Search

Background: Rosacea, a chronic inflammatory disorder of the facial skin, is effectively treated by intense pulsed light (IPL). Objective: To explore the potential molecular mechanism underlying the photobiomodulation effect of IPL for rosacea treatment.Methods: Skin samples from patients with rosacea were subjected to histological and immunohistological staining. Ten patients were followed up after IPL treatment using the VISIA® skin analysis system, and the severity was assessed. In vivo, skin changes in mice with rosacea-like inflammation induced by intradermal injection of 320 μM LL-37 with or without IPL treatment were evaluated using L*a*b colorimetry as well as histological and immunological staining. In vitro, LL-37-stimulated mast cells (MCs) with or without IPL treatment were evaluated for protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, kallikrein-related peptidase 5 (KLK5), and cathelicidin using western blotting and qRT-PCR.Results: Profound infiltration of inflammatory cells and evident MC degranulation were found in rosacea skin lesions. The expression of rosacea-related biomarkers and inflammatory cytokines was higher in lesion areas than in non-lesional areas, as demonstrated via immunochemical staining. In all patients, rosacea severity reduced after IPL therapy. In vivo, IPL alleviated inflammation in mice with rosacea-like inflammation, as demonstrated by the significantly decreased MMP-9, KLK5, and cathelicidin expression and reduced percentage of degranulating MCs. In vitro, IPL decreased MMP-9, KLK5, and cathelicidin expression in P815 cells, reducing the release of inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting rosacea-like inflammatory reactions. Conclusion: The photobiomodulation effect of IPL for rosacea treatment may inhibit MC degranulation and alleviate inflammatory reactions.

The study examines the crucial role of value co-creation impacts on customer loyalty (attitudinal and behavioural loyalty) in the Chinese self-service food industry, especially in “Hot Pot,” also known as “Huo Guo,” taking into account the mediating impact on customer trust and satisfaction. The authors collected 377 valid Chinese customers' questionnaires to assess the conceptual model with a purposive sampling method, and data were analyzed using SmartPLS3 software. The findings show that value co-creation positively impacts customer satisfaction, whereas satisfaction fully mediates the association between value co-creation and trust. The findings further portray that consumer satisfaction partially mediates the association among value co-creation and attitudinal and behavioural loyalty. Based on the results, another key finding is that consumer satisfaction has an insignificant impact on behavioural loyalty. Notably, the findings provide a menu of potential managerial implications to enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty.

This paper investigates the safety guaranteed problem in spacecraft inspection missions, considering multiple position obstacles and logical attitude forbidden zones. In order to address this issue, we propose a control strategy based on control barrier functions, summarized as "safety check on kinematics" and "velocity tracking on dynamics" approach. The proposed approach employs control barrier functions to describe the obstacles and to generate safe velocities via the solution of a quadratic programming problem. Subsequently, we design a proportional-like controller based on the generated velocity, which, despite its simplicity, can ensure safety even in the presence of velocity tracking errors. The stability and safety of the system are rigorously analyzed in this paper. Furthermore, to account for model uncertainties and external disturbances, we incorporate an immersion and invariance-based disturbance observer in our design. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy., 22 pages, 9 figures, submitted to JGCD

Fluorescent polymer nanomaterials with dynamic fluorescence properties hold great potential in many advanced applications, including but not limited to information encryption, adaptive camouflage, and biosensors. The key to improving the application value of materials is to establish an accurate control strategy for dynamic fluorescence behavior. Herein, we develop a core-shell engineering strategy to precisely and independently manipulate the dynamic fluorescence behavior through the shell polymeric matrix. The core-shell fluorescent polymer nanoparticles (CS-FPNPs) are constructed through a sequential process of miniemulsion polymerization and seeded emulsion polymerization. Taking advantage of the core-shell structure, the rigid core matrix ensures the strong initial emission of AIE units, while the photoisomerization behavior of spiropyrane (SP) units is delicately and independently regulated by the rigidness of the shell matrix. Thereby, CS-FPNPs exhibit bright time-dependent reversible dynamic fluorescence behavior under alternating UV/vis irradiation. Benefited from the excellent processability and film formation ability, we have successfully applied CS-FPNPs to dynamic decorative painting, warning labels, and dynamic QR code security. Impressively, the fluorescence manipulation strategy based on core-shell engineering allows the independent regulation of specific luminescent units in complicated emission systems to accurately embody designed emission behavior.

