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This paper mainly concentrates on finding maximum displacement and Eigen frequency for microelectromechanical system (MEMS) inertial sensors with various beam structures. In this work, six different shapes of beams are attached with one set of electrodes to find which structure exhibits the maximum displacement with less cross-axis displacement and to observe the operating frequency. The momentum of the beams is directly proportional to the thickness and length, which provides the maximum flexibility to produce momentum on proof mass. The beam thickness is 5 um for all proposed sensors and the momentum has been observed by changing different shapes of beam structures. The momentum occurred on proof mass due to applied physical energy. The same amount of physical energy is applied to all structure and the momentum, quality factor, and displacement are measured which had been compared and the table is given.

This paper proposed the high sensitive linear and rotational based differential capacitive inertial sensor. The designed sensor consists of a proof of mass, which resides in an air medium — the acceleration measured along with a change of displacement and the differential capacitance. Sensor modeling and simulation have done with CoventorWare software. SOIMUMPS fabrication process has described because it allows pattern on both sides of an SOI wafer. Solid mechanics and electrostatic analysis have applied for measurement of acceleration. The high sensitivity of 981.28fF/g has observed. The simulated results have tabulated. Finally, performance and future scope of the inertial sensor has discussed.

The Mast/Stem cell growth factor receptor Kit (c-Kit), a Proto-oncogene c-Kit, is a tyrosine-protein kinase involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, and survival. Its role in developing certain cancers, particularly gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), makes it an attractive therapeutic target. Several small molecule inhibitors targeting c-Kit have been developed and approved for clinical use. Recent studies have focused on identifying and optimizing natural compounds as c-Kit inhibitors employing virtual screening. Still, drug resistance, off-target side effects, and variability in patient response remain significant challenges. From this perspective, phytochemicals could be an important resource for discovering novel c-Kit inhibitors with less toxicity, improved efficacy, and high specificity. This study aimed to uncover possible c-Kit inhibitors by utilizing a structure-based virtual screening of active phytoconstituents from Indian medicinal plants. Through the screening stages, two promising candidates, Anilinonaphthalene and Licoflavonol, were chosen based on their drug-like features and ability to bind to c-Kit. These chosen candidates were subjected to all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to evaluate their stability and interaction with c-Kit. The selected compounds Anilinonaphthalene from Daucus carota and Licoflavonol from Glycyrrhiza glabra showed their potential to act as selective binding partners of c-Kit. Our results suggest that the identified phytoconstituents could serve as a starting point to develop novel c-Kit inhibitors for developing new and effective therapies against multiple cancers, including GISTs and AML. The use of virtual screening and MD simulations provides a rational approach to discovering potential drug candidates from natural sources. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1), commonly known as P70-S6 kinase 1 (p70S6), is a key protein kinase involved in cellular signaling pathways that regulate cell growth, proliferation, and metabolism. Its significant role is reported in the PIK3/mTOR signaling pathway and is associated with various complex diseases, including diabetes, obesity, and different types of cancer. Due to its involvement in various physiological and pathological conditions, S6K1 is considered as an attractive target for drug design and discovery. One way to target S6K1 is by developing small molecule inhibitors that specifically bind to its ATP-binding site, preventing its activation and thus inhibiting downstream signaling pathways necessary for cell growth and survival. In this study, we have conducted a multitier virtual screening of a pool of natural compounds to identify potential S6K1 inhibitors. We performed molecular docking on IMPPAT 2.0 library and selected top hits based on their binding affinity, ligand efficiency, and specificity towards S6K1. The selected hits were further assessed based on different filters of drug-likeliness where two compounds (Hecogenin and Glabrene) were identified as potential leads for S6K1 inhibition. Both compounds showed appreciable affinity, ligand efficiency and specificity towards S6K1 binding pocket, drug-like properties, and stable protein-ligand complexes in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Finally, our study has suggested that Hecogenin and Glabrene can be potential S6K1 inhibitors which are presumably implicated in the therapeutic management of associated diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and varying types of cancer. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Existentialism became popular in the twentieth century, and it captured virtually every form of human thought and expression, including the novel, the theatre, poetry, art and theology. Though this philosophy had no specific system or sets of systems, yet it got a wide range of responses due to contemporary social circumstances. Individuals of the 20th century had a problematic existence with anguish, uncertainty, fear, alienation and despair because of different negative socio-political and cultural events that affected every aspect of life in Europe. Philip Larkin belonged to the same century and most of his poems present the typical problems of existence of an individual in the contemporary society. With an aim of better understanding of the poetry of Philip Larkin this paper explores how the poet, while dealing with the themes of his poetry, reflects the mood and ideas of existentialist philosophers. Since philosophy is closely connected with literature, as with other branches of knowledge, this study may help the readers understand Larkin’s poetry from a new perspective. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/iiucs.v6i0.12251 IIUC Studies Vol.6 2010: 97-110

This study analyzes the food safety compliance performances of different stakeholders in value chains of Bangladesh and Thailand from mother shrimp collection to consumers’ plate. Data and information collected through field surveys, interviews, and interactions with different stakeholders in Bangladesh, Thailand and Japan were analyzed and used as the basis of the paper. The results reveal that the competent authority monitors the hygiene and sanitation condition of the buyer-driven value chain activities, whereas processors-cum-exporters implement HACCP procedures about 85% to 90% in all stages of production, distribution, processing and export of shrimp to assure the quality standards. ‘Shrimp suppliers certificate’ and ‘farmers and region code’ in Bangladesh while ‘movement document’ and ‘fry movement document’ in Thailand are used as traceability tools. Both the countries have already started working for certification, eco-labeling and sustainable seafood trade. However, it is recommended to ensure chain traceability together with improved management to increase products’ competitiveness.

This paper evaluates the different variations of integrated farming that are prevalent in developing countries in Asia. A cross-country comparison was done using productivity analysis on duck-fish integrated farming in India, poultry-fish in Thailand, rice-fish in the Philippines, and crop-livestock-fish-homestead integrated farming in Vietnam. The study findings indicate farmers in Bangladesh could add additional components to their on-going farming practices to increase not only the productivity of land and other inputs but also improve economic conditions.

This paper evaluates the different variations of integrated farming that are prevalent in developing countries in Asia. A cross-country comparison was done using productivity analysis on duck-fish integrated farming in India, poultry-fish in Thailand, rice-fish in the Philippines, and crop-livestock-fish-homestead integrated farming in Vietnam. The study findings indicate farmers in Bangladesh could add additional components to their on-going farming practices to increase not only the productivity of land and other inputs but also improve economic conditions.