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It is predicted that already in 2040, 35% of requirements for meat will be provided by in vitro production. Recreating the course of myogenesis in vitro, and thus resembling a structure of muscle tissue, is the basis for research focusing on obtaining cultured meat and requires providing relevant factors supporting the proliferation of satellite cells—being precursors of skeletal muscles. The present work aimed to develop the composition of the medium that would most effectively stimulate the proliferation of bovine satellite cells (BSCs). The modeling and optimization methods included the measurements of the synergistic, co-stimulatory effect of three medium components: the amount of glucose, the type of serum (bovine or horse), and the amount of mitogenic factor—bFGF. Additionally, the qPCR analyses determined the expression of genes involved in myogenesis, such as Pax7 and Myogenic Regulatory Factors, depending on the level of the tested factor. The results showed significant positive effects of serum type (bovine serum) and mitogenic factor (addition of 10 ng/mL bFGF) on the proliferation rate. In turn, qPCR analysis displayed no significant differences in the relative expression level of Pax7 genes and MRF factors for both factors. However, a statistically higher Pax7 and Myf5 gene expression level was revealed when a low glucose medium was used (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the components of the medium, such as bovine serum and the addition of a mitogenic factor at the level of 10 ng/mL, ensure a higher proliferation rate of BSCs and lower glucose content ensured the expression of crucial genes in the self-renewal of the satellite cell population.

Climate change is causing a decline in the availability of crucial resources such as water and fertile soil, leading to a detrimental impact on crop yields. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), an annual aromatic plant used worldwide for culinary, cosmetic, and medicinal purposes, is especially at risk due to its high water demand and specific growing requirements typical of the Mediterranean climate. In Italy, basil is an essential part of any herb garden and is also commonly found in households as a potted plant. Nowadays, the conventional practice of growing basil in pots with peat as the primary medium is not environmentally sustainable, which underscores the need for alternative and sustainable cultivation techniques to ensure the continued growth of this majestic king of herbs. A greenhouse factorial experiment was conducted to study the impact of peat replacement and reduced water supply on the growth and biochemical traits of basil plants. The study included two cultivars (‘Genovese’ and ‘Valentino’), three substrate mixes with phytoremediated dredged sediment (TS) at varying volume percentages (0%, 12.5%, and 25%), and three levels of water irrigation (normal, reduced by 25%, and reduced by 37.8%). Increasing the TS percentage resulted in higher germination rates and greater biomass production in both cultivars compared with the control. ‘Valentino’ potted plants produced a higher yield than those of ‘Genovese’, while the latter had higher pigment contents due to its genetic characteristics. All combinations of substrates mixed with the highest water amounts of irrigation positively impacted seed germination and biomass-based outputs, while control peat with reduced water availability led to lower plant yields and germination capacity. Substrates with TS had suitable physicochemical characteristics for plant development. Our findings suggest that using peat–TS mixtures can produce quality results comparable to or even better than conventional soilless culture using only peat. Thus, replacing peat with moderate percentages of TS can be an effective and sustainable practice for recycling phytoremediated sediments.

The present study was performed to improve the technique used for fermenting the mushroom growth medium. Taxonomic analysis of 16S rDNA sequence from the predominant Bacillus strain CY-24 isolated during the fermentation phase of the rice straw medium identified it as Bacillus licheniformis. In addition, the growth environment of B. licheniformis was also examined in this study, which revealed the optimal growth temperature and pH to be 30 ℃ and 6.0, respectively. This study also revealed that carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) and polygalacturonase (PGase) enzymes isolated from B. licheniformis achieved their maximal activities at 50 ℃ and 60 ℃ respectively. Furthermore, the study confirmed that the two enzymes, i.e., CMCase and PGase in B. licheniformis are stable at temperatures above 60 ℃. The present study thus demonstrates that B. licheniformis CY-24 possesses excellent enzymatic properties. It also reveals that the action of enzymes during the production of growth mediums used for the cultivation of mushrooms is closely associated with the promotion of fermentation and softening of the rice straw. Overall, this study provides elementary information regarding the role of B. licheniformis enzymes during growth medium fermentation for Agaricus bisporus cultivation.