The genetic diversity and differentiation of four geographic populations of Neoschongastia gallinarum were evaluated using concatenated mitochondrial gene sequences (pCOI, pCOII, and pND5). Based on the results, the N. gallinarum populations had high genetic diversity and strong ecological adaptability. Genetic differentiation among paired populations calculated using concatenated mitochondrial gene sequences revealed that geographic isolation resulted in genetic differentiation among the populations of N. gallinarum, and gene flow between populations associated with human trade activities. Systematic development and molecular variance based on haplotypes revealed that genetic variation existed in different haplotypes; however, no clear rule related to geographic region was found. Further, genetic variation was mainly derived from individuals within the population. A neutral test based on concatenated mitochondrial gene sequences and nucleotide pair differences revealed that N. gallinarum did not experience an obvious population expansion in recent historical periods. Accordingly, the population size was relatively stable.

The prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is higher in Asians than Caucasians, with higher frequency of renal and other major organ manifestations that carry a poorer prognosis. The outcome of SLE is still unsatisfactory in many parts of the Asia Pacific region due to limited access to healthcare systems, poor treatment adherence and adverse reactions to therapies. The Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology (APLAR) SLE special interest group has recently published a set of consensus recommendation statements for the management of SLE in the Asia Pacific region. The current article is a supplement of systematic literature search (SLR) to the prevalence and treatment of non-renal manifestations of SLE in Asian patients.

Drying is the key process through which the aroma of tencha forms. However, the effects of drying method on volatiles are unknown. We compared tencha-ro drying with regular drying. Volatiles in tencha infusions were extracted using headspace solid-phase microextraction and solvent-assisted flavor evaporation combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Partial least squares (PLS), odor activity value (OAV), and heat map analyses were performed to identify the optimal drying method for creating a seaweed-like aroma. Changes in the key volatile compounds of the samples were investigated. The tencha infusions contained 125 volatiles with nine chemical structures. According to the sensory evaluation, tencha-ro drying was the optimal method for producing high-quality tencha with an intense and consistent seaweed-like aroma. The PLS model accurately distinguished among the types of tencha. By combining OAVs with screening through multivariate statistical analysis, six volatile compounds were revealed to contribute substantially to tencha's seaweed-like aroma: 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-6-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-5-methylpyrazine, dimethyl sulfide, β-ionone, and 2-formyl-1-methylpyrrole. The findings provide a theoretical basis and technical guidance for the processing of high-quality tencha with a strong seaweed-like aroma. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study demonstrated that tencha-ro drying contributes to the formation of a seaweed-like aroma in tencha and provides theoretical guidance for tea factories to use the appropriate drying methods for high-quality tencha.

It has been reported that LXR agonist can inhibit Aβ generation and alleviate Aβ-induced various adverse reactions in vivo and in vitro experiments, but the mechanisms have not been clarified. The study aimed to observe the effect of LXR agonist TO901317 on the cognitive function of AD transgenic mice fed with cholesterol-rich diet (CRD), and to explore the possible mechanism. Methods: 32 male 6-month-old double transgenic AD mice were enrolled and randomly divided into 4 groups: control (normal diet) group, CRD treatment group, TO901317 treatment group and GSK2033 treatment group. After 3 month, Morris water maze was for the changes of spatial exploration and memory ability; ELISA was for detecting the production of Aβ42 in the brain; the concentration of total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) in serum were detected by cholesterol enzyme colorimetry; Finally, the expression of LXR-β, RXR-α, ABCA1, caveolin-1, BACE1 and APP at protein level in the brains was measured by Western blotting.Compared with the control group, the learning, memory ability and spatial exploration ability of the mice were more significantly serious in the CRD group (P0.05); The contents of TC and LDL in the serum and the production of Aβ42 in the brains were significantly increased (P0.05), but HDL was remarkably decreased (P0.05); The protein levels of LXR-β, RXR-α and ABCA1 were also significantly decreased (P0.05); The expression of caveolin-1, APP and BACE1 were evidently increased (P0.05). However, after treatment with TO901317, the impaired learning and memory and spatial exploration ability of the mice were significantly improved (P0.05); The contents of TC and LDL in serum and the production of Aβ42 in the brains were significantly decreased (P0.05), but HLD was increased (P0.05); The protein levels of LXR-β, RXR-α, ABCA1were all significantly increased (P0.05), while, the expression of caveolin-1, APP and BACE1 were all significantly decreased (P0.05). All the changes were reversed by GSK2033 (P0.05).TO901317 attenuated the more serious impairment of spatial exploration, learning and memory in transgenic AD mice induced by CRD, and the mechanism may be that TO901317 could activate the LXR-β/RXR-α/ABCA1 transmembrane transport system, promote the cholesterol efflux, and decreased caveolin-1, APP and BACE1, further reduce Aβ42 in the brains.

