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La transición de la secundaria a la universidad, los bachilleres son afectados por el desconocimiento de la carrera, el nuevo sistema de estudio, que termina en la deserción estudiantil; las universidades realizan acciones, como bienvenida, charlas de orientación, asesoría durante el primer año de estudios. El objetivo fue determinar inducción académica de bachilleres como estrategia para la transición a la universidad, en el periodo 2010-2021. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de tipo descriptiva, utilizando palabras clave de tesauro de la Unesco de documentos bibliográficos de varias Bases de datos: Cochrane, CINALHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, ENFISPO, Scopus, LILACS. Se seleccionaron 62 artículos de inducción académica y solo 9 estaban relacionados con la inducción del bachiller al ingreso a la carrera universitaria. Se concluye que la inducción académica de bachilleres fue una estrategia de transición en las universidades, porque permitió conocer a personas y no comenzar solo su primer día de clase.

The SARS-COV-2 pandemic has raised many questions about the behavior of chronic diseases. Although it is known that patients with significant comorbidities have a higher risk of complications, the behavior of diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine is not known. In this article, a literature review was carried out on the main theoretical aspects to understand the possible interactions between SARS-COV-2 infection and patients with respiratory pathology such as COPD. The main aspects of viral infections and their pathophysiology in the exacerbation of the disease, their inflammatory mechanisms, and the conditions that can increase the risk of infection and severity during the COVID-19 pandemic were reviewed. In addition, aspects related to quarantine and its possible influence on the exacerbation of the disease were explored. Finally, the economic aspects related to the exacerbation and its management associated with the pandemic were explored. La pandemia por SARS-COV-2 ha generado muchos interrogantes sobre el comportamiento de enfermedades crónicas. Si bien se conoce que los pacientes con comorbilidades importantes tienen un mayor riesgo de complicaciones, no se conoce el comportamiento de enfermedades, como la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC), en el período de pandemia y cuarentena por covid-19. En este artículo, se realizó una revisión de la literatura sobre los principales aspectos teóricos para entender las posibles interacciones entre la infección por SARS-COV-2 y pacientes con patología respiratoria como la EPOC. Se revisaron los principales aspectos de las infecciones virales y su fisiopatología en la exacerbación de la enfermedad, sus mecanismos inflamatorios, y las condiciones que pueden aumentar el riesgo de infección y gravedad durante la pandemia por covid-19. Además, se exploraron los aspectos relacionados a la cuarentena y su posible influencia sobre la exacerbación de la enfermedad. Finalmente, se exploraron los aspectos económicos relacionados con la exacerbación y su manejo asociado a la pandemia. A pandemia de SARS-COV-2 tem gerado muitos questionamentos sobre o comportamento das doenças crônicas. Embora se saiba que pacientes com comorbidades significativas apresentam risco aumentado de complicações, o comportamento de doenças como a doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) não é conhecido. No período de pandemia e quarentena por COVID-19. Neste artigo, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura sobre os principais aspectos teóricos para compreender as possíveis interações entre a infecção por SARS-COV-2 e pacientes com patologia respiratória, como DPOC. Foram revisados os principais aspectos das infecções virais e sua fisiopatologia na exacerbação da doença, seus mecanismos inflamatórios e as condições que podem aumentar o risco de infecção e gravidade durante a pandemia COVID-19. Além disso, foram explorados aspectos relacionados à quarentena e sua possível influência na exacerbação da doença. Por fim, foram explorados os aspectos econômicos relacionados à exacerbação e sua gestão associada à pandemia.

The Remance gold mine, in Veraguas, Panama, has been widely affected by mining activity, whose last exploitation period was between 1989 and 1999, by the company Minera Remance S.A. Previous studies have reported that stream sediments are severely polluted; terrace sediments represented a serious ecological risk and stream sediments a high ecological risk represented by the presence of high concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs. In addition, the study also showed that soil health, evaluated through the DHA (dehydrogenase activity) factor, is more affected in the terrace sediments and stream sediments than in the soils. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment was exceeded for children into a recreational setting in areas of major mining activity; for adults, the carcinogenic risk is also exceeded mainly by the ingestion route. The area is inhabited by peasants, who carry out their daily activities, such as recreation and subsistence agriculture, reason why it is necessary to carry out bioaccessibility studies on these materials to properly assess the real risks for this population.The objective of this study has been to determine the oral bioaccessibility of PTEs in terrace sediments and stream sediments to evaluate the health risks that these materials represent in case of accidental ingestion in a recreational setting. The following PTEs were analysed: were determined in the pseudo-total fraction by ICP-OES: Cu, As, Zn, Sb and Ba. The oral bioaccessibility test was performed by the UBM method and the concentrations of the PTEs in the gastric and gastrointestinal phase were determined by ICP-OES. The percentage of bioaccessibility (% BAF) for the PTEs, and the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks by ingestion in all fractions were evaluated for children and adults in a recreational setting.The results show that terrace sediments have higher total concentration of PTEs than stream sediments, while the oral bioaccessibility is higher in stream sediments than in terrace sediments and is higher in the gastric phase than in the gastrointestinal phase. The order of oral bioavailability was as follows: Cu>Zn>Ba>As>Sb.As for the non-carcinogenic risk by ingestion, the maximum permissible limit (HI=1) is exceeded for the sum of the studied PTEs in the pseudo-total fraction of stream sediments and terrace sediments in a recreational setting for children, but not in the gastric and gastrointestinal fractions. The maximum permissible limit for carcinogenic risk (1x10-5) is exceeded by As for adults and children in all stream and terrace sediments in the pseudototal fraction, and for children in the gastro and gastrointestinal fraction in the stream sediments of “El Toro” stream and terrace sediments of “Veneno” stream below one of the mine tailings accumulations. Therefore, recreational activity in these streams is not recommended.Keywords: bioaccesibility, potentially toxic elements, ingestion, stream sediments, terrace sediments, gold mine, Panama