Microalgae are a source material in food, pharmacy, and cosmetics industries for producing various products including high-protein nutritional supplements, synthetic pharmaceuticals, and natural colors. A promising algal source for such productions is Chlorella vulgaris which contains a considerable protein content. Similar to other microalgae, its desirability is minimal nutrient requirements since they are unicellular, photosynthetic, and fast-growing microorganisms. Another propitious option to be produced by C. vulgaris is biodiesel, since it is rich in oil too. Besides, algal well thriving in presence of increased amount of carbon dioxide makes them a practicable alternative biofuel resource without some problems of the traditional ones. At the same time, C. vulgaris is also a promising source for nutraceuticals such as amino acids, vitamins, and antioxidants. This review aims to discuss the conditions need to be observed for achieving a favorable growth efficiency of the C. vulgaris, as well as targeted productions such as biomass, antioxidant, and biofuel. Additionally, different approaches to induce any specific production are also considered comprehensively.

This study explores the production of prebiotic xylooligosaccharide (XOS) from cassava pulp waste and its effectiveness for the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus). We successfully produced and characterized XOS from cassava pulp xylan using a Bacillus sp. endo-β-1,4-D-xylanase. The XOS was added to modify the MRS medium (MRSm) in various concentrations (0, 1, 3 and 5%) in which the L. acidophilus was inoculated. The growth of L. acidophilus was observed every 12 h for 2 days, and the fermentation products were analyzed for pH, sugar content, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in terms of types and amount. The study showed that L. acidophilus grew well in MRSm. The optimum XOS concentration in MRSm was 5%, indicated by the highest growth of L. acidophilus (8.61 log CFU mL−1). The profile of SCFA products is 14.42 mM acetic acid, 0.25 mM propionic acid, 0.13 mM isobutyric acid, 0.41 mM n-butyric acid, 0.02 mM n-valeric acid, 0.25 mM isovaleric acid, and 25.08 mM lactic acid.

Асякина Людмила Константиновна, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры био- нанотехнологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный университет» (г. Кемерово), https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4988-8197, alk_kem@mail.ru Дышлюк Любовь Сергеевна, доктор технических наук, доцент кафедры бионанотехно- логии, ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный университет» (г. Кемерово), https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7333-8411 Позднякова Анна Владимировна, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры биона- нотехнологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный университет» (г. Кемерово). Просеков Александр Юрьевич, доктор технических наук, профессор РАН, заведующий кафедрой бионанотехнологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный университет» (г. Кемерово), https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5630-3196 Lyudmila K. Asyakina, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Bionanotechnology, Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4988-8197, alk_kem@mail.ru Lyubov S. Dyshlyuk, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Bionanotechnology, Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7333-8411 Anna V. Pozdnyakova, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Bionanotechnology, Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo. Alexander Yu. Prosekov, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Bionanotechnology, Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5630-3196 Получение биологически активных веществ из лекарственных растений на сегодняшний день является актуальной задачей. Пути получения данных веществ разнообразны. В данной статье рассматривается аппаратурное выращивание суспензионных культур клеток и корневых культур in vitro шлемника байкальского и шлемника андрахновидного в биореакторах. Для культивирования предложены: жидкофазный биореактор колонного типа с механическим перемешиванием (скорость перемешивания 50 об./мин), рабочий объем 30 л; жидкофазный биореактор колонного типа с барботажем (пробулькивание стерильных воздуха или газовой смеси, подаваемых снизу), рабочий объем 50 л; жидкофазный биореактор барабанного типа, рабочий объем 100 л; газофазный биореактор туманного типа (диаметр капель питательной среды 20–25 мкм), рабочий объем 30 л; газофазный биореактор дождевального типа (диаметр капель питательной среды 500 мкм), рабочий объем 30 л. Были получены данные о том, что выращивание суспензионных культур шлемника андрахновидного и шлемника байкальского наилучшим способом при использование жидкофазного биореактора колонного типа с барботажем, поскольку в данном случае достигаются максимальные значения индекса роста, удельной скорости роста и экономического коэффициента, а также суммарного содержания основных биохимических соединений. В корневой культуре шлемника байкальского, выращенного в газофазных биореакторах туманного и дождевального типа, зафиксировано максимальное содержание основных биохимических соединений. Для корневой культуры шлемника андрахновидного наибольшее содержание биохимических соединений отмечено при культивировании в газофазном биореакторе туманного типа. The production of biologically active substances from medicinal plants is currently an urgent task. The ways of obtaining these substances are varied. This article discusses the instrumental cultivation of suspension cultures of cells and root cultures in vitro in bioreactors of scutellaria baicalensis and scutellaria andrachnoides. For cultivation the following are offered: liquid-phase column-type bioreactor with mechanical stirring (stirring speed 50 rpm), working volume 30 l; liquid-phase column-type bioreactor with bubbling (bubbling of sterile air or gas mixture supplied from below), working volume 50 l; drum-type liquid-phase bioreactor, working volume 100 l; fog-type gas-phase bioreactor (diameter of nutrient medium droplets 20–25 microns), working volume 30 l; sprinkler-type gas-phase bioreactor (diameter of nutrient medium droplets 500 microns), working volume 30 liters. Data were obtained that the cultivation of suspension cultures of scutellaria andrachnoides and scutellaria baicalensis is the use of a liquid-phase column-type bioreactor with a bubble gum, since in this case the maximum values of the growth index, specific growth rate and economic coefficient, as well as the total content of the main biochemical compounds. In the root culture of scutellaria baicalensis, grown in gas-phase bioreactors of the fog and sprinkler type, the maximum content of the main biochemical compounds was recorded. For the root culture of scutellaria andrachnoides, the highest content of biochemical compounds was noted during cultivation in a fog-type gas-phase bioreactor. Работы выполняются в рамках государственного задания по теме «Скрининг биологически активных веществ растительного происхождения, обладающих геропротекторными свойствами, и разработка технологии получения нутрицевтиков, замедляющих старение» (номер темы FZSR-2020-0006).

