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In the present paper we are study of Matsumoto space on the projective algebra and Lie Algebra of the projective group. The projective Algebra of Matsumoto space is characterized as certain Lie sub algebra of the projective algebra. Further, which is devoted to studying the condition of Finsler space of constant flag curvature and vanishing S curvature admits a non Riemannian space of affine projective vector field with Matsumoto metric is Berwald space.

Enicospilus aequiscleritalis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F19AB739-65D9-4AF1-93AA-00421899EF8F Fig. 6 Diagnosis Interocellar area black; clypeus convex, ventral margin acute; mandible short, twisted 80°–85°, outer surface without a diagonal setose groove; fore wing fenestra with proximal, central and distal sclerites, central sclerite elongate, of nearly similar size and shape to proximal sclerite; mesopleuron puncto-striate to finely striate; metapleuron coriaceous to finely striate. Differential diagnosis The new species can be distinguished from E. xanthocephalus Cameron, 1905 by the acute ventral margin of the clypeus, the proximal sclerite joining the proximal margin of fenestra, the larger central sclerite, and the presence of a distal sclerite joining the proximal sclerite. Etymology The Latin adjective ʻ aequus ʼ means ʻthe sameʼ. Combined with the sclerite, the specific epithet ʻ aequiscleritalis ʼ referred to the similar size and shape of the proximal and central sclerites. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♀; Hoa Binh Province, Yen Thuy, Lac Thinh; 15–30 Aug. 2002; Khuat D.L leg.; Malaise trap; IEBR. Paratypes VIETNAM • 1 ♀; same collection data as holotype; 1–10 Apr. 2002; IEBR • 1 ♀; same collection data as holotype; 1–10 Sep. 2002; IEBR • 1 ♀; same collection data as holotype; 1–10 Oct. 2002; IEBR • 1 ♀; Hoa Binh Province, Yen Thuy, Da Phuc; 10–20 Nov. 2003; Khuat D.L. leg.; Malaise trap; IEBR • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 20–30 Nov. 2003; IEBR • 1 ♀; Hanoi, Chuong My, Thuy Xuan Tien; 20.8833° N, 105.5765° E; 30 Apr. 2019; Nguyen D.H. leg.; Malaise trap; IEBR. Description Female (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 11.3 mm, fore wing length 9.8 mm. HEAD with FI = 0.6, GOI = 3.0 (Fig. 6d). Lower face 0.7× as wide as high, moderately shiny (Fig. 6b). Clypeus 1.4 × as wide as high, convex in profile, shiny, ventral margin acute (Fig. 6b). Malar space 0.3× as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 6b). Mandible twisted by ca 85°, short, strongly narrowed apically, outer surface without diagonal setose groove (Fig. 6b). Upper tooth of mandible about 1.2 × as long as lower tooth (Fig. 6b). Frons and vertex shiny, gena shiny with fine setae (Fig. 6c). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 6c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 0.7× basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna with 43 flagellomeres; F1 1.7× as long as F2; F20 2.2 × as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny (Fig. 6e). Pronotum finely striate medially (Fig. 6e). Mesoscutum 1.5 × as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notaulus absent. Scutellum moderately convex, shiny with small punctures anteriorly, posteriorly with several rugae, lateral longitudinal carinae present along entire length of scutellum. Epicnemium matt, densely punctate (Fig. 6e). Epicnemial carina moderately strong, present on ventral half of mesopleuron, dorsal end weakly bent towards anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 6e). Mesopleuron finely striate ventrally, dorsally finely punctate (Fig. 6e). Submetapleural carina broadened anteriorly (Fig. 6e). Metapleuron finely striate dorsally (Fig. 6e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area shiny, with several rugae; spiracular area smooth; posterior area with concentric fine striae; propodeal spiracle elliptical and joining pleural carina by ridge (Fig. 6e). WINGS (Fig. 6f). Fore wing with AI = 1.5, CI = 0.33, DI = 0.43, ICI = 0.31, SDI = 0.97, SI = 0.26, SRI = 0.30; vein 1m-cu&M strongly arcuate; vein 2r&RS weakly sinuous; vein RS strongly curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 6f; proximal sclerite elongate, strongly pigmented, confluent with weak distal sclerite; central sclerite elongate, positioned at posterodistal area of fenestra; proximal corner of marginal cell evenly setose; posterodistal corner of second discal cell ca 85° and of subbasal cell ca 90°; vein 1cu-a interstitial to M&RS. Hind wing with NI = 2.1; vein RS straight; vein RA with 5 uniform hamuli on right wing and with 6 uniform hamuli on left wing. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.6× as long as high; basitarsus 1.9× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 2.2× as long as wide; tarsal claw with proximal pecten longer than distal ones. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.3, PI = 2.7, THI = 3.6; thyridium oval; ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior height of metasoma. COLOUR (Fig. 6a). Reddish brown except for apex of mandible and interocellar area black, and metasoma from T5 onwards brown. Wings hyaline; sclerites pigmented and amber; veins dark brown, pterostigma reddish brown. Variation in female Antenna with 43–45 flagellomeres. Fore wing length 7.7–11.0 mm, AI = 1.55–2.38, CI= 0.26–0.33, DI = 0.42–0.46, ICI = 0.26–0.34, SDI = 1.02–1.09, SI = 0.23–0.26, SRI = 0.32–0.33. Hind wing with NI = 1.70–2.50. Mesosoma with mesoscutum entirely reddish brown sometimes with blackish marking in front of scuto-scutellar groove. Metasoma from T5 onwards brown to black. Male Unknown. Distribution Currently known from Hoa Binh Province in the northwest and Hanoi City in the Red River Delta of Vietnam., Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Pham, Phu Van, Matsumoto, Rikio, Shimizu, So & Broad, Gavin R., 2023, A review of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae) from Vietnam, with descriptions of ten new species, pp. 1-151 in European Journal of Taxonomy 873 (1) on pages 19-21, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.873.2133, http://zenodo.org/record/8038022

Enicospilus circuliscleritalis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D21A2F3C-3395-4F62-8DE4-6B61F62453EB Fig. 17 Diagnosis Interocellar area black; clypeus convex, ventral margin blunt; mandible twisted ca 20°, outer surface without a diagonal setose groove; fore wing marginal cell darkened proximally, fenestra with proximal and distal sclerites present, proximal sclerite moderately large, strongly pigmented, nearly round, separated from vein 2r&RS by less than its maximum width, SDI = 0.7; hind tarsal claws with distal pecten projecting beyond apical tooth. Differential diagnosis The new species can be distinguished from E. bakerielli Gauld & Mitchell, 1981 by its black interocellar area (usually testaceous in E. bakerielli but variable), and mandible outer surface without a diagonal setose groove or tuft of long setae. The fore wing of E. circuliscleritalis sp. nov. lacks darkened patches between the proximal and distal sclerites, differing from Vietnamese specimens identified as E. bakerielli (see above, under E. bakerielli). The new species can be recognized from E. trui sp. nov. by its larger proximal sclerite and the distance from the proximal sclerite to vein 2r&RS less than its maximum diameter, as mentioned in the key. Etymology The specific epithet ‘ circuliscleritalis ʼ means ‘circle-shaped scleriteʼ, referring to the nearly round shape of the proximal sclerite. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♂; Cao Bang Province, Trung Khanh, Tra Linh; 22°45′29.89″ N, 106°17′47.10″ E; 640 m a.s.l.; 17 Oct. 2018; Pham V.P. leg.; light trap; IEBR. Description Male (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 14.6 mm and fore wing length 9.3 mm. HEAD with FI = 0.5, GOI = 4.2 (Fig. 17d). Lower face 0.7× as wide as high, moderately shiny, densely and finely punctate (Fig. 17b). Clypeus 1.4 × as wide as high, convex in profile, finely punctate, except ventral 0.2 smooth, impunctate, ventral margin blunt (Fig. 17b). Malar space 0.2 × as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 17b). Mandible twisted by ca 20°, moderately long, evenly narrowed, outer surface without diagonal setose groove (Fig. 17b). Upper tooth of mandible about 1.4× as long as lower tooth (Fig. 17b). Frons coriaceous, vertex shiny, with sparse setae (Fig. 17c). Gena moderately shiny, with dense fine setae (Fig. 17d). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 17c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 0.7 × basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna with 52 flagellomeres; F1 1.72 × as long as F2; F20 2.5× as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny (Fig. 17e). Pronotum finely striate (Fig. 17e). Mesoscutum 1.4× as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notaulus absent. Scutellum moderately convex, punctate anteriorly, with rugae posteriorly, lateral longitudinal carinae present along entire length of scutellum. Epicnemium densely punctate (Fig. 17e). Epicnemial carina moderately strong, present on ventral half of mesopleuron, dorsal end bent towards anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 17e). Mesopleuron densely punctate dorsally, ventrally puncto-striate (Fig. 17e). Submetapleural carina slightly broadened anteriorly (Fig. 17e). Metapleuron matt, densely rugose (Fig. 17e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area punctate; spiracular area smooth; posterior area rugose; propodeal spiracle elliptical and not joined to pleural carina by ridge (Fig. 17e). WINGS (Fig. 17f). Fore wing with AI = 1.0, CI = 0.25, DI = 0.47, ICI = 0.21, SDI = 0.7, SI = 0.19, SRI = 0.49; vein 1m-cu&M evenly arcuate; proximal 0.7 of vein 2r&RS strongly sinuate and thickened, abruptly narrowed and straight distally; vein RS strongly curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 17f; proximal sclerite extremely strong, nearly round in shape; distal sclerite strongly pigmented, not connecting to proximal sclerite; proximal corner of marginal cell evenly setose; posterodistal corner of second discal cell ca 90° and of subbasal cell ca 60°; vein 1cu-a antefurcal to M&RS by 0.3 × length of 1cu-a. Hind wing with NI = 3.1; vein RS relatively straight; vein RA with 5 uniform hamuli. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.6× as long as high; basitarsus 1.9× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 2.6× as long as wide; tarsal claws with distal pecten projecting beyond apical tooth. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.2, PI = 3.1, THI = 5.0; thyridium oval; S4–8 with dense tuft of long setae on posterior margins. COLOUR (Fig. 17a). Reddish brown with many black markings as follows: apex of mandible, median line of face extending ventrally to entire clypeus and dorsally to frons, interocellar area, ventral half of gena and occiput, mesosoma (except prothorax), metasoma from T4 onwards (except a yellow spot on T4 dorsally). Wings hyaline with darkened area at proximal corner of marginal cell, sclerites dark brown, veins reddish brown to dark brown, pterostigma black. Female Unknown. Distribution Currently known only from the holotype collected in Cao Bang Province, Northeast Vietnam., Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Pham, Phu Van, Matsumoto, Rikio, Shimizu, So & Broad, Gavin R., 2023, A review of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae) from Vietnam, with descriptions of ten new species, pp. 1-151 in European Journal of Taxonomy 873 (1) on pages 39-41, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.873.2133, http://zenodo.org/record/8038022, {"references":["Gauld I. D. & Mitchell P. A. 1981. The Taxonomy, Distribution and Host Preferences of Indo-Papuan Parasitic Wasps of the Subfamily Ophioninae. CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London."]}