Mining affects the environment, particularly through the persistence of accumulation of tailings materials; this is aggravated under tropical climatic conditions, which favours the release of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) bioavailable to the local flora and fauna and supposing a risk to human health. The Remance gold mine (Panamá), exploited intermittently for more than 100 years, and has remained derelict for over 20 years. Within the area live farmers who carry out subsistence agriculture and livestock activities. The objective of this study has been to study the transference of PTEs in the local agricultural soil-plants system, with the goal of identifying their bioavailability to perform a human risk assessment. The results obtained of the Bioaccumulation coefficient in local plants show very weak to strong absorption of As (−1) and plants (16.9 mg kg−1) the concentrations exceed the maximum authorised value in animal nutrition for ruminants (10 mg kg−1). The risk to human health for edible plants exceeds the non-carcinogenic risk for rice, corn, cassava, and tea leaves for Sb (HQ 19.450, 18.304, 6.075, 1.830, respectively), the carcinogenic risk for Cu (CR = 2.3 × 10–3, 7.7 × 10 −4, 1.1 × 10–3, 1.0 × 10–3, respectively), and the carcinogenic risk for As in rice, corn and tea leaves (CR = 8 × 10–5, 3 × 10–5, 3 × 10–5, respectively). Urgent measures are needed to alleviate these effects.

Spirometry is a test for the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It is a technique that can be intolerant due to the essential use of a mouthpiece and a clamp. This study proposes the use of electrical impedance tomography to measure respiratory parameters. Patients underwent spirometry and three respiratory exercises. The impedance signals were convolved, and the resultant was analyzed by fast Fourier transform. The frequency spectrum was divided into seven segments (R1 to R7). Each segment was represented in terms of quartiles (Q25%, Q50%, Q75%). Each quartile of each segment was correlated with the spirometric parameters to obtain a fitting equation. FVC was correlated 70% with the 3 quartiles of R7, 3 equations were obtained with a fit of 60%. FEV1 correlated 70% with the Q50% of R7, obtaining an equation with a fit of 40%. FEV1/FVC correlated 69% with Q75% of R2, obtaining an equation with a fit of 60%. Spirometric parameters can be estimated from the implied carrier frequency components of the ventilatory impedance signal.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted millions of lives globally. While COVID-19 did not discriminate against developed or developing nations, it has been a significant challenge for third world countries like Honduras to have widespread availability of advanced therapies. The concept of early treatment was almost unheard of when early outpatient treatments utilizing repurposed drugs in Latin American countries began showing promising results. One such drug is fluvoxamine, which has shown tremendous potential in two major studies. As a direct result, fluvoxamine was added to the standard of care in a major medical center outpatient COVID-19 clinic.Methods: This is a prospective observational study performed at the Hospital Centro Médico Sampedrano (CEMESA) in San Pedro Sula, Cortes, Honduras in the COVID-19 outpatient clinic. All patients were at least 15 years of age who had presented with mild or moderate signs and symptoms of COVID-19, and who also had a documented positive SARS-CoV-2 antigen or Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) were included in the study. These patients then were all prescribed fluvoxamine. The cohort of patients who decided to take fluvoxamine were compared for primary endpoints of mortality and hospitalization risk to the cohort who did not take fluvoxamine. Patients were then monitored for 30 days with the first follow up at 7 days and the second follow up at 10–14 days of symptom onset. Categorical variables were compared by Pearson Chi-square test. The Relative risk was calculated using regression models. Continuous variables were compared by t-test and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests.Results: Out of total 657 COVID-19 cases, 594 patients took fluvoxamine and 63 did not take fluvoxamine. A total of five patients (0.76 percent) died, with only one death occurring in the fluvoxamine group. Patients who received fluvoxamine had a significantly lower relative risk of mortality (RR 0.06, p 0.011, 95% CI 0.007–0.516). There was a lower relative risk of hospitalization in the patients who in the fluvoxamine group. (−10 vs. 30 hospitalizations, RR 0.49, p = 0.035, 95% CI 0.26–0.95). There was 73 percent reduction in relative risk of requiring oxygen in the fluvoxamine group (RR 0.27, p < 0.001, 95% CI 0.14–0.54 Mean lymphocytes count on the first follow-up visit was significantly higher in the fluvoxamine group (1.72 vs. 1.38, Δ 0.33, p 0.007, CI 0.09–0.58).Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that fluvoxamine lowers the relative risk of death, hospitalization, and oxygen requirement in COVID 19 patients.