This paper investigates the boresight-alignment attitude control problem of spacecraft under time-varying parameter uncertainties in a manner that ensures both safety and performance, accounting for pointing-forbidden constraints, attitude rotation rate limitations, and pointing accuracy requirements. To tackle this problem, we propose a modified composite framework that combines the Artificial Potential Field (APF) methodology with the Prescribed Performance Control (PPC) scheme. The APF scheme is employed to ensure safety, while the PPC scheme is employed for performance consideration. Further, a switching prescribed performance function (S-PPF) is proposed to promote compatibility between safety and performance when the system encounters obstacle regions. To further address the concern regarding parameter uncertainties, we utilize the Immersion-and-Invariance (I\&I) adaptive control technique, and we further introduce the concept called "congelation of variables" to build a compensating auxiliary system, facilitating the stability by providing a feedforwardly compensating for time-varying unknown parameter dynamics. Based on the proposed scheme, an adaptive composite controller is derived, guaranteeing the asymptotic convergence of the closed-loop system. Finally, numerical simulation results are carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme., Submitted to T-AES

This paper focuses on the problem of spacecraft attitude control in the presence of time-varying parameter uncertainties and multiple constraints, accounting for angular velocity limitation, performance requirements, and input saturation. To tackle this problem, we propose a modified framework called Compatible Performance Control (CPC), which integrates the Prescribed Performance Control (PPC) scheme with a contradiction detection and alleviation strategy. Firstly, by introducing the Zeroing Barrier Function (ZBF) concept, we propose a detection strategy to yield judgment on the compatibility between the angular velocity constraint and the performance envelope constraint. Subsequently, we propose a projection operator-governed dynamical system with a varying upper bound to generate an appropriate bounded performance envelope-modification signal if a contradiction exists, thereby alleviating the contradiction and promoting compatibility within the system. Next, a dynamical filter technique is introduced to construct a bounded reference velocity signal to address the angular velocity limitation. Furthermore, we employ a time-varying gain technique to address the challenge posed by time-varying parameter uncertainties, further developing an adaptive strategy that exhibits robustness on disturbance rejection. By utilizing the proposed CPC scheme and time-varying gain adaptive strategy, we construct an adaptive CPC controller, which guarantees the ultimate boundedness of the system, and all constraints are satisfied simultaneously during the whole control process. Finally, numerical simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed framework., Submitted to T-AES

IntroductionThis study aimed to investigate the genetic factors promoting widespread Q6 dissemination of tet(X4) between Escherichia coli and to characterize the genetic contexts of tet(X4).MethodsWe isolated E. coli from feces, water, soil and flies collected across a large-scale chicken farm in China in 2020. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and PFGE typing were used to identify tigecycline resistance and assess clonal relationships among isolates. Plasmids present and genome sequences were analyzed by conjugation, S1 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), plasmid stability testing and whole-genome sequencing.ResultsA total of 204 tigecycline-resistant E. coli were isolated from 662 samples. Of these, we identified 165 tet(X4)-carrying E. coli and these strains exhibited a high degree of multidrug resistance. Based on the geographical location distribution of the sampled areas, number of samples in each area and isolation rate of tigecycline-resistant strains and tet(X4)-carrying isolates, 72 tet(X4)-positive isolates were selected for further investigation. Tigecycline resistance was shown to be mobile in 72 isolates and three types of tet(X4)-carrying plasmids were identified, they were IncHI1 (n = 67), IncX1 (n = 3) and pO111-like/IncFIA(HI1) (n = 2). The pO111-like/IncFIA(HI1) is a novel plasmid capable of transferring tet(X4). The transfer efficiency of IncHI1 plasmids was extremely high in most cases and IncHI1 plasmids were stable when transferred into common recipient strains. The genetic structures flanked by IS1, IS26 and ISCR2 containing tet(X4) were complex and varied in different plasmids.DiscussionThe widespread dissemination of tigecycline-resistant E. coli is a major threat to public health. This data suggests careful use of tetracycline on farms is important to limit spread of resistance to tigecycline. Multiple mobile elements carrying tet(X4) are in circulation with IncHI1 plasmids the dominant vector in this setting.