Enicospilus tuani sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5D3480D5-2721-47A5-943C-1EA2025B9ECF Fig. 79 Diagnosis Interocellar area yellowish brown; clypeus weakly convex, ventral margin acute; mandible short, twisted ca 50°, outer surface without a diagonal setose groove, upper tooth about 1.5 × longer than the lower tooth; fore wing darkened anteriorly, fenestra with proximal, central and distal sclerites present, central sclerite oval, its maximum diameter less than its distance from vein 2r&RS; mesoscutum posteriorly black. Differential diagnosis The new species resembles E. acutus Shimizu, 2020 in general colour pattern. It can be recognized from the latter by the less twisted mandible (50° vs 80–85°), longer antenna (63 flagellomeres vs 53–55), smaller AI (0.61 vs 0.98–1.11), greater ICI (0.77 vs 0.46–0.53) and with more hamuli on hind wing vein RA (9 hamuli vs 5–7). Etymology Named after Mr Nguyen Van Tuan who collected the holotype specimen. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♀; Gia Lai Province, Kon Chu Rang NP; 27 May 2019; Nguyen V.T. leg.; light trap; IEBR. Paratype VIETNAM • 1 ♀; Quang Nam Province, Tay Giang, TrʼHy; 10 Jul. 2019; Phan Q.T. leg.; light trap; IEBR. Description Female (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 25.5 mm, fore wing length 19.6 mm. HEAD with FI = 0.7, GOI = 2.9 (Fig. 79d). Lower face 0.7 × as wide as high, shiny (Fig. 79b). Clypeus 1.6× as wide as high, weakly convex in profile, coriaceous, ventral margin acute (Fig. 79b). Malar space 0.2× as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 79b). Mandible twisted by ca 50°, moderately long, evenly narrowed, outer surface without diagonal setose groove (Fig. 79b). Upper tooth of mandible about 1.5× as long as lower tooth (Fig. 79b). Frons and vertex smooth, vertex with sparse setae, gena shiny, with fine setae (Fig. 79c–d). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 79c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 0.9× basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna with 63 flagellomeres; F1 1.8× as long as F2; F20 2.4 × as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny with setae (Fig. 79e). Pronotum wrinkled (Fig. 79e). Mesoscutum 1.4× as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notauli absent. Scutellum strongly convex, punctate anteriorly, with transverse striae medially, posteriorly wrinkled, lateral longitudinal carinae present along entire length of scutellum. Epicnemium matt, densely punctate (Fig. 79e). Epicnemial carina moderately strong, dorsal end bent towards and almost reching anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 79e). Mesopleuron striate (Fig. 79e). Submetapleural carina broadened anteriorly (Fig. 79e). Metapleuron strigose (Fig. 79e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area longitudinally striate; spiracular area smooth; posterior area concentrically striate; propodeal spiracle elliptical and joining pleural carina by ridge (Fig. 79e). WINGS (Fig. 79f). Fore wing with AI = 0.61, CI = 0.31, DI = 0.30, ICI = 0.77, SDI = 1.35, SI = 0.14, SRI = 0.19; vein 1m-cu&M sinuate; vein 2r&RS slightly sinuate; vein RS curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 79f; proximal sclerite triangular, not confluent with distal sclerite, strongly pigmented; central sclerite oval, pigmented, positioned in center of fenestra; distal sclerite pigmented; proximal corner of marginal cell evenly setose; posterodistal corner of second discal cell ca 95° and that of subbasal cell ca 90°; vein 1cu-a antefurcal to M&RS by 0.3× length of 1cu-a. Hind wing with NI = 3.8; vein RS slightly curved; vein RA with 9 uniform hamuli. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.6× as long as high; basitarsus 2.0× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 1.8× as long as wide; tarsal claw simply pectinate. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.4, PI = 2.7, THI = 4.5; thyridium oval; ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior height of metasoma. COLOUR (Fig. 79a). Reddish brown except for apex of mandible, posterior half of mesoscutum, tegula and metasoma from T3 onwards black. Wing darkened anteriorly; sclerites pigmented and amber; veins brown to black, pterostigma black. Variation in female Fore wing AI = 0.56, CI = 0.33, ICI = 0.79, SDI = 1.31, SRI = 0.21; hind wing NI = 3.5; face with small black spot mediodorsally. Male Unknown. Distribution Currently known only from Quang Nam and Gia Lai provinces in South Central and Central Highlands of Vietnam., Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Pham, Phu Van, Matsumoto, Rikio, Shimizu, So & Broad, Gavin R., 2023, A review of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae) from Vietnam, with descriptions of ten new species, pp. 1-151 in European Journal of Taxonomy 873 (1) on pages 136-138, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.873.2133, http://zenodo.org/record/8038022, {"references":["Shimizu S. 2020. The Nepalese species of the genus Enicospilus Stephens, 1835 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ophioninae): a preliminary revision and identification key to species. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift 67: 69 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / dez. 67.51332"]}