Human induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (hiPSC) models are a valuable new tool for research into neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroinflammation is now recognized as a key process in neurodegenerative disease and aging, and microglia are central players in this. A plethora of hiPSC-derived microglial models have been published recently to explore neuroinflammation, ranging from monoculture through to xenotransplantation. However, combining physiological relevance, reproducibility, and scalability into one model is still a challenge. We examine key features of the in vitro microglial environment, especially media composition, extracellular matrix, and co-culture, to identify areas for improvement in current hiPSC-microglia models.

Microalgae are a source material in food, pharmacy, and cosmetics industries for producing various products including high-protein nutritional supplements, synthetic pharmaceuticals, and natural colors. A promising algal source for such productions is Chlorella vulgaris which contains a considerable protein content. Similar to other microalgae, its desirability is minimal nutrient requirements since they are unicellular, photosynthetic, and fast-growing microorganisms. Another propitious option to be produced by C. vulgaris is biodiesel, since it is rich in oil too. Besides, algal well thriving in presence of increased amount of carbon dioxide makes them a practicable alternative biofuel resource without some problems of the traditional ones. At the same time, C. vulgaris is also a promising source for nutraceuticals such as amino acids, vitamins, and antioxidants. This review aims to discuss the conditions need to be observed for achieving a favorable growth efficiency of the C. vulgaris, as well as targeted productions such as biomass, antioxidant, and biofuel. Additionally, different approaches to induce any specific production are also considered comprehensively.

The analysis relationship of Spirulina sp medium with chemical composition has been conducted. Chemical analysis was performed using X-Ray Fluorescence analysis. Furthermore, potention of Spirulina sp as adsorbent of metal ions was analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy. The results showed that metals such as Zn, Fe, Mn, Ca, Cu, and Mo were mainly metals in Spirulina sp. These metals were not correlated with cultivated medium of Spirulina sp. Analysis of potention Spirulina sp as metal ions adsorbent showed that Spirulina sp has functional groups –C=O and –OH as ligand. Intercation of metal ions Cu(II) and Cr(III) with Spirulina sp indicated that metal ions bond to –C=O functional group.

Studies on the growth and yield performance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. variety of Dewata) planted in polybag with various populations and media compositions, had been conducted in Faculty of Agriculture Satya Wacana Christian University field research, located at Salaran – Kopeng village, Semarang district, from April 2012 to August 2012. Location of the study lies at an altitude of 900 meters above the sea level. Purpose of this study were to determine the appearance of both the growth and yield of wheat grown in polybag with a various population densities and media composition, as well as to determine the combination of treatments that producing the highest yield of wheat. Factorial design used that was consisted of two factors, i.e: (1) growing gedia composition with four different volume ratio of sand, soil and manure (1:1:1), (1:1:0), (1:0:1) and (0:1:1), and (2) population densities consisted of four: 1 seeds per polybag; 2 seeds per polybag; 3 seeds per polybag and 4 seeds per polybag, so that there were 16 combinations of treatments. Each combination was repeated three times. Basic design of the experiments used Randomized Block Design. Experimental data were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and high significant difference (HSD) test at 95% level of confidence. The conclusion of this study were: (1) Combination of treatment of population densities and composition of growing media influence on plant height, number of plants per cluster, panicle length, seed weight per panicle, seed weight per cluster and seed weight per polybag and (2) the highest seed weight per polybag was resulted in the density of population of 4 seeds per polybag and planting on mixed media of sand, soil and manure in the volume ratio of 1:1:1. Keywords: wheat, population, media composition, polybag

