119 results on '"Mohammad Nisar"'
Search Results
2. Enhanced Thermoelectric Properties of Cu2Se Flexible Thin Films by Optimizing Growth Temperature and Elemental Composition
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Yiliu Li, Yiming Zhong, Dongliang Zhang, Junyu Niu, Mohammad Nisar, Meng Wei, Guangxing Liang, Ping Fan, and Zhuanghao Zheng
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Materials Chemistry ,Electrochemistry ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering - Published
- 2022
3. Genomic constitution and relationships of Ziziphus species collected from Malakand Division, Pakistan
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Nisar Uddin, Noor Muhammad, Niaz Ali, Mohammad Nisar, and Mengjun Liu
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Physiology ,Plant Science ,Molecular Biology - Published
- 2022
4. Effects of heavy bromine doping on the thermoelectric performance and dynamic stability of SnSe2 polycrystals
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Mohammad Nisar, Yue-Xing Chen, Wenning Qin, Adeel Abbas, Zhuanghao Zheng, Ping Fan, and Fu Li
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Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,Materials Chemistry ,Metals and Alloys - Published
- 2023
5. Achieving High Thermoelectric Performance of Eco-Friendly SnTe-Based Materials by Selective Alloying and Defect Modulation
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Adeel Abbas, Mohammad Nisar, Zhuang Hao Zheng, Fu Li, Bushra Jabar, Guangxing Liang, Ping Fan, and Yue-Xing Chen
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General Materials Science - Abstract
Recently, rock-salt lead-free chalcogenide SnTe-based thermoelectric (TE) materials have been considered an alternative to PbTe because of the nontoxic properties of Sn as compared to Pb. However, high carrier concentration that originated from intrinsic Sn vacancies and relatively high thermal conductivity of pristine SnTe lead to poor TE efficiency, which makes room for improving its TE properties. In this study, we present that the Na incorporation into the SnTe matrix is helpful for modifying the electronic band structure, optimization of carrier concentration, introducing dislocations, and kink planes; benefiting from these synergistic effects obviates the disadvantages of SnTe and makes a significant improvement in TE performance. We reveal that Na favorably impacts the structure of electronic bands by valence, conduction band engineering, leading to a nice enhancement in the Seebeck coefficient, which exhibits the highest power factor value of 37.93 μWcm
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- 2022
6. The underlying mechanism between compulsory citizenship behaviors and employee innovative work behaviors and knowledge sharing: A moderated mediation model
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Rawan Abukhait, Mohammad Nisar Khattak, Nessrin Shaya, and Usha Ramanathan
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General Psychology - Abstract
PurposeThis paper draws on conservation of resources theory to advance the literature on extra-role performance behaviors among academics, particularly innovative work behaviors and knowledge sharing, through the lens of work stressors.MethodsWe develop a moderated-mediated model based on multi-source, multi-timed, and multi-level data from a sample of 207 academics and 137 direct supervisors in five higher education institutions in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).FindingsResults show that academics’ compulsory citizenship behaviors positively influence negative affectivity, which, in turn, negatively impacts academics’ innovative work behavior and knowledge sharing. The detrimental effect of compulsory citizenship behaviors on negative affectivity is then positively moderated by passive leadership, which amplifies this relationship. The combined effect of compulsory citizenship behaviors and negative affectivity exerted on innovative work behavior and knowledge sharing are magnified amid the elevated presence of passive leadership, while gender does not significantly influence this association.OriginalityThis is a pioneering study in the context of UAE to look into the counterproductive impact of CCB on employee innovative work behaviors and knowledge sharing.ImplicationsPertinent theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
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- 2023
7. Realizing high thermoelectric performance in n-type Bi2Te3 based thin films via post-selenization diffusion
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Yue-Xing Chen, Jun-Ze Zhang, Mohammad Nisar, Adeel Abbas, Fu Li, Guang-Xing Liang, Ping Fan, and Zhuang-Hao Zheng
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Metals and Alloys ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2023
8. Embracing Heterogeneity in The Multicenter Stroke Preclinical Assessment Network (SPAN) Trial
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Andreia Morais, Joseph J. Locascio, Lauren H. Sansing, Jessica Lamb, Karisma Nagarkatti, Takahiko Imai, Klaus van Leyen, Jaroslaw Aronowski, James I. Koenig, Francesca Bosetti, Patrick Lyden, Cenk Ayata, Patrick D. Lyden, David C. Hess, Pradip K. Kamat, Mohammad Badruzzaman Khan, Krishnan Dhandapani, Ali S. Arbab, Shahneela Siddiqui, Cameron Smith, Mohammad Nisar, Enrique C. Leira, Anil K. Chauhan, Nirav Dhanesha, Rakesh B. Patel, Mariia Kumskova, Daniel Thedens, Kai Wang, Tao Qin, Xuyan Jin, Taylan Denis Erdogan, Lili Yu, Joseph B. Mandeville, William Taylor Kimberly, Jonah Patrick Weigand Whittier, Eng Lo, Ken Arai, Klaus Van Leyen, Fahmeed Hyder, Jelena M. Mihailovic, Basavaraju G. Sanganahalli, Sebastian Diaz-Perez, Sofia E. Velazquez, Hannah E. Beatty, Conor Johnson, Alison L. Herman, Ligia S. B. Boisserand, Emma Immakavar, Raymond C. Koehler, Ted Dawson, Valina Dawson, Yanrong Shi, Brooklyn Avery, Steven Lannon, Adnan Bibic, Kazi Akhter, Senthilkumar S. Karuppagounder, Louise D. McCullough, Lidiya Obertas, Andrew Goh, Shuning Huang, and Anjali Chauhan
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Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,Neurology (clinical) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Abstract
The Stroke Preclinical Assessment Network (SPAN) is a multicenter preclinical trial platform using rodent models of transient focal cerebral ischemia to address translational failure in experimental stroke. In addition to centralized randomization and blinding and large samples, SPAN aimed to introduce heterogeneity to simulate the heterogeneity embodied in clinical trials for robust conclusions. Here, we report the heterogeneity introduced by allowing the 6 SPAN laboratories to vary most of the biological and experimental model variables and the impact of this heterogeneity on middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) performance. We included the modified intention-to-treat population of the control mouse cohort of the first SPAN trial (n=421) and examined the biological and procedural independent variables and their covariance. We then determined their impact on the dependent variables cerebral blood flow drop during MCAo, time to achieve MCAo, and total anesthesia duration using multivariable analyses. We found heterogeneity in biological and procedural independent variables introduced mainly by the site. Consequently, all dependent variables also showed heterogeneity among the sites. Multivariable analyses with the site as a random effect variable revealed filament choice as an independent predictor of cerebral blood flow drop after MCAo. Comorbidity, sex, use of laser Doppler flow to monitor cerebral blood flow, days after trial onset, and maintaining anesthesia throughout the MCAo emerged as independent predictors of time to MCAo. Total anesthesia duration was predicted by most independent variables. We present with high granularity the heterogeneity introduced by the biological and model selections by the testing sites in the first trial of cerebroprotection in rodent transient filament MCAo by SPAN. Rather than trying to homogenize all variables across all sites, we embraced the heterogeneity to better approximate clinical trials. Awareness of the heterogeneity, its sources, and how it impacts the study performance may further improve the study design and statistical modeling for future multicenter preclinical trials.