Enicospilus bulbipennis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C8C9D2D4-6942-4254-B52C-B42127AE3FCE Fig. 15 Diagnosis Interocellar area reddish brown; clypeus convex, ventral margin blunt; mandible twisted ca 30°, outer surface without a diagonal setose groove; fore wing fenestra with proximal, central and distal sclerites present, central sclerite close to distal sclerite, elongate oval, basal, discosubmarginal and marginal cells with short and sparse setae, vein 2r&RS with posterior bulb; mesoscutum with three black stripes. Differential diagnosis The new species can be distinguished from E. rhetus Gauld & Mitchell, 1981 by its mesoscutum with three black stripes, central sclerite elongate oval, close and parallel to distal sclerite. Etymology The specific epithet ‘ bulbipennis ʼ means ‘with a bulb on the wingʼ, referring to the posterior bulb on the fore wing vein 2r&RS. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♀; Quang Nam Province, Bac Tra My, Tra Doc; 15°25′47″ N, 108°6′52″ E; 250 m a.s.l.; 16 Mar. 2020; Pham V.P. leg.; light trap; IEBR. Description Female (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 16.7 mm, fore wing length 11.5 mm. Head with FI = 0.7, GOI = 4.2 (Fig. 15d). Lower face 0.7× as wide as high, shiny (Fig. 15b). Clypeus 1.6 × as wide as high, similarly sculptured as face, convex in profile, ventral margin blunt (Fig. 15b). Malar space 0.2 × as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 15b). Mandible twisted by ca 30°, moderately short, evenly narrowed, outer surface without diagonal setose groove (Fig. 15b). Upper tooth of mandible depressed, about 1.4 × as long as lower tooth (Fig. 15b). Frons and vertex shiny, vertex with sparse setae (Fig. 15c). Gena moderately shiny, with dense fine setae (Fig. 15d). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 15c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 0.7× basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna with 48 flagellomeres; F1 1.6× as long as F2; F20 2.0× as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny (Fig. 15e). Pronotum coriaceous (Fig. 15e). Mesoscutum 1.4× as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notaulus absent. Scutellum moderately convex, punctate anteriorly, with fine rugae posteriorly, lateral longitudinal carinae present along entire length of scutellum. Epicnemium densely punctate (Fig. 15e). Epicnemial carina moderately weak, present on ventral half of mesopleuron, dorsal end bent towards anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 15e). Mesopleuron densely punctate, ventrally puncto-striate (Fig. 15e). Submetapleural carina broadened anteriorly (Fig. 15e). Metapleuron densely striate (Fig. 15e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area coriaceous; spiracular area smooth; posterior area concentrically striate; propodeal spiracle elliptical and joining pleural carina by ridge. WINGS (Fig. 15f). Fore wing with AI = 0.96, CI = 0.26, DI = 0.27, ICI = 0.39, SDI = 1.26, SI = 0.16, SRI = 0.21; vein 1m-cu&M evenly arcuate; vein 2r&RS relatively straight, with posterior bulb at about distal 0.4; vein RS strongly curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 15f; proximal sclerite strong, triangle, distal sclerite thick, moderately strong, connection between proximal and distal sclerites narrow and weakly pigmented; central sclerite strongly pigmented, more or less elongate, positioned closer to distal sclerite than to vein 2r&RS; proximal corner of marginal cell with sparse setae; posterodistal corner of second discal cell and that of subbasal cell ca 70°; vein 1cu-a sub-interstitial to M&RS. Hind wing with NI = 3.9; vein RS weakly curved; vein RA with 6 uniform hamuli. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.7× as long as high; basitarsus 1.6× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 2.7× as long as wide; tarsal claws simply pectinate. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.4, PI = 2.5, THI = 3.4; thyridium oval; ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior height of metasoma. Colour (Fig. 15a). Reddish brown except for apex of mandible, three longitudinal stripes on mesoscutum and a black spot in front of scutellar groove, metasoma from T5 onwards black. Wings hyaline; sclerites light brown to amber; veins reddish brown to dark brown, pterostigma reddish brown. Variation in female Unknown. Male Unknown. Distribution Currently known only from Quang Nam Province, Central Vietnam., Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Pham, Phu Van, Matsumoto, Rikio, Shimizu, So & Broad, Gavin R., 2023, A review of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae) from Vietnam, with descriptions of ten new species, pp. 1-151 in European Journal of Taxonomy 873 (1) on pages 34-37, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.873.2133, http://zenodo.org/record/8038022, {"references":["Gauld I. D. & Mitchell P. A. 1981. The Taxonomy, Distribution and Host Preferences of Indo-Papuan Parasitic Wasps of the Subfamily Ophioninae. CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London."]}

Enicospilus centraliscleritiger sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: EC337820-8FBE-4ED4-B8C9-F0E9494E83C1 Fig. 16 Diagnosis Interocellar area reddish brown; clypeus convex, ventral margin blunt; mandible twisted ca 20°, outer surface without a diagonal setose groove; fore wing fenestra with only central sclerite present, small, circular to oval, vein 1m-cu&M sinuate, angled medially. Differential diagnosis The new species has only one circular to oval central sclerite similar to E. abessyniensis (Szépligeti, 1907) from the Afrotropical region and Sri Lanka. It differs from the latter by the position of the central sclerite (centrodistal vs central), vein 2r&RS less sinuate and vein 1m-cu&M strongly sinuate, angled medially. Etymology The adjective belonging to the Latin neuter noun ‘ centrum ʼ is ‘ centralis, - is, - e ʼ. Combined with the sclerite, the specific epither ‘ centraliscleritiger ʼ meaning ‘bearing a central scleriteʼ, referring to the appearance of the fore wing, which has only a central sclerite. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♀; Tuyen Quang Province, Na Hang, Son Phu; 10 Jun. 2017; Khuat D.L. leg.; Malaise trap; IEBR. Paratype VIETNAM • 1 ♂; Gia Lai Province, Kon Chu Rang NP; 27 Apr. 2016; Nguyen T.P.L. leg.; light trap; IEBR. Description Female (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 26.1 mm, fore wing length 17.5 mm. HEAD with FI = 0.7, GOI = 4.0 (Fig. 16d). Lower face 0.7 × as wide as high, shiny, finely punctate (Fig. 16b). Clypeus 1.4× as wide as high, moderately convex in profile, sparsely punctate, ventral margin blunt (Fig. 16b). Malar space 0.3× as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 16b). Mandible twisted by ca 20°, evenly narrowed, outer surface without diagonal setose groove. Upper tooth of mandible about 1.3× as long as lower tooth (Fig. 16b). Frons, vertex and gena shiny with fine setae (Fig. 16c). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 16c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 1.0× basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna with 65 flagellomeres; F1 1.9× as long as F2; F20 2.3 × as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny (Fig. 16e). Pronotum finely striate (Fig. 16e). Mesoscutum 1.4× as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notaulus absent. Scutellum moderately convex, with irregular rugae, lateral longitudinal carinae along entire length of scutellum. Epicnemium matt, densely punctate (Fig. 16e). Epicnemial carina moderately strong, dorsal end bent to reach anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 16e). Mesopleuron entirely transversely striate (Fig. 16e). Submetapleural carina broadened anteriorly (Fig. 16e). Metapleuron strigose (Fig. 16e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area longitudinally striate; spiracular area smooth; posterior area coarsely rugose; propodeal spiracle elliptical, joined by ridge to pleural carina (Fig. 16e). WINGS (Fig. 16f). Fore wing with AI = 0.83, CI = 0.40, DI = 0.39, ICI = 0.83, SDI = 1.43, SI = 0.24, SRI = 0.34; vein 1m-cu&M strongly sinuate, angled medially; vein 2r&RS slightly sinuate; vein RS rather evenly curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 16f; proximal and distal sclerites absent; central sclerite nearly oval in shape, pigmented, positioned in centrodistal part of fenestra; proximal corner of marginal cell evenly setose; posterodistal corner of second discal cell ca 100° and of subbasal cell ca 95°; vein 1cu-a antefurcal to M&RS by 0.2× length of 1cu-a. Hind wing with NI = 2.0; vein RS relatively straight; vein RA with 9 uniform hamuli. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.8× as long as high; basitarsus 2.0× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 2.6× as long as wide; tarsal claws simply pectinate. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.4, PI = 2.8, THI = 2.7; thyridium oval; ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior height of metasoma. COLOUR (Fig. 16a). Reddish brown except for apex of mandible and posterior 0.6 of T3 onwards black. Wings hyaline; central sclerite pigmented and amber; veins and pterostigma dark brown. Variation in female Unknown. Male Similar to female, except for following characters: F1 2.0× as long as F2, F20 1.8 × as long as wide, FI = 0.7; fore wing length 15.8 mm, AI = 0.90, CI = 0.44, DI = 0.40, ICI = 0.90, SDI = 1.60, SI = 0.23, SRI = 0.27, vein 1m-cu&M with short ramellus, central sclerite circular; metasoma with DMI = 1.3, PI = 2.6, THI = 3.0. Distribution Currently known from Tuyen Quang Province in the northeast and Gia Lai Province, the Central Highlands of Vietnam., Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Pham, Phu Van, Matsumoto, Rikio, Shimizu, So & Broad, Gavin R., 2023, A review of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae) from Vietnam, with descriptions of ten new species, pp. 1-151 in European Journal of Taxonomy 873 (1) on pages 37-39, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.873.2133, http://zenodo.org/record/8038022