Promover el crecimiento economico sostenido, inclusivo y sostenible, el empleo pleno y productivo y el trabajo decente para todos esla finalidad que tiene el Objetivo 8 para la agenda mundial 2030 (ONU,2015). Por lo que los esfuerzos y propuestas que se hagan para que las empresas tengan exito son de gran valor. Hoy en día independientemente de la naturaleza, tamano y características de las empresas, todas requieren de la adopcion de procesos de planeacion estrategica que les permitan competir con eficiencia y eficacia, y tratandose de las microempresas estas no son la excepcion. Diferentes estudios senalan que la falta de conocimientos sobre planeacion estrategica, representa un obstaculo serio para muchos duenos de microempresas, al mismo tiempo, investigaciones recientes revelan que la planeacion estrategica en las microempresas es mas informal que en las grandes. El presente documento muestra los resultados obtenidos en la investigacion realizada a un grupo de microempresarios delsector de servicios en el Municipio de San Francisco de Campeche, Campeche, mismo querevela, la ausencia de la aplicacion de una metodología de planeacion estrategica, aplicable por los microempresarios, ocasionado por el desconocimiento de la existencia de modelos que permitan llevar a cabo dicho proceso de planeacion. El objetivo del presente trabajo, es conocer si los empresarios conocen y aplican procesos de planeacion estrategica en sus negocios y al mismo tiempo proporcionar un marco de referencia desde la perspectiva de cuatro modelos de planeacion estrategica. Con este estudio se pretende aportar conocimiento tecnico que sirva de referencia a los empresarios al momento de llevar a cabo procesos de planeacion estrategica en sus microempresas. &nbsp

This current work shows the experience that was gotten in the education from a point of view in gender quality about the developing of the Certification Program in Computer working skills, according to the syllabus called Innovacion del ModeloEducativoInstitucional, IMEI (in English, Innovation of Institutional Educative Model) that is taught it in Universidad Autonoma de Campeche. Those skills are considered as basic skills for taking resolutions in responsible, knowledgeable and autonomous ways, which are based on respect and dignity of the human beings. All of them, because of expecting to value the plurality of identities and the living ways for the exercising of the responsible and tolerant citizenship to prevent the violence. This is a description research that expects to determine the context and educational factors, which works in the acquisition of those technological skills. The final results show the students are achiving successfully with that action program, encouraging the gender quality, developing, progress and comfort of the educative community and the society. &nbsp

BackgroundCOVID-19 pandemic has impacted lives globally. While COVID-19 did not discriminate against developed or developing nations, it has been a significant challenge for third world countries like Honduras to have widespread availability of advanced therapies. The concept of early treatment was almost unheard-of when early outpatient treatment with repurposed drugs in Latin American countries showed promising results. One such drug is fluvoxamine, that has shown tremendous potential in two major studies, following which fluvoxamine was added to the standard of care in Honduras.MethodsThis is a prospective observational study performed at the Hospital Centro Médico Sanpedrano (CEMESA) in San Pedro Sula, Cortes, Honduras in the COVID-19 outpatient clinic. All patients fifteen years of age or older, with mild or moderate signs and symptoms of COVID-19, and a positive SARS-CoV-2 antigen or Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) were included in the study and prescribed fluvoxamine. Cohort of patients who decided to take fluvoxamine were compared to the cohort who did not take fluvoxamine for mortality risk and risk of hospitalization as primary endpoints. Patient were monitored for 30 days with first follow up at 7 days and second follow up at 10-14 days of symptom onset. Categorical variables were compared by Pearson Chi-square test. The Odds ratio was calculated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Continuous variables were compared by t-test and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests.ResultsOf 657 total COVID-19 cases, 594 patients took fluvoxamine and 63 did not. A total of five patients (0.76 percent) died, of which only one death occurred in the fluvoxamine group. Patients who did not receive fluvoxamine had a significantly higher mortality (OR 24, p0.005, CI 2.6 to 233.5). Odds ratio of hospitalization in patients who did not take fluvoxamine was 2.38 (30 vs 10 hospitalizations, p 0.040, CI 1.04-5.47). The odds ratio of requiring oxygen in patients in the non-fluvoxamine group was 5.08 (pConclusionThe results of our study suggest lowers odds of mortality and hospitalization in patients who took fluvoxamine vs fluvoxamine non-takers. Non-fluvoxamine group had higher odds of oxygen requirement than fluvoxamine group as well.