Diesel engine exhaust (DEE) is an established lung carcinogen, but the biological mechanisms of diesel-induced lung carcinogenesis are not well understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play a potentially important role in regulating gene expression related to lung cancer. We conducted a cross-sectional molecular epidemiology study to evaluate whether serum levels of miRNAs are altered in healthy workers occupationally exposed to DEE compared to unexposed controls. We conducted a two-stage study, first measuring 405 miRNAs in a pilot study of six DEE-exposed workers exposed and six controls. In the second stage, 44 selected miRNAs were measured using the Fireplex circulating miRNA assay that profiles miRNAs directly from biofluids of 45 workers exposed to a range of DEE (Elemental Carbon (EC), median, range: 47.7, 6.1-79.7 μg/m 3 ) and 46 controls. The relationship between exposure to DEE and EC with miRNA levels was analyzed using linear regression adjusted for potential confounders. Serum levels of four miRNAs were significantly lower (miR-191-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-423-3p, miR-122-5p) and one miRNA was significantly higher (miR-92a-3p) in DEE exposed workers compared to controls. Of these miRNAs, miR-191-5p (p trend = .001, FDR = 0.04) and miR-93-5p (p trend = .009, FDR = 0.18) showed evidence of an inverse exposure-response with increasing EC levels. Our findings suggest that occupational exposure to DEE may affect circulating miRNAs implicated in biological processes related to carcinogenesis, including immune function.

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common cancer and the 2nd leading cause of cancer-related death. Numerous studies have found that aberrations in cellular molecules play an important role in the development of tumors. Studying and determining the interactions between these molecules can contribute to the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of tumors. METHODS: The GSE151021, GSE156720, and GSE156719 data sets were analyzed to screen the differentially expressed messenger RNAs (DEmRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (DElncRNAs), and microRNAs (DEmiRNAs) in CRC. Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins software were used to examine gene enrichment and the hub genes. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2) and UALCAN was used to verify the expression of the hub genes. To analyze the overall survival (OS) of the hub genes, Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM plotter) was performed. Finally, the miRCancer database, TargetScan, and GSE156719 were used to identify the targets of the identified miRNAs. To predict the lncRNA-miRNA interactions, we used DIANA-LncBase v2 and GSE156720. Finally, the visualization protein‑protein interaction (PPI), competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed using Cytoscape v3.1. RESULTS: By analyzing GSE151021 and GSE156720, 23 upregulated mRNAs and 10 downregulated mRNAs were identified as sharing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between CRC and adjacent tissues. Furthermore, nucleolar protein 14 (NOP14), the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling molecule, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 (PMAIP1), the BCL2 apoptosis regulator (BCL2), and zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) were considered hub genes. The constructed lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network revealed 7 intersecting miRNAs (4 upregulated and 3 downregulated), 79 lncRNAs (40 upregulated and 39 downregulated), and 5 mRNAs (3 upregulated and 2 downregulated). Finally, we determined that the dysregulation of lncRNAs, such as HCG16, CASC9, SNHG16, HAND2-AS1, and NR2F1-AS1, secluded altered the expression of several miRNAs, such as hsa-miR-193a-5p, hsa-miR-485-5p, hsa-miR-17-5p, and hsa-miR-92a-3p, and affected the occurrence and development of CRC. CONCLUSIONS: We identified a series of DElncRNAs, DEmRNAs, and DEmiRNAs in CRC that might be considered potential biomarkers in understanding the complex molecular pathways leading to CRC development.

Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 infection is critical for controlling the current pandemic. Antigen rapid tests (ARTs) provide a means for surveillance. Available lateral flow assay format ARTs rely heavily on nitrocellulose paper, raising challenges in supply shortage. Vertical flow assay (VFA) with cellulose paper as test material attracts much attention as a complementary test approach. However, current reported VFAs are facing challenges in reading the test signal from the bottom face of the test cassette, complicating the test workflow and hindering translation into rapid test application. Here, we address this gap with an enhanced VFA against SARS-CoV-2 N protein that adapts a cellulose pull-down test format allowing (1) one-step sample application at the top of the test cassette and (2) readout of the test signal from the top. We also demonstrate the feasibility of translating the enhanced VFA into a point-of-care application that can help in SARS-CoV-2 surveillance.