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- 2023
9. Genetic diversity in nutritional composition of oat (Avena sativa L.) germplasm reported from Pakistan
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Atif Ali Khan Khalil, Mohammad Ihsan, Riaz Ullah, Nisar Ahmad, Abdul Ghafoor, Ramzi A. Mothana, Mohammad Nisar, Muhammad Zahoor, Nausheen Nazir, and Arshad Khan
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ABTS ,food.ingredient ,Chemistry ,DPPH ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Proximate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Avena ,food ,Dry matter ,Malic acid ,Food science ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Quercetin ,Ellagic acid - Abstract
In the present study, 30 potential germplasm of oat (Avena sativa L.) were subjected to proximate, elemental, and HPLC analysis to provide a scientific basis to genetic diversity present among them. The extracts of the selected germplasms were also evaluated for their antioxidant potentials through DPPH and ABTS assays. Proximate analysis showed protein contents to be in the range 8.35 to 17.72% with the highest protein contents in the accession line 22365 (17.72±0.38%). The genotype-725 showed the highest carbohydrate, and dry matter (53.35±0.01 and 93.50±0.07% respectively) contents whereas, the germplasm-830 contained the highest fat (7.88±0.12%) contents while the highest moisture contents were there in germplasm-22348 (11.95±0.06%). The crude fiber contents (19.67±0.19%) were found high in germplasm-832. The mentioned contents were also correlated to each other where a negative (-0.431*) correlation was noted for crude protein and carbohydrate while ash content to crude protein has a positive (0.38*) correlation. A positive and a negative correlation were there in Crude fats/crude protein (0.30*) and crude fats/moisture contents (-0.39*) respectively. Principal component analysis showed an Eigenvalue of 0.76 with a total variation of 85.01% when applied to proximate components. Based on cluster analysis to proximate composition all the oat germplasms were divided into 5 sub-clusters, where accession numbers 769 and 817 were found to be the most diverse genotypes. The elemental analysis confirmed the presence of magnesium (2.89-7.62 mg/L), sodium (3.71-8.03 mg/L), manganese (0.93-3.71 mg/L), copper (0.35-3.36 mg/L), iron (2.15-6.82 mg/L), zinc (1.30-3.37 mg/L), chromium (0.37-3.34 mg/L), and potassium (50.70-59.60 mg/L) in the selected germplasms. Principal component analysis for elemental composition showed the total variation of 73.75% with the Eigenvalue of 0.97. Cluster analysis on an elemental basis divided all the oat germplasms into 7 sub-clusters where accession numbers 769 and 22350 were found to be the most diverse germplasm. Phytochemical analysis performed through HPLC resulted in the identification of nine possible compounds (malic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, morin, ellagic acid, catechin hydrate, rutin, pyrogallol, and mandelic acid) in various germplasm of oat. A concentration-dependent antioxidant response was recorded when extracts were tested as an inhibitor of DPPH and ABTS free radicals. The results revealed that oat grains are a good source of nutrients, minerals, and phytochemicals that can be used as nutraceuticals and as food. The genetic differences revealed that this plant can be grown under varied environmental conditions.
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- 2022
10. The buffering role of servant leadership on the relationship between organizational politics and employee task performance and citizenship behaviors
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Mohammad Nisar Khattak, Peter O'Connor, and Noor Muhammad
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Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Applied Psychology - Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine whether servant leadership (SL) buffers the negative relationship between perceived organizational politics (POP) and employee performance outcomes.Design/methodology/approachTime-lagged multi source data were collected from 236 supervisor-subordinate dyads in a public sector university in Pakistan. SL, POP and several control variables were measured in subordinates at time 1, and supervisor ratings of organization citizenship behaviors and task performance were measured at time 2. The authors performed moderated multiple regression analysis to test the hypotheses underpinning the study.FindingsFindings revealed that POP was negatively related to employee task performance and two types of organization citizenship behavior (individual and organizational). Findings also revealed that SL attenuated the negative effect of POP on employee task performance and the two types of organization citizenship behavior.Practical implications SL is particularly important in organizational cultures characterized by high politics; therefore, managers seeking to enhance task performance and citizenship behavior in employees should adopt this style of leadership if possible.Originality/value This is the first study conducted in the South Asian context that has examined whether, and how, SL buffers the negative effects of POP on employee task performance and organization citizenship behavior.
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- 2022
11. Distribution of polyphenolic compounds, antioxidant potential, and free amino acids in Ziziphus fruits extract; a study for determining the influence of wider geography
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Nisar Uddin, Noor Muhammad, Mohammad Nisar, null Aisha, Niaz Ali, Riaz Ullah, Essam A. Ali, Azhar Abbas Khan, Inayat Ur Rahman, Anwar Khan, and Alam Zeb
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Food Science - Published
- 2022
12. Significantly (00l)-textured Ag2Se thin films with excellent thermoelectric performance for flexible power applications
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Zhuang-Hao Zheng, Yi-Liu Li, Jun-Yu Niu, Meng Wei, Dong-Liang Zhang, Yi-ming Zhong, Mohammad Nisar, Adeel Abbas, Shuo Chen, Fu Li, Guang-Xing Liang, Ping Fan, and Yue-Xing Chen
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Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,General Materials Science ,General Chemistry - Abstract
A flexible n-type Ag2Se thin film with a high power factor (PF) of 21.6 μW cm−1 K−2 and a ZT value over 0.6 was successfully prepared by a facile self-assembled growth method.
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- 2022
13. Phytochemical profiling and antioxidant potential of Daphne mucronata Royle and action against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rabbits
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Amal Alotaibi, Mohammad Nisar, Muhammad Zahoor, Faheem Uddin, Jebran Muhammad, Nausheen Nazir, Riaz Ullah, and Rukhsana Ghaffar
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Antioxidant ,QH301-705.5 ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Phytochemicals ,Epigallocatechin gallate ,01 natural sciences ,Antioxidants ,Lipid peroxidation ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chlorogenic acid ,medicine ,ABTS ,Gallic acid ,Biology (General) ,Traditional medicine ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Uric acid ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Quercetin ,Daphne mucronata extract ,DPPH ,Silymarin ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Ellagic acid - Abstract
The paracetamol-induced injuries of liver and kidneys in animals are mostly used to screen out the hepato and nephroprotective effect of extract or other therapeutic agents. In the present study total phenolic and flavonoid contents, in vitro antioxidant, and in vivo hepato/nephroprotective (on paracetamol-induced intoxication in experimental rabbits) potentials of the Daphne mucronata leaves methanolic extract were determined. For the identification of possible phytochemicals, HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) analysis was carried out and a total of eight phenolic compounds; malic acid, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, morin, ellagic acid, and rutin were identified. D. mucronata extract at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight were given for eight days to paracetamol intoxicated rabbits and the observed results were compared with standard Silymarin. The level of liver enzymes like aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, serum triglyceride, serum cholesterol, serum bilirubin, and kidneys biomarkers like serum urea, uric acid, and creatinine, as well as lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde contents were increased while the antioxidant enzymes like reduced glutathione and total antioxidant capacity were decreased. Furthermore, histopathological analysis of the liver and kidney tissues of control and treated groups also confirmed the hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effect of the D. mucronata which was most probably due to its high antioxidant phenolic and flavonoid phytoconstituents.
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- 2021
14. Correction: Organizational Resilience of Higher Education Institutions: An Empirical Study during Covid-19 Pandemic
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Nessrin Shaya, Rawan Abukhait, Rehaf Madani, and Mohammad Nisar Khattak
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Sociology and Political Science ,Education - Published
- 2022
15. Organizational Resilience of Higher Education Institutions: An Empirical Study during Covid-19 Pandemic
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Nessrin Shaya, Rawan Abukhait, Rehaf Madani, and Mohammad Nisar Khattak
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Sociology and Political Science ,Education - Abstract
Resilient organizations and academic institutions have been identified as contributing immensely to resilient communities. The majority of organizations showing preparedness to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 have deployed an efficient organizational resilience framework. Yet, there is little research on organizational resilience, and the conceptualization of resilience as a complex variable has not been achieved. Focusing on the higher education sector in the UAE during the COVID-19 pandemic, the current study aims to contribute to this promising research area by exploring and expanding a theoretical model on organizational capabilities that constitute organizational resilience. A qualitative phenomenological research design was utilized, where a total of 13 executives from reputable universities were interviewed, followed by a thematic analysis of the data. Findings provided deep insight into the status of universities in the UAE that are currently in the early adaptation stage of the current crisis. Organizational resilience was conceptualized as a process that comprises three successive stages (anticipation, coping, and adaptation), five key antecedents (knowledge, resources availability, social resources, power relationships, and innovative culture), and two main moderators (crisis leadership traits and employee resilience). Important findings were also identified on the needed crisis leadership styles. Recommendations for practice and research are discussed.
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- 2022
16. Amelioration of Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in Experimental Mice Using the Medicinal Plant
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Fazal, Wahid, Tour, Jan, Fakhria A, Al-Joufi, Syed Wadood, Ali Shah, Mohammad, Nisar, and Muhammad, Zahoor
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- 2022
17. SSR-based population structure, molecular diversity and identity cards of Ziziphus species from Pakistan and China
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Mengjun Liu, Noor Muhammad, Mohammad Nisar, Inayat Ur Rahman, Niaz Ali, Zhiguo Liu, and Nisar Uddin
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Genetic diversity ,Plant Science ,Ziziphus ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,DNA barcoding ,Analysis of molecular variance ,Fixation index ,Gene flow ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Evolutionary biology ,Genetics ,Microsatellite ,Genetic variability ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Research work on the genetic diversity within Pakistani and Chinese Ziziphus species is limited, and to date, no single report on the application of DNA barcoding attempt for identification of Ziziphus species is available in literature. Therefore, the current study was designed to assess diversity and relationships among Ziziphus species genotypes and to develop a unique identity card and for their conservation. The study has used 99 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers for gaining insights into the genetic diversity within 200 genotypes of four Ziziphus species. Successful amplification was achieved with 59 SSRs; and was applied for understanding the population structure and relationships among the Ziziphus species/genotypes. Unique SSR fingerprints of three highly polymorphic loci were used for developing molecular identity cards for each genotype. A total of 158, 165, 168, 157 and 168 alleles were amplified from Z. jujuba Mill., Z. nummularia (Burm.f.) Wight & Arn., Z. oxyphylla Edgew. (Pakistani origin), Z. mauritiana Lam. and Z. jujuba Mill., (Chinese origin) respectively. Alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 6, averaging 2.83, 2.82, 3.366, 2.80 and 3.09. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed high genetic variability (83%) whereas; fixation index (0.014) and gene flow estimates (1.32) indicated frequent gene flow within Ziziphus species. STRUCTURE and PCA analysis resolved all genotypes into five populations. Further, molecular identity cards were developed for all genotypes. The overall results indicated prevalence of genetic variability and relationships among Ziziphus species; yet the same Z. jujuba species across geographical boundaries has retained unique alleles and this may facilitate development of agronomically desirable and genetically improved Ziziphus cultivars.