In 40–50% of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases, K-Ras gene mutations occur, which induce the expression of the K-Ras4B oncogenic isoform. K-Ras4B is transported by phosphodiesterase-6δ (PDE6δ) to the plasma membrane, where the K-Ras4B–PDE6δ complex dissociates and K-Ras4B, coupled to the plasma membrane, activates signaling pathways that favor cancer aggressiveness. Thus, the inhibition of the K-Ras4B–PDE6δ dissociation using specific small molecules could be a new strategy for the treatment of patients with CRC. This research aimed to perform a preclinical proof-of-concept and a therapeutic potential evaluation of the synthetic I-C19 and 131I-C19 compounds as inhibitors of the K-Ras4B–PDE6δ dissociation. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed to estimate the binding affinity and the anchorage sites of I-C19 in K-Ras4B–PDE6δ. K-Ras4B signaling pathways were assessed in HCT116, LoVo and SW620 colorectal cancer cells after I-C19 treatment. Two murine colorectal cancer models were used to evaluate the I-C19 therapeutic effect. The in vivo biokinetic profiles of I-C19 and 131I-C19 and the tumor radiation dose were also estimated. The K-Ras4B–PDE6δ stabilizer, 131I-C19, was highly selective and demonstrated a cytotoxic effect ten times greater than unlabeled I-C19. I-C19 prevented K-Ras4B activation and decreased its dependent signaling pathways. The in vivo administration of I-C19 (30 mg/kg) greatly reduced tumor growth in colorectal cancer. The biokinetic profile showed renal and hepatobiliary elimination, and the highest radiation absorbed dose was delivered to the tumor (52 Gy/74 MBq). The data support the idea that 131I-C19 is a novel K-Ras4B/PDE6δ stabilizer with two functionalities: as a K-Ras4B signaling inhibitor and as a compound with radiotherapeutic activity against colorectal tumors.

The security of passwords depends on a thorough understanding of the strategies used by attackers. Unfortunately, real-world adversaries use pragmatic guessing tactics like dictionary attacks, which are difficult to simulate in password security research. Dictionary attacks must be carefully configured and modified to represent an actual threat. This approach, however, needs domain-specific knowledge and expertise that are difficult to duplicate. This paper reviews various deep learning-based password guessing approaches that do not require domain knowledge or assumptions about users' password structures and combinations. It also introduces GNPassGAN, a password guessing tool built on generative adversarial networks for trawling offline attacks. In comparison to the state-of-the-art PassGAN model, GNPassGAN is capable of guessing 88.03\% more passwords and generating 31.69\% fewer duplicates., 9 pages, 8 tables, 3 figures

The evolution of the writing skill is closely linked to ICT, increasing the need to make its teaching a meaningful experience in the digital age. The aim of this study was to analyze students’ experiences in a writing task developed on Edublogs to identify elements of task design contributing to a meaningful experience online. The participants were 27 English Teaching students in a first-year composition course at the University of Costa Rica during the first semester of 2021. The study followed a Classroom Action Research design. The students wrote five blog entries. However, only the last entry, a reflection, was analyzed for the study. An open coding method was implemented, through which four categories that impact instructional design of writing tasks were identified: personal connection, engagement, ICT, and applicability. The study concludes with a series of recommendations that can positively impact students’ performance in writing courses supported by ICT.

Detrusor pressure-volume relationship evaluation by urodynamics provides useful clinical information; however, it is invasive, and requires specific installations. An alternative technique proposed by our research group is the electrical bioimpedance (BI) which is an easily performed and non-invasive method. In this work, we assess the relationship between BI and detrusor bladder pressure in adults with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction.A prospective observational study was conducted. 20 patients (11 females and 9 male) previously diagnosed with neurogenic bladder were included. All participants underwent simultaneously a urodynamic evaluation (UDS) and BI determination, and both examination signals were recorded and subjected to Shapiro-Wilks statistical test. A correlational statistical test was used to compare the pressure parameters (detrusor, vesical and abdominal) with their respective BI determinations. Subsequently, a linear regression test was performed to evaluate the concordance between BI and their respective pressure values.From the 20 correlations, between detrusor bladder pressure (PDET) and abdominal bioimpedance determinations (ZABD), obtained for all participants, 16 evidenced significant results over 90% (p 0.05).A significantly high correlation between abdominal bioimpedance determinations and the detrusor bladder pressures was evidenced. These results should be confirmed in a larger group of participants.

