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A rede aeroportuária brasileira passou por alterações significativas a partir de 2000. Houve mudanças na estrutura de propriedade, gestão e operação, destacando-se o processo de concessões aeroportuárias. A rede possui uma estrutura flexível e sujeita à interferência de fatores externos. A importância e centralidade dos aeroportos sofreram variações no período 2000-2020. O estudo aplica o indicador de confiabilidade, analisando os impactos da pandemia Covid-19. O indicador tem como base a centralidade dos aeroportos e permite classificar os mesmos em relação à continuidade operacional (contextos crítico, preocupante e adequado). Os resultados confirmam o indicador como ferramenta que permite uma análise preliminar de redes aeroportuárias, no segmento doméstico regular.

The purpose of the research is to explain the influence of the use of Free Software Geogebra on the learning achievement of the mathematics course in the students at the Educational Institution Gabino Uribe Antúnez "GUA"-UGEL-AIJA. The research is cross-sectional experimental type, quantitative method and pre-experimental design. Two instruments were applied: an entrance exam and an exit exam, to a population sample of 19 students of 4th grade of secondary school of the I.E. Gabino Uribe Antúnez “GUA”-UGEL-AIJA. An analysis of the results was carried out, after having used the Free Software Geogebra to the single study group (fourth year of high school, experimental group). applying inductive, deductive and analysis methods, as well as observation techniques with their respective instrument. From the results obtained in the statistical treatment through descriptive and inferential statistics, concluding that there is a significant influence on the learning achievement of the mathematics course in the students at the educational Institution Gabino Uribe Antúnez "GUA"-UGEL-AIJA.

Este artículo da a conocer una investigación acerca de la percepción del gobierno electrónico como instrumento de gestión por parte de los exportadores de mezcal en Oaxaca (México). Se efectuó una investigación cualitativa de tipo exploratorio y transeccional. Para obtener la información se utilizó una entrevista semiestructurada, mediante un muestreo por conveniencia. Se encontró una percepción positiva del gobierno electrónico como instrumento para mejorar los procesos de exportación. Sin embargo, los exportadores perciben muy básicos y deficientes los servicios, lo que se aúna a la falta de conocimientos para el uso de estos. También se encontró que el gobierno electrónico como herramienta para fomentar la digitalización de diversos sectores económicos —como, en este caso, la gestión en los procesos de exportación de mezcal— será clave para el desarrollo, en particular cuando se diseñe a partir de las necesidades reales de los exportadores y se acompañe con capacitación al usuario. Se concluye que no se están aprovechando todos los beneficios del gobierno electrónico, lo cual ocasiona una pérdida de eficiencia y eficacia en la gestión de la exportación.

Drill-hole spacing analysis (DHSA) and optimization are becoming commonplace for uncertainty assessment and management in the mining industry. However, there is no standardized DHSA workflow, and the outputs of certain methodologies are not interchangeable. We group available simulation-based DHSA methods according to their accounted uncertainty into (i) raw uncertainty, assessed by drawing realizations from synthetic data-sets with the drilling spacings to be tested; and (ii) model uncertainty, in which these synthetic data-sets are used to assess the variation between the estimated model and the (unknown) actual value. DHSA workflows available in the literature ignore the differences between both types of uncertainty. Commonly, the DHSA algorithm is chosen without a detailed analysis of its uncertainty output, which may lead to misleading results and suboptimal decisions. While available solutions are based only on assessing raw or model uncertainty, the proposed approach simultaneously analyses both and their relationship for models at different stages of the mine. The integrated analysis results deliver more information to support decision-making than available methods. Principles, practical considerations, and discussions of the advantages of the proposed integrated analysis are presented. The approach is applied to a real gold deposit to illustrate its use.

Background Malaria remains one of the most serious public health problems in sub-Saharan Africa and Mozambique is the world's fourth largest contributor, with 4.7% of disease cases and 3.6% of total deaths due to malaria. Its control relies on the fight against the vector and treatment of confirmed cases with anti-malarial drugs. Molecular surveillance is an important tool for monitoring the spread of anti-malarial drug resistance. Methods A cross-sectional study recruited 450 participants with malaria infection detected by Rapid Diagnostic Tests, from three different study sites (Niassa, Manica and Maputo) between April and August 2021. Correspondent blood samples were collected on filter paper (Whatman® FTA® cards), parasite DNA extracted and pfk13 gene sequenced using Sanger method. SIFT software (Sorting Intolerant From Tolerant) was used, predict whether an amino acid substitution affects protein function. Results No pfkelch13-mediated artemisinin resistance gene mutation was detected in this study settings. However, non-synonymous mutations were detected at prevalence of 10.2%, 6% and 5% in Niassa, Manica and Maputo, respectively. Most (56.3%) of the reported non-synonymous mutations were due to substitution at the first base of the codon, 25% at the second base and 18.8% at the third base. Additionally, 50% of non-synonymous mutations showed a SIFTscore bellow cut off value of 0.05, therefore, they were predicted to be deleterious. Conclusion These results do not show an emergence of artemisinin resistance cases in Mozambique. However, the increased number of novel non-synonymous mutations highlights the relevance of increasing the number of studies focused on the molecular surveillance of artemisinin resistance markers, for its early detection.

Background: Vascular calcification is an ever-more-common finding in protocoled pre-transplant imaging in living kidney donors. We intended to explore whether a connection could be found between the Agatston calcification score, prior to kidney donation, and post-donation renal function. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 156 living kidney donors who underwent living donor nephrectomy between January 2010 and December 2016. We quantified the total calcification score (TCaScore) by calculating the Agatston score for each vessel, abdominal aorta, common iliac, and renal arteries. Donors were placed into two different groups based on their TCaScore: 100, lower 1-year eGFR, and decreased renal function in 5 years. However, a higher-than-expected vascular calcification should not be an excluding factor in donors, although they may require closer monitoring during follow-up.