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- 2021
18. Understanding the interplay between support agencies and small and medium-sized enterprises in a conflict environment from an institutional theory perspective
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Noor Muhammad, David Robinson, and Mohammad Nisar Khattak
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Government ,Entrepreneurship ,Public Administration ,Public economics ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Unrest ,Small business ,General Business, Management and Accounting ,0506 political science ,Need to know ,0502 economics and business ,Terrorism ,Unemployment ,050602 political science & public administration ,business ,Institutional theory ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
PurposeThis study determines the relationship between small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and their support providers during three phases: pre-conflict environment, during conflict environment, and the post-conflict (uncertain) environment with the reference to institutional theory in the northwest region of Pakistan where there is ongoing unrest between the authorities and the insurgents.Design/methodology/approachUsing a qualitative approach, a total of 23 semi-structured interviews were conducted, 19 with the owner-managers of small manufacturing firms and 4 from small business support providers in the region.FindingsThe authors theorise the changing role of support agencies as differing institutional gaps, while conflict is destructive for SMEs and support agencies; paradoxically the crisis results in stronger relationships between the support providers and SMEs which was weaker in the pre-conflict environment. Such stronger relationship enhanced the cognitive pillar of institutional theory where entrepreneurship is supported by various groups including government agencies and SMEs to alleviate unemployment in the region which is one of the potential reasons of terrorism in the country.Practical implicationsThe study may have value for policymakers who need to know more about how small businesses and support providers develop a support network in difficult regions and give a comprehensive framework to other conflictual regions who face similar circumstances.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the previous literature in several ways. First, the study reveals the impact of conflict environment on small businesses and support providers where a little research has been undertaken. Second, the study shows the support mechanism in three different intervals pre-conflict, during the conflict and post-conflict and how the Talibanization in the region has a positive impact by strengthening the support structure among small businesses and support providers. Finally, the study contributes to the growing body of literature on entrepreneurship in conflict environments.
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- 2021
19. Chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antidiabetic potential of essential oil of Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb
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Nausheen Nazir, Mohammad Nisar, Muhammad Zahoor, and Faheem Uddin
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Antioxidant ,DPPH ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Antioxidants ,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,law ,medicine ,Oils, Volatile ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Pakistan ,ABTS ,Elaeagnus umbellata ,Enzyme Inhibitors ,Essential oil ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Elaeagnaceae ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,Plant Extracts ,alpha-Glucosidases ,lcsh:Other systems of medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Ascorbic acid ,lcsh:RZ201-999 ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,chemistry ,α-Glucosidase and α-amylase ,Cholinesterase Inhibitors ,Anti-cholinesterase ,Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry ,alpha-Amylases ,GC-MS ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. (autumn olive) is a high valued medicinal plant. It belongs to Elaeagnaceae family and is widely distributed in Himalayan regions of Pakistan. In the present study essential oil were extracted from the fruit of this plant and their antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antidiabetic potentials were also evaluated. Methods Essential oils were extracted from the fruit of E. umbellata using hydro-distillation method and were characterized by GC-MS. The extracted oil were tested for its antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antidiabetic potentials using standard protocols. Results About 68 compounds were identified by GC-MS. The extracted oil exhibited a fairly high free radical scavenging activities against DPPH and ABTS radicals with IC50 values of 70 and 105 μg/mL respectively (for ascorbic acid, used as standard, the IC50 values were 32 and 29 μg/mL, respectively against the mentioned radicals). The essential oil also exhibited anticholinesterase activities with IC50 values of 48 and 90 μg/mL respectively against AChE and BChE (for galantamine used as standard, the IC50 values were 25 and 30 μg/mL respectively). The essential oil also exhibited antidiabetic potential with IC50 values of 120 and 110 μg/mL respectively against α-glucosidase and α-amylase (IC50 values for standard acarbose = 28 and 30 μg/mL respectively). Conclusion Essential oil extracted from the fruits of E. umbellata exhibited reasonable antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antidiabetic potentials that could be used as alternative medicine in treating diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders. However, further studies are needed to isolate responsible compounds and evaluate the observed potential in animal models. Graphical abstract
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- 2021
20. Correction: Aman et al. Impact of Tourist’s Environmental Awareness on Pro-Environmental Behavior with the Mediating Effect of Tourist’s Environmental Concern and Moderating Effect of Tourist’s Environmental Attachment. Sustainability 2021, 13, 12998
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Shahrukh Aman, Nadir Munir Hassan, Mohammad Nisar Khattak, Mohamed A. Moustafa, Mahendra Fakhri, and Zeeshan Ahmad
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Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Building and Construction ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law - Abstract
The authors would like to make the following corrections about the published paper [...]
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- 2023
21. Coherent scatter X-ray imaging of plastic–titanium targets
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Adham Aleid, Khalid Alhussaini, and Mohammad Nisar
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Radiation - Published
- 2023
22. Distribution and phenotypic variation in Juglans regia L. growing in Hindu Kush ranges of Pakistan
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Murad Ali, Manzoor Hussain, Waqar Ali Khan, Kishwar Ali, and Mohammad Nisar
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Nut ,Veterinary medicine ,Pomology ,Humidity ,Regression analysis ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,010501 environmental sciences ,Seasonality ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Plant morphology ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,medicine ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Precipitation ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Juglans - Abstract
It has been shown that plant morphology and pomology are shaped by their genotype and respective environmental changes. We hypothesize that climate induces variability in Juglans regia (walnut) landraces growing in the un-explored area of Pakistan. ArcGIS modelling and cartographic functions were performed for the indication of variation in temperature, precipitation, mean diurnal range, humidity and precipitation seasonality. Maxent Modelling techniques were used to determine the most important variables responsible for the current distribution of the species. Among the qualitative traits, Broad elliptic leaf shape and dark green leaf color were dominant traits in all three districts, while Ovate Nut shapes were noted in district Swat and Upper Dir and Broad ovate shapes were recorded in district Lower Dir. For quantitative traits the Pearson correlation revealed that leaf width (LW) showing positive significant correlation with nut volume (NV) (r = 0.24) and nut diameter (ND) (r = 0.199) only in district Swat. Descriptive statistics revealed that nut volume (NV) showed high variation i.e. 32.97% in district Upper Dir & 32.54% in District Lower Dir followed by 10 KW (kernel weight) with 27.26% diversity in district Swat. It was found that, genotypes representing 21.09% nut length (NL) and nut diameter (ND) 10.72% variation while mean value 28.32 and 83.96 respectively with the annual rainfall of 75.15 mm in district Swat, but with gradual increase in rainfall (99.17 mm), genotypes in district Lower Dir contained comparatively smaller nut length (NL) 13.21% and nut diameter (ND) 8.38% variation with mean value 32.93 and 86.38 respectively. Consequently, the genotypes with the smallest nut length (NL) and nut diameter (ND) of 10.71% with the mean value of 30.00 and 7.43% variation with mean value 85.88 respectively were recorded in district Upper Dir where the annual rainfall recorded was 109.75 mm. The regression analysis indicates that rainfall significantly (p ≥ .045 and 0.012) affect the Nut length and Nut diameter with r = −0.99* and r = −1.00*, respectively. It was obvious that, gradual increase in rainfall reduced nut length and nut diameter. The study gives insights in probable effects of environmental variables on the walnut morphology.
