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6 results on '"Monk K"'

5. Structural myelin defects are associated with low axonal ATP levels but rapid recovery from energy deprivation in a mouse model of spastic paraplegia

Author

Ingo Gregor, Wiebke Möbius, Hauke B. Werner, Ulrike Winkler, Alejandro Restrepo, Johannes Hirrlinger, Christos Nardis, Kathrin Kusch, Anna M. Steyer, Susanne Köhler, Klaus-Armin Nave, Andrea Trevisiol, and Monk, K.

Subjects
Male, Social Sciences, Action Potentials, Nervous System, Myelin, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Nerve Fibers, Adenosine Triphosphate, Cell Signaling, Animal Cells, Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychology, Biology (General), Axon, Microscopy, Immunoelectron, Myelin Sheath, Neurons, Mice, Knockout, 0303 health sciences, Nerves, General Neuroscience, Genetically Modified Organisms, Animal Models, Cell biology, Compound muscle action potential, medicine.anatomical_structure, Phenotype, Experimental Organism Systems, Optic nerve, Engineering and Technology, Sensory Perception, Female, Anatomy, Cellular Types, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Genetic Engineering, Research Article, Biotechnology, Signal Transduction, Genetically modified mouse, QH301-705.5, Imaging Techniques, Transgene, Mouse Models, Bioengineering, Mice, Transgenic, Biology, Research and Analysis Methods, Glucose Signaling, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Model Organisms, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Ocular System, Fluorescence Imaging, medicine, Animals, Myelin Proteolipid Protein, 030304 developmental biology, Paraplegia, General Immunology and Microbiology, Genetically Modified Animals, Cognitive Psychology, Biology and Life Sciences, Transporter, Optic Nerve, Cell Biology, Axons, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Cytosol, Disease Models, Animal, nervous system, Cellular Neuroscience, Animal Studies, Cognitive Science, Perception, Energy Metabolism, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Neuroscience
Abstract

In several neurodegenerative disorders, axonal pathology may originate from impaired oligodendrocyte-to-axon support of energy substrates. We previously established transgenic mice that allow measuring axonal ATP levels in electrically active optic nerves. Here, we utilize this technique to explore axonal ATP dynamics in the Plpnull/y mouse model of spastic paraplegia. Optic nerves from Plpnull/y mice exhibited lower and more variable basal axonal ATP levels and reduced compound action potential (CAP) amplitudes, providing a missing link between axonal pathology and a role of oligodendrocytes in brain energy metabolism. Surprisingly, when Plpnull/y optic nerves are challenged with transient glucose deprivation, both ATP levels and CAP decline slower, but recover faster upon reperfusion of glucose. Structurally, myelin sheaths display an increased frequency of cytosolic channels comprising glucose and monocarboxylate transporters, possibly facilitating accessibility of energy substrates to the axon. These data imply that complex metabolic alterations of the axon–myelin unit contribute to the phenotype of Plpnull/y mice., Imaging of ATP dynamics in the optic nerve axons of mice lacking the major myelin protein PLP (a model of spastic paraplegia) reveals complex alterations in the metabolic interaction between oligodendrocytes and axons, associated with structural deficits of myelin.

Published
2020

6. A G protein-coupled receptor is essential for Schwann cells to initiate myelination

Author

Cecilia B. Moens, Claudia X. Dominguez, Sara Mercurio, Thomas D. Glenn, William S. Talbot, Julie R. Perlin, Stephen G. Naylor, Kelly R. Monk, Monk, K, Naylor, S, Glenn, T, Mercurio, S, Perlin, J, Dominguez, C, Moens, C, and Talbot, W

Subjects
Embryo, Nonmammalian, Receptor, ErbB-3, Cellular differentiation, Neuregulin-1, Molecular Sequence Data, Schwann cell, Axon, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Myelin, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine, Cyclic AMP, Animals, Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, Neuregulin 1, Zebrafish, Early Growth Response Protein 2, Myelin Sheath, Multidisciplinary, biology, Animal, Cell Differentiation, Myelin Basic Protein, Zebrafish Proteins, biology.organism_classification, Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases, Axons, Cell biology, Myelin basic protein, Lateral Line System, Schwann Cell, medicine.anatomical_structure, nervous system, chemistry, Immunology, Zebrafish Protein, Mutation, biology.protein, Octamer Transcription Factor-6, Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase, Schwann Cells, Signal transduction, Signal Transduction
Abstract

Making Myelin The myelin sheath insulates neurons and facilitates rapid axonal conduction, and its disruption is characteristic of some neurological disorders, such as multiple sclerosis. Axonal signals stimulate Schwann cells to form myelin in peripheral nerves, but the mechanism is not completely known. By characterizing a mutation identified in zebrafish, Monk et al. (p. 1402 ; see the Perspective by Meijer ) show that Gpr126, a member of the G protein–coupled receptor superfamily, is essential for myelin formation. It appears that Gpr126 acts as a receptor for axonal signals to elevate cAMP levels in Schwann cells and trigger myelination.

Published
2009

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