This article details the creation of a novel domain ontology at the intersection of epidemiology, medicine, statistics, and computer science. Using the terminology defined by current legislation, the article outlines a systematic approach to handling hospital data anonymously in preparation for its use in Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in healthcare. The development process consisted of 7 pragmatic steps, including defining scope, selecting knowledge, reviewing important terms, constructing classes that describe designs used in epidemiological studies, machine learning paradigms, types of data and attributes, risks that anonymized data may be exposed to, privacy attacks, techniques to mitigate re-identification, privacy models, and metrics for measuring the effects of anonymization. The article concludes by demonstrating the practical implementation of this ontology in hospital settings for the development and validation of AI.

The endangered continental Black-tailed Godwit ( Limosa limosa limosa) is a migratory ground-nesting wader breeding in a wide variety of open, wet habitats across Europe. Conservation research has concentrated on the causes of population decline, but we know surprisingly little about whether any resources limit local breeding populations and if so, whether these are resources for the adults or the chicks. We collected data from 63 key breeding sites in five countries across Europe to test whether, after correcting for differences in surveyed areas, the size of Godwit breeding populations was related to environmental variables (vegetation biomass, soil moisture) or food resources for adult birds (soil invertebrates) or chicks (vegetation dwelling arthropods) measured during different times of the reproductive cycle. We found the number of Godwit territories to be positively related to arthropod abundance during the chick-hatching period. We found additional, weaker support for a positive relation between Godwit territory numbers and the abundance of soil-dwelling invertebrates (mostly earthworms) at clutch laying, but not at chick-hatching. These relationships were observed across countries, while we found little support for relationships within countries, possibly due to the smaller range in conditions that exist within countries. Both vegetation growth and soil moisture weren’t related to Godwit territory numbers. Our results suggest that food abundance for chicks, and to a lesser extent adult birds, are key factors determining the size of local Godwit breeding populations. Conservation management aiming to enhance local Godwit populations should therefore consider the impacts of management strategies on the arthropod prey of chicks.

Objective Research on gender dysphoria (GD) has been growing over the last decades with increasing interest in understanding and characterizing the causal relationships between psychological, genetics, hormonal, and sociocultural factors. Changes and acceptance of this condition as non-pathologic have led to significant changes in general perspective and its management over time. Our objective is to carry out a bibliometric analysis to know the publication trends and quality of evidence related to gender dysphoria. Methods A systematic search and critical review of the literature was carried out between January 1900 and December 2018 to perform a bibliometric analysis. Research was done in the following databases: OVID, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. The medical subject headings (MeSh) terms used were: gender dysphoria; and surgery and psychology. The results were plotted using the VOSviewer version 1.6.8. Statistical analyses were performed with the IBM SPSS, Version 25.0. Results A total of 1,239 manuscripts were identified, out of which 1,041 were selected. The average number of cited times per year per manuscript is 1.84 (interquartile range [IQR] 0-2.33). The average impact index was 47.8 (IQR 20-111.6). The median of total citations per manuscript was 3 (IQR 0-33.1), and the highest number of citations per manuscript was 484. Most publications focus on the psychological aspects of GD, and there is a significant amount of manuscripts related to social and anthropological issues. Most articles have a low level of scientific evidence. Conclusion There is a great amount of published literature on GD; however, there is a significant level of disagreement in many respects on this topic. Regarding surgical gender-affirmation, there is a lack of information supported by high level of evidence to uphold the emerging expansion of medical practices.

In 2001, Finish investigators described a rare familiar syndrome characterized by an inherited susceptibility to cutaneous leiomyomas, uterine leiomyomas, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) is now linked to a germline mutation in the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene that encodes a Krebs cycle enzyme, transforming fumarate to malate. The accumulation of fumarate, an oncometabolite, promotes tumorigenesis. We present a case of a 41-year-old female diagnosed with HLRCC after a radical nephrectomy due to renal cell cancer. Genetic analyses confirmed a novel FH mutation. Close follow-up allowed for a precocious diagnosis of a metachronous renal tumor and later a hepatic metastasis. Her family was also counseled and offered genetic testing. As observed in this case, the diagnosis of HLRCC is of paramount importance for patients and their families: there is a 15% cumulative lifetime risk of developing RCC, which frequently occurs in young patients and metastasizes at an early stage. Implementing a regular follow-up with adequate imaging examinations may help save lives.

Introduction: Kidney transplantation requires immunosuppression, traditionally regarded as a risk factor for progression in all malignancies. Based on the Cincinnati Registry, a waiting period before transplantation is therefore mandatory. However, recent evidence suggests this increased risk is restricted to particular tumors, whereas others like renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are not negatively affected. We aimed to compare oncological outcomes of RCC in native kidneys of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, according to their transplantation or dialysis status. Material and methods: Retrospective analysis of all ESRD patients diagnosed with RCC between 2010 and 2020 in our center. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated with Kaplan-Meier curves. Multivariable Cox regression model was used to evaluate their association with kidney transplantation. Results: Clinical and pathological characteristics were similar between groups. Kidney transplant recipients had similar risk of recurrence (hazard ratio [HR] 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI) 0.04-4.46, p = 0.458) and overall survival (HR 0.34, 95%CI 0.07-1.77, p = 0.202) as dialyzed patients. On multivariable Cox regression model, presence or absence of transplantation was not significantly associated with RFS (p = 0.479) or OS (p = 0.236). Time on dialysis was the only independent predictor of worse survival (HR 1.86, 95%CI 1.18-2.93, p = 0.008). Conclusions: Most RCC in native kidneys of ESRD patients are low-grade, low-stage and exhibit favourable pathological and outcome features. Immunosuppression does not seem to have an impact on oncological outcomes, but an increased time on dialysis seems to be associated with worse overall survival. Therefore, waiting time for transplantation for these tumors could be reduced.