RESUMEN Las especies autóctonas que habitan las cuencas hídricas del Paraguay se reproducen en medios acuáticos controlados a través de la inducción hormonal, la cual se realiza en laboratorios con diferentes técnicas y protocolos. Hasta el presente se ha utilizado la técnica de extrusión para el desove y producción de alevines en los centros de cría de las especies de importancia económica. El presente trabajo consistió en la implementación del sistema automatizado de desove y fertilización utilizando al pacú (Piaractus mesopotamicus) en etapa de maduración en estanques. El objetivo fue evaluar el sistema con dicha especie a través del desove, fertilización y horas grado. El mismo consistió en 3 unidades conectadas mediante tuberías; de modo que los huevos fertilizados sean transportados automáticamente desde el estanque de desove a la red de incubación, y las larvas eclosionadas se transportan desde la red de incubación al estanque de cría (creado por Fu- Guang Liu en Taiwán), en el trabajo se utilizaron progenitores de pacú; 51 hembras (3,2 kg - 3,7 kg) y 122 machos (2,6 Kg -2,7 kg). El desove osciló entre el 96% y el 100%, siendo la fertilización de entre el 61% al 76.6%, y las horas grado fueron de 174 a 270. La presente investigación demostró que el sistema automatizado de desove y fertilización puede ser utilizado en la obtención de alevines de pacú criados en cautiverio , existiendo suficientes evidencias de que la utilización del sistema beneficia la sobrevivencia y la reutilización de las matrices generándose mejores resultados. ABSTRACT The native species that inhabit the watersheds of Paraguay reproduce in controlled aquatic environments through hormonal induction, which is carried out in laboratories with different techniques and protocols. Until now, the extrusion technique has been used for the spawning and production of fingerlings in the breeding centers of species of economic importance. The present work consisted in the implementation of the automated spawning and fertilization system using the pacú (Piaractus mesopotamicus) in the maturation stage in ponds. The objective was to evaluate the system with this species through spawning, fertilization and degree hours. It consisted of 3 units connected by pipes; so that the fertilized eggs are automatically transported from the spawning pond to the incubation net, and the hatched larvae are transported from the incubation net to the rearing pond (established by Fu- Guang Liu in Taiwan), in the work wast used pacu parents; 51 females (3.2 kg - 3.7 kg) and 122 males (2.6 kg -2.7 kg). Spawning ranged between 96% and 100%, fertilization being between 61% and 76.6%, and degree hours were from 174 to 270. This research showed that the automated spawning and fertilization system can be used to obtain pacu fingerlings raised in captivity, there being sufficient evidence that the use of the system benefits the survival and reuse of the broodstock, generating better results.

The supply of water to populations is a basic need that has been threatened more frequently in recent years due to climate change, which renders seeking other sources of water essential. The hydrochemistry of the groundwater of the aquifer located in the UTP Tocumen was characterized by previous research to determine its possible use as a source of drinking water and irrigation water. The objective of this study is to characterize the soil and rock hosting the aquifer to acquire more information about them with a view to possibly exploit an alternative source of drinking water. To this end, a 10-m-depth survey was conducted to obtain soil and rock samples from the area, and to characterize geotechnical and geochemical parameters. 2D electrical resistivity tomography was used to create a lithological model of the aquifer and to correlate the data. Soil is residual of the technosol type, considered permeable with a transmissivity level that favors rainwater infiltration, followed by the soil–rock interface, where rock is weathered. It´s followed by a sedimentary rock corresponding to marly siltstones with a certain degree of tectonic fractures that allow water infiltration and its accumulation in the rocks, constituting the aquifer. The 2D electrical resistivity suggests two water accumulations: a superficial and a deep one. There was a good correlation between the aquifer water’s chemistry and the rock geochemistry., El abastecimiento de agua a las poblaciones es una necesidad básica que se ha visto amenazada con mayor frecuencia en los últimos años debido al cambio climático, lo que hace imprescindible buscar otras fuentes de agua. Se caracterizó la hidroquímica del agua subterránea del acuífero ubicado en la UTP Tocumen mediante investigaciones previas para determinar su posible aprovechamiento como fuente de agua potable y agua de riego. El objetivo de este estudio es caracterizar el suelo y la roca que alberga el acuífero para adquirir más información sobre ellos con miras a la posibilidad de explotar una fuente alternativa de agua potable. Para ello, se realizó un sondeo de 10 m de profundidad para obtener muestras de suelos y rocas de la zona, y caracterizar parámetros geotécnicos y geoquímicos. Se utilizó tomografía de resistividad eléctrica 2D para crear un modelo litológico del acuífero y correlacionar los datos. El suelo es residual del tipo tecnosol, considerado permeable con un nivel de transmisividad que favorece la infiltración del agua de lluvia, seguido de la interfase suelo-roca, donde la roca se meteoriza. Le sigue una roca sedimentaria correspondiente a limolitas margosas con cierto grado de fracturas tectónicas que permiten la infiltración del agua y su acumulación en las rocas, constituyendo el acuífero. La resistividad eléctrica 2D sugiere dos acumulaciones de agua: una superficial y otra profunda. Hubo una buena correlación entre la química del agua del acuífero y la geoquímica de la roca. Le sigue una roca sedimentaria correspondiente a limolitas margosas con cierto grado de fracturas tectónicas que permiten la infiltración del agua y su acumulación en las rocas, constituyendo el acuífero. La resistividad eléctrica 2D sugiere dos acumulaciones de agua: una superficial y otra profunda. Hubo una buena correlación entre la química del agua del acuífero y la geoquímica de la roca. Le sigue una roca sedimentaria correspondiente a limolitas margosas con cierto grado de fracturas tectónicas que permiten la infiltración del agua y su acumulación en las rocas, constituyendo el acuífero. La resistividad eléctrica 2D sugiere dos acumulaciones de agua: una superficial y otra profunda. Hubo una buena correlación entre la química del agua del acuífero y la geoquímica de la roca.

No hay resúmenes disponibles. Investigaciones UCA, Año. 1, Vol. 1, 2019-2020: 380-383.