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- 2020
23. Anatomical Characterization, HPLC Analysis, and Biological Activities of Ilex dipyrena
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Amjad Ali, Mohammad Nisar, Syed Wadood Ali Shah, Atif Ali Khan Khalil, Muhammad Zahoor, Nausheen Nazir, Sayed Afzal Shah, Fahd A. Nasr, Omar M. Noman, Ramzi A. Mothana, Sajjad Ahmad, and Hafiz Muhammad Umer Farooqi
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anatomy ,microscopy ,antioxidant ,anti-inflammatory ,Ilex dipyrena ,Ecology ,Plant Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Ilex dipyrena Wall (Aquifoliaceae), is a traditional medicinal plant abundantly found in India and Pakistan. In the current research work, initially, the anatomical characteristics were recorded through microscopic examination of selected plant parts, such as leaf, petiole, and midrib. Then, the quantitative phytochemical screening was performed using standard tests reported in literature. The whole-plant powdered sample was then soaked in methanol to obtain crude extract, which was then fractionated into solvents of different polarities to obtain ethyl acetate, chloroform, butanol, hexane, and aqueous extracts. The phytochemical composition of the crude ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts (being the most active fractions) was then confirmed through HPLC analyses, where the possible phytochemical present were predicted through comparison of retention time of a given compound peak with the available standards. The extracts were also evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant and ani-lipoxygenase potentials using standard methods. The microscopic examination revealed the presence of anomocytic type stomata on the abaxial side of the leaf as well as unicellular trichrome and calcium oxalate druses crystals in the midrib and petiole, with a single, centered U-shaped collateral arterial bundle, which was directed toward the adaxial and the phloem toward the abaxial sides of the selected plant parts, respectively. Almost all tested representative groups of phytochemicals and essential minerals were detected in the selected plant, whereas five possible phytochemicals were confirmed in crude and chloroform extract and seven in ethyl acetate fraction. As antioxidant, chloroform fraction was more potent, which exhibited an IC50 value of 64.99, 69.15, and 268.52 µg/mL, determined through DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Ethyl acetate extract was also equally potent against the tested free radicals. Chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts were also potent against lipoxygenase, with IC50 value of 75.99 and 106.11 µg/mL, respectively. Based on the results of biological studies, Ilex dipyrena was found to good inhibitor of free radicals and lipoxygenase that could be further investigated to isolate compounds of medicinal importance.
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- 2022
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24. Anatomical Characterization, HPLC Analysis, and Biological Activities of
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Amjad, Ali, Mohammad, Nisar, Syed Wadood Ali, Shah, Atif Ali Khan, Khalil, Muhammad, Zahoor, Nausheen, Nazir, Sayed Afzal, Shah, Fahd A, Nasr, Omar M, Noman, Ramzi A, Mothana, Sajjad, Ahmad, and Hafiz Muhammad Umer, Farooqi
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- 2022
25. Genetic Diversity of Alnus nitida Reported from Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Javed Khan, Abdul Majid, Mohammad Nisar, Ali Hazrat, Nausheen Nazir, Muhammad Zahoor, Mohammad Ihsan, Azhar Hussain Shah, Muhamad Ajmal Khan, and Muhammad Yahya
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General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Published
- 2022
26. Bacterial-mediated phytoremediation of heavy metals
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Aqsa bibi, Mohammad Nisar, Gul Raheem, Muhammad Laiq, and Abid Ullah
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- 2022
27. Contributors
- Author
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Shahrukh Nawaj Alam, Mohammad Israil Ansari, null Anshumali, Tatiana Nkwah Bantec, Kuldeep Bauddh, Ram Naresh Bharagava, Arijita Bhattacharyya, Aqsa bibi, Nirmali Bordoloi, Sam Cherian, António Xavier Pereira Coutinho, Anuradha Devi, Sonal Dixit, Neha Dwivedi, Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira, Joël Fontaine, Helena Freitas, Sudip Kumar Ghosh, Antara Ghosh, Abhishek Guldhe, Kiran Gupta, Neha Gupta, Khushboo Gupta, Arti Hansda, Shilpa Deshpande Kaistha, Biswajit Kar, Susmita Karmakar, Zaira Khalid, Prem Chand Kisku, Anup Kumar, Vipin Kumar, Vineet Kumar, Amit Kumar, Manoj Kumar, Sanjeev Kumar, Narendra Kumar, Raushan Kumar, Khushbu Kumari, Priyanka Kumari, Muhammad Laiq, Anissa Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui, Ying Ma, Tushar Kanti Maiti, Soumik Mitra, Sayanta Mondal, Nandkishor More, Sikandar I. Mulla, Anna Muratova, Mohammad Nisar, Rui S. Oliveira, Manisarani Patel, Krishnendu Pramanik, Gul Raheem, Robin Raveau, Rajeswari Roy, Ashish Sachan, Lala Saha, Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale, Gauri Saxena, Mehran Shirvani, Bhaskar Singh, Shreya Singh, Ritu Singh, Soni Kumari Singh, Ravi Prakash Srivastava, Ankit Abhilash Swain, Preetanshika Tracy, Olga Turkovskaya, Abid Ullah, Pramila Devi Umrao, Neha Vishnoi, Zahra Yahaghi, and Chang Zhang
- Published
- 2022
28. Role of nitric oxide in drought stress
- Author
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Ali Hazrat, Mohammad Nisar, Sana Ullah, Atta Ullah, Muhammad Laiq, Abid Ullah, Syed Irfan Ullah, and Mohammad Ihsan
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Drought stress ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Nitric oxide - Published
- 2022
29. Realizing high thermoelectric performance in highly (0l0)-textured flexible Cu2Se thin film for wearable energy harvesting
- Author
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Zhuang-Hao Zheng, Dong-Liang Zhang, Bushra Jabar, Tian-Bao Chen, Mohammad Nisar, Yun-Fei Chen, Fu Li, Shuo Chen, Guang-Xing Liang, Xiang-Hua Zhang, Ping Fan, Yue-Xing Chen, Shenzhen University [Shenzhen], Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Beihang University (BUAA), 2019A1515110107, 2020A1515010515, National Natural Science Foundation of China, NSFC: 11604212, and Shenzhen University, SZU
- Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous) ,Flexible thin film ,Thermoelectric ,Figure of merit ,[CHIM]Chemical Sciences ,General Materials Science ,[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry ,Cu2Se ,Energy (miscellaneous) - Abstract
International audience; Searching for eco-friendly and earth-abundant materials to supersede traditional high-cost bismuth telluride for fabricating wearable devices is of great significance in thermoelectrics. In this work, promising flexible Cu2Se based thin films with high thermoelectric performance is successfully fabricated via a facile co-sputtering method. Experimental results indicate that excess Cu in Cu2Se films leads to the decrease of carrier concentration by suppressing the formation of Cu vacancies and donating electrons, benefiting to achieve high Seebeck coefficient. Moreover, Cu-excess Cu2Se films have highly (0l0) preferred orientation and extra high carrier mobility, maintaining the decent electrical conductivity in the whole measurement temperature range. Combined with the low thermal conductivity, a maximum ZT of 0.42 is obtained at 275 °C from the Cu-excess Cu2Se due to the simultaneous optimization both of electrical and heat transport. Subsequently, a flexible thermoelectric device assembled with high performance Cu2Se films exhibits a maximum power density of 4.28 Wm-2 at a temperature difference of 50 °C, which thermal stability is greatly improved after introducing a molybdenum buffer layer into electrode layer. Therefore, this work demonstrates that rational microstructure manipulations and connection technology improvement can achieve high performance in the flexible thermoelectric device, which possess potential in wearable applications.