As recomendações para o treinamento resistido partem de diretrizes como o ACSM e NSCA para as populações em geral, sendo encorajado a sua prática, a qual leva a benefícios à saúde física e mental. Nessa revisão narrativa, foi analisada a literatura atual sobre as variáveis do treinamento resistido (TR) e sua relação com a hipertrofia muscular, primeiramente, abordando os resultados acerca de cada variável de maneira isolada, posteriormente discutindo os resultados com revisões sistemáticas sobre cada variável isoladamente, e por último, chegando a um consenso do papel de cada variável como um conjunto, e seu impacto na hipertrofia muscular. Em nossos achados encontramos uma relação do volume com a hipertrofia, a frequência como ferramenta para distribuição do volume, um amplo espectro de intensidades que resultam em resultados equivalentes, a ordem e seleção dos exercícios como recurso para hipertrofia localizada, ações excêntricas superiores a ações concêntricas, intervalos como uma maneira de aumentar o volume, e a amplitude de movimento permanece necessitando de mais estudos para relacionar seu papel com a hipertrofia muscular.

Samples used in the mining industry are affected by sampling and analytical errors. An approach called filtered kriging with parametric error (FKPE) is proposed. FKPE is defined by the spatial continuity model of the underlying process of interest and the error associated with any number of subgroups of samples with similar behaviour. The proposed method overcomes the limitations of available methods as it deals with correlated grades, non-stationary errors, and errors correlated among samples. FKPE is mathematically compared to different methods and then illustrated in a synthetic example. Results show that FKPE is more general than available techniques and leads to the same results as standardized co-kriging in the known sampling error. FKPE does not require defining a linear model of co-regionalization.

Com a fundição da indústria com a arte no século XIX, surge o ferro fundido como processo crescente na construção e ornamentação das cidades. Este processo de industrialização foi determinante na difusão de características-tipo, suporte para a transformação da cidade com novas linguagens, formas e escalas. O objetivo deste estudo é construir uma síntese desenhada que caracterize o ferro como linguagem arquitetónica e urbana na cidade de Lisboa. O estudo pretende constituir-se como uma ferramenta gráfica representativa da aplicação deste material no tecido construído, definido por elementos de linguagem arquitetónica e elementos de linguagem de espaço público. Os elementos identificados procuram traduzir a diversidade, composição e repetição de situações presentes no universo de estudo, caracterizados textual e graficamente de forma comparável com desenhos síntese em escalas idênticas. With the merging of industry and art in the 19th century, cast iron emerges as a growing process in the construction and ornamentation of cities. This industrialization process was decisive in the diffusion of type characteristics, influencing the transformation of the city with new languages, shapes and scales. This study aims to build a drawn synthesis that characterizes iron as an architectural and urban language in the city of Lisbon. The study intends to constitute itself as a graphic tool representative of this material application in the built urban fabric, defined by elements of architectural language and stylistic elements of the public space. The identified elements seek to translate the diversity, composition and repetition of situations present in the universe of study, characterized textually and graphically in a comparable way with synthesis drawings on identical scales.

Priapism is an urologic emergency defined as an erection that persists for more than 4 hours and is unrelated or lasts beyond sexual stimulation. Ischemic priapism, caused by prolonged venous occlusion within the corporal bodies, works as a compartment syndrome that requires prompt resolution in order to preserve erectile function. We present two cases of ischemic priapism refractory to conventional treatment that were treated with the help of vascular surgeons. In both cases a sapheno-cavernous shunt was effective in achieving detumescence and erectile function recovery. Despite rarely described in literature, this can be a safe and effective technique in the treatment of ischemic priapism., Portuguese Journal of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Vol. 29 No. 4 (2022): Oct - Dec

Revisão Sistemática da Literatura para identificar os indicadores preditivos do autocuidado e os métodos de avaliação da capacidade de autocuidado pelo Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação

The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-mortem characteristics of lambs fed diets containing alternative foods. Twenty lambs, castrated Dorper x Santa Inês males, aged approximately 90 days and with mean weight of 20 kg were used. Experimental diets were composed of ground corn, soybean meal, mineral supplement, urea and Tifton-85 hay (forage). In addition to these ingredients, cottonseed, sunflower meal and castor bean cake were used as alternative foods in the proportions of 10, 8 and 8% of %DM, respectively. The experiment lasted 106 days, with 14 days for adaptation and 92 days for evaluation and data collection. At the end of the confinement period, the lambs were slaughtered, and the carcasses kept under cooling for a period of 24 hours. The measurements of pH, carcass temperature (internal and external) were measured in the Longissimus lumborum muscle, as well as the temperature and relative humidity of the cold chamber were measured. Muscle pH was altered as a function of diet and reached a value of 5.78 (lower pH) when lambs received the diet with castor bean cake. The internal carcass temperature was higher in the lambs that received the diet containing cottonseed (19.98°C), sunflower meal (19.71°C) and castor bean cake (19.87°C). The alternative foods can be used as ingredients in the formulation of diets for Dorper x Santa Inês lamb, for promoting the proper development of the post-mortem process, characteristic of good quality sheep meat.

Objectives The purpose of the present study was two-fold: (1) To analyse physical fitness changes of youth football players after a full-season; and (2) to examine whether physical fitness changes are explainable by estimated maturity status, 2digit:4digit ratio (2D:4D) from each hand and training load (TL) measures. Methods Twenty-seven youth elite Under-15 football players were daily monitored for training load measures during 38 weeks. At the beginning and at the end of the season, all players were assessed for physical fitness. Also, the maturity status estimation and the length of the second and fourth digits of both hands were collected at the beginning of the season. Results Significant differences were found for all physical fitness measures after the season. The second and fourth digits of left and right hands had negative moderate correlations with change of direction (COD) changes (r=-.39 to − 0.45 | p = .05 to 0.02). Also, the maturity offset measure had negative moderate correlations with COD changes (r=-.40 | p = .04). From the reported significant correlations, the maturity offset, Left 4D, Right 2D and Right 4D significantly predicted the Mod.505 COD test changes (β = 0.41, p = .04; β = -0.41, p = .04; β = -0.45, p = .02; and β = -0.44, p = .03, respectively). Conclusion The maturity offset and the 2D:4D measures have the potential to predict COD performance changes over-time in youth football players. Given the lack of associations between the maturity estimation, 2D:4D and training load measures, with the overall physical fitness measures, coaches should rely only at COD changes.