Epigenetic mechanisms such as histone acetylation and deacetylation participate in regulation of the genes involved in encystation of Entamoeba invadens. However, the histones and target residues involved, and whether the acetylation and deacetylation of the histones leads to the regulation of gene expression associated with the encystation of this parasite, remain unknown. In this study, we found that E. invadens histone H4 is acetylated in both stages of the parasite and is more highly acetylated during the trophozoite stage than in the cyst. Histone hyperacetylation induced by Trichostatin A negatively affects the encystation of E. invadens, and this inhibition is associated with the downregulation of the expression of genes implicated in the synthesis of chitin, polyamines, gamma-aminobutyric acid pathways and cyst wall proteins, all of which are important in the formation of cysts. Finally, in silico analysis and activity assays suggest that a class I histone deacetylase (EiHDAC3) could be involved in control of the expression of a subset of genes that are important in several pathways during encystation. Therefore, the identification of enzymes that acetylate and/or deacetylate histones that control encystation in E. invadens could be a promising therapeutic target for preventing transmission of other amoebic parasites such as E. histolytica, the causative agent of amoebiasis in humans.

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una serie de reflexiones sobre algunas de las condiciones que hacen posible la experiencia escolar, entendiendo la Escuela como una cuestión de interés público donde se media la relación entre las nuevas generaciones y el mundo, producto de siglos de experiencias culturales. Para ello, se revisaron tres textos relevantes: La crisis en la educación, de Hannah Arendt, Pedagogía: el deber de resistirde Philippe Meirieu y En defensa de la escuela. Una cuestión pública, de Maarten Simons y Jan Masschelein. Aprovechando la contingencia sanitaria producto de la pandemia asociada al Covid-19, es un momento oportuno para retomar algunas preguntas fundamentales sobre aquello que da sentido a esta institución que llamamos Escuela.

This article describes the design, development and implementation of a set of microservices based on an architecture that enables detection and assisted clinical diagnosis within the field of infectious diseases of elderly patients, via a telemonitoring system. The proposed system is designed to continuously update a medical database fed with vital signs from biosensor kits applied by nurses to elderly people on a daily basis. The database is hosted in the cloud and is managed by a flexible microservices software architecture. The computational paradigms of the edge and the cloud were used in the implementation of a hybrid cloud architecture in order to support versatile high-performance applications under the microservices pattern for the pre-diagnosis of infectious diseases in elderly patients. The results of an analysis of the usability of the equipment, the performance of the architecture and the service concept show that the proposed e-health system is feasible and innovative. The system components are also selected to give a cost-effective implementation for people living in disadvantaged areas. The proposed e-health system is also suitable for distributed computing, big data and NoSQL structures, thus allowing the immediate application of machine learning and AI algorithms to discover knowledge patterns from the overall population., European Commission

The Remance gold mine, in Veraguas (central Panama), had its last mining operation in 1999, using the cyanidation process for Au separation. As a result of this activity, three waste tailings were exposed to the weather, in addition to mine dumps and the open pit mining areas. Currently the area is inhabited by peasants who develop subsistence agriculture and livestock. Therefore, the objective of this study has been to evaluate the environmental and human health risks that this area represents. The total concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) such as As, Cu, Zn, Ba, Sb and Hg were determined in mining process areas, surrounding soils and edible and inedible plants in the area; in addition to the cyanide species and the enzymatic activity by dehydrogenase (DHA) in soils. The accumulated contamination index (PLI) and potential ecological risk (RI) were calculated, the carcinogenic (CR) and non-carcinogenic (HQ) risk to human health represented by soils and edible plants was estimated.Regarding the degree of contamination, it is observed that the contamination is considerable in the tailings and the sediments of the pithead, and it spreads to the surroundings mainly in the sediments of the streams and their terraces, and, to a lesser degree, to the soils around it, showing that the main route of dissemination is through runoff; the same trend is followed by the potential ecological risk, being extreme in the sediments of the pithead, serious in the tailings and terrace sediments, high in the stream sediments and medium in the surrounding soils. The enzymatic activity by DHA tells us that the health of the surrounding soils is better than that of the stream sediments and terrace sediments, but less than in other sites affected by mining activity in Spain. Cyanide species are linked to DHA and this in turn is favoured by organic matter (OM). On the other hand, it was observed that cyanide elutes from the tailing’s piles in a complex cyanide way, favouring the transport of PTEs associated with it to the stream sediments.Regarding the risks to human health in soils, As and Cu concentrations exceed the limits for non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk in both children and adults, with the residential scenario being the worst scenario, and for adults also the agricultural scenario. In edible plants such as rice, corn, cassava and tea leaves, Sb exceeds the limit for non-carcinogenic risk, and Cu and As for carcinogenic risk. Due to the potential ecological and human health risks that the area represents, actions must be taken to reduce them.Keywords: potentially toxic elements (PTEs), gold mine, risk assessment, edible plants, human health.