Enicospilus melanothoracicus sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 21308D96-984C-47C7-B7FC-1147F57B98BD Fig. 49 Diagnosis Interocellar area black; clypeus convex, ventral margin acute; mandible short, twisted 80–85°, outer surface without a diagonal setose groove; fore wing fenestra with proximal, central and distal sclerites, central sclerite small, oval, positioned at centre of fenestra; mesopleuron and metapleuron densely striate. Differential diagnosis The new species can be recognized from E. xanthocephalus Cameron, 1905 by the acute ventral margin of the clypeus, the proximal sclerite joining the proximal margin of the fenestra, the size and position of the central sclerite, the presence of the distal sclerite that joining the proximal sclerite and the colouration. Etymology The Greek adjective ‘ melanos ʼ means ‘blackʼ, combined with adjective derived from the Greek noun thorax, the specific epithet ‘ melanothoracicus ʼ meaning ‘with black thoraxʼ, referring to the black pattern of the thorax. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♀; Vinh Phuc Province, Me Linh Station for Biodiversity; 20 Mar. 2021; Tran D.D. leg.; Malaise trap; IEBR Paratypes VIETNAM • 1 ♀; Thai Nguyen Province, Vo Nhai, Than Sa; 16 Oct. 2004; Ta H.T. and Hoang V.T. leg.; light trap; IEBR • 1 [sex unknown]; Ninh Binh, Trang An Landscape Complex; 23 Jun. 2017; Pham T.N. leg.; hand net; IEBR. Description Female (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 13.2 mm, fore wing length 9.8 mm. HEAD with FI = 0.5, GOI = 3.0 (Fig. 49d). Lower face 0.6× as wide as high, moderately shiny (Fig. 49b). Clypeus 1.4× as wide as high, convex in profile, smooth, ventral margin acute (Fig. 49b). Malar space 0.2× as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 49b). Mandible twisted by ca 85°, short, strongly narrowed apically, outer surface without diagonal setose groove (Fig. 49b). Upper tooth of mandible about 1.2× as long as lower tooth (Fig. 49b). Frons and vertex polished, gena shiny with fine setae (Fig. 49c–d). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 49c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 0.7 × basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna with 45 flagellomeres; F1 1.8× as long as F2; F20 2.9× as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny (Fig. 49e). Pronotum finely striate medially (Fig. 49e). Mesoscutum 1.4× as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notaulus absent. Scutellum moderately convex, shiny with small punctures anteriorly, posteriorly with several rugae, lateral longitudinal carinae present along entire length of scutellum. Epicnemium matt, ventrally densely punctate, dorsally densely striate (Fig. 49e). Epicnemial carina moderately strong, present on ventral half of mesopleuron, dorsal end not bent towards anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 49e). Mesopleuron densely striate (Fig. 49e). Submetapleural carina broadened anteriorly (Fig. 49e). Metapleuron densely striate (Fig. 49e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area longitudinally striate; spiracular area smooth; posterior area weakly rugose; propodeal spiracle elliptical and joining pleural carina by ridge (Fig. 49e). WINGS (Fig. 49f). Fore wing with AI = 1.74, CI = 0.22, DI = 0.41, ICI = 0.43, SDI = 1.1, SI = 0.25, SRI = 0.33; vein 1m-cu&M strongly arcuate; vein 2r&RS relatively straight, thickened medially, with posterior bulb; vein RS strongly curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 49f; proximal sclerite triangular, strongly pigmented, confluent with weak distal sclerite; central sclerite small, oval, positioned in centre of fenestra; proximal corner of marginal cell evenly hirsute; posterodistal corner of second discal cell ca 50° and that of subbasal cell ca 85°; vein 1cu-a sub-interstitial to M&RS. Hind wing with NI = 2.0; vein RS straight; vein RA with 5 uniform hamuli. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.9× as long as high; basitarsus 1.7× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 2.0× as long as wide; tarsal claws with proximal pecten longer than distal ones. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.3, PI = 2.9, THI = 3.6; thyridium oval; ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior height of metasoma. COLOUR (Fig. 49a). Reddish brown except for apex of mandible, face and frons medially, interocellar area, three longitudinal stripes of mesoscutum, of which two lateral stripes meet at black area in front of scutellum, mesosternum, ventral 0.8 of mesopleuron, ventral 0.8 of metapleuron and metasoma from T5 onwards black. Wings hyaline; sclerites pigmented and amber; veins dark brown, pterostigma reddish brown. Variation in female Fore wing length 9.1–9.6 mm, AI = 2.00–2.10, CI= 0.29–0.33, DI = 0.42–0.48, ICI = 0.32–0.34, SDI = 1.00–1.07, SI = 0.24, SRI = 0.35–0.42. Hind wing with NI = 1.7–1.8, vein RA with 5–6 uniform hamuli. Female paratype from Thai Nguyen Province has 44 flagellomeres. Lower face of the paratype from Ninh Binh Province (sex unknown since its terminal metasomal tergites are missing) about 0.7 × as broad as high and FI = 0.6. Male Unknown. Distribution Currently known from Thai Nguyen and Vinh Phuc provinces in the northeast and from Ninh Binh Province in the northwest Vietnam., Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Pham, Phu Van, Matsumoto, Rikio, Shimizu, So & Broad, Gavin R., 2023, A review of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae) from Vietnam, with descriptions of ten new species, pp. 1-151 in European Journal of Taxonomy 873 (1) on pages 89-91, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.873.2133, http://zenodo.org/record/8038022

Enicospilus hiepi sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 85F24F01-1A78-46EB-BE6C-9A0DEA4C3767 Fig. 38 Diagnosis Interocellar area reddish brown; clypeus convex, ventral margin impressed, acute; mandible twisted ca 30°, outer surface with a diagonal setose groove; scutellum with lateral longitudinal carina present on anterior 0.6; fore wing fenestra with proximal, central and distal sclerites, central sclerite large, shaped resembling footprint, pigmented, positioned in upper half of distal part of fenestra; mesoscutum with three black stripes. Differential diagnosis The new species can be recognised from all other species by the combination of the shape of the alar sclerites and the short lateral carinae of the scutellum. Etymology Named after MSc. Nguyen Duc Hiep, an entomologist from IEBR, who collected the type specimen. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♀; Cao Bang Province, Phia Oac - Phia Den NP; 791 m a.s.l.; 8 May 2021; Nguyen D.H. leg.; light trap; IEBR. Description Female (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 25.4 mm, fore wing length 18.0 mm. HEAD with FI = 0.7, GOI = 2.0 (Fig. 38d). Lower face 0.8× as wide as high, densely punctate (Fig. 38b). Clypeus 1.4× as wide as high, convex in profile, more densely punctate than face, ventral margin impressed, acute (Fig. 38b). Malar space 0.2× as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 38b). Mandible twisted by ca 30°, moderately long, evenly narrowed, outer surface with diagonal setose groove (Fig. 38b). Upper tooth of mandible depressed, about 2 × as long as lower tooth (Fig. 38b). Frons short, vertex and gena with fine setae (Fig. 38c–d). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 38c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 0.2 × basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna with 70 flagellomeres; F1 1.9× as long as F2; F20 2.4 × as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny (Fig. 38e). Pronotum finely punctate (Fig. 38e). Mesoscutum 1.4× as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notaulus absent. Scutellum strongly convex, punctate, without any rugae, lateral longitudinal carinae present on anterior 0.6. Epicnemium densely punctate (Fig. 38e). Epicnemial carina moderately strong, dorsal end bent to reach anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 38e). Mesopleuron punctate and puncto-striate (Fig. 38e). Submetapleural carina slightly broadened anteriorly (Fig. 38e). Metapleuron finely punctate (Fig. 38e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area longitudinally striate; spiracular area smooth; posterior area rugose; propodeal spiracle elliptical and not joining pleural carina by ridge (Fig. 38e). WINGS (Fig. 38f). Fore wing with AI = 0.59, CI = 0.50, DI = 0.35, ICI = 0.51, SDI = 1.31, SI = 0.13, SRI = 0.23; vein 1m-cu&M strongly sinuate, angled medially; vein 2r&RS slightly sinuate, abruptly narrow distally; vein RS curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 38f; proximal sclerite triangular, confluent with distal sclerite, strongly pigmented; central sclerite large, somewhat resembling footprint in shape, pigmented, positioned in upper half of distal part of fenestra; distal sclerite pigmented; proximal corner of marginal cell sparsely setose; posterodistal corner of second discal cell ca 80° and that of subbasal cell ca 70°; vein 1cu-a antefurcal to M&RS by 0.3× length of 1cu-a. Hind wing with NI = 1.7; vein RS straight; vein RA with 7 uniform hamuli. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 2.0× as long as high; basitarsus 2.1× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 3.3× as long as wide; tarsal claw simply pectinate. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.2, PI = 3.1, THI = 2.8; thyridium oval; ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior height of metasoma. COLOUR (Fig. 38a). Reddish brown except for apex of mandible, three longitudinal stripes of mesoscutum, and ventral parts of T5 onwards black. Wings hyaline; sclerites pigmented and amber; veins dark brown, pterostigma reddish brown. Male Unknown. Distribution Currently known only from Cao Bang Province, Northeast Vietnam., Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Pham, Phu Van, Matsumoto, Rikio, Shimizu, So & Broad, Gavin R., 2023, A review of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae) from Vietnam, with descriptions of ten new species, pp. 1-151 in European Journal of Taxonomy 873 (1) on pages 72-74, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.873.2133, http://zenodo.org/record/8038022