Malaria is one of the most life-threatening infectious diseases worldwide, claiming half a million lives yearly. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is crucial for disease control and elimination. Currently used diagnostic methods require blood sampling and fail to detect low-level infections. At the symptomatic stage of infection, the parasites feed on red blood cells' (RBCs) hemoglobin, forming inert crystals, the hemozoin, in the process. Thus, along with parasite maturation inside the RBCs, the hemoglobin and hemozoin proportion is inversely related, and they generate specific optical spectra, according to their concentration. Herein, to address the issues of finger prick sampling and the lack of sensitivity of the parasitological test, we explored the optical features of

Xylella fastidiosais a gram-negative phytopathogenic bacterium that caused a significant economic impact around the world. In the last decade, genome-scale metabolic models have become important systems biology tools for studying the metabolic behaviour of different pathogens and driving the discovery of novel drug targets. This work is a second iteration of the iMS508 model forX. fastidiosasubsp.paucaDe Donno. The model comprises 1138 reactions, 1234 metabolites, and 509 genes.in silicovalidation of the metabolic model was achieved through the comparison of simulations with available experimental data. Aerobic metabolism was simulated properly and fastidian gum production rates predicted accurately.

The present proposal is about the reuse of the built heritage, considering in this embryonic phase the old convents in Lisbon, with the aim of understanding their resilience to be reuse as collective houses. The study is part of a scientific project about the built heritage reuse, particularly focused on the ability of this specific type of buildings to be adapted into new ways of housing, in an inclusive and social way, for example as “nests of [social] houses”. The intention is to make use of the unoccupied urban built heritage as a response to the lack of social housing in the particular context of Lisbon. Methodologically, the study seeks to establish a reconstructive and morphological analysis of old convents, documenting its successive composition stages until our days, especially its resilience to the introduction of a new houses. The study aspires to conceived an instrument that elects the existing city as a historical and model reference to professionals and academics. A systemic inventory of the built heritage on adaptive reuse, hopping to result in a useful tool first for understanding the different existent (re)uses, as well as for the conception of new housing programs.

A skin autograft is described as the transfer of skin without the aid of a blood supply from the donor location to the recipient site. The epidermis and portions of the underlying dermis from the donor location are transferred using split-thickness skin grafts (STSGs). The whole layer of skin is harvested for full-thickness skin grafts (FTSGs) and used as the transplant. The installation methods and usage of STSGs are discussed above. Graft movement, which impedes neovascularization and promotes fluid accumulation under the transplant, which can result in infection and inadequate revascularization, is the key factor in skin graft failure.

In order to improve the multifunctionality of polymer composites for advanced applications a novel tri-composite material is presented based on the inclusion of MFI zeolite and the ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate ([BMIM][SCN]) in an electroactive poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) polymer matrix. Tri-composites were produced by solvent casting with a relative overall filler content up to 40 wt.%. A compact film morphology is obtained, and the polymer degradation temperature and degree of crystallinity are independent on the filler content and type. On the other hand, the polymer crystalline phase depends on the presence of the IL but is independent of its content. Regarding the mechanical properties, it is observed that the IL has a plasticizing effect with a significant contribution to the reduction of the Young's modulus from 151 MPa for the pristine polymer to 92 MPa for the 30 wt.%/10 wt.% IL/MFI content sample. A high ionic conductivity value at room temperature of 3.9 × 10−5 S.cm−1 was obtained for the tri-composite with the highest IL content (30 wt.%/10 wt.% IL/MFI). The tri-composite system was studied as solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) for battery and bending actuator applications, demonstrating the multifunctionality of the material. The sample with the best cycling performance was observed for the highest MFI content (10 wt.%/30 wt.% IL/MFI) with a discharge capacity value of 110 mAh.g−1 and maintaining almost 80% of its initial capacity after 30 cycles at the C/10 rate. Regarding to the bending performance, the best bending actuation was detected for highest IL content (30 wt.%/10 wt.% IL/MFI), related to the ionic conductivity of the sample. Thus, it is demonstrated that the new tri-composite system, due to its tunable characteristics as a function of the relative IL and zeolite contents, is suitable for a next generation of multifunctional polymer composite materials for advanced applications., The authors thank FCT (Fundaçã para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) for financial support under the framework of Strategic Funding grants UIDB/04650/2020, UID/FIS/04650/2021, UID/EEA/04436/2021 and UID/QUI/0686/2021; and support from FEDER funds through the COMPETE 2020 Programme (projects PTDC/FIS-MAC/28157/2017 and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007688) and MIT-EXPL/TDI/0033/2021, POCI01-0247-FEDER-046985. Grants SFRH/BD/140842/2018 (J.C.B.), 2021.07361.BD (R.S.P.), and SFRH/BPD/121526/2016 (D.M.C) and contracts under the Stimulus of Scientific Employment, Individual Support CEECIND/00833/2017 (R.G.) and 2020.04028 CEECIND (C.M. C.) are acknowledged. Financial support from the Basque Government under the ELKARTEK program is also acknowledged.