Honeywords are fictitious passwords inserted into databases in order to identify password breaches. The major difficulty is how to produce honeywords that are difficult to distinguish from real passwords. Although the generation of honeywords has been widely investigated in the past, the majority of existing research assumes attackers have no knowledge of the users. These honeyword generating techniques (HGTs) may utterly fail if attackers exploit users' personally identifiable information (PII) and the real passwords include users' PII. In this paper, we propose to build a more secure and trustworthy authentication system that employs off-the-shelf pre-trained language models which require no further training on real passwords to produce honeywords while retaining the PII of the associated real password, therefore significantly raising the bar for attackers. We conducted a pilot experiment in which individuals are asked to distinguish between authentic passwords and honeywords when the username is provided for GPT-3 and a tweaking technique. Results show that it is extremely difficult to distinguish the real passwords from the artifical ones for both techniques. We speculate that a larger sample size could reveal a significant difference between the two HGT techniques, favouring our proposed approach., Comment: 8 pages, 7 tables, 2 figures

Calloplax vivipara (Plate, 1899) se registra formalmente por primera vez en el litoral sur peruano. Cuatro ejemplares fueron encontrados en el intermareal pedregoso debajo de bloques de piedras en Islay, Arequipa, en diciembre de 2013 y octubre de 2019. Una hembra de 9.2 mm de longitud del cuerpo colectada en la primavera del 2013 presentó seis juveniles en la parte externa de la zona de inserción de los ctenidios en el surco paleal, constituyendo el primer caso de un quitón incubador en Perú.

Text-based secrets are still the most commonly used authentication mechanism in information systems. IT managers must strike a balance between security and memorability while developing password policies. Initially introduced as more secure authentication keys that people could recall, passphrases are passwords consisting of multiple words. However, when left to the choice of users, they tend to choose predictable natural language patterns in passphrases, resulting in vulnerability to guessing attacks. System-assigned authentication keys can be guaranteed to be secure, but this comes at a cost to memorability. In this study we investigate the memorability of system-assigned passphrases from a familiar vocabulary to the user. The passphrases are generated with the Generative Pre-trained Transformer 2 (GPT-2) model trained on the familiar vocabulary and are readable, pronounceable, sentence like passphrases resembling natural English sentences. Through an online user study with 500 participants on Amazon Mechanical Turk, we test our hypothesis - following a spaced repetition schedule, passphrases as natural English sentences, based on familiar vocabulary are easier to recall than passphrases composed of random common words. As a proof-of-concept, we tested the idea with Amazon Mechanical Turk participants by assigning them GPT-2 generated passphrases based on stories they were familiar with. Contrary to expectations, following a spaced repetition schedule, passphrases as natural English sentences, based on familiar vocabulary performed similarly to system-assigned passphrases based on random common words., 12 pages, 4 figures

JCR Web of Science; Year: 2020 in Categories: Public, Environmental & Occupational Health: Q1, Current Impact Factor: 3.390, 5-year Impact Factor: 3.789., Background: treating infectious diseases in elderly individuals is difficult; patient referral to emergency services often occurs, since the elderly tend to arrive at consultations with advanced, serious symptoms. Aim: it was hypothesized that anticipating an infectious disease diagnosis by a few days could significantly improve a patient?s well-being and reduce the burden on emergency health system services. Methods: vital signs from residents were taken daily and transferred to a database in the cloud. Classifiers were used to recognize patterns in the spatial domain process of the collected data. Doctors reported their diagnoses when any disease presented. A flexible microservice architecture provided access and functionality to the system. Results: combining two different domains, health and technology, is not easy, but the results are encouraging. The classifiers reported good results; the system has been well accepted by medical personnel and is proving to be cost-effective and a good solution to service disadvantaged areas. In this context, this research found the importance of certain clinical variables in the identification of infectious diseases. Conclusions: this work explores how to apply mobile communications, cloud services, and machine learning technology, in order to provide efficient tools for medical staff in nursing homes. The scalable architecture can be extended to big data applications that may extract valuable knowledge patterns for medical research., European Commission

The derelict Remance gold mine is a possible source of pollution with potentially toxic elements (PTEs). In the study area, diverse mine waste has been left behind and exposed to weather conditions, and poses risks for soil, plants and water bodies, and also for the health of local inhabitants. This study sought to perform an ecological and health risk assessment of derelict gold mining areas with incomplete remediation, including: (i) characterizing the geochemical distribution of PTEs, (ii) assessing ecological risk by estimating the pollution load index (PLI) and potential ecological risk index (RI), (iii) assessing soil health by dehydrogenase activity, and iv) establishing non-carcinogenic (HI) and carcinogenic risks (CR) for local inhabitants. Soil health seems to depend on not only PTE concentrations, but also on organic matter (OM). Both indexes (PLI and RI) ranged from high to extreme near mining and waste accumulation sites. As indicated by both the HI and CR results, the mining area poses a health risk for local inhabitants and particularly for children. For this reason, it will be necessary to set up environmental management programs in the areas that are most affected (tailings and surrounding areas) and accordingly establish the best remediation strategies to minimize risks for the local population.

Las herramientas de Infraestructura como código (IaC) permiten automatizar las tareas realizadas por los departamentos de IT de forma rápida y dinámica mediante el uso de lenguajes de programación de scripts, que permiten administrar, crear, manipular y distribuir múltiples recursos informáticos a gran escala dentro de una infraestructura de Cloud Computing. Las herramientas de Infraestructura como código Ansible, Terrafom, Chef, Puppet generan una representación virtual de toda la infraestructura física y escalable de una plataforma Cloud Computing y de Centro de Datos, facilitando que esta sea programable y dinámica.