- Published
- 2022
30. Ethnomedicinal and Cultural Importance of Myrtus communis L. for the Local Communities Living in the Remote Tribal District of Bajaur
- Author
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Farman Ullah, Kishwar Ali, null Abdullah, Mohammad Nisar, Muhammad Aisf, and Hussain Shah
- Published
- 2022
31. List of contributors
- Author
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Ali Akbar, Shafaqat Ali, Luciano do Amarante, Nejamkin Andres, Muhammad Arslan Ashraf, Palak Bakshi, Shagun Bali, Aditya Banerjee, Avishek Banik, Eva Barreno, María P. Benavides, Karim Ben Hamed, Péter Benkő, Renu Bhardwaj, Kaushal K. Bhati, Claudia Anahí Casalongué, Raúl Cassia, Myriam Catalá, Ahsen Sevde Cinar, Cristiane J. Da-Silva, Somali Dhal, Arvind Kumar Dubey, Joana R. Expósito, María Belén Fernández, Del Castello Fiorella, Susana M. Gallego, Ambedkar Gautam, Katalin Gémes, Agnieszka Gniazdowska, Diego Genuário Gomes, María D. Groppa, Anil Kumar Gupta, Ali Hazrat, Adil Hussain, Mohammad Ibrahim, María José Iglesias, Mohammad Ihsan, Qari Muhammad Imran, Muhammad Iqbal, Alireza Iranbakhsh, Małgorzata Janicka, Shivam Jasrotia, Katarzyna Kabała, Nikolett Kaszler, Rimaljeet Kaur, Ravinderjit Kaur, Parminder Kaur, Anjali Khajuria, Kanika Khanna, Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli, Urszula Krasuska, Navin Kumar, Vinod Kumar, Muhammad Laiq, Lorenzo Lamattina, Lucas Latorre, Ramirez Leonor, Zhong-Guang Li, Weibiao Liao, Patrícia Juliana Lopes-Oliveira, Germán Lukaszewicz, Jyotirmaya Mathan, Bilal Ahmad Mir, Lutfun Nahar, Correa-Aragunde Natalia, Mohammad Nisar, Foresi Noelia, Puja Ohri, Halley Caixeta Oliveira, Alev Onder, Zahra Oraghi Ardebili, Narges Oraghi Ardebili, Harshata Pal, Milena Trevisan Pelegrino, Liliana B. Pena, Elisabeth Planchet, Rizwan Rasheed, Małgorzata Reda, Aryadeep Roychoudhury, Indraneel Sanyal, Satyajit D. Sarker, G.F.E. Scherer, Amedea Barozzi Seabra, Muhammad Shahid, Pooja Sharma, Nandni Sharma, Anuradha Singh, Pawel Staszek, María Cecilia Terrile, Abid Ullah, Syed Irfan Ullah, Sana Ullah, Atta Ullah, Agnieszka Wal, R. Wimalasekera, Amit Yadav, Byung-Wook Yun, Sadia Zafar, Joanna Zak, and Jing Zhang
- Published
- 2022
32. A Review on Traditional Uses and Pharmacological Importance of Genus Elaeagnus Species
- Author
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Mohammad Nisar, Nausheen Nazir, and Muhammad Zahoor
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Shepherdia ,food.ingredient ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,Elaeagnus ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,food ,Phytochemical ,Genus ,Hippophae ,Phytochemical composition ,Elaeagnaceae ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Biological evaluation - Abstract
Family Elaeagnaceae is also known as oleaster family having three genera: Hippophae, Shepherdia and Elaeagnus, and about 70–80 species found worldwide. The multipurpose uses of genus Elaeagnus, their pharmacological significances and diverse chemical composition make them worthy of investigation and exploration for botanists and phytochemists. This critical review summarizes the botanical distribution, phytochemical constituents, and biological activities of various species of genus Elaeagnus. The online published material/papers available at different search engines were studied to compile this review. The existing literature available on search engines like Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer, Elsevier, Scopus, Taylor and Francis, ACS publications, Google Scholar and Wiley On-line Library, was screened to collect relevant data. Elaeagnus species are widely used to treat a number of health issues due to their God gifted phytochemical compositions having great beneficial health applications. Phytochemical and biological evaluation studies have revealed the presence of essential chemical constituents like flavonoids, phenolic acids, carotenoids, terpenoids, lignanoids, organic acids, coumarins, alkaloids, steroids, vitamin C, lycopene, and polyphenols in Elaeagnus species that are responsible for their remarkable observed biological activities like antioxidant, antidiabetic, antibacterial, muscle relaxant effect, anti-diarrheal, antinociceptive, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and anti-amnesic activities. This review presents the importance of some species of genus Elaeagnus in terms of their traditional medicinal uses, phytochemical composition as well as potential pharmacological properties. However, bio-guided isolation studies are needed to understand the role of a particular compound in the observed biological activities.
- Published
- 2020
33. First Principle Study of Structural, Electronic, Elastic, and Magnetic Properties of Half-Heusler Compounds ScTiX (X = Si, Ge, Pb, In, Sb, and Tl)
- Author
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Nasir Rahman, Muhammad Yaqoob Khan, Mudasser Husain, Juan Yang, Muhammad Sajjad, Mohammad Nisar, Mahmood ul Haq, Anwar Habib, Abdur Rauf, Ghulam Murtaza, Zulfiqar, and Abdul Karim
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Thin layers ,Spintronics ,Condensed matter physics ,Magnetic moment ,Fermi level ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,WIEN2k ,symbols.namesake ,Lattice constant ,Ferromagnetism ,0103 physical sciences ,symbols ,Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons ,Density functional theory ,010306 general physics - Abstract
Herein, we report the study of half-Heusler ScTiX (X = Si, Ge, Pb, In, As, and Tl) compounds for the first time employing the scheme of density functional theory (DFT). The influence of on-site Coulomb interactions is taken into account, and simulations are conducted in generalized gradient approximation with the added Hubbard U term (GGA + U). All the compounds were observed to have a narrow band gap on the spin-down configuration. Though spinning the majority channel (spin-up), it is found to be metallic. Consequently, all compounds are semi-metallic or half-metallic and 100% of spin polarized at the Fermi level. Various features, comprising structural, magnetic, elastic, and electronic properties, are calculated through full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method, since they are incorporated in the computer simulation package of WIEN2k. Equilibrium lattice constants are observed for all the compounds which exist within the domain of 6.4–6.8 A°. The IRelast package is already integrated in WIEN2K that has been used for the elastic properties. Elastic features reflect the brittle character of all the material. The total magnetic moments for all such materials are greater than 3 μB, i.e., 3 μB of MTot. Therefore, the compounds show a strong ferromagnetic behavior. These are therefore expected to be used as shape base for thin layers within metastable situations for spintronic applications. The resulted elastic properties show that ScTiSi is ductile, while all other five compounds represent brittle nature. Above findings delight the prospect of ScTiX (X = Si, Ge, Pb, In, As and Ti) compounds in developing half-metallic HH compounds for spintronics and memory storage appliances.
- Published
- 2020
34. The interplay between servant leadership and organizational politics
- Author
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Peter J. O'Connor and Mohammad Nisar Khattak
- Subjects
Organizational citizenship behavior ,Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Public sector ,Servant leadership ,050109 social psychology ,Context (language use) ,Structural equation modeling ,Originality ,Social exchange theory ,0502 economics and business ,Survey data collection ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychology ,business ,Social psychology ,050203 business & management ,Applied Psychology ,media_common - Abstract
PurposeUsing the frameworks of social exchange theory (SET) and conservation of resources (COR) Theory, this study examined the influence of servant leadership on employees' performance through the social exchange indicator (trust), and how perceived organizational politics (POP) influences these relationships.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data were collected from 236 supervisor/subordinate dyads in a public sector organization in Pakistan. Structural equation modeling and bootstrapping were used to test the study hypotheses.FindingsServant leadership was found to positively influence employees' task performance and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). Further, analysis revealed that trust in leader partially mediated the positive relationship between servant leadership and subordinates' task performance and OCBs. However, although POP moderated the indirect relationship between servant leadership and subordinates' task performance, it did not moderate the indirect relationships between servant leadership and OCBs.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies to be conducted in the South Asian context, testing the relationship between servant leadership and employee performance through the social exchange indicator (trust) in a political organizational environment. Theoretical contributions, practical implications, study limitations and future research directions are discussed at the end of the study.
- Published
- 2020
35. HPLC-UV characterization, anticholinesterase, and free radical-scavenging activities of Rosa moschata Herrm. leaves and fruits methanolic extracts
- Author
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Atif Ali Khan Khalil, Muhammad Zahoor, Sajjad Ahmad, Nausheen Nazir, and Mohammad Nisar
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Hydroxybenzoic acid ,ABTS ,Traditional medicine ,biology ,DPPH ,Flavonoid ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Rosa moschata ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Rutin ,chemistry ,Chlorogenic acid ,Quercetin ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
In the current research, we have investigated the antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory potentials of Rosa moschata Herrm. leaves and fruits methanolic extract (RmL.Ext and RmF.Ext) for the first time. To determine the rough estimate of phytochemical composition of extracts, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using standard methods. Moreover, the phenolic compounds present in the extracts were identified by HPLC-UV analysis. The cholinesterase activities were determined following the Ellman’s assay. The antioxidant activities of extracts were investigated using DPPH and ABTS assays. Significant anticholinesterase potentials were exhibited by RmL.Ext with IC50 of 40 and 110 µg/ml against AChE and BChE respectively. In addition, RmL.Ext also scavenged the DPPH (IC50 = 360 µg/ml) and ABTS (IC50 = 105 µg/ml) free radicals. Comparatively, the leaves extract was more potent than fruits extract. Malic acid, chlorogenic acid, quercetin, rutin, pyrogallol, mandelic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, and morin were identified as the possible potent antioxidants present in extract. Based on the current results of the study, it may be inferred that RmL.Ext and RmF.Ext of R. moschata are rich in bioactive compounds responsible for the free radicals scavenging and cholinesterases inhibition and this plant may be a valuable candidate for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, like Alzheimer’s disease. However, further investigation in terms of isolation of bioactive compounds and their screening of toxicological effects in animal models are needed to validate the observed results.