Complaint management is a problem faced by many organizations that is both vital to customer satisfaction and retention, while being highly dependent on human resources. This work attempts to tackle a part of the problem, by classifying summaries of complaints using machine learning models in order to better redirect these to the appropriate responders. To solve the aforementioned problem text mining, and more specifically natural language processing, were used alongside machine learning algorithms for automatic classification. The main challenge of this task is related with the diverse set of characteristics real world datasets have, in this case being small and highly imbalanced. This can have a big impact on the performance of the classification models. The dataset analyzed in this work suffers from both of these problems, being relatively small and having labels in different proportions the three most common labels account for around 95% the dataset. In this work, two different techniques are analyzed: multistage classification with for classifying the more common labels first and the remaining on a second step; and, generating new artificial examples for some classes via translation into other languages. The classification models explored were the following: k-NN, SVM, Naïve Bayes, boosting, and Deep Learning approaches, including transformers. Although, in general using summaries leads to better results, we also experimented with the full documents. Using the models trained with the summarized documents the classification of the full documents. Even though the results were not on par with the summarized dataset the experimented presented good results for signaling the most common label of the documents. We conclude that although, as expected, the classes with little representation are hard to classify, the techniques explored helped to boost the performance, especially in the classes with a low number of elements. SVM and Transformer-based models outperformed their peers. A classificação de texto é uma área de estudo em aberto, dependendo do problema dos dados disponíveis e estudo em questão, o melhor método nem sempre é mesmo. Dentro da área da inteligência artificial No caso das empresas a classificação de queixas (como neste trabalho) ou mesmo de incidentes é uma tarefa que ainda requer muito trabalho manual. Neste trabalho vai ser abordada a classificação automática de queixas recebidas por uma instituição pública. No processo de tratamento das queixas a classificação é parte do grande panorama e a sua automatização permite acelerar muito os processos manuais que são actualmente usados. Neste contexto, foram trabalhados os sumários das queixas e as técnicas usadas para aplicar modelos de classificação automática. O conjunto de dados é consideravelmente pequeno e apresenta um grande desequilíbrio na distribuição das classes, sendo que as três maiores têm perto de 95% dos dados. Para colmatar este problema foram analisadas duas abordagens: classificação em duas etapas e aumento do conjunto de treino com base em traduções dos sumários. Neste contexto foram usados alguns modelos de classificação como k-NN, SVM, Naïve Bayes, boosting e BERT. Usando modelos treinados com os sumários foi também realizada uma experiência de classificação dos textos completos das queixas. Apesar dos resultados serem piores do que os obtidos usando o dados resumidos, estes apresentam alguma taxa de sucesso, especialmente para classificação da classe mais frequente. Com base neste trabalho foi possível concluir que a classificação das classes com menos representação é um desafio, mas através de técnicas de aumento do conjunto de treino é possível melhorar substancialmente o resultado obtido. Também utilizar uma estratégia de classificação multietapa permite melhorar os resultados obtidos. Os melhores modelos para a classificação foram SVM e BERT.

RESUMEN Introducción: La anemia por deficiencia de hierro afecta el crecimiento y desarrollo cognitivo desde las primeras etapas de vida de ser humano. Es preciso abordar una estrategia comunitaria para detectar oportunamente los casos a fin de garantizar oportunidades de desarrollo integral en las etapas de vida posteriores. Objetivo: Describir un modelo de abordaje comunitario para la detección de casos de anemia en niños y niñas en tres comunidades urbanos marginales del norte del Perú. Metodología: Estudio epidemiológico descriptivo de corte transversal, se tamizaron con equipo de espectrofotometría a 412 personas entre gestantes, niños y niñas menores de 5 años. Además, se aplicaron cuestionarios anónimos para evaluar las determinantes de salud. Se geo ubicaron las viviendas con casos de anemia y se desarrolló un aplicativo informático para el almacenamiento de la información. Resultados: En las comunidades de San José y Salamanca se representaron 3,9 % (16) y 7 % (29) casos de anemia respectivamente y solo 1,7 % (7) casos en los Jardines. Existe una relación significativa entre las comunidades y la aparición de casos de anemia p valor = 0,001; intervalo de confianza IC 95 %. Además, el 9,5 % (39) de los casos de anemia no tenía acceso a ningún programa social. Finalmente, el 83,7 % (345) de tamizados no reportó anemia y estuvo suplementado con micronutrientes. Conclusiones: El modelo comunitario podría ser un referente en la atención primaria de salud como estrategia del determinismo social de los casos de anemia en gestantes, niños y niñas. ABSTRACT Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia affects growth and cognitive development from the first stages of human life. It is necessary to undertake a community strategy to detect cases in a timely manner in order to guarantee comprehensive development opportunities in later life stages. Objective: To describe a community approach model for the detection of cases of anemia in boys and girls in three marginal urban communities in northern Peru. Methodology: A prospective, cross-sectional, observational epidemiological study, 412 people were screened with spectrophotometry equipment, including pregnant women, boys and girls under 5 years of age. In addition, anonymous questionnaires were applied to evaluate the determinants of health. Homes with anemia cases were geo-located and a computer application was developed for storing information. Results: In the communities of San José and Salamanca, 3.9% (16) and 7% (29) cases of anemia were represented respectively, and only 1.7% (7) cases in Los Jardines. There is a significant relationship between the communities and the appearance of cases of anemia p value = 0.001; 95% CI confidence interval. Furthermore, 9.5% (39) of anemia cases did not have access to any social program. Finally, 83.7% (345) of those screened did not report anemia and were supplemented with micronutrients. Conclusions: The community model could be a benchmark in primary health care as a strategy for social determinism in cases of anemia in pregnant women, boys and girls.