Enicospilus nigristernalis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 272C4DF7-C94F-40D9-9CED-F8AE478DA7EA Fig. 53 Diagnosis Interocellar area reddish brown; clypeus weakly convex, ventral margin blunt; mandible twisted ca 40°, outer surface without a diagonal setose groove; fore wing fenestra with proximal, central and distal sclerites, central sclerite small, circular, positioned in anterodistal corner of quadra, both CI and ICI less than 0.5; mesoscutum posteriorly and mesosternum black. Differential diagnosis The new species resembles E. stenophleps Cushman, 1937 in having a small, weak, circular central sclerite. The new species can be recognized from the latter by the narrower fenestra, anterodistal corner antefurcal to RS by about 0.8× length of 2rs-m (vs interstitial to RS in E. stenophleps), with quadra (vs without quadra in E. stenophleps), and colour patterns of mesoscutum, mesosternum and metasomal tergites. Etymology The adjective belonging to the Latin neuter noun ‘ sternum ʼ is ‘ sternalis ʼ, combined with black the specific epithet ‘ nigristernalis ʼ meaning ‘black sternumʼ, referring to the black mesosternum. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♂; Dong Nai Province, Vinh Cuu, Phu Ly; 7 Jun. 2021; Pham T.N., Hoang V.T. and Pham V.P. leg.; light trap; IEBR Paratypes VIETNAM • 1 ♀; Dong Nai Province, Cat Tien NP; 7 Jul. 2002; Le X.H. leg.; light trap; IEBR • 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂; Dong Nai Province, Vinh Cuu, Phu Ly; 16 May 2007; Hoang V.T. leg.; light trap; IEBR • 1 ♀; Cuc Phuong NP, Ninh Binh Province; 11 Jun. 2022; Pham V.P. leg.; light trap; IEBR. Description Male (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 14.1 mm, fore wing length 10.5 mm. HEAD with FI = 0.6, GOI = 4.0 (Fig. 53d). Lower face 0.7 × as wide as high, smooth and shiny (Fig. 53b). Clypeus 1.4× as wide as high, similar sculpture as face, weakly convex in profile, ventral margin blunt (Fig. 53b). Malar space 0.3× as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 53b). Mandible moderately short, twisted by ca 40°, evenly narrowed, outer surface without diagonal setose groove (Fig. 53b). Upper tooth of mandible depressed, about 1.2 × as long as lower tooth (Fig. 53b). Frons and vertex smooth and shiny, gena shiny with fine setae (Fig. 53c–d). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 53c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 0.5 × basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna broken, with 46 remaining flagellomeres; F1 1.5× as long as F2; F20 2.5× as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny (Fig. 53e). Pronotum coriaceous (Fig. 53e). Mesoscutum 1.4× as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notaulus absent. Scutellum moderately convex, anteriorly with transverse wrinkles, posteriorly with irregular rugae, lateral longitudinal carinae present on anterior 0.9. Epicnemium coriaceous ventrally, dorsally with transverse wrinkles (Fig. 53e). Epicnemial carina moderately strong, dorsal end bent to reach anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 53e). Mesopleuron finely punctate dorsally, ventrally transversely striate (Fig. 53e). Submetapleural carina slightly broadened anteriorly (Fig. 53e). Metapleuron coriaceous (Fig. 53e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area longitudinally striate; spiracular area smooth; posterior area irregularly rugose; propodeal spiracle elliptical, joining pleural carina by ridge (Fig. 53e). WINGS (Fig. 53f). Fore wing with AI = 0.57, CI = 0.33, DI = 0.28, ICI = 0.43, SDI = 1.19, SI = 0.16, SRI = 0.22; vein 1m-cu&M evenly arcuate; vein 2r&RS relatively straight; vein RS strongly curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 53f; proximal sclerite strong, connected to weakly pigmented distal sclerite; central sclerite small, more or less round in shape, pigmented, positioned in anterodistal corner of moderately large quadra; proximal corner of marginal cell evenly setose; posterodistal corner of second discal cell and that of subbasal cell ca 90°; vein 1cu-a antefurcal to M&RS by 0.15× length of 1cu-a. Hind wing with NI = 2.8; vein RS arcuate; vein RA with 7 uniform hamuli on right wing and with 6 uniform hamuli on left wing. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.7× as long as high; basitarsus 1.6× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 2.4× as long as wide; tarsal claw simply pectinate. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.6, PI = 2.3, THI = 3.1; thyridium oval. COLOUR (Fig. 53a). Reddish brown except for apex of mandible, posterior 0.4 of mesoscutum, mesosternum, and posterior half of T3 onwards black. Wings hyaline; sclerites pigmented and amber; veins and pterostigma dark brown. Variation in male Paratype male has fore wing length 11.2 mm, ICI = 0.42, SDI = 1.24. Metasoma with DMI = 1.4, PI = 2.5. Females Similar to male, except head with FI = 0.6; antenna with 50–53 flagellomeres; fore wing length 10.5– 15.0 mm, AI = 0.61–0.83, CI = 0.33–0.44, ICI = 0.42–0.49; SDI = 1.24–1.26; metasoma with DMI = 1.4–1.5, PI = 2.6–2.7, THI = 3.8, ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior height of metasoma. Distribution Currently known from Ninh Binh Province, North Vietnam and Dong Nai Province, South Vietnam., Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Pham, Phu Van, Matsumoto, Rikio, Shimizu, So & Broad, Gavin R., 2023, A review of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae) from Vietnam, with descriptions of ten new species, pp. 1-151 in European Journal of Taxonomy 873 (1) on pages 96-98, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.873.2133, http://zenodo.org/record/8038022

Enicospilus hiepi sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 85F24F01-1A78-46EB-BE6C-9A0DEA4C3767 Fig. 38 Diagnosis Interocellar area reddish brown; clypeus convex, ventral margin impressed, acute; mandible twisted ca 30°, outer surface with a diagonal setose groove; scutellum with lateral longitudinal carina present on anterior 0.6; fore wing fenestra with proximal, central and distal sclerites, central sclerite large, shaped resembling footprint, pigmented, positioned in upper half of distal part of fenestra; mesoscutum with three black stripes. Differential diagnosis The new species can be recognised from all other species by the combination of the shape of the alar sclerites and the short lateral carinae of the scutellum. Etymology Named after MSc. Nguyen Duc Hiep, an entomologist from IEBR, who collected the type specimen. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♀; Cao Bang Province, Phia Oac - Phia Den NP; 791 m a.s.l.; 8 May 2021; Nguyen D.H. leg.; light trap; IEBR. Description Female (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 25.4 mm, fore wing length 18.0 mm. HEAD with FI = 0.7, GOI = 2.0 (Fig. 38d). Lower face 0.8× as wide as high, densely punctate (Fig. 38b). Clypeus 1.4× as wide as high, convex in profile, more densely punctate than face, ventral margin impressed, acute (Fig. 38b). Malar space 0.2× as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 38b). Mandible twisted by ca 30°, moderately long, evenly narrowed, outer surface with diagonal setose groove (Fig. 38b). Upper tooth of mandible depressed, about 2 × as long as lower tooth (Fig. 38b). Frons short, vertex and gena with fine setae (Fig. 38c–d). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 38c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 0.2 × basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna with 70 flagellomeres; F1 1.9× as long as F2; F20 2.4 × as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny (Fig. 38e). Pronotum finely punctate (Fig. 38e). Mesoscutum 1.4× as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notaulus absent. Scutellum strongly convex, punctate, without any rugae, lateral longitudinal carinae present on anterior 0.6. Epicnemium densely punctate (Fig. 38e). Epicnemial carina moderately strong, dorsal end bent to reach anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 38e). Mesopleuron punctate and puncto-striate (Fig. 38e). Submetapleural carina slightly broadened anteriorly (Fig. 38e). Metapleuron finely punctate (Fig. 38e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area longitudinally striate; spiracular area smooth; posterior area rugose; propodeal spiracle elliptical and not joining pleural carina by ridge (Fig. 38e). WINGS (Fig. 38f). Fore wing with AI = 0.59, CI = 0.50, DI = 0.35, ICI = 0.51, SDI = 1.31, SI = 0.13, SRI = 0.23; vein 1m-cu&M strongly sinuate, angled medially; vein 2r&RS slightly sinuate, abruptly narrow distally; vein RS curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 38f; proximal sclerite triangular, confluent with distal sclerite, strongly pigmented; central sclerite large, somewhat resembling footprint in shape, pigmented, positioned in upper half of distal part of fenestra; distal sclerite pigmented; proximal corner of marginal cell sparsely setose; posterodistal corner of second discal cell ca 80° and that of subbasal cell ca 70°; vein 1cu-a antefurcal to M&RS by 0.3× length of 1cu-a. Hind wing with NI = 1.7; vein RS straight; vein RA with 7 uniform hamuli. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 2.0× as long as high; basitarsus 2.1× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 3.3× as long as wide; tarsal claw simply pectinate. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.2, PI = 3.1, THI = 2.8; thyridium oval; ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior height of metasoma. COLOUR (Fig. 38a). Reddish brown except for apex of mandible, three longitudinal stripes of mesoscutum, and ventral parts of T5 onwards black. Wings hyaline; sclerites pigmented and amber; veins dark brown, pterostigma reddish brown. Male Unknown. Distribution Currently known only from Cao Bang Province, Northeast Vietnam.