Forecasting the energy consumption of heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems is important for the energy efficiency and sustainability of buildings. In fact, conventional models present limitations in these systems due to their complexity and unpredictability. To overcome this, the long short-term memory-based model is employed in this work. Our objective is to develop and evaluate a model to forecast the daily energy consumption of heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems in buildings. For this purpose, we apply a comprehensive methodology that allows us to obtain a robust, generalizable, and reliable model by tuning different parameters. The results show that the proposed model achieves a significant improvement in the coefficient of variation of root mean square error of 9.5% compared to that proposed by international agencies. We conclude that these results provide an encouraging outlook for its implementation as an intelligent service for decision making, capable of overcoming the problems of other noise-sensitive models affected by data variations and disturbances without the need for expert knowledge in the domain.

Traffic forecasting at appropriate times is vital for a variety of urban traffic control applications. There are a plethora of factors that can severely affect the performance of such forecasting models, especially those unpredictable events that cannot be learned through previous time steps in the model. One of the important factors that can change the traffic flow pattern abruptly, is accident occurrence. This issue affects more when the severity of the accident is high which would lead to a complete anomaly behavior in the traffic flow pattern. In this paper, we detected the approximate time that the accidents happen through anomaly detection around the accident record and then pulled out the ones that change the traffic pattern suddenly. To predict the traffic flow after a severe accident, we propose a hybrid CNN-LSTM model that takes spatio-temporal matrices as discrete time sequences for each accident. Furthermore, we leverage distances between neighboring nodes and accident location, coupled with static features that are pertained to the accidents. Moreover, we evaluate our model on PeMs dataset which is enhanced with the static features of the accidents from Moosavi’s accident data set [1] [2]. Despite recent trials that are not able to forecast the results when an anomaly event happens, our results demonstrate that our proposed model can learn traffic patterns after the accidents and predict the traffic flow more accurately compared to current models.

Agents are endowed with time, which in turn is invested in projects that generate profit. A mechanism divides the profit generated by these agents depending on the allocation of time as well as the amount of profit made by every project. We study mechanisms that incentivize agents to contribute their time to a level that results in the maximal aggregate profit at the Nash equilibrium, regardless of the production functions involved (efficiency). Our main finding involves the characterization of all mechanisms that satisfy efficiency. Furthermore, within this class, we characterize the mechanisms that are monotone on the addition of time to agents as well as those monotone on the payoffs of the agents with respect to technological improvements in the generation of profit. The class of efficient mechanisms depends on the type of available projects and their connectedness. It expands earlier profit-sharing mechanisms that are independent of profit generation.

While stress has been implicated in functional dyspepsia (FD), the mechanisms by which stress results in symptoms are not well defined. The aim of the current study was to assess gastric myoelectric and autonomic changes in response to a physical stressor in youth with FD. In a group of healthy controls and pediatric FD subjects, we recorded ECG and EGG signals 30 min before and 60 min after, a cold pressor task (CPT). Gastric EGG and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters were calculated in pre- and post-CPT stages and in short intervals. The pre-CPT percent tachygastria was higher in FD subjects as compared to controls. However, CPT did not induce any EGG changes in either controls or FD subjects and the two groups did not differ from each other post-CPT. The CPT resulted in an increase in HRV and standard deviation of NN intervals in controls; there was no change in any HRV parameter in FD subjects. Acute physical stress does not appear to induce gastric electrical abnormalities in youth with FD. Youth with FD appear to lack the normal flexible autonomic response to a physical stressor.

Obesity and periodontitis are among the most common non-communicable diseases, and epidemiological studies report the influence of obesity in the onset and progression of periodontitis. Data indicate that increased body mass index, waist circumference, percentage of subcutaneous body fat, and serum lipid levels are associated with increased risk to develop periodontitis. The underlying biological mechanisms of this association involve adipose tissue-derived cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, which affect whole-body metabolism and contribute to the development of a low-grade systemic inflammation. Multiple studies report a positive association between these two diseases across diverse populations. Obesity does not appear to impair the success of periodontal therapy. However, currently available evidence is variable and therefore inconclusive. Despite the limited evidence about recommendations on treatment planning, oral healthcare professionals need to be aware of the complexity of obesity to counsel their patients about the importance of maintaining healthy body weight and performing good oral hygiene procedures.

How users perceive password memorability is not well understood, despite passwords being studied thoroughly. We investigate the relationship between users’ perceptions of the memorability of a number of passwords and the users’ electroencephalogram (EEG) data collected using brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). In this study, we asked 75 participants to rank the comparative memorability of 15 blocks of 5 passwords each, while collecting their EEG data. Passwords had the same length but differed in characteristics and strength. We were able to find a consistency between how users perceive password memorability, the EEG signals elicited by the least and most memorable passwords from a list, and the actual measured strength of these passwords. Our results suggest that EEG signals could fill the gap in the absence of information about how users rank passwords, or password strength, with an 82% accuracy.