The thousands of exoplanets that have already been discovered launched an unprecedent drive towards the exploration of these new worlds, particularly their atmospheres. Many of these new planets fit the profile of a gas giant, although with a wide range of characteristics. To study these far away objects, we often use the Solar System as a starting point, thus a good knowledge of the atmospheres of these objects is paramount to understand these other worlds. In this regard, Jupiter often serves as model gas giant, due to its size and mass combination, among other parameters. However, despite numerous interplanetary and orbiting spacecraft combined with a long record of Earth-based observations, some fundamental questions regarding dynamical processes in Jupiter's atmosphere remain [Fletcher et al. (2020)]. The vertical structure of the colourful clouds we see with a small-sized telescope and their circulation mechanisms are still elusive [Sanchez-Lavega (2011)]. Also, to study the atmosphere dynamics of solar system planets, particularly its behaviour and evolution with time, continuous observations are required [Hueso et al. (2020)]. Multiple records of detailed observations span across more than 30 years, from first analysis of the zonal winds [Limaye et al. (1986), Vasavada et al. (1998)] using Pioneer and Galileo data, to more detailed views from the Cassini flyby [Porco et al. (2003), Salyk et al. (2006), Garcia-Melendo et al. (2011), Galperin et al. (2014)]. The most recent efforts in this regard are attributed to the Juno mission, which contributes with very high spatial resolution images [Hansen et al. (2017)], supported by observation campaigns from the Hubble Space Telescope [Garcia-Melendo et al. (2001), Tollefson et al. (2017), Hueso et al. (2017), Johnson et al. (2018)]. Although an impressive volume of data, winds at tropospheric levels have mostly been obtained with cloud-tracking techniques, which follow large patterns moving in the observable atmosphere of Jupiter. Recent efforts in studying the dynamics of the tropospheric region of Jupiter with other techniques such as high-resolution spectroscopy are gaining momentum, with the improvement of facilities which enable increased spectral resolution [Gaulme et al. (2018), Goncalves et al. (2019)]. Different techniques, such as high resolution spectroscopy applied to planetary atmospheres of the Solar System to study dynamics, can be complementary to the usually employed cloud-tracking method, by targeting slightly different levels of the atmosphere [Machado et al. (2021)], with the possibility therein to study the vertical wind shear. The technological capabilities of modern facilities that were designed to discover exoplanets can also be taken advantage of to observe Solar System atmospheres, achieving unprecedent levels of precision from the ground [Gonçalves et al. (2020)]. One such facility is ESPRESSO, assembled on the Very Large Telescope, at ESO. ESPRESSO is able to get two simultaneous spectra in a wavelength range between 378.2 and 788.7 nm with a resolving power that ranges from 70,000 in the Medium Resolution mode (MR) to more than 190,000 in the Ultra High Resolution mode (UHR) [Pepe et al. (2021)]. ESPRESSO was originally designed for exoplanet hunting and atmospheric characterisation, however, just as was demonstrated in [Gonçalves et al. (2020)] for HARPS-N, using these very high resolution spectrographs on solar system atmospheric characterisation can open new horizons on what is possible to achieve with ground-based instruments to study large objects in our cosmic vicinity. We present an optimised Doppler velocimetry method, originally used to retrieve winds on Venus' cloud top region in the visible part of the spectrum [Widemann et al. (2008), Machado et al. (2012), Machado et al. (2014), Machado et al. (2017)]. With its successful application to Venus, this work presents an exploration of other targets within the solar system with our method. It is also an opportunity to investigate the effectiveness of ESPRESSO in the study of Solar System atmospheres, since it was used for this purpose for the first time. We show zonal wind speeds at equatorial latitudes using all the lines in the visible spectrum, from solar radiation backscattered on Jupiter’s atmosphere. These results are compared with the plethora of wind velocity data already retrieved in Jupiter’s troposphere for validation, finding consistency between both methods, despite our limited spatial and temporal coverage. This work promotes another step in the exploration of other Solar System targets with ground-based observations, to fill the gap left by the limited availability of interplanetary space missions, ensuring continuous monitoring of the evolution of the atmospheric circulation on those planets at high spectral resolutions. References Fletcher, L.N., et al. (2020), PSJ, 216, article id. 30, DOI: 10.1007/s11214-019-0631-9; Galperin, B., et al. (2014), Icarus, 229, pp. 295-320, DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2013.08.030; Garcia-Melendo, E., Sanchez-Lavega, A., (2001), Icarus, 152, pp 316-330, DOI: 10.1006/icar.2001.6646; Gaulme, P., et al. (2018), A&A, 617, article id. A41, DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201832868; Gonçalves, I., et al. (2019), Icarus, 319, pp. 795-811, DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2018.10.019; Gonçalves, R., et al. (2020), Icarus, 335, article id. 113418, DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2019.113418; Hansen, C.J., et al., (2017), Spc. Sci. 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(2017), Icarus, 296, pp. 163-178, DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2017.06.007; Vasavada, A.R., et al. (1998), Icarus, 135, pp. 265-275, DOI: 10.1006/icar.1998.5984; Widemann, T., et al. (2008), Planet. Space Sci., 56, pp. 1320-1334, DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2008.07.005.