Enicospilus nigristernalis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 272C4DF7-C94F-40D9-9CED-F8AE478DA7EA Fig. 53 Diagnosis Interocellar area reddish brown; clypeus weakly convex, ventral margin blunt; mandible twisted ca 40°, outer surface without a diagonal setose groove; fore wing fenestra with proximal, central and distal sclerites, central sclerite small, circular, positioned in anterodistal corner of quadra, both CI and ICI less than 0.5; mesoscutum posteriorly and mesosternum black. Differential diagnosis The new species resembles E. stenophleps Cushman, 1937 in having a small, weak, circular central sclerite. The new species can be recognized from the latter by the narrower fenestra, anterodistal corner antefurcal to RS by about 0.8× length of 2rs-m (vs interstitial to RS in E. stenophleps), with quadra (vs without quadra in E. stenophleps), and colour patterns of mesoscutum, mesosternum and metasomal tergites. Etymology The adjective belonging to the Latin neuter noun ‘ sternum ʼ is ‘ sternalis ʼ, combined with black the specific epithet ‘ nigristernalis ʼ meaning ‘black sternumʼ, referring to the black mesosternum. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♂; Dong Nai Province, Vinh Cuu, Phu Ly; 7 Jun. 2021; Pham T.N., Hoang V.T. and Pham V.P. leg.; light trap; IEBR Paratypes VIETNAM • 1 ♀; Dong Nai Province, Cat Tien NP; 7 Jul. 2002; Le X.H. leg.; light trap; IEBR • 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂; Dong Nai Province, Vinh Cuu, Phu Ly; 16 May 2007; Hoang V.T. leg.; light trap; IEBR • 1 ♀; Cuc Phuong NP, Ninh Binh Province; 11 Jun. 2022; Pham V.P. leg.; light trap; IEBR. Description Male (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 14.1 mm, fore wing length 10.5 mm. HEAD with FI = 0.6, GOI = 4.0 (Fig. 53d). Lower face 0.7 × as wide as high, smooth and shiny (Fig. 53b). Clypeus 1.4× as wide as high, similar sculpture as face, weakly convex in profile, ventral margin blunt (Fig. 53b). Malar space 0.3× as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 53b). Mandible moderately short, twisted by ca 40°, evenly narrowed, outer surface without diagonal setose groove (Fig. 53b). Upper tooth of mandible depressed, about 1.2 × as long as lower tooth (Fig. 53b). Frons and vertex smooth and shiny, gena shiny with fine setae (Fig. 53c–d). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 53c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 0.5 × basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna broken, with 46 remaining flagellomeres; F1 1.5× as long as F2; F20 2.5× as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny (Fig. 53e). Pronotum coriaceous (Fig. 53e). Mesoscutum 1.4× as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notaulus absent. Scutellum moderately convex, anteriorly with transverse wrinkles, posteriorly with irregular rugae, lateral longitudinal carinae present on anterior 0.9. Epicnemium coriaceous ventrally, dorsally with transverse wrinkles (Fig. 53e). Epicnemial carina moderately strong, dorsal end bent to reach anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 53e). Mesopleuron finely punctate dorsally, ventrally transversely striate (Fig. 53e). Submetapleural carina slightly broadened anteriorly (Fig. 53e). Metapleuron coriaceous (Fig. 53e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area longitudinally striate; spiracular area smooth; posterior area irregularly rugose; propodeal spiracle elliptical, joining pleural carina by ridge (Fig. 53e). WINGS (Fig. 53f). Fore wing with AI = 0.57, CI = 0.33, DI = 0.28, ICI = 0.43, SDI = 1.19, SI = 0.16, SRI = 0.22; vein 1m-cu&M evenly arcuate; vein 2r&RS relatively straight; vein RS strongly curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 53f; proximal sclerite strong, connected to weakly pigmented distal sclerite; central sclerite small, more or less round in shape, pigmented, positioned in anterodistal corner of moderately large quadra; proximal corner of marginal cell evenly setose; posterodistal corner of second discal cell and that of subbasal cell ca 90°; vein 1cu-a antefurcal to M&RS by 0.15× length of 1cu-a. Hind wing with NI = 2.8; vein RS arcuate; vein RA with 7 uniform hamuli on right wing and with 6 uniform hamuli on left wing. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.7× as long as high; basitarsus 1.6× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 2.4× as long as wide; tarsal claw simply pectinate. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.6, PI = 2.3, THI = 3.1; thyridium oval. COLOUR (Fig. 53a). Reddish brown except for apex of mandible, posterior 0.4 of mesoscutum, mesosternum, and posterior half of T3 onwards black. Wings hyaline; sclerites pigmented and amber; veins and pterostigma dark brown. Variation in male Paratype male has fore wing length 11.2 mm, ICI = 0.42, SDI = 1.24. Metasoma with DMI = 1.4, PI = 2.5. Females Similar to male, except head with FI = 0.6; antenna with 50–53 flagellomeres; fore wing length 10.5– 15.0 mm, AI = 0.61–0.83, CI = 0.33–0.44, ICI = 0.42–0.49; SDI = 1.24–1.26; metasoma with DMI = 1.4–1.5, PI = 2.6–2.7, THI = 3.8, ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior height of metasoma. Distribution Currently known from Ninh Binh Province, North Vietnam and Dong Nai Province, South Vietnam.

Enicospilus bulbipennis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C8C9D2D4-6942-4254-B52C-B42127AE3FCE Fig. 15 Diagnosis Interocellar area reddish brown; clypeus convex, ventral margin blunt; mandible twisted ca 30°, outer surface without a diagonal setose groove; fore wing fenestra with proximal, central and distal sclerites present, central sclerite close to distal sclerite, elongate oval, basal, discosubmarginal and marginal cells with short and sparse setae, vein 2r&RS with posterior bulb; mesoscutum with three black stripes. Differential diagnosis The new species can be distinguished from E. rhetus Gauld & Mitchell, 1981 by its mesoscutum with three black stripes, central sclerite elongate oval, close and parallel to distal sclerite. Etymology The specific epithet ‘ bulbipennis ʼ means ‘with a bulb on the wingʼ, referring to the posterior bulb on the fore wing vein 2r&RS. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♀; Quang Nam Province, Bac Tra My, Tra Doc; 15°25′47″ N, 108°6′52″ E; 250 m a.s.l.; 16 Mar. 2020; Pham V.P. leg.; light trap; IEBR. Description Female (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 16.7 mm, fore wing length 11.5 mm. Head with FI = 0.7, GOI = 4.2 (Fig. 15d). Lower face 0.7× as wide as high, shiny (Fig. 15b). Clypeus 1.6 × as wide as high, similarly sculptured as face, convex in profile, ventral margin blunt (Fig. 15b). Malar space 0.2 × as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 15b). Mandible twisted by ca 30°, moderately short, evenly narrowed, outer surface without diagonal setose groove (Fig. 15b). Upper tooth of mandible depressed, about 1.4 × as long as lower tooth (Fig. 15b). Frons and vertex shiny, vertex with sparse setae (Fig. 15c). Gena moderately shiny, with dense fine setae (Fig. 15d). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 15c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 0.7× basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna with 48 flagellomeres; F1 1.6× as long as F2; F20 2.0× as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny (Fig. 15e). Pronotum coriaceous (Fig. 15e). Mesoscutum 1.4× as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notaulus absent. Scutellum moderately convex, punctate anteriorly, with fine rugae posteriorly, lateral longitudinal carinae present along entire length of scutellum. Epicnemium densely punctate (Fig. 15e). Epicnemial carina moderately weak, present on ventral half of mesopleuron, dorsal end bent towards anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 15e). Mesopleuron densely punctate, ventrally puncto-striate (Fig. 15e). Submetapleural carina broadened anteriorly (Fig. 15e). Metapleuron densely striate (Fig. 15e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area coriaceous; spiracular area smooth; posterior area concentrically striate; propodeal spiracle elliptical and joining pleural carina by ridge. WINGS (Fig. 15f). Fore wing with AI = 0.96, CI = 0.26, DI = 0.27, ICI = 0.39, SDI = 1.26, SI = 0.16, SRI = 0.21; vein 1m-cu&M evenly arcuate; vein 2r&RS relatively straight, with posterior bulb at about distal 0.4; vein RS strongly curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 15f; proximal sclerite strong, triangle, distal sclerite thick, moderately strong, connection between proximal and distal sclerites narrow and weakly pigmented; central sclerite strongly pigmented, more or less elongate, positioned closer to distal sclerite than to vein 2r&RS; proximal corner of marginal cell with sparse setae; posterodistal corner of second discal cell and that of subbasal cell ca 70°; vein 1cu-a sub-interstitial to M&RS. Hind wing with NI = 3.9; vein RS weakly curved; vein RA with 6 uniform hamuli. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.7× as long as high; basitarsus 1.6× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 2.7× as long as wide; tarsal claws simply pectinate. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.4, PI = 2.5, THI = 3.4; thyridium oval; ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior height of metasoma. Colour (Fig. 15a). Reddish brown except for apex of mandible, three longitudinal stripes on mesoscutum and a black spot in front of scutellar groove, metasoma from T5 onwards black. Wings hyaline; sclerites light brown to amber; veins reddish brown to dark brown, pterostigma reddish brown. Variation in female Unknown. Male Unknown. Distribution Currently known only from Quang Nam Province, Central Vietnam.