Nutrients media (Murashige & Skoog, Hoagland & Arnon and White's media) supplemented or not with sucrose and substrates (vermiculite, agar and natrosol) were tested for their effects on plant development and root colonization of micropropagated sweet potato, cv. White Star, by Glomus etunicatum Becker & Gerdemann (isolate INVAM FL S329). Addition of sucrose (3%) did not affect plant development. However, hyphal growth and root colonization were depressed. Contrasting responses to media nutrient concentration were observed for plant height, root colonization, and hyphal growth. The highest concentration of nutrients in Murashige & Skoog medium improved plant development, but this medium decreased hypha growth and inhibited root colonization. Plants growing in vermiculite substrate had higher (p£0.05) development and mycorrhizal root colonization than those growing in agar or natrosol. The results indicate that colonization of micropropagated sweet potato by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is affected by media composition and type of substrate. Os meios de Murashige e Skoog, Hoagland, Arnon e White, suplementados ou não com sacorose, e tendo como substratos vermiculita, ágar ou natrosol foram utilizados para avaliar seus efeitos sobre o desenvolvimento da batata doce, c.v. White Star, e sua colonização por Glomus etunicatum Becker & Gerd. (isolado INVAM FL S329). A adição de sacorose (3%) ao meio não afetou o desenvolvimento da planta, porém reduziu o crescimento das hifas de G. etunicatum e a colonização das raízes. A concentração de nutrientes dos meios utilizados mostrou efeitos contrastantes entre altura da planta, crescimento das hifas e colonização das raízes por G. etunicatum. A alta concentração de nutrientes no meio Murashige e Skoog estimulou o crescimento das plantas, reduziu o desenvolvimento das hifas e inibiu a colonização das raízes pelo fungo micorrízico. Plantas desenvolvidas em vermiculita mostraram maior desenvolvimento e maior colonização das raízes que as desenvolvidas em agar ou natrosol. Os resultados indicam que o desenvolvimento e a colonização "in vitro" da batata doce micropropagada é afetada pela composição do meio e pelo tipo de substrato.

Nutrients media (Murashige & Skoog, Hoagland & Arnon and White's media) supplemented or not with sucrose and substrates (vermiculite, agar and natrosol) were tested for their effects on plant development and root colonization of micropropagated sweet potato, cv. White Star, by Glomus etunicatum Becker & Gerdemann (isolate INVAM FL S329). Addition of sucrose (3%) did not affect plant development. However, hyphal growth and root colonization were depressed. Contrasting responses to media nutrient concentration were observed for plant height, root colonization, and hyphal growth. The highest concentration of nutrients in Murashige & Skoog medium improved plant development, but this medium decreased hypha growth and inhibited root colonization. Plants growing in vermiculite substrate had higher (p£0.05) development and mycorrhizal root colonization than those growing in agar or natrosol. The results indicate that colonization of micropropagated sweet potato by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is affected by media composition and type of substrate.Os meios de Murashige e Skoog, Hoagland, Arnon e White, suplementados ou não com sacorose, e tendo como substratos vermiculita, ágar ou natrosol foram utilizados para avaliar seus efeitos sobre o desenvolvimento da batata doce, c.v. White Star, e sua colonização por Glomus etunicatum Becker & Gerd. (isolado INVAM FL S329). A adição de sacorose (3%) ao meio não afetou o desenvolvimento da planta, porém reduziu o crescimento das hifas de G. etunicatum e a colonização das raízes. A concentração de nutrientes dos meios utilizados mostrou efeitos contrastantes entre altura da planta, crescimento das hifas e colonização das raízes por G. etunicatum. A alta concentração de nutrientes no meio Murashige e Skoog estimulou o crescimento das plantas, reduziu o desenvolvimento das hifas e inibiu a colonização das raízes pelo fungo micorrízico. Plantas desenvolvidas em vermiculita mostraram maior desenvolvimento e maior colonização das raízes que as desenvolvidas em agar ou natrosol. Os resultados indicam que o desenvolvimento e a colonização "in vitro" da batata doce micropropagada é afetada pela composição do meio e pelo tipo de substrato.