We present Doppler wind velocity final results of Saturn’s zonal flow at cloud level. Our aim is help to constrain the characterization of the equatorial jet at cloud level and the latitudinal variation of the zonal winds, to measure its spatial and temporal variability, to contribute to monitor the variability in order to achieve a better understanding of the dynamics of Saturn’s zonal winds (Sánchez-Lavega et al. 2003, 2007, 2016); Finally, the complementarity with Cassini, providing an independent set of observations. Figure 1: (a) Raw echellogramme showing the spectral orders for one of the detectors. (b) Magnification of part of one order, where absorption lines (dark vertical bands) are visible. From each order, a stack of 61 spectra are extracted. (c) Set of 61 spectra, with each one corresponding to one pixel in the slit’s active window. (d) Each spectrum is divided into 16 orders in the MIT detector and 23 orders in the EEV detector. The plot shows an example of the 16 components of an MIT spectrum, each coming from one spectral order. (e) Example spectrum from one order and one location in the Venus disk. Machado et al. (2012). The study of the planet’s global system of winds at the 0.7 bar region is based on high resolution spectra from the UV-Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES) instrument at ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT). Under the assumption of predominantly zonal flow, this method allows the simultaneous direct measurement of the zonal velocity across a range of latitudes and local times. The technique, based on long slit spectroscopy combined with the high spatial resolution provided by the VLT, has provided the first ground-based characterization of the latitudinal profile of zonal wind in the atmosphere of Saturn and the first zonal wind field map in the visible. It promises to improve the characterization of the equatorial jet and the latitudinal variation of the zonal winds, as well the measurement (and monitorization) of its spatial and temporal variability, achieving a better understanding of the dynamics of Saturn’s zonal winds (which Sánchez-Lavega have found to have changed in recent years). A complete characterization of the dynamical behaviour of Saturn atmosphere is crucial for understanding its driving mechanisms. Finally, the complementarity with Cassini, has provided an independent set of observations to compare with and help validate the method. The zonal wind profile retrieved is consistent with previous spacecraft measurements based on cloud tracking, but with non-negligible variability in local time (longitude) and in latitude. Figure 2: Geometry of the slit positions at the observation days. Saturn’s diameter is 17.4", and the slit aperture is 0,3”x25” . The aperture offset between consecutive exposures is 1". The sub-terrestrial point is at -26.1ºS. The UVES/VLT instrument has been used, which simultaneously achieves high spectral resolving power and high spatial resolution. The field has been derotated in order to have the aperture aligned perpendicularly to Saturn’s rotation axis. In this configuration, spatial information in the East-West direction is preserved in a set of spectra in the direction perpendicular to dispersion. Our Doppler velocimetry method is based on the technique of absolute accelerometry (Connes, 1985) which has been applied to the backscattered solar spectrum in order to determine the Doppler shift associated with the zonal circulation. Our measurements have been made in the wavelength range of 480-680 nm. Previously we successfully adapted and fine tuned this Doppler velocimetry technique for measuring winds at Venus cloud tops (Machado et al. 2012, 2014,2017, 2021; Gonçalves et al., 2020). In the present study we will show the adaptation of this method for Saturn’s case. We will use coordinated observations from the Cassini’s Visible and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS), in order to compare with the Doppler winds obtained from the UVES/VLT high-resolution spectra. The observations consisted of 4 blocks of 15 exposures of 90 sec, plus two shorter blocks of 9 exposures, totaling 7.3 hours of telescope time. In order to cover the whole disk the aperture has been offset by 1 arcsec in the North-South direction between consecutive exposures. Most of the northern hemisphere was covered by the rings. Saturn’s diameter was 17.4 arcsec, and the slit aperture was 0.3x25 arcsec. The aperture offset between consecutive exposures was 1 arcsec. Two shorter observations blocks of 9 exposures only covered the central part of the disk, and four others covered the whole disk. The sub-terrestrial point was at -26.1 S. The presence of the rings lead to severe order superposition. The dark region between the rings and the disk may or may not be present, depending on the slit position. On the other hand, defects in the response of the UVES slit in the upper part preclude its use for accurate Doppler measurements such as these. For these reasons only the central part of the aperture has been considered for the measurements. It can be easily noticed that we were able to reproduce with a significant agreement the amplitudes of the wind velocities previously observed in a vast range of latitudes and that they are highly consistent with the cloud tracking measurements from almost simultaneous Cassini data. Figure 3: Contour map of Saturn disk for the first night of observations. The wind velocities have units of m/s. Thecolor scale was arbitrary. ReferencesConnes, P., Absolute Astronomical Accelerometry, Astrophysics and Space Science (ISSN 0004-640X), volume 110, no. 2, p.211-255, 1985.Goncalves, R., Machado, et al., Icarus, 335, article id. 113418, 2020.Machado, P., Luz, D.Widemann, T., Lellouch, E.,Witasse, O, , Icarus, Volume 221, p. 248-261, 2012.Machado, P., Widemann, T., Luz, D., Peralta, J., Icarus, 2014.Machado, P., Widemann, T., Peralta, J., Gonçalves, R., Donati, J-F., Luz, D., Icarus, 285, 8-26, 2017Machado, P., et al., Atmosphere, 12, 506, 2021.Sánchez-Lavega, A., et al., Nature, 423, 623-625, 2003.Sánchez-Lavega, A., Hueso, R.; Pérez-Hoyos, S., Icarus, 187, 510-519, 2007.Sánchez-Lavega, A., et al., Nature Communications, 7, id. 13262, 2016.

Phenine Nanotubes (PhNT) are cylinder-shaped molecules synthetized from 1,3,5-trisubstituted benzene ring building blocks that can form tubular segments of different sizes. Small nanotube segments have been recently synthetized, and efforts are being made to increase the nanotubes’ length by adding more “phenine” units. To the authors’ best knowledge, a complete characterization of the mechanical properties of these nanotubes has not yet been accomplished. In this work, Reax and AIREBO forcefields were used to model armchair and zigzag PhNTs and Molecular Dynamics simulations were employed to determine their mechanical properties for tensile, compressive, bending and twisting loadings. It was found that PhNTs have a much lower Young’s modulus (about 30%) and tensile strengths (about 45%) than carbon nanotubes (CNTs), but can endure longer tensile strains without breaking apart. Although possessing a lower bending and twisting stiffness than CNTs, PhNT have highly flexible sidewalls due to their superior porosity, and therefore can withstand higher angles of twist and angles of bend without breaking bonds. This extra flexibility; extended porosity; possibility for heteroatom doping and reasonable strength, make PhNTs very promising candidates for a wide range of applications, such as sensing, ionic transistors or molecular sieving. Finally, a brief study on the application of elastic continuum shell formulas to predict the critical stress (compression), critical moment (bending) and critical torque (twisting) is also presented., This work was supported by FCT, Portugal, through IDMEC, under LAETA, project UIDB/50022/2020 and by IPC-Institute for Polymers and Composites, Portugal. The first author gratefully acknowledges the financial support given by FCT in the context of CEECINST/00156/2018.

In the last decades, the field of metagenomics aided by NGS technologies has grown exponentially and is now a cornerstone tool in medicine. However, even with the current technologies, obtaining a conclusive identification of an organism can be challenging due to using reference-based methods. Consequently, when releasing a new repository of genomic data that contains de-novo sequences, it is problematic to characterize its content. In this paper, we propose a novel method for organism identification and the creation and characterization of genomic databases. For identification, we propose a three-step pipeline for reference-free reconstruction, reference-based classification and features-based classification. On the other hand, for content exposition and extraction, the sequences and their identification are aggregated into a web database catalogue.

The artistic community is increasingly relying on automatic computational analysis for authentication and classification of artistic paintings. In this paper, we identify hidden patterns and relationships present in artistic paintings by analysing their complexity, a measure that quantifies the sum of characteristics of an object. Specifically, we apply Normalized Compression (NC) and the Block Decomposition Method (BDM) to a dataset of 4,266 paintings from 91 authors and examine the potential of these information-based measures as descriptors of artistic paintings. Both measures consistently described the equivalent types of paintings, authors, and artistic movements. Moreover, combining the NC with a measure of the roughness of the paintings creates an efficient stylistic descriptor. Furthermore, by quantifying the local information of each painting, we define a fingerprint that describes critical information regarding the artists' style, their artistic influences, and shared techniques. More fundamentally, this information describes how each author typically composes and distributes the elements across the canvas and, therefore, how their work is perceived. Finally, we demonstrate that regional complexity and two-point height difference correlation function are useful auxiliary features that improve current methodologies in style and author classification of artistic paintings. The whole study is supported by an extensive website (http://panther.web.ua.pt) for fast author characterization and authentication., Comment: Website: http://panther.web.ua.pt 24 Pages; 19 pages article; 5 pages supplementary material