- Published
- 2020
36. Drought Tolerance Strategies in Plants: A Mechanistic Approach
- Author
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Ali Hazrat, Shah Fahad, Nadeem Khan, Muhammad Ilyas, Abid Ullah, Aamir Hamid Khan, Mohammad Nisar, Kashif Hayat, and Aziz Khan
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Jasmonic acid ,fungi ,Drought tolerance ,food and beverages ,Plant physiology ,Plant Science ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Auxin ,parasitic diseases ,Botany ,Gibberellin ,Proline ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Abscisic acid ,Salicylic acid ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Anthropogenic activities in the past and present eras have created global warming and consequently a storm of drought stress, affecting both plants and animals. Being sessile, plants are more vulnerable to drought stress and consequently reduce plant growth and yield. To mitigate the effects of drought stress on plants, it is very crucial to determine the plant response mechanisms against drought stress. Drought response mechanism includes morph-physiological, biochemical, cellular and molecular processes takes place in plants underlying drought stress. These processes include improvement in root system, leaf structure, osmotic adjustment, relative water content and stomata regulation. In addition, calcium and phytohormone (Abscisic acid, Jasmonic acid, Salicylic acid, Auxins, Gibberellins, Ethylene etc.) signaling pathways and scavenging of reactive oxygen species are the key mechanisms to cope with drought stress. Moreover, microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi also have an important role in drought tolerance enhancement. To further elucidate and improve drought tolerance in plants, quantitative trait loci, transgenic approach and application of exogenous substances (nitric oxide, 24-epibrassinoide, glycine betaine and proline) are very crucial. Hereby, the present study integrates various mechanisms of drought tolerance in plants.
- Published
- 2020
37. RYOPHYTES FLORA OF SHERINGAL VALLEY DIR UPPER KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN
- Author
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Mohammad Nisar, Khan Sher, Ali Hazrat, Abid Ullah, Tour Jan, and Qasir Ali
- Subjects
Geography ,Ecology ,Khyber pakhtunkhwa ,Taxonomy (biology) - Abstract
The study was conducted in the Sheringal Valley of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan, to investigate the Bryophytes species of the area. It is the first attempt to document the Bryophytes species in the selected area. A total of 27 moss species (20 genera, 14 families), 16 liverwort species in 13 genera, 8 families and two species of hornwort have been reported from sheringal valley. Sheringal valley has a more typical tropical bryoflora, fewer thallose liverworts and moss taxes are also found. A richer habitat variety including dry and wet habitats, as well as its bigger area, seem to account for the higher number of the bryophyte species in sheringal valley. Most bryophytes in sheringal valley are epiphyllous (30%), saxicolous (20%), Corticolous (40%) and terrestrial (10%).
- Published
- 2020
38. Identification and quantitative analyses of medicinal plants in Shahgram valley, district swat, Pakistan
- Author
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Syed Sajid Iqbal, Hanif Khan, Ahsan Sarwar, Mohammad Nisar, Yu Zhu, Syed Fazal Wadood, Ilyas Iqbal, Syed Irfanullah Shah, Umar Zeb, Mohy Ud Din, Muhammad Ihsan, Nazim Hassan, Faiz Ul Hassan, Iram Abdullah, Wang Jinlong, and Iqra Naeem
- Subjects
Plantago ,food.ingredient ,biology ,Corm ,Decoction ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,010501 environmental sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Rhizome ,Toxicology ,food ,Herb ,visual_art ,Shoot ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Bark ,Medicinal plants ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The traditional use of medicinal plants used by the inhabitants of Shahgram Valley, District Swat, Northern Pakistan. A total of 90 plant species from 53 families were studied through questionnaire, interviews and group discussions. However, the family Asteraceae (10%) was the most important and dominant family. Plant habit wise percentage was observed as (herb 65.55%), (shrubs 20%) and (trees 14.44%) and part used as whole plant (42.22%) fruit (15.55%), leaves (7.77%), bark (7.77%), seed (6.66%), root (6.66%), stem (3.33%), flower (3.33%), rhizome (2.22%), tuber (1.11%), shoot (1.11%), corms (1.11%) and bulb (1.11%). For the preparation of ethnomedicines, the locals use decoction (43.33%), crushed (40%), extract (11.11%), paste (4.44%) and original (1.11%). Out of 18 disease categories diuretic (16.05%) was observed as high. Route of ethnomedicines was observed high oral as (88.88%). The dose was observed as once a day (41.11%), twice (53.33%), (5.55%) thrice. Informant consensus factor (ICF) was observed high for a diuretic (0.94). Highest plant species use citation was observed for a diuretic (187) and lowest (3) for Stimulant. High FL value (100) was observed for A. bracteosa, while lowest (50.0) for M. cummunis. Among trees, M. azedarach got a first rank (22) followed by shrubs, B. lyceum (16) and herbs, A. plantago (13). The research was carried out to identify and document traditional uses of medicinal plants in the locality for new drug discovery. Medicinal flora was found towards extinction due to overgrazing and unwise utilization.
- Published
- 2020
39. Linking transformational leadership and continuous improvement
- Author
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Mohammad Nisar Khattak, Noor Muhammad, and Roxanne Zolin
- Subjects
Knowledge management ,Higher education ,Organizational identification ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Public sector ,Organization Relationship ,050401 social sciences methods ,General Business, Management and Accounting ,Structural equation modeling ,Test (assessment) ,0504 sociology ,Transformational leadership ,Social exchange theory ,0502 economics and business ,Psychology ,business ,050203 business & management - Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate employee trust in the leader as the underlying mechanism between transformational leadership and employees’ organizational identification and their continuous improvement efforts.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data were collected from 282 employees, working in 8 different private and public sector organizations from the banking, higher education, telecommunications and health sectors in Pakistan. Structural equation modeling was used to test the study hypotheses.FindingsThe results support the hypothesized relationships showing that trust in the leader partially mediates the relationship of transformational leadership with organizational identification and continuous improvement efforts.Research limitations/implicationsThis study relied upon cross-sectional data, which does not satisfy the conditions to establish causality.Practical implicationsThe results of this study will help organizations and practitioners to understand the importance of trust between transformational leaders and followers, which ultimately results in higher organizational identification and continuous improvement.Originality/valueUsing the broader framework of social exchange theory (Blau, 1964), this study contributes to the extant employee – organization relationship literature by proposing and testing trust in the leader as an underlying psychological mechanism that can explain the impact of transformational leadership on employees’ organizational identification and their continuous improvement efforts.
- Published
- 2020
40. Characterization of a novel cotton MYB gene, GhMYB108-like responsive to abiotic stresses
- Author
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Aamir Hamid Khan, Mohammad Nisar, Waqar Ali, Saeed Ahmed, Kashif Hayat, Aziz Khan, Gul Rahim, Xiyan Yang, Muhammad Tahir ul Qamar, Ali Hazrat, and Abid Ullah
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,biology ,Promoter ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Cell biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Open reading frame ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Complementary DNA ,Genetics ,Arabidopsis thaliana ,MYB ,Signal transduction ,Molecular Biology ,Transcription factor ,Gene - Abstract
Transcriptional factors are the major regulators of plant signaling pathways in response to environmental stresses i.e., drought, salinity and cold. Hereby, the GhMYB108-like was characterized to determine whether it regulate these stresses. The GhMYB108-like cDNA consisted of 1107 base pairs (bp) with 807 open reading frame encoded a protein of 268 amino acids. Its isoelectric point and molecular weight are 5.51 and 30.3 kDa respectively. Phylogenetic analysis and online databases revealed that GhMYB108-like proteins are closely related with the Arabidopsis thaliana MYB2. Important cis-elements were detected in the promotor region of GhMYB108-like responding to stresses and phytohormones. The 3D structure of GhMYB108-like protein has been predicted. In addition, various physico-chemical properties of GhMYB108-like have been determined. Subcellular localization confirmed that GhMYB108-like are nuclear localized protein. Quantitative expression analysis showed that polyethylene glycol and salt treatments significantly induced the expression of GhMYB108-like. Overall, our findings suggest that GhMYB108-like is an important gene that would plays important regulatory role in response to drought and salt stresses.
