC) domes accompanied by different types of antiferromagnetic (AF) fluctuations. The low-$$T_{\mathrm{c}}$$ T c SC dome below 1 GPa is accompanied by strong AF fluctuations, whereas the high-$$T_{\mathrm{c}}$$ T c SC dome develops above 1 GPa, where AF fluctuations are fairly weak. These results suggest the importance of the $$d_{xy}$$ d xy orbital and its intra-orbital coupling for the high-$$T_{\mathrm{c}}$$ T c superconductivity.

Aim More than 90% of pediatric solid organ abdominal injuries are treated non-operatively. It remains difficult to decide who should graduate to surgical management, more so if adult physicians must make these decisions on pediatric patients. The purpose of this study was to examine outcomes of all pediatric abdominal trauma cases in a single center, focusing on the decision-making algorithm for operative or non-operative treatment by pediatric and adult physicians. Methods We undertook a retrospective review of a pediatric trauma database from April 2006 to March 2016. Groups were divided into operative and non-operative, single or multi-organ injury, and adult or pediatric physician. Operative treatments included laparotomy or interventional radiology procedures. Primary outcome was survival within 30 days. Results There were 53 abdominal trauma cases; among them, 48 (90.6%) survived and 5 (9.4%) died within 30 days. The probability of survival for mortalities was less than 11%. Forty-two cases were treated non-operatively and 11 operatively. Injury Severity Score was higher in operative group (17 [9, 41]/9 [4, 16.3]). Adult physicians saw 33 patients including seven operative, whereas pediatric physicians saw 20 including four operative cases. There was no statistical difference for the management decision between adult and pediatric physicians. Conclusion Our decisions for intervention were within acceptable rates. Adult physicians did not tend to operate more, but there were cases that did not fit the criteria of the algorithm. Further investigation is needed to look at which factors should be focused on to determine whether or not operative treatments are indicated.

We demonstrate high-power continuous-wave (CW) lasing oscillation of 1.3-µm wavelength InP-based photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs). Single-mode operation with an output power of over 100 mW, a side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of over 50 dB, and a narrow single-lobe beam with a divergence angle of below 1.2° are successfully achieved by using a double-lattice photonic crystal structure consisting of high-aspect-ratio deep air holes. The double lattice is designed to enhance both the in-plane optical feedback and the surface radiation effects in the photonic crystal. The coupling coefficients for 180 ∘ , +90 ∘ , and -90 ∘ diffractions are estimated from the measurements of the photonic band structure as κ1D = 417 cm−1, κ2D+ = 135 cm−1, and κ2D− = 65 cm−1, respectively. The stable single-mode, high-beam-quality operation is attributed to these large coupling coefficients introduced by the asymmetric double-lattice structure.

We have fabricated III–V gain region/Si waveguide hybrid lasers with an InP-based two-storied ridge structure using direct bonding technology. Continuous-wave operation at a temperature of 20 °C with a threshold current as low as 30 mA was obtained for a hybrid laser consisting of a Fabry–Perot cavity with facets formed on the Si waveguide, and it was achieved thanks to a high optical coupling efficiency of over 80% at the interface between the III–V gain region and the Si waveguide using a two-storied ridge structure and a taper waveguide. The wavelength tunable laser which is comprised of a Si cavity with a loop mirror and double ring filters and III–V gain regions with laser and semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) sections was demonstrated by utilizing this hybrid structure. It exhibited a wide wavelength tuning range of 48.6 nm and an optical amplification of 10 dB by SOA.

We report on electrically driven InP-based photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs), which possess a deep-air-hole photonic crystal (PC) structure underneath an active region formed by metal-organic vapor-phase-epitaxial (MOVPE) regrowth. Single-mode continuous-wave (CW) lasing operation in 1.3-μm wavelength is successfully achieved at a temperature of 15°C. It is shown that the enhancement of lateral growth during the MOVPE regrowth process of air holes enables the formation of deep air holes with an atomically flat and thin overlayer, whose thickness is less than 100 nm. A threshold current of 120 mA (threshold current density = 0.68 kA/cm2) is obtained in a device with a diameter of 150 μm. A doughnut-like far-field pattern with the narrow beam divergence of less than 1° is observed. Strong optical confinement in the PC structure is revealed from measurements of the photonic band structure, and this strong optical confinement leads to the single-mode CW lasing operation with a low threshold current density.