Grassland breeding waders have been steadily declining across Europe. Recent studies indicating a dramatic decline in grassland invertebrates' abundance and biomass, the key food of most grassland wader chicks, suggest a likely driver of the demise of waders. While agricultural intensification is generally inferred as the main cause for arthropod decline there is surprisingly little information on the relationship between land use intensity and total arthropod abundance in grasslands. Here, we explored those relationships across several key waderbreeding habitats by surveying ground-active, aerial and soil-dwelling invertebrate communities in five European countries that range from natural undisturbed bogs to intensively managed grasslands. Using maximum vegetation growth and soil moisture content we investigated how they shape the size of the invertebrate community within and across different countries. We found predominantly positive relationships between grassland invertebrate abundance, biomass and body weight with increasing vegetation growth and soil moisture. Maximum vegetation growth was strongly positively related to ground-active invertebrate abundance and biomass and abundance of soil dwelling invertebrates (mainly earthworms). Body weight of aerial invertebratesfurthermore increased with increasing maximum vegetation growth. Our results provide little support for the hypothesis that agricultural practices associated with intensification of grassland management result in an abundance decline of invertebrate prey for wader chicks. Conservation practices aiming to enhance wader chick survival require a careful balancing act between maintaining habitat productivity to secure high prey abundance, and keeping productivity low enough to maintain open swards that do not need to be cut before chicks havefledged.

Aiming to improve the sustainability of materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), this work reports on the development of novel membranes based on iota-carrageenan biopolymer and their suitability as separator in LIBs applications. The membranes are prepared by freeze-drying and its morphology, thermal, mechanical, and electrochemical properties are evaluated as a function of polymer concentration in the solution. Porous membranes with a degree of porosity above 90% and different interconnected pore sizes between 50 and 70 µm for both polymer concentrations are obtained. The electrochemical parameters of the membranes are influenced by the carrageenan polymer concentration, being 1.34 mS cm-1, 3, 7, and 0.48 for ionic conductivity, tortuosity, MacMullin number, and lithium transference number, respectively, for the membrane prepared from the 4 wt% carrageenan content solution. The half-cells cathodic prepared with the developed membranes show good cyclability and rate capability. The discharge capacity values obtained with the membrane prepared from 4 wt% carrageenan content are 145 and 25 mAh g-1 at C/10- and 1C-rates, respectively, demonstrating excellent battery cycling performance and long-term stability. Thus, this work demonstrates that iota-carrageenan biopolymer membranes developed by freeze-drying can be used as separators for a next generation of more sustainable batteries., FundacAo para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT): Strategic Funding grants UIDB/04650/2020, UID/FIS/04650/2020, UID/EEA/04436/2020, and UID/QUI/0686/2020; projects POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028157, PTDC/FIS-MAC/ 28157/2017, MIT-EXPL/TDI/0033/2021, and POCI-01-0247-FEDER-046985, financed by national funds through the Operational Program, through the Norte Operation Program. The authors also thank the FCT for financial support under grant 2021.08158.BD (J.P.S.) and FCT investigator contracts CEECIND/00833/2017 (R.G.) and 2020.04028.CEECIND (C.M.C.). Financial support from the Basque Government Industry Department under the ELKARTEK program, Basque University System Research Groups, IT-1290-19, and the University of the Basque Country (GIU18/197). The authors thank for technical and human support provided by SGIker (UPV/EHU/ ERDF, EU).

There is increasing pressure to optimize Internet of things (IoT) low-end devices. The ever-growing number of requirements and constraints is pushing towards maximizing performance and real-time, but simultaneously minimizing power consumption, form factor, and memory footprint. This has motivated the adoption of Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology to accelerate computing-intensive workloads in hardware. However, and despite the ongoing trend of migrating application-level tasks to hardware, recently, the offload of system software such as operating system (OS) services has received little attention. This paper presents CHAMELIOT, a framework for FPGA-based IoT platforms that provides agnostic hardware acceleration to OS services by leveraging RISC-V technology. CHAMELIOT allows for developers to run unmodified applications in a set of well-established IoT OSes. Currently, the framework has support for RIOT, Zephyr, and FreeRTOS. The evaluation showed that latency and determinism can be enhanced up to 10x while the system’s performance can be increased to nearly 200%. CHAMELIOT will be open-sourced., This work has been supported by FCT -Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia within the R&D Units Project Scope: UIDB/00319/2020 and SFRH/BD/146678/2019.

This review focuses on the combination of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and ionic liquids (ILs) to obtain composite materials to be used as solid electrolytes in metal-ion battery applications. Benefiting from the controllable chemical composition, tunable pore structure and surface functionality, MOFs offer great opportunities for synthesizing high-performance electrolytes. Moreover, the encapsulation of ILs into porous materials can provide environmentally benign solid-state electrolytes for electrochemical devices. Due to the versatility of MOF-based materials, in this review we also explore their use as anodes and cathodes in Li- and Na-ion batteries. Finally, solid IL@MOF electrolytes and their implementation into Li and Na batteries have been analyzed, as well as the design and advanced manufacturing of solid IL@MOF electrolytes embedded on polymeric matrices has been analyzed., This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (PID 2019-107468RB-C21), BIDEKO project, funded by MCIN/AEI, NextGenerationEU, PRTR and Gobierno Vasco/Eusko Jaurlaritza (IT1546-22) and ELKARTEK program. The authors also thank FCT (Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia) for financial support under the framework of Strategic Funding grants UIDB/4650/2020, UID/CTM/50025/2021, UID/FIS/04650/2021 and UID/EEA/04436/2021 and support from FEDER funds through the COMPETE 2020 Program (projects PTDC/FIS-MAC/28157/2017 and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007688). Contract under the Stimulus of Scientific Employment, Individual Support 2020.04028 CEECIND (CC) is acknowledged. The European Commission Research and Innovation H2020-MSCA-RISE-2017 (Ref: 778412) INDESMOF project is also acknowledged.