- Published
- 2020
41. Structural and optical properties of macroporous Ag@TiO2 thin films prepared by a facile one-step sol–gel method
- Author
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Shahid Khan, Mohammad Nisar, Mahmood ul Haq, Youduo Li, Gaorong Han, Yong Liu, Yecheng Ma, and Rashid Khan
- Subjects
Materials science ,Band gap ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,Molar absorptivity ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Biomaterials ,Absorbance ,Chemical engineering ,Polymerization ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Transmittance ,Thin film ,0210 nano-technology ,Visible spectrum ,Sol-gel - Abstract
A principle of obtaining macroporous Ag@TiO2 thin films by a template-free method in the frame work of sol–gel is developed. The macroporous structure is constructed by photo polymerization induced phase separation (PIPS) method, and the reduction of Ag+ to Ag0 is induced by ultraviolet irradiation at the same time. The achieved macroporous Ag@TiO2 films are well interconnected and crack free with an average pore size in the range 350–440 nm. Increasing Ag concentration results in the enhancement of extinction coefficient and reduction of refractive index, which are found to be consistent with absorbance and transmittance observations. In addition, Ag concentration causes red shift in absorbance which in turn decreases the band gap energy. These results may add important insight into developing high-performance materials for visible light activities.
- Published
- 2019
42. The influence of Muslim marriages on entrepreneurial intentions of women entrepreneurs
- Author
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Noor Muhammad, David Robinson, and Mohammad Nisar
- Subjects
05 social sciences ,Perspective (graphical) ,Theory of planned behavior ,Small sample ,Entrepreneurial process ,0502 economics and business ,Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous) ,050211 marketing ,Generalizability theory ,Sociology ,Women entrepreneurs ,Social psychology ,050203 business & management ,Qualitative research - Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of Muslim society marriages – forced, arranged or marriages of choice/love, on women entrepreneurial intentions (EI), with reference to Ajzen’s (2002) theory of planned behaviour. It is postulated that marriage type has a significant influence on women household dynamics towards EI and business growth. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative methodology was used and a total of 20 semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with Muslim married women entrepreneurs operating home-based and market-based small businesses. Findings The findings show that all these three types of married women entrepreneurs are active in the entrepreneurial process. However, the authors found different paradoxes in their EI and desire for business growth based on their marriage choices or marriage-related constraints that may have been imposed on them. Research limitations/implications Qualitative research on a small sample size certainly presents a limitation on the generalizability of this work, because it is difficult to capture data regarding this sensitive issue. Future research could also be carried out in other cultural and religious traditions. Social implications The paper provides good insights to understand the entrepreneurial journey of Muslim women entrepreneurs in the conservative society based on their marriages options. Originality/value The contribution of this research is twofold. First, the paper offers a theoretical perspective related to female EI and business growth based on religious marriages. Second, it applies Ajzen’s (2002) planned behaviour theory to establish how marriage constraints may influence women EI in the Muslim society.
- Published
- 2019
43. Assessment of phenotypic and storage protein diversity in exotic barley cultivated in District Dir (Pakistan)
- Author
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Mohammad Nisar, T. Naz, Moktar Hussain, Waqar Ali Khan, Murad Ali, and S. U. Zaman
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Genetic diversity ,Veterinary medicine ,Coefficient of variation ,General Medicine ,Quantitative trait locus ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Gene bank ,chemistry ,Germination ,hordeium vulgare ,genetic variability ,morphology ,polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ,Genetic variation ,Storage protein ,lcsh:Q ,Genetic variability ,lcsh:Science ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
A total of 198 exotic barley genotypes were collected from the Gene Bank of the Plant Genetic Resource Institute (PGRI), National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan, for the assessment of genetic diversity based on morphological and seed storage proteins. Qualitative and quantitative traits were noted as per IPGRI, 1994 descriptor. Among the quantitative parameters, a high level of genetic variability index was noted in seeds per spike at 79.9% of coefficient of variance followed by biomass per plant which shows 37.4% variance, while minimum variance in quantitative traits was noted in days to germination at 5.4% followed by days to maturity at 3.1% with average mean genetic variation in all quantitative traits at 97.6%. Assay of total seed protein in these exotic accessions was analogue through polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A high level of variation was noted in loci (bands) B26 (0.98%) followed by B25 (0.89%), B24 (0.78%),B23 (0.69%) and B01 (0.52%). A similarly low level of variation was detected in B03 (0.16%) followed by B06 (0.18%), B13 (0.19%), B12 (0.21%), B11 (0.23%), B05 (0.24%), B07 (0.25%), B21 (0.34%), B20 (0.35%), B17 (0.39%). The results indicate that the mean value of variation in these accessions is 97.6%. Further assessments and exploration were suggested for these genotypes in multi-climatic zones to satisfy farmers’ need, breeders’ interest and malt-industrial requirements.
- Published
- 2019
44. Deciphering Genotype×Environment Interaction by AMMI and GGE Biplot Analysis Among Elite Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes of Himalayan Region
- Author
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NAIK, Adil, WANI, Shabir Hussain, RAFIQEE, Sumira, SOFI, Mehrajuddin, SOFI, Najeebul Rehman, SHIKARI, Asif Bashir, HUSSAIN, Ashaq, MOHIDDIN, Fayaz, JEHANGIR, Intikhab Aalum, KHAN, Gazala Hassan, SOFI, Muneer Ahmed, SHEIKH, Farooq Ahmed, BHAT, Mohammad Ashraf, KHAN, Mohammad Nisar, DAR, Zahoor Ahmed, and RAHIMI, Mehdi
- Subjects
Agricultural, Engineering ,Mühendislik, Ziraat ,Wheat germplasm,biplot,wheat yield stability,principal component,wheat screening,Wheat germplasm,biplot,wheat yield stability,principal component,wheat screening - Abstract
To determine yield stability and the effects of the interaction between the genotype and the environment, 101 wheatgenotypes were assessed over 2 years (2018-2020). The experiments were performed at different diverse locations inKashmir traversing a significant altitudinal range viz. Khudwani (34.38°N of latitude and 77.0°E of longitude) and Wadura(34.52°N of latitude and 74.52°E of longitude) following recommended agronomical practices. Analysis of the main additiveeffect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) of the seed yield variance revealed a significant genotype, environmentaland genotype × environment interaction effect at p< 0.01% probability level. Three main principal components basedon AMMI explained most of the variation due to genotype × environment interaction at p
- Published
- 2021
45. Distribution of polyphenolic compounds, antioxidant potential, and free amino acids in
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Nisar, Uddin, Noor, Muhammad, Mohammad, Nisar, Aisha, Niaz, Ali, Riaz, Ullah, Essam A, Ali, Azhar Abbas, Khan, Inayat Ur, Rahman, Anwar, Khan, and Alam, Zeb
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- 2021
46. Genetic Diversity in Local and Exotic Avena sativa L. (Oat) Germplasm Using Multivariate Analysis
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Atif Ali Khan Khalil, Nausheen Nazir, Abdul Ghafoor, Muhammad Zahoor, Ahmed Khames, Mohammad Nisar, Abdul Bari Shah, Riaz Ullah, and Mohammad Ihsan
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Germplasm ,Genetic diversity ,PCA ,food.ingredient ,Avena sativa ,Dendrogram ,food and beverages ,Agriculture ,Biology ,Horticulture ,Avena ,food ,Fodder ,Genotype ,morphology ,Poaceae ,Cultivar ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,cluster analysis ,SDS-PAGE - Abstract
Avena sativa L., also known as Oat belongs to the Poaceae family, is one of the most significant crops that is grown for its seeds, fodder as well as for human consumption as oatmeal. In the current study, 236 genotypes of A. sativa were analysed for genetic diversity through agro-morphological and SDS-PAGE analysis. Cluster analysis based on agro-morphological characteristics grouped all the genotypes into nine clusters, whereas genotype numbers 537 and 728 were highly different from others. The seed yield production of cluster 9 genotypes was the highest per plant (38.2 ± 0.20 g), while cluster 2 genotypes produced maximum biomass per plant (122.5 ± 9.55 g) as compared to other clusters. In a principal component analysis where four variables were studied, and the observed total variations were 57.60%. Among the genotypes, a maximum grain yield of 38.2 g (each) was recorded for genotypes 22,350 and 728, followed by genotypes 737 and 22,390 (with 36.4 g and 35.6 g of seed productions, respectively). The SDS-PAGE analysis resulted in 13 bands and all the genotypes were grouped into seventeen clusters. At the extreme periphery of the dendrogram, genotype 537 and 22,332 were considered to be the most diverse genotypes. Our findings have implications for both understanding the diversity and relationships among these diverse genotypes of A. sativa and will provide a basis for obtaining the elite germplasm optimally adapted to local conditions. The selected genotypes based on agronomic performance may be potential breeding material to raise successful future cultivars.