Sansevieria is an ornamental plant commonly known as mother-in-law's tongue, devil's tongue, and snake tongue. It has many functions e.g. uses as medicine, its fiber for the textile industry, and as indoor air pollutants absorber. However, the growth of Sansevieria is slow. Therefore the supply of it seeds in large quantities in the short time was difficult. The use of Plant Growth Regulator (PGR) was one solution to accelerate the propagation of Sansevieria leaf cuttings. This study aimed to determine the concentration of IBA and the composition of media to increase the leaf cuttings propagation of Sansevieria cylindrica var. patula. The method was randomized block design with factorials. Factor I was the IBA concentrations comprised of K0 at 0 ppm, K1 at 50 ppm, K2 at 100 ppm, K3 at 150 ppm, and K4 at 200 ppm. Factor II was the ratio of manure:sand:rice-husk-ash as the growth media, comprised of M1 with 1:1:1 ratio, M2 with 1:2:1 ratio, and M3 with 1:1:2 ratio respectively. Each with three replicates overall was 45 experimental units. The parameters observed were a percentage of propagated cuttings, the number of roots, the longest length of roots, the number of shoots. The results showed the IBA could not increase the growth of cuttings in all media composition; however media compositions could enhance the number of shoots. The effective media composition propagated the cuttings was the M1 a 1:1:1 ratio of manure:sand:rice-husk-ash.

The effect of several media components on the germination percentage of ovules in intraspecific T. gesneriana L. crosses was studied by using two embryo rescue techniques, viz. ovary-slice culture followed by ovule culture and direct ovule culture. The addition of 9% sucrose to medium for ovary-slice culture, started at 3 or at 5 weeks after pollination (WAP), significantly improved the germination percentage as compared to 5% sucrose. The germination percentage did not differ between both sucrose concentrations (3% and 5%) used in ovule culture started 4 weeks later with ovules excised from the ovary-slices (at 9 WAP). Similar germination percentages were obtained with media containing the full or half of the concentrations of micronutrients and macronutrients of the MS-medium during ovary-slice culture and ovule culture. For direct ovule culture, started at 4, at 6, and at 8 WAP, the germination percentages did not differ between ovules cultured on media with 3%, 6% or 9% sucrose. The addition of the cytokinin BAP (0.01 or 0.1 mg l-1) had no effect on the germination percentage. The use of liquid-shaken culture resulted in germination percentages which were similar to those on agar-solidified media. Analysis of the carbohydrate concentration of the media revealed that, in both media for ovary-slice culture and for ovule culture, ultimately all sucrose is converted into glucose and fructose. The total concentration of carbohydrates decreased with 19%–48% in the media for ovary-slice culture, whereas the total concentration of carbohydrates did not decrease remarkably in media for ovule culture.

The production of doubled haploid (DH) plants from microspores is an important technique used in plant breeding programs and basic research. Although doubled haploidy efficiencies in wheat and barley are sufficient for breeding purposes, oat (Avena sativa L.) is considered recalcitrant. The objective of this project was to develop a protocol for the production of microspore-derived embryos of oat and further develop these embryos into fertile DH plants. A number of experiments were conducted evaluating the factors influencing microspore embryogenesis, i.e. donor plant conditions, pretreatments, media composition, and culture conditions. The initial studies yielded little response, and it was not until high microspore densities (106 microspores/mL and greater) were used that embryogenesis was achieved. Depending on the treatment, yields of over 5,000 embryos/106 microspores were obtained for breeding line 2000QiON43. The doubled haploidy protocol includes: a 0.3 M mannitol pretreatment of the tillers for 7 days, culture in W14 basal medium with a pH of 6.5–7.5, a microspore density of 106 microspores/mL, and continuous incubation at 28 °C incubation. The resulting embryos observed after 28 days were plated onto solidified W14 medium with 0.8 or 1.0 g/L activated charcoal. A colchicine treatment of 0.2 % colchicine for 4 h resulted in conversion of 80 % of the plants from haploid to DH. This protocol was successful for the production of oat microspore-derived embryos and DH green plants with minimal albinism. DH seed was produced and planted for evaluation in a field nursery.