Background Physical activity intervention and watching natural environment videos have been proven to improve young children’s attention levels. However, evidence comparing the improvement effects of different combinations of the two activities has rarely been reported. By comparing the differences in the improvement effects of four combinations of physical activities and watching natural environment videos on young children’s attention levels, this study can enrich the evidence in this research field and also provide a reference for arranging effective intervention methods for children’s attention recovery between classes. Method A total of 152 children aged 4 to 6 years were recruited and randomly divided into four intervention groups: (1) physical activity intervention first and thereafter watching a natural environment video group (activity + video group), (2) watching a natural environment video first and thereafter the physical activity intervention group (video + activity group), (3) physical activity-based group, and (4) natural environment video-based group. Physical activity involved 4 min of moderate-intensity basic physical fitness combination training. The subjects wore the Pico Neo pioneer version of the VR glasses all-in-one machine to watch a natural environment video. Thereafter, population sociological variables and daily physical activity levels were investigated. Auditory and visual sustained attention tests were performed before and after intervention in each group. Result The auditory attention post-test scores of the four groups showed an improvement trend compared with the pretest scores. In particular, the activity + video group (F = 10.828; ɳp2 = 0.226; p = 0.002) and natural environment video-based group (F = 9.452; ɳp2 = 0.203; p = 0.004) have the best improvement effect. For visual attention, only the activity + video group showed a significant improvement trend (F = 4.287; ɳp2 = 0.104; p = 0.045), while the other three groups showed a downward trend in scores. Conclusions Among the different intervention combinations, the physical activity intervention first and watching natural environment videos thereafter group has the best effect on improving children’s attention during recess. Physical activity interventions at the end of recess adversely affect young children’s visual attention levels at the beginning of the class. Therefore, this study recommends that children should not engage in physical activity interventions in the second half of the class break. Lastly, the current research recommends presenting the content of physical activity interventions first and further improving their attention thereafter by watching natural environment videos.

Schistosomiasis is still one of the most significant neglected tropical diseases worldwide, and China is endemic for Schistosoma japonicum. With its great achievement in schistosomiasis control, the government of China has set the goal to eliminate the parasitic disease at the country level by 2030. However, one major challenge is the remaining huge areas of habitats for the intermediate host Oncomelania hupensis. This is further exacerbated by an increasing number of new emerging snail habitats reported each year. Therefore, population genetics on snails in such areas will be useful in evaluation of snail control effect and/or dispersal. We then sampled snails from new emerging habitats in Taicang of Jiangsu, China, a currently S. japonicum non-endemic area from 2014 to 2017, and performed population genetic analyses based on nine microsatellites. Results showed that all snail populations had low genetic diversity, and most genetic variations originated from within snail populations. The estimated effective population size for the 2015 population was infinitive. All snails could be separated into two clusters, and further DIYABC analysis revealed that both the 2016 and the 2017 populations may derive from the 2015, indicating that the 2017 population must have been missed in the field survey performed in 2016. These findings may have implications in development of more practical guidelines for snail monitoring and control.

This paper focuses on the spacecraft attitude control problem with intermittent actuator activation, taking into account the attitude rotation rate limitation and input saturation issue simultaneously. To address this problem, we first propose a composite event-trigger mechanism, which composed of two state-dependent trigger that governing the activation and deactivation of actuators. Subsequently, by introducing the cascaded decomposition of Backstepping control philosophy, the designed trigger mechanism is then applied to the decomposed dynamical subsystem, providing a layered intermittent stabilization strategy. Further, the basic intermittent attitude controller is extended to a "constrained version" by introducing a strictly bounded virtual control law and an input saturation compensation auxiliary system. By analyzing the local boundedness of the system on each inter-event time interval, a uniformly, strictly decreasing upper boundary of the lumped system is further characterized, thereby completing the proof of the system's uniformly ultimately boundedness (UUB). Finally, numerical simulation results are illustrated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme., Comment: Submitted to T-AES

A new species of the genus Leptobrachella, Leptobrachella damingshanensis sp. nov. is described from central Guangxi, China, based on morphological, molecular, and acoustic data. Phylogenetic analyses using a 16S rRNA gene fragment indicated that the new species formed an independent clade close to L. nahangensis and L. nyx. However, the new species differs from all known congeners based on a combination of the following characters: medium size (snout-vent length (SVL) 33.6–34.4 mm in males); pair of distinct jacinth humeral glands on proximal thigh area; rough dorsal skin with sparse jacinth tubercles and several short longitudinal ridges; creamy white ventral surface with small, creamy white glands on throat, chest, belly, and ventral surfaces of thighs, becoming more concentrated near lateral margin; webbing and lateral fringes absent on fingers, toes with rudimentary webbing and narrow lateral fringes; flanks with small irregular black spots; iris bicolored, upper half copper, fading to silver in lower half. Uncorrected p-distances were greater than 4.7% between Leptobrachella damingshanensis sp. nov. and all homologous DNA sequences available for the 16S rRNA gene. The new species is only known to occur in the Damingshan National Nature Reserve, where it inhabits montane evergreen forests between 1 000–1 200 m a.s.l.