Enicospilus circuliscleritalis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D21A2F3C-3395-4F62-8DE4-6B61F62453EB Fig. 17 Diagnosis Interocellar area black; clypeus convex, ventral margin blunt; mandible twisted ca 20°, outer surface without a diagonal setose groove; fore wing marginal cell darkened proximally, fenestra with proximal and distal sclerites present, proximal sclerite moderately large, strongly pigmented, nearly round, separated from vein 2r&RS by less than its maximum width, SDI = 0.7; hind tarsal claws with distal pecten projecting beyond apical tooth. Differential diagnosis The new species can be distinguished from E. bakerielli Gauld & Mitchell, 1981 by its black interocellar area (usually testaceous in E. bakerielli but variable), and mandible outer surface without a diagonal setose groove or tuft of long setae. The fore wing of E. circuliscleritalis sp. nov. lacks darkened patches between the proximal and distal sclerites, differing from Vietnamese specimens identified as E. bakerielli (see above, under E. bakerielli). The new species can be recognized from E. trui sp. nov. by its larger proximal sclerite and the distance from the proximal sclerite to vein 2r&RS less than its maximum diameter, as mentioned in the key. Etymology The specific epithet ‘ circuliscleritalis ʼ means ‘circle-shaped scleriteʼ, referring to the nearly round shape of the proximal sclerite. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♂; Cao Bang Province, Trung Khanh, Tra Linh; 22°45′29.89″ N, 106°17′47.10″ E; 640 m a.s.l.; 17 Oct. 2018; Pham V.P. leg.; light trap; IEBR. Description Male (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 14.6 mm and fore wing length 9.3 mm. HEAD with FI = 0.5, GOI = 4.2 (Fig. 17d). Lower face 0.7× as wide as high, moderately shiny, densely and finely punctate (Fig. 17b). Clypeus 1.4 × as wide as high, convex in profile, finely punctate, except ventral 0.2 smooth, impunctate, ventral margin blunt (Fig. 17b). Malar space 0.2 × as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 17b). Mandible twisted by ca 20°, moderately long, evenly narrowed, outer surface without diagonal setose groove (Fig. 17b). Upper tooth of mandible about 1.4× as long as lower tooth (Fig. 17b). Frons coriaceous, vertex shiny, with sparse setae (Fig. 17c). Gena moderately shiny, with dense fine setae (Fig. 17d). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 17c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 0.7 × basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna with 52 flagellomeres; F1 1.72 × as long as F2; F20 2.5× as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny (Fig. 17e). Pronotum finely striate (Fig. 17e). Mesoscutum 1.4× as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notaulus absent. Scutellum moderately convex, punctate anteriorly, with rugae posteriorly, lateral longitudinal carinae present along entire length of scutellum. Epicnemium densely punctate (Fig. 17e). Epicnemial carina moderately strong, present on ventral half of mesopleuron, dorsal end bent towards anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 17e). Mesopleuron densely punctate dorsally, ventrally puncto-striate (Fig. 17e). Submetapleural carina slightly broadened anteriorly (Fig. 17e). Metapleuron matt, densely rugose (Fig. 17e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area punctate; spiracular area smooth; posterior area rugose; propodeal spiracle elliptical and not joined to pleural carina by ridge (Fig. 17e). WINGS (Fig. 17f). Fore wing with AI = 1.0, CI = 0.25, DI = 0.47, ICI = 0.21, SDI = 0.7, SI = 0.19, SRI = 0.49; vein 1m-cu&M evenly arcuate; proximal 0.7 of vein 2r&RS strongly sinuate and thickened, abruptly narrowed and straight distally; vein RS strongly curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 17f; proximal sclerite extremely strong, nearly round in shape; distal sclerite strongly pigmented, not connecting to proximal sclerite; proximal corner of marginal cell evenly setose; posterodistal corner of second discal cell ca 90° and of subbasal cell ca 60°; vein 1cu-a antefurcal to M&RS by 0.3 × length of 1cu-a. Hind wing with NI = 3.1; vein RS relatively straight; vein RA with 5 uniform hamuli. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.6× as long as high; basitarsus 1.9× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 2.6× as long as wide; tarsal claws with distal pecten projecting beyond apical tooth. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.2, PI = 3.1, THI = 5.0; thyridium oval; S4–8 with dense tuft of long setae on posterior margins. COLOUR (Fig. 17a). Reddish brown with many black markings as follows: apex of mandible, median line of face extending ventrally to entire clypeus and dorsally to frons, interocellar area, ventral half of gena and occiput, mesosoma (except prothorax), metasoma from T4 onwards (except a yellow spot on T4 dorsally). Wings hyaline with darkened area at proximal corner of marginal cell, sclerites dark brown, veins reddish brown to dark brown, pterostigma black. Female Unknown. Distribution Currently known only from the holotype collected in Cao Bang Province, Northeast Vietnam.