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- 2021
47. Genomic constitution and relationships of
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Nisar, Uddin, Noor, Muhammad, Niaz, Ali, Mohammad, Nisar, and Mengjun, Liu
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Polyploidization has played a major role in plant evolution and can alter plant morphology, phenology, and ecology within only one or a few generations.
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- 2021
48. Antioxidants Isolated from Elaeagnus umbellata (Thunb.) Protect against Bacterial Infections and Diabetes in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Model
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Muhammad Zahoor, Riaz Ullah, Imran Khan, Nausheen Nazir, Mohammad Nisar, and Amal Alotaibi
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0301 basic medicine ,Antioxidant ,antioxidant enzyme ,Gram-negative bacterial strains ,DPPH ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Organic chemistry ,Morin ,Pharmacology ,Article ,Antioxidants ,Analytical Chemistry ,Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ,Lipid peroxidation ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,QD241-441 ,Gram-positive bacterial strains ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Animals ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,oxidative stress ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Flavonoids ,ABTS ,Elaeagnaceae ,Plants, Medicinal ,Plant Extracts ,Glutathione peroxidase ,Glutathione ,Bacterial Infections ,Malondialdehyde ,morin ,Rats ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,diabetes mellitus ,histopathology ,Molecular Medicine - Abstract
The increase in resistance of microbes against conventional drugs is currently a hot issue, whereas diabetes is another main cause of mortalities encountered throughout the world after cancer and heart attacks. New drug sources in the form of plants are investigated to get effective drugs for the mentioned diseases with minimum side effects. Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. is a medicinal plant used for the management of stress related disorders like diabetes and other health complications. The active constituents of the chloroform extract derived from E. umbellata berries was isolated by silica gel column chromatography which were identified as morin, phloroglucinol, and 1-hexyl benzene through various spectroscopic techniques (electron ionization mass spectrometry, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy). The possible protective effects (antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic activity) of isolated compounds were evaluated using reported methods. Morin exhibited strong in vitro antiradical potential against DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals along with prominent antibacterial activities against selected bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis). Among the isolated compounds the more potent one (morin) was assessed for its in vivo antidiabetic potential in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. The in vivo effects observed were further confirmed in ex vivo experiments where the effect of isolated compound on antioxidant enzyme like glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total content of reduced glutathione (GSH), % DPPH inhibition, and the lipid peroxidation MDA (Malondialdehyde) level in pancreatic tissues homogenates were evaluated. In vivo morin at tested doses (2, 10, 15, 30 and 50 mg/kg body weight) significantly restored the alterations in the levels of fasting blood glucose level and body weight loss along with significant decrease in levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, HbA1c level, and significantly increased the high-density lipoprotein in diabetic rats. Morin also effectively ameliorated the hepatic enzymes, and renal functions like serum creatinine. Morin significantly increased the antioxidant enzyme like GPx activity, GSH content, and % DPPH inhibition activity, while reduced the lipid peroxidation MDA (malondialdehyde) level in pancreatic tissues homogenates, and modification of histopathological changes in diabetic rats. Morin exhibited high antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic potentials as compared to phloroglucinol and 1-hexyl benzene, that could, therefore, be considered as a promising therapeutic agent to treat diabetes mellitus and bacterial infections.
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- 2021
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49. Evaluation of antinociceptive activity of Ilex dipyrena Wall. in mice
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Wasim Sajjad, Abdul Nasir, Amjad Ali, Muhammad Faheem, Syed Wadood Ali Shah, Mohammad Shoaib, Mohammad Nisar, Mi-Jeong Ahn, Nausheen Nazir, Atif Ali Khan Khalil, Syed Muhammad Mukarram Shah, Fazli Subhan, and Saeed Ahmad
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Narcotic Antagonists ,Analgesic ,Pain ,(+)-Naloxone ,Pharmacology ,Ilex ,Mouse models ,Bicuculline ,030226 pharmacology & pharmacy ,03 medical and health sciences ,Acetic acid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Other systems of medicine ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ilex dipyrena ,medicine ,Toxicity Tests, Acute ,Animals ,GABA-A Receptor Antagonists ,Hot plate test ,Analgesic effect ,Opioidergic ,Analgesics ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,Chemistry ,Naloxone ,Plant Extracts ,Nociception ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Mechanism of action ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Models, Animal ,GABAergic ,medicine.symptom ,RZ201-999 ,medicine.drug ,Research Article - Abstract
Background In order to find a new natural resource for pain-relief, the analgesic effects of Ilex dipyrena crude extract, fractions, and subfractions were evaluated in in-vivo mouse models with possible mechanism of action. Methods Analgesic effects of crude extract (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight), fractions and subfractions (75 mg/kg body weight) were screened using heat-induced (tail-immersion and hot plate test) and chemical-induced (formalin and acetic acid) nociception models in mice. The samples were also tested for the elucidation of a possible mechanism through opioidergic and GABAergic systems. Results The administration of crude extract, fractions and subfractions produced analgesic responses in acetic acid, formalin, tail immersion, and hot plate model for pain similar to those obtained with the standard. Naloxone antagonized the antinociceptive effects of the tested samples, whereas bicuculline showed partial inhibition. Considering the analgesic response, crude extract, fractions, and subfractions demonstrated promising inhibitory activity against all test models for pain, which was further supported by the possible involvement of opioidergic and GABAergic systems. Conclusion The results suggest that this plant may be useful in the development of new analgesic drugs. Further research with regard to the isolation of bioactive compounds is required to verify these findings.
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- 2021
50. Amelioration of Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in Experimental Mice Using the Medicinal Plant Salvia moorcroftiana
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Fazal Wahid, Tour Jan, Fakhria A. Al-Joufi, Syed Wadood Ali Shah, Mohammad Nisar, and Muhammad Zahoor
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Salvia moorcroftiana ,enzyme inhibition ,antiamnesic activity ,discrimination index ,mice ,General Neuroscience - Abstract
Salvia moorcroftiana is medicinally used in various parts of the world to treat a number of diseases. In the literature, the antiamnesic activity of this plant has not yet been reported. Therefore, the current study was aimed at evaluating the in vivo antiamnesic (scopolamine-induced) potential of Salvia moorcroftiana. The major phytochemical groups such as total phenolic (TPC), total tannin (TTC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) in methanolic extract (SlMo-Crd) and subsequent fractions of Salvia moorcroftiana were quantified using standard methods. The in vitro anticholinesterase (against butyryl cholinesterase; BChE and acetylcholinesterase; AChE) and antioxidant (against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; DPPH and 2,2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid); ABTS free radicals) potentials of crude (SIMO-Crd) extract and fractions (hexane; SlMo-Hex, chloroform; SlMo-Chl, ethyl acetate; SlMo-Et) were also determined. The SlMo-Crd at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight compared to fractions of 75 and 150 mg/kg body weight (which were 1/10th of the highest dose tested in acute toxicity tests) were evaluated for their memory enhancement and learning behavior in normal and scopolamine-induced mental dysfunction in mice using behavioral memory tests such as the Y-maze test and novel object recognition test (NORT). Moreover, the samples were further evaluated for acetylcholine contents and biochemical markers such as MDA (malondialdehyde), SOD (superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase), and GSH (glutathione peroxidase) levels. The maximum TPC with a value of 114.81 ± 1.15 mg GAE/g, TTC with a value of 106.79 ± 1.07 mg GAE/g, and TFC with a value of 194.29 ± 0.83 mg RE/g were recorded for the SlMo-Chl fraction. Against the DPPH free radical, the methanolic extract exhibited an IC50 value of 95.29 ± 1.06 µg/mL whereas, among the fractions, the best activity was observed for the SlMo-Chl fraction with an IC50 of 75.02 ± 0.91 µg/mL, followed by SlMoS-Et with an IC50 value of 88.71 ± 0.87 µg/mL. Among the extracts, the SlMo-Chl and SlMo-Et fractions inverted the amnesic effects of scopolamine in mice effectively. Additionally, the SlMo-Chl and SIMO-Et fractions considerably enhanced the percent spontaneous alteration performance in the Y-maze test with values of 65.18 ± 2.61/69.51 ± 2.71 and 54.92 ± 2.49/60.41 ± 2.69, respectively, for the tested doses. The discrimination index (DI) in experimental mice was considerably enhanced by the SlMo-Chl in the NORT with values of 59.81 ± 1.21/61.22 ± 1.31% DI correspondingly for the tested doses, as mentioned above, followed by the SlMo-Et extract. The selected plant in the form of extracts ameliorated the effects of amnesia in mice and could, therefore, be used as a therapy for amnesia; however, this is subject to further exploration in other animal models and the isolation of the responsible compounds.
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- 2022
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