Schistosomiasis is caused by dioecious helminths of the genus Schistosoma. Recent work indicated that unpaired female and male schistosomes can survive within their definitive host for at least 1 year, although the viability or fertility of these worms after subsequent pairing remained untested. We performed two experiments on laboratory mice, one with female Schistosoma japonicum exposure first and male schistosomes second and another vice versa. After surviving as single-sex unpaired forms for up to 1 year, 58.5% of male and 70% of female schistosomes were able to mate and produce viable eggs. This highlights an additional biological challenge in achieving elimination of schistosomiasis.

Kang-Da Zhang,1 Lin-Yu Wang,1 Zhi-Hua Zhang,1 Dan-Xu Zhang,1 Xiao-Wen Lin,2 Tao Meng,1 Feng Qi1 1Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Tao Meng; Feng Qi, Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No.107 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China, Email mengtao@sdu.edu.cn; 198962001111@sdu.edu.cnObjective: Several guidelines highlight the beneficial impact of exercise on the management of symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). However, few analyses have compared different types of exercise. We, therefore, intent to compare the effects of different exercise types on improving the overall HRQOL and typical symptoms in patients with FMS.Methods: Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Register of Clinical Trials, and NIH ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception to April 21, 2022. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included to assess the impact of exercise intervention on health parameters in adult FMS patients. Data were extracted independently and a frequentist network meta-analyses (NMA) was performed to rank the effects of interventions according to P-scores. The NMA evidence certainty was assessed using the method recommended by Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Working Group.Results: A total of 57 RCTs were identified, including 3319 participants, involving 9 interventions (7 types of exercise, 2 controls). Of all treatments compared with usual care in efficacy outcomes, Mind-body exercise was associated with the best HRQOL (SMD, − 12.12; 95% CI, − 15.79 to − 8.45). On the other characteristic symptom dimensions, based on moderate quality evidence, sensorimotor training was associated with minimal pain scores compared with usual care (SMD, − 1.81; 95% CI, − 2.81 to − 0.82), whole body vibration therapy was most promising for improving sleep quality (SMD, − 6.95; 95% CI, − 10.03 to − 3.87), pool-based aerobic exercise was most likely to ease anxiety (SMD, − 4.83; 95% CI, − 7.47 to − 2.19), and whole body vibration was most likely to improve depression (SMD, − 10.44; 95% CI, − 22.00 to 1.12).Conclusion: Mind-body exercise seems to be the most effective exercise to improve the overall HRQOL of patients with FMS. But at the same time, clinicians still need to develop individualized exercise plans for patients according to their symptoms and accessibility.Keywords: fibromyalgia syndrome, exercise, quality of life, systematic review, network meta-analysis

This paper focuses on the issue of how to realize spacecraft attitude control with guaranteed performance while conspicuously reducing the actuator acting frequency simultaneously. The prescribed performance control (PPC) scheme is often employed for the control with guaranteed performance. However, conventional PPC controllers are designed from the perspective of continuous system, which contradicts the "discrete" control logic in actual spacecraft control system, and such a problem limited the application value of PPC scheme in actual applications. In order to significantly lower the actuator acting frequency while still maintaining the desired performance, a composite event-trigger mechanism is proposed for this issue, turning off the actuator and eliminating unnecessary control output under appropriate conditions. Further, the proposed composite event-trigger mechanism is combined with a prescribed performance control scheme, constructing a complete controller structure for solving the presented issue. Meanwhile, a special performance function is designed to provide mild transition process. Based on the proposed scheme, a specific backstepping controller is further developed as a validation. Finally, numerical simulation results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme., 13 pages

We investigated whether exposure to carcinogenic diesel engine exhaust (DEE) was associated with altered adduct levels in human serum albumin (HSA) residues. Nano-liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (nLC-HRMS) was used to measure adducts of Cys34 and Lys525 residues in plasma samples from 54 diesel engine factory workers and 55 unexposed controls. An untargeted adductomics and bioinformatics pipeline was used to find signatures of Cys34/Lys525 adductome modifications. To identify adducts that were altered between DEE-exposed and unexposed participants, we used an ensemble feature selection approach that ranks and combines findings from linear regression and penalized logistic regression, then aggregates the important findings with those determined by random forest. We detected 40 Cys34 and 9 Lys525 adducts. Among these findings, we found evidence that 6 Cys34 adducts were altered between DEE-exposed and unexposed participants (i.e., 841.75, 851.76, 856.10, 860.77, 870.43, and 913.45). These adducts were biologically related to antioxidant activity.

Objectives Physical activity intervention and watching natural environment videos have been proven to improve young children’s attention level. However, evidence comparing the improvement effects of different combinations of the two has rarely been reported. By comparing the differences in the improvement effects of four combinations of physical activities and watching natural environment videos on the attention level of young children, this study can enrich the evidence in this research field and also provide a reference for arranging effective intervention methods for children’s attention recovery between classes. Method A total of 152 children aged 4 to 6 years were recruited and randomly divided into four intervention groups: (1) physical activity intervention first and thereafter watching the natural environment video group (activity + video group), (2) watching the natural environment video first and thereafter the physical activity intervention group (video + activity group), (3) physical activity-based group, and (4) natural environment video-based group. Physical activity involved 4 minutes of moderate-intensity basic physical fitness combination training. The subjects wore the Pico Neo pioneer version of the VR glasses all-in-one machine to watch the natural environment video. Thereafter, population sociological variables and daily physical activity levels, among others, were investigated. Auditory and visual sustained attention tests were performed before and after the intervention in each group. Result Compared with the pretest scores, the auditory attention post-test scores of the four groups showed an improvement trend. In particular, the “activity + video” group (F = 10.828; ɳp2 = 0.226; p = 0.002) and “natural environmental video-based” group (F = 9.452; ɳp2 = 0.203; p = 0.004) have the best improvement effect. For visual attention, only the “activity + video” group showed a significant improvement trend (F = 4.287; ɳp2 = 0.104; p = 0.045), while the other three groups showed a downward trend in scores. Conclusions Among the different intervention combinations, the physical activity intervention first and watching natural environment videos thereafter group has the best effect on improving children’s attention during recess. Physical activity interventions at the end of recess adversely affect young children’s visual attention levels at the beginning of the class. Therefore, this study recommends that children should not engage in physical activity interventions in the second half of the class break. Lastly, the current research recommends presenting the content of physical activity interventions first and further improving their attention thereafter by watching natural environment videos.

Inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) is a phytochemical widely found in grains and legumes that plays an anti-cancer role. However, the mechanism underlying the inhibition of colorectal cancer metastasis by IP6 through host genes, gut microbiota, and their interactions remain elusive. In this study, 16S rRNA sequencing was used to study the effect of IP6 on gut microbiota in an orthotopic transplantation model of colorectal cancer mice. The transcriptome was used to study the changes of host genes in metastasis and the relationship with gut microbiota. The results showed that the gut microbiota composition of model mice was significantly different from that of normal mice. The beta diversity partly tended to return to the normal level after IP6 intervention. Especially, Lactobacillus helveticus and Lactococcus lactis were recovered after IP6-treated. Enrichment analysis showed that the enrichment score of the Cytokine-Cytokine receptor interaction signal pathway decreased after IP6 treatment compared to the model group. Further analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in this pathway showed that IP6 reduced the expression of the Tnfrsf1b gene related to the area of liver metastasis, and the Tnfrsf1b gene was negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Lactobacillus helveticus. Our results presented that host gene, microbiome and their interaction may serve as promising targets for the mechanism of IP6 intervention in colorectal cancer metastasis.