To overcome the limitation of the small tuning range of 1.3-µm-wavelength distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) lasers using the carrier-plasma effect, we designed a DBR structure with InAlAs carrier confinement layers and an InGaAlAs core layer. We found that the enhanced carrier density and small effective mass of electrons in the core layer of the DBR regions resulted in a wide Bragg wavelength shift. The enhanced refractive-index change due to the new structure enabled us to fabricate the world’s first 1.3-µm-wavelength superstructure-grating DBR laser with a quasi-continuous tuning range of over 30 nm.

A “palm” cubic-anvil pressure cell (PCAC) having an outer diameter of 60 mm, the smallest cubic-anvil cell to date, was fabricated to insert in a large-bore superconducting magnet. The pressure cell has a sample space of ϕ 2.5 × 1.5 mm^2, which is fairly large for a pressure cell that can reach a high pressure above 4 GPa. Pressure homogeneity was monitored from the ^(63)Cu nuclear-quadrupole-resonance linewidth of Cu₂O up to 6.7 GPa. The linewidth first increased with increasing pressure up to 4 GPa and then saturated above 4 GPa. The pressure homogeneity was better than that of a piston-cylinder pressure cell. The PCAC is advantageous because a large sample space and high pressure homogeneity are secured even at high pressures.

We demonstrate low-loss and broadband light transition from III-V functional layers to a Si platform via two-stage adiabatic-crossing coupler waveguides. A 900-µm-long and 2.7-µm-thick III-V film waveguide consisting of a GaInAsP core and InP cladding layers is transferred onto an air-cladding Si photonic chip by the µ-transfer printing (µ-TP) method. An average optical coupling loss per joint of 1.26 dB is obtained in C + L telecommunication bands (1530-1635 nm). The correlation between alignment offset and measured optical coupling loss is discussed with the frequency distribution of µ-TP samples. We also performed a photoluminescence measurement to investigate the material properties in the GaInAsP layer to see if they are distorted by the strong bending stress produced during the pick-up and print steps of the µ-TP process. The peak intensity reduction of 80-90% and a wavelength shift of 0-5 nm (blue shift) were observed after the process. The series of fundamental studies presented here, which combine multiple analyses, contribute to improving our understanding of III-V/Si photonic integration by µ-TP.

In this study, the 1.3 μm wavelength range super structure grating (SSG-) distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser was experimentally demonstrated for the first time. The use of 1.3 μm wavelength range tunable DBR lasers has been barely reported because of their small refractive index change compared with that of the 1.55-μm wavelength range, although 1.3 μm is a major wavelength range for optical communication. One reason is that increasing the carrier concentration in the InGaAsP core layer in the DBR sections is difficult. This is because the bandgap energy of the core layer for 1.3-μm wavelength range lasers should be relatively large compared with that of 1.55-μm wavelength range lasers, and it reduces the band offset between core and InP claddings. To efficiently trap the carrier inside the core layer, we introduced InAlAs carrier confinement layers (CCLs) to both boundaries between the core layer and cladding layers. As a result, the 1.3 μm wavelength range SSG-DBR laser was successfully demonstrated with a 4.9-nm quasi-continuous wavelength tuning range by using the single SSG-modes. Furthermore, the total wavelength tuning range of 31 nm and stable single mode operation for the entire tuning range were achieved. The introduced CCLs significantly enhanced the refractive index change due to the carrier-plasma effect and thus we can successfully demonstrate wide range tuning of the 1.3-μm wavelength range SSG-DBR laser.

We achieved the world’s first demonstration of 4 × 100-Gbit/s/λ 4-PAM signals 40-km fiber-amplifier-less transmission featuring a power budget over 18 dB using a 4-channel high output power LAN-WDM EADFB laser TOSA and APD ROSA.

We propose an efficient and robust adiabatic-crossing coupler for a p-transfer printed Ill-V/Si platform. Two-stage GalnAsP/InP tapers equipped with a side terrace are designed to maximize the efficiency (1.26 dB/coupling on average) and bonding area.

With a view to realizing a light source for future access networks, we demonstrated a 1570-nm (L-band) wavelength semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) assisted extended reach electroabsorption-modulater integrated with a distributed feedback (EADFB) laser (AXEL) for a high modulated light output power ( P avg) of more than 9.0 dBm. We first compared the static lasing characteristics of the AXEL with those of a conventional EADFB laser fabricated on the same wafer. We found that the light output power of the AXEL was significantly higher and the power conversion efficiency of the AXEL was more than double that of the EADFB laser. Second, we experimentally estimated the effect of the integrated SOA. Under typical driving conditions, a net SOA gain of 4.9 dB was obtained, and the excellent chirp compensation effect of the SOA was observed. Next, we investigated the AXEL driving condition in terms of power conversion efficiency and found that the AXEL with commonly driven laser diode and SOA sections approached the most efficient driving condition even when the electroabsorption modulator bias voltage was applied. Finally, the 10-Gbit/s transmission characteristic was examined. A sufficient P avg of 9.0 dBm was achieved, revealing the potential for access network applications. Furthermore, the transmission distance was successfully extended to 80 km thanks to the chirp compensation effect of the SOA.

A tunable distributed feedback (DFB) laser array integrated with a silica-based external optical feedback planar lightwave circuit is proposed and developed. The laser does not have high-resolution optical filters, and we can tune the wavelength over the entire C-band simply via laser selection and temperature control. The spectral linewidth is successfully reduced thanks to the optical feedback effect. Narrow linewidths of less than 10 kHz are obtained over the entire C-band.

We extend the transmission distance for 28-Gb/s optical links from 40 to 80 km in a single-mode fiber (SMF) in the 1.3-μm-wavelength window by using an intensity-modulation direct-detection scheme. To extend the link budget, and compensate for the optical loss of SMF, we try to increase the optical output power of an electroabsorption modulator integrated with distributed feedback (EADFB) laser. We apply a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)-assisted extended-reach EADFB laser (AXEL) to a 1.3-μm-wavelength light source. To increase the optical output power while using energy efficiently, we design the SOA length in terms of achieving a balance between the laser diode (LD) and the SOA length with a constant injection current of 160 mA. We fabricate an AXEL and an EADFB laser and compare their basic characteristics. By using the high-power AXEL, we achieve the first 28-Gb/s 80-km SMF transmission without the need for digital signal processing or an in-line optical amplifier. The AXEL consumes only 0.26 W and does not require any digital processing or an in-line amplifier and can, therefore, reduce the power needed for an optical network system by tens of watts.

Lewis–Skyrms signalling games have been studied under a variety of low-rationality learning dynamics. Reinforcement dynamics are stable but slow and prone to evolving suboptimal signalling conventi...

This study uses simulations with detailed chemistry to characterize the conversion of the various fuel components—noncondensable gas mixtures, soot, char fines, and coarse char—and to identify the factors that determine unburned carbon emissions (a.k.a. LOI) from CFBCs. It covers virtually the entire operating domain for commercial CFBCs with 20 test cases in 11 full-scale CFBCs for a range of coal quality from brown coals through anthracite. Soot burnout was complete for all cases except one. LOI was entirely determined by incomplete burnout of coarse char particles, except that an anthracite produced fines that burned slower than coarse char. Simulations for a Chinese CFBC accurately depicted how hotter furnace temperatures and load variations affect LOI. The intrinsic char oxidation reactivity determines whether or not char fines and coarse char can effectively compete with noncondensable fuel mixtures for the available O2 at lower elevations, and thereby influence NO production. More reactive chars co...

In tooth root development, periodontal ligament (PDL) and cementum are formed by the coordination with the fragmentation of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) and the differentiation of dental follicle mesenchymal cells. However, the function of the dental epithelial cells after HERS fragmentation in the PDL is not fully understood. Here, we found that TGF-β regulated HERS fragmentation via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the fragmented epithelial cells differentiated into PDL fibroblastic cells with expressing of PDL extracellular matrix (ECM). In the histochemical analysis, TGF-β was expressed in odontoblast layer adjacent of HERS during root development. Periostin expression was detected around fragmented epithelial cells on the root surface, but not in HERS. In the experiment using an established mouse HERS cell line (HERS01a), TGF-β1 treatment decreased E-cadherin and relatively increased N-cadherin expression. TGF-β1 treatment in HERS01a induced further expression of important ECM proteins for acellular cementum and PDL development such as fibronectin and periostin. Taken together, activation of TGF-βsignaling induces HERS fragmentation through EMT and the fragmented HERS cells contribute to formation of PDL and acellular cementum through periostin and fibronectin expression.

A prototypical electron-doped iron-based superconductor $LaFeAsO_{1-x}H_x$ undergoes an antiferromagnetic (AF) phase for $x \geq 0.49$. We performed NMR measurements on $LaFeAsO_{0.4}H_{0.6}$ at 3.7 GPa to investigate the magnetic properties in the vicinity of a pressure-induced QCP. The linewidth of $~^1H$-NMR spectra broadens at low temperatures below 30 K, suggesting that the ordered spin moments remain at 3.7 GPa. The coexistence of gapped and gapless spin excitations was confirmed in the ordered state from the relaxation time $T_1$ of $~^{75}As$. The pressure-induced QCP is estimated to be 4.1 GPa from the pressure dependence of the gapped excitation. Edited by: A. Goñi, A. Cantarero, J. S. Reparaz