Search

В статье освещены современные научные данные касательно эффективных стратегий лечения никотиновой зависимости с позиции доказательной медицины. Материал рекомендован для детального изучения алгоритмов фармакологического и немедикаментозного лечения традиционного курения и перспектив лечебных интервенций относительно вейпинга. Применены методы поиска литературы по базам данных Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, the Cochrane Library., У статті висвітлені сучасні наукові дані стосовно ефективних стратегій лікування нікотинової залежності з позиції доказової медицини. Матеріал рекомендований для детального вивчення алгоритмів фармакологічного і немедикаментозного лікування традиційного тютюнопаління й перспектив лікувальних інтервенцій стосовно вейпінгу. Застосовані методи пошуку літератури по базах даних Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, the Cochrane Library., The article highlights the current scientific evidence regarding evidence-based effective strategies for treating nicotine addiction. The material is recommended for the detailed studying of the algorithms of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment of traditional tobacco smoking and the therapeutic interventions for vaping. For searching literature, the databases of Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library have been used.

This pilot study aimed to develop a tool and methodology for measuring client satisfaction in UK National Health (NHS) Stop Smoking Services (SSS). A brief postcard questionnaire (measuring overall satisfaction with the service, willingness to recommend the service to others and smoking status) and a complete questionnaire (with 20 additional items measuring satisfaction with specific elements of the service) were developed. An NHS SSS mailed the postcard to 298 clients who had set a quit date in the previous quarter, they mailed the complete questionnaire to a subsample of 99 clients. Overall 34% (100/298) of those surveyed responded: 30% (90/298) for the card and 25% (25/99) for the questionnaire (15 people responded to both). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were found to be acceptable for both the overall service satisfaction item (ICC value = .43, p = .05) and the item regarding recommending the service to others (ICC-value = .83, p < .001). Hence the tool had reliability and at least face validity and the survey methodology proved practicable. The small modifications made to service delivery and the need for future research are discussed.

Background Disadvantaged smokers are less likely to be successful when trying to stop smoking than more affluent smokers. In the UK, NHS Stop Smoking Services (SSS) provide a range of pharmacotherapy and behavioural support, delivered by advisors with a range of backgrounds. Whether the types of support provided and who provides it influence differences in quit rates amongst low SES smokers compared with high SES smokers has not previously been examined. Methods 202,084 records of smokers in England who attended a NHS Stop Smoking Service between July 2010 and June 2011 were acquired. Smokers were followed-up by services at four weeks post quit date. Multilevel logistic regression models of CO validated quits were employed. Disadvantage was explored through the National Statistics Socio-Economic Classification (NS-SEC) and by eligibility for free prescriptions, an indicator of low income amongst adults aged between 19 and 59 in England. Results Affluent smokers were more likely to quit than disadvantaged smokers (OR 1.38 (1.35 to 1.42) for clients who paid for prescriptions compared to those eligible for free prescriptions). 80% of service clients received one-to-one counselling but open group forms of behavioural therapy were more successful (main effect OR 1.26 (1.12 to 1.41)) except amongst some of the most disadvantaged clients (long-term unemployed and prisoners). Closed groups were little deployed and they were not significantly more successful than one-to-one behavioural therapy after controls. Who delivered treatment did make a difference for some clients, with all but the most affluent less likely to be successful if they had been treated by a nurse compared with other types of advisers, including smoking cessation specialists (main effect OR 0.73 (0.65 to 0.83)). Conclusion This study provides further evidence that disadvantaged smokers find quitting more difficult even when they have attended a smoking cessation programme. The findings suggest that open groups should be promoted, although they may not be as effective as other forms of behavioural therapy for the long-term unemployed or prisoners. Further research is required to explore why most groups of smokers who attended services staffed by nurses were less likely to quit than those who received treatment from other types of advisors., Highlights • Higher socio-economic status was associated with quitting smoking • Open groups were usually the most effective intervention type • Open groups were not more effective for prisoners and the unemployed • After controls, closed groups were not more effective than one to one support • Generally nurse advisors were less successful than other advisor types

Background: Interventions using sustained aerobic exercise programs to aid smoking cessation have resulted in modest, short-term cessation rates comparable to conventional cessation methods. No smoking cessation trial to date has prescribed intermittent bouts of exercise in response to nicotine cravings. Objectives: This randomized controlled trial examined the feasibility and efficacy of an Internet -based smoking cessation program alone (CON) vs. the same Internet-based program + exercise (EX). Study Population: Participants were generally healthy, inactive adult smokers (N = 38; mean age = 43.6 [SD = 11.5]; 60.5% women) who desired to quit. Study Design: This pilot study added unique strategies to the methods employed in prior studies utilizing exercise as a smoking cessation strategy. Results: Although retained participants (n = 23; 60.5%) achieved a higher cessation rate (26.1%) than all enrolled participants (15.8%), adjusted intent-to-treat and per- protocol binary logistic regression analyses revealed no significant cessation rate differences between EX and CON groups. A repeated measures general linear model (GLM) analysis examining between group and within subjects changes in smoking rate from baseline to post-intervention among all participants revealed a significant within subjects effect over time, F(1, 35) = 11.45, p = .002. However, neither the between group, F(1, 35) = 1.08, p = .31, nor the interaction, F(1, 35) = 0.86, p = .36, effect was statistically significant. Linear regression results indicated that additional days of self-reported exercise on the study website during the intervention phase predicted significantly higher reduction rates among EX group participants, F(2, 18) = 31.08, p < .001. Conclusions: Outcomes from this pilot study were comparable to more resource- and time-consuming smoking cessation programs, suggesting that future iterations of this program may be promising. Results were mixed with regard to the incremental benefit of exercise in the presence of the apparently valuable Internet-based smoking cessation program. The results support findings from related research and underscore the need for additional investigation into both the mechanisms underlying the effect of exercise on cigarette cravings and the challenges of poor adherence in the context of exercise- based smoking cessation interventions