Glass-ceramic sulfide solid electrolytes like Li7P3S11 are practicable propellants for safe and high-performance all-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs); however, the stability and conductivity issues remain unsatisfactory. Herein, we propose a congener substitution strategy to optimize Li7P3S11 as Li7P2.9Sb0.1S10.75O0.25 via chemical bond and structure regulation. Specifically, Li7P2.9Sb0.1S10.75O0.25 is obtained by a Sb2O5 dopant to achieve partial Sb/P and O/S substitution. Benefiting from the strengthened oxysulfide structural unit of POS33- and P2OS64- with bridging oxygen atoms and a distorted lattice configuration of the Sb-S tetrahedron, the Li7P2.9Sb0.1S10.75O0.25 electrolyte exhibits prominent chemical stability and high ionic conductivity. Besides the improved air stability, the ionic conductivity of Li7P2.9Sb0.1S10.75O0.25 could reach 1.61 × 10-3 S cm-1 at room temperature with a wide electrochemical window of up to 5 V (vs Li/Li+), as well as good stability against Li and Li-In alloy anodes. Consequently, the ASSLSB with the Li7P2.9Sb0.1S10.75O0.25 electrolyte shows high discharge capacities of 1374.4 mAh g-1 (0.05C, 50th cycle) at room temperature and 1365.4 mAh g-1 (0.1C, 100th cycle) at 60 °C. The battery also presents remarkable rate performance (1158.3 mAh g-1 at 1C) and high Coulombic efficiency (>99.8%). This work provides a feasible technical route for fabricating ASSLSBs.

Summary Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is prevalent in Asia and carries a variable prognosis among patients across the Asia-Pacific region, which could relate to access to health care, tolerability of medications, and adherence to therapies. Because many aspects of SLE are unique among patients from this region, the Asia-Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology developed the first set of consensus recommendations on the management of SLE. A core panel of 13 rheumatologists drafted a set of statements through face-to-face meeting and teleconferences. A literature review was done for each statement to grade the quality of evidence and strength of recommendation. 29 independent specialists and three patients with SLE were then recruited for a modified Delphi process to establish consensus on the statements through an online voting platform. A total of 34 consensus recommendations were developed. Panellists agreed that patients with SLE should be referred to a specialist for the formulation of a treatment plan through shared decision making between patients and physicians. Remission was agreed to be the goal of therapy, but when it cannot be achieved, a low disease activity state should be aimed for. Patients should be screened for renal disease, and hydroxychloroquine is recommended for all Asian people with SLE. Major organ manifestations of SLE should be treated with induction immunosuppression and subsequently maintenance; options include cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, and calcineurin inhibitors, in combination with glucocorticoids. Biologics, combination regimens, plasma exchange, and intravenous immunoglobulins should be reserved for cases of refractory or life-threatening disease. Anticoagulation therapy with warfarin is preferred to the direct oral anticoagulants for thromboembolic SLE manifestations associated with a high-risk antiphospholipid antibody profile.

Background:. Disease activity indices (DAIs) including disease activity score 28 (DAS28), simplified disease activity index (SDAI), and clinical disease activity index (CDAI) have been widely used in clinical practice and research studies of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of our study was to evaluate the correlation and concordance among different DAIs in Chinese patients with RA. Methods:. A cross-sectional study, including patients enrolled in the Chinese registry of rheumatoid arthritis from November 2016 to August 2018, was conducted. The correlations were evaluated using Spearman correlation coefficient and concordance with Bland-Altman plots, quadratic weighted kappa, and discordance rates in the crosstab. For other indices, the optimal cutoff points corresponding to SDAI remission were explored through receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results:. A total of 30,501 patients were included, of whom 80.46% were women. Most individuals were with moderate disease activity or high disease activity. High correlations among DAS28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and DAS28-C-reactive protein (CRP), SDAI and CDAI were observed. Similarly, the weighted kappa value among the indices was high. In Bland-Altman plots, a positive difference between DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP was observed, with an absolute difference of >1.2 in 3079 (10.09%) patients. In crosstab, approximately 30% of the patients were classified into different groups. Concordance values between SDAI remission and the optimal cutoff points of DAS28-ESR, DAS28-CRP, and CDAI were 3.06, 2.37, and 3.20, respectively. Conclusions:. Although DAIs had high correlations and weighted kappa values, the discordance between DAIs was significant in Chinese patients with RA. The four DAIs are not interchangeable.

Triacylglycerol (TAG) is the primary constituent of human milk fat and plays a vital role in the healthy development of infants. But few studies reported the sophisticated profile of TAG molecular species in human breast milk and its temporal changes during a prolonged lactation period. An efficient ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) method was adopted to examine TAGs. A total of 128 TAGs in 296 human breast milk samples collected during postnatal 0 to 400 days were identified. The changes in the human milk TAG profile mainly took place in the early stages of lactation (postnatal 0-45 days), and the TAG profile became stable in mature milk after 200 days of lactation. Odd chain fatty acids (OC-FAs) may be important markers for identifying human breast milk of different lactation stages. This study could provide evidence for developing safe and efficacious human-milk substitutes for children without access to human breast milk.