Enicospilus aequiscleritalis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F19AB739-65D9-4AF1-93AA-00421899EF8F Fig. 6 Diagnosis Interocellar area black; clypeus convex, ventral margin acute; mandible short, twisted 80°–85°, outer surface without a diagonal setose groove; fore wing fenestra with proximal, central and distal sclerites, central sclerite elongate, of nearly similar size and shape to proximal sclerite; mesopleuron puncto-striate to finely striate; metapleuron coriaceous to finely striate. Differential diagnosis The new species can be distinguished from E. xanthocephalus Cameron, 1905 by the acute ventral margin of the clypeus, the proximal sclerite joining the proximal margin of fenestra, the larger central sclerite, and the presence of a distal sclerite joining the proximal sclerite. Etymology The Latin adjective ʻ aequus ʼ means ʻthe sameʼ. Combined with the sclerite, the specific epithet ʻ aequiscleritalis ʼ referred to the similar size and shape of the proximal and central sclerites. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♀; Hoa Binh Province, Yen Thuy, Lac Thinh; 15–30 Aug. 2002; Khuat D.L leg.; Malaise trap; IEBR. Paratypes VIETNAM • 1 ♀; same collection data as holotype; 1–10 Apr. 2002; IEBR • 1 ♀; same collection data as holotype; 1–10 Sep. 2002; IEBR • 1 ♀; same collection data as holotype; 1–10 Oct. 2002; IEBR • 1 ♀; Hoa Binh Province, Yen Thuy, Da Phuc; 10–20 Nov. 2003; Khuat D.L. leg.; Malaise trap; IEBR • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 20–30 Nov. 2003; IEBR • 1 ♀; Hanoi, Chuong My, Thuy Xuan Tien; 20.8833° N, 105.5765° E; 30 Apr. 2019; Nguyen D.H. leg.; Malaise trap; IEBR. Description Female (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 11.3 mm, fore wing length 9.8 mm. HEAD with FI = 0.6, GOI = 3.0 (Fig. 6d). Lower face 0.7× as wide as high, moderately shiny (Fig. 6b). Clypeus 1.4 × as wide as high, convex in profile, shiny, ventral margin acute (Fig. 6b). Malar space 0.3× as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 6b). Mandible twisted by ca 85°, short, strongly narrowed apically, outer surface without diagonal setose groove (Fig. 6b). Upper tooth of mandible about 1.2 × as long as lower tooth (Fig. 6b). Frons and vertex shiny, gena shiny with fine setae (Fig. 6c). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 6c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 0.7× basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna with 43 flagellomeres; F1 1.7× as long as F2; F20 2.2 × as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny (Fig. 6e). Pronotum finely striate medially (Fig. 6e). Mesoscutum 1.5 × as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notaulus absent. Scutellum moderately convex, shiny with small punctures anteriorly, posteriorly with several rugae, lateral longitudinal carinae present along entire length of scutellum. Epicnemium matt, densely punctate (Fig. 6e). Epicnemial carina moderately strong, present on ventral half of mesopleuron, dorsal end weakly bent towards anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 6e). Mesopleuron finely striate ventrally, dorsally finely punctate (Fig. 6e). Submetapleural carina broadened anteriorly (Fig. 6e). Metapleuron finely striate dorsally (Fig. 6e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area shiny, with several rugae; spiracular area smooth; posterior area with concentric fine striae; propodeal spiracle elliptical and joining pleural carina by ridge (Fig. 6e). WINGS (Fig. 6f). Fore wing with AI = 1.5, CI = 0.33, DI = 0.43, ICI = 0.31, SDI = 0.97, SI = 0.26, SRI = 0.30; vein 1m-cu&M strongly arcuate; vein 2r&RS weakly sinuous; vein RS strongly curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 6f; proximal sclerite elongate, strongly pigmented, confluent with weak distal sclerite; central sclerite elongate, positioned at posterodistal area of fenestra; proximal corner of marginal cell evenly setose; posterodistal corner of second discal cell ca 85° and of subbasal cell ca 90°; vein 1cu-a interstitial to M&RS. Hind wing with NI = 2.1; vein RS straight; vein RA with 5 uniform hamuli on right wing and with 6 uniform hamuli on left wing. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.6× as long as high; basitarsus 1.9× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 2.2× as long as wide; tarsal claw with proximal pecten longer than distal ones. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.3, PI = 2.7, THI = 3.6; thyridium oval; ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior height of metasoma. COLOUR (Fig. 6a). Reddish brown except for apex of mandible and interocellar area black, and metasoma from T5 onwards brown. Wings hyaline; sclerites pigmented and amber; veins dark brown, pterostigma reddish brown. Variation in female Antenna with 43–45 flagellomeres. Fore wing length 7.7–11.0 mm, AI = 1.55–2.38, CI= 0.26–0.33, DI = 0.42–0.46, ICI = 0.26–0.34, SDI = 1.02–1.09, SI = 0.23–0.26, SRI = 0.32–0.33. Hind wing with NI = 1.70–2.50. Mesosoma with mesoscutum entirely reddish brown sometimes with blackish marking in front of scuto-scutellar groove. Metasoma from T5 onwards brown to black. Male Unknown. Distribution Currently known from Hoa Binh Province in the northwest and Hanoi City in the Red River Delta of Vietnam.

Enicospilus centraliscleritiger sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: EC337820-8FBE-4ED4-B8C9-F0E9494E83C1 Fig. 16 Diagnosis Interocellar area reddish brown; clypeus convex, ventral margin blunt; mandible twisted ca 20°, outer surface without a diagonal setose groove; fore wing fenestra with only central sclerite present, small, circular to oval, vein 1m-cu&M sinuate, angled medially. Differential diagnosis The new species has only one circular to oval central sclerite similar to E. abessyniensis (Szépligeti, 1907) from the Afrotropical region and Sri Lanka. It differs from the latter by the position of the central sclerite (centrodistal vs central), vein 2r&RS less sinuate and vein 1m-cu&M strongly sinuate, angled medially. Etymology The adjective belonging to the Latin neuter noun ‘ centrum ʼ is ‘ centralis, - is, - e ʼ. Combined with the sclerite, the specific epither ‘ centraliscleritiger ʼ meaning ‘bearing a central scleriteʼ, referring to the appearance of the fore wing, which has only a central sclerite. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♀; Tuyen Quang Province, Na Hang, Son Phu; 10 Jun. 2017; Khuat D.L. leg.; Malaise trap; IEBR. Paratype VIETNAM • 1 ♂; Gia Lai Province, Kon Chu Rang NP; 27 Apr. 2016; Nguyen T.P.L. leg.; light trap; IEBR. Description Female (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 26.1 mm, fore wing length 17.5 mm. HEAD with FI = 0.7, GOI = 4.0 (Fig. 16d). Lower face 0.7 × as wide as high, shiny, finely punctate (Fig. 16b). Clypeus 1.4× as wide as high, moderately convex in profile, sparsely punctate, ventral margin blunt (Fig. 16b). Malar space 0.3× as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 16b). Mandible twisted by ca 20°, evenly narrowed, outer surface without diagonal setose groove. Upper tooth of mandible about 1.3× as long as lower tooth (Fig. 16b). Frons, vertex and gena shiny with fine setae (Fig. 16c). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 16c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 1.0× basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna with 65 flagellomeres; F1 1.9× as long as F2; F20 2.3 × as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny (Fig. 16e). Pronotum finely striate (Fig. 16e). Mesoscutum 1.4× as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notaulus absent. Scutellum moderately convex, with irregular rugae, lateral longitudinal carinae along entire length of scutellum. Epicnemium matt, densely punctate (Fig. 16e). Epicnemial carina moderately strong, dorsal end bent to reach anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 16e). Mesopleuron entirely transversely striate (Fig. 16e). Submetapleural carina broadened anteriorly (Fig. 16e). Metapleuron strigose (Fig. 16e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area longitudinally striate; spiracular area smooth; posterior area coarsely rugose; propodeal spiracle elliptical, joined by ridge to pleural carina (Fig. 16e). WINGS (Fig. 16f). Fore wing with AI = 0.83, CI = 0.40, DI = 0.39, ICI = 0.83, SDI = 1.43, SI = 0.24, SRI = 0.34; vein 1m-cu&M strongly sinuate, angled medially; vein 2r&RS slightly sinuate; vein RS rather evenly curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 16f; proximal and distal sclerites absent; central sclerite nearly oval in shape, pigmented, positioned in centrodistal part of fenestra; proximal corner of marginal cell evenly setose; posterodistal corner of second discal cell ca 100° and of subbasal cell ca 95°; vein 1cu-a antefurcal to M&RS by 0.2× length of 1cu-a. Hind wing with NI = 2.0; vein RS relatively straight; vein RA with 9 uniform hamuli. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.8× as long as high; basitarsus 2.0× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 2.6× as long as wide; tarsal claws simply pectinate. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.4, PI = 2.8, THI = 2.7; thyridium oval; ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior height of metasoma. COLOUR (Fig. 16a). Reddish brown except for apex of mandible and posterior 0.6 of T3 onwards black. Wings hyaline; central sclerite pigmented and amber; veins and pterostigma dark brown. Variation in female Unknown. Male Similar to female, except for following characters: F1 2.0× as long as F2, F20 1.8 × as long as wide, FI = 0.7; fore wing length 15.8 mm, AI = 0.90, CI = 0.44, DI = 0.40, ICI = 0.90, SDI = 1.60, SI = 0.23, SRI = 0.27, vein 1m-cu&M with short ramellus, central sclerite circular; metasoma with DMI = 1.3, PI = 2.6, THI = 3.0. Distribution Currently known from Tuyen Quang Province in the northeast and Gia Lai Province, the Central Highlands of Vietnam.

Enicospilus tuani sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5D3480D5-2721-47A5-943C-1EA2025B9ECF Fig. 79 Diagnosis Interocellar area yellowish brown; clypeus weakly convex, ventral margin acute; mandible short, twisted ca 50°, outer surface without a diagonal setose groove, upper tooth about 1.5 × longer than the lower tooth; fore wing darkened anteriorly, fenestra with proximal, central and distal sclerites present, central sclerite oval, its maximum diameter less than its distance from vein 2r&RS; mesoscutum posteriorly black. Differential diagnosis The new species resembles E. acutus Shimizu, 2020 in general colour pattern. It can be recognized from the latter by the less twisted mandible (50° vs 80–85°), longer antenna (63 flagellomeres vs 53–55), smaller AI (0.61 vs 0.98–1.11), greater ICI (0.77 vs 0.46–0.53) and with more hamuli on hind wing vein RA (9 hamuli vs 5–7). Etymology Named after Mr Nguyen Van Tuan who collected the holotype specimen. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♀; Gia Lai Province, Kon Chu Rang NP; 27 May 2019; Nguyen V.T. leg.; light trap; IEBR. Paratype VