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Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is an important cause of pneumonia mortality in young children. However, clinical data for fatal RSV infection are scarce. We aimed to identify clinical and socioeconomic characteristics of children aged younger than 5 years with RSV-related mortality using individual patient data. Methods: In this retrospective case series, we developed an online questionnaire to obtain individual patient data for clinical and socioeconomic characteristics of children aged younger than 5 years who died with community-acquired RSV infection between Jan 1, 1995, and Oct 31, 2015, through leading research groups for child pneumonia identified through a comprehensive literature search and existing research networks. For the literature search, we searched PubMed for articles published up to Feb 3, 2015, using the key terms “RSV”, “respiratory syncytial virus”, or “respiratory syncytial viral” combined with “mortality”, “fatality”, “death”, “died”, “deaths”, or “CFR” for articles published in English. We invited researchers and clinicians identified to participate between Nov 1, 2014, and Oct 31, 2015. We calculated descriptive statistics for all variables. Findings: We studied 358 children with RSV-related in-hospital death from 23 countries across the world, with data contributed from 31 research groups. 117 (33%) children were from low-income or lower middle-income countries, 77 (22%) were from upper middle-income countries, and 164 (46%) were from high-income countries. 190 (53%) were male. Data for comorbidities were missing for some children in low-income and middle-income countries. Available data showed that comorbidities were present in at least 33 (28%) children from low-income or lower middle-income countries, 36 (47%) from upper middle-income countries, and 114 (70%) from high-income countries. Median age for RSV-related deaths was 5·0 months (IQR 2·3–11·0) in low-income or lower middle-income countries, 4·0 years (2·0–10·0) in upper middle-income countries, and 7·0 years (3·6–16·8) in high-income countries. Interpretation: This study is the first large case series of children who died with community-acquired RSV infection. A substantial proportion of children with RSV-related death had comorbidities. Our results show that perinatal immunisation strategies for children aged younger than 6 months could have a substantial impact on RSV-related child mortality in low-income and middle-income countries. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Surveillance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmitted drug resistance (TDR) was conducted among pregnant women in South Africa over a 5-year period after the initiation of a large national antiretroviral treatment program. Analysis of TDR data from 9 surveys conducted between 2005 and 2009 in 2 provinces of South Africa suggests that while TDR remains low (

A number of neoplasms are known to express somatostatin receptors, and the use of somatostatin receptor imaging in their localization has recently been described. We compared an 123I-labeled somatostatin analog Tyr-3-octreotide (TOCT) and 123I-labeled metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy in seven patients with histologically proven metastatic carcinoid tumors. The optimum time for identifying tumor uptake on scanning after [123I]MIBG was 24-48 hr, and after 123I-TOCT 10-30 min postinjection. Both radiopharmaceuticals showed a varying spectrum of tracer uptake ([123I]MIBG showed no uptake in one patient; minimal in two; moderate in two; and intense in two; 123I-TOCT showed no uptake in two patients; minimal uptake in one; moderate uptake in two; and intense uptake in two). In two patients, 123I-TOCT identified metastatic lesions not seen by [123I]MIBG scintigraphy. These preliminary results suggest that [123I]MIBG and 123I-TOCT are useful and complementary imaging techniques for detecting metastatic carcinoid tumors.

Biomarker data associated with isotopic curve partial differential super(18)O served to establish a stratigraphic scale and thereby a chronology of fluctuations in the circulation and sedimentation of the Kalimantan continental rise throughout the last climatic cycle. During the glacial maximum, period of low sea-level sediments were deposited by turbidity currents originating from Kalimantan. During deglaciation, during rise of the sea-level and more particularly in the Holocene, material issued from Kalimantan either contributed to the building of the Mahakam delta or was dispersed over the shelf. Sulawesi inputs, less abundant and mineralogically different from Kalimantan material, were observed onto the Kalimantan rise. During this same period, circulation in the Makassar strait slowed down progressively while stratification became more marked and practically permanent in the Holocene.

D'un point de vue historique, la distribution des pollutions chimiques dans le milieu marin a été en premier lieu envisagée au niveau des eaux marines. Par la suite, les recherches se sont orientées vers le passage de ces pollutions dans l'échelon biologique. A partir de 1965, le rôle essentiel des matières solides inertes comme support préférentiel de ces composés et notamment des oligo-éléments métalliques dans les milieux fluviatiles estuariens et marins retient l'attention des chercheurs et constitue maintenant un fait universellement reconnu. Par matières solides, il faut entendre aussi bien les dépôts sédimentaires que les matières en suspension. Ainsi, la connaissance de la distribution des oligo-éléments métalliques dans ces environnements implique nécessairement la prise en considération simultanée des trois phases suivantes: -eau, -matière vivante, -matière solide soit en suspension soit sédimentée.

International audience; Major trends of Quaternary global climate are reflected inthe continental ice volume changes which have been reconstructed by oxygen isotope analysis. $\delta^{18}O$ records from deep sea sediments show that the net glacial build-Up occurs relatively slowly, but that the end ofan ice age occurs quickly, in less than 10,000 yr, implying a non-linear response to simple Milankovitch theory. In order to understand the details of the last deglaciation a precise chronology of the paleoclimatic signals is needed. Carbon-14 measurements, performed by accelerator mass spectrometry, provide reliable ages on different species of foraminifera and can be used to provide a time scale for the oxygen isotope record. In addition, a bioturbation model has been used to point out the artifacts which could be falsely interpreted in terms of lead and lag in the paleoclimatic record. A comparison of the data with the restored signals enables the construction of a new deglaciation curve