Study aim is to study endogenic and exogenic factors preconditioning morphogenesis of linseed flax in vitro. Linseed flax studies in vitro were carried out at the Laboratory of Genetic – Biotechnological of Lithuanian University of Agriculture in 2004-2006. Factors which influence morphogenetic capability of linseed flax cultivars ‘Lirina’, ‘Barbara’ and ‘Szaphir’ in tissue culture were investigated. Two different types of explants – stem segments and hypocotyls – of the three genotypes were cultivated in nutrient media differing in their macro and micro salts concentration, vitamins and different levels of growth regulators. Our results showed that intensity of morphogenesis was affected not only by exogenous growth regulators, but also by the type of explant and genotype. Hypocotyls-derived callus gave the better results than that stem-segment-derived callus on all tested media. Four-weeks-old callus showed the maximum shoot regeneration frequency. The best morphogenetic capabilities were demonstrated for cultivar ‘Szaphir’. The largest number of shoots was produced by all the cultivars on MSB5 nutrient medium supplemented with cytokinin 2iP (2.0 mg 1-1). The master’s final work comprises 50 pages, including 3 tables, 10 figures and 66 literature references.

The effect of several media components on the germination percentage of ovules in intraspecific T. gesneriana L. crosses was studied by using two embryo rescue techniques, viz. ovary-slice culture followed by ovule culture and direct ovule culture. The addition of 9% sucrose to medium for ovary-slice culture, started at 3 or at 5 weeks after pollination (WAP), significantly improved the germination percentage as compared to 5% sucrose. The germination percentage did not differ between both sucrose concentrations (3% and 5%) used in ovule culture started 4 weeks later with ovules excised from the ovary-slices (at 9 WAP). Similar germination percentages were obtained with media containing the full or half of the concentrations of micronutrients and macronutrients of the MS-medium during ovary-slice culture and ovule culture. For direct ovule culture, started at 4, at 6, and at 8 WAP, the germination percentages did not differ between ovules cultured on media with 3%, 6% or 9% sucrose. The addition of the cytokinin BAP (0.01 or 0.1 mg l-1) had no effect on the germination percentage. The use of liquid-shaken culture resulted in germination percentages which were similar to those on agar-solidified media. Analysis of the carbohydrate concentration of the media revealed that, in both media for ovary-slice culture and for ovule culture, ultimately all sucrose is converted into glucose and fructose. The total concentration of carbohydrates decreased with 19%–48% in the media for ovary-slice culture, whereas the total concentration of carbohydrates did not decrease remarkably in media for ovule culture.

The red ginger (Zingiber officinale. Rosc.) is an annual herbaceous plant of high economic value, with a harvest of 10-12 months. The export demand of red ginger rhizome has increased up to 20-22% for the last five years and it has not been able to be sufficed by the red ginger producers in Indonesia. This situation happens because of the very limited amount of red ginger production area, a still very conventional method of red ginger cultivation and the low quantity of organic substances in the soil. Other than that the use of expensive inorganic fertilizers often increases the production cost of red ginger, besides from being unsafe to both the environment and also the health of humans. Various technological breakthrough innovations have been done in order to meet the needs of red ginger export, one of which is the use of the polybag cultivation system which utilizes the organic waste as a media composition. The combination of organic substances with the application of liquid organic fertilizers was expected to increase and improve the growth and yield of red ginger rhizome. The research was conducted at Agrotechnopark experimental field Jember University from January 2013 until June 2014. The aim of field experiment was to find out the effect of media compositions and organic fertilizer concentrations on growth and yield of red ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale. Rosc.). The field experiment factorials (3x4) used in randomized block designs with three replications. The first factor is the media compositions (bokashi: charcoal husk: coco peat) consisting of three levels: M1 (40%: 30%: 30%), M2 (50%:25%: 25%), and M3 (60%: 20%: 20%) and the second factor being the organic fertilizer concentration consisting of four levels: P1 (0 cc/l), P2(1.5 cc/l), P3 (3 cc/l), and P3 (4.5 cc/l). The results of this study concluded that a single factor of various composition media (M) was not significantly influence on all the parameters of growth and yield of red ginger rhizome. The single factor of concentrations of liquid organic fertilizer (P) and the interaction of two factors treatments (MP) was significantly influence on all parameters of the growth and yield of red ginger rhizome. The combination of treatments (M3P3) gave the best response to all parameters: plant height (58.8 cm), number of leaves (25.2), number of buds (35.6), rhizome fresh weight per plant (2329.64 g), total biomass (258.14 g), zingeron level (1.88%) and oleoresin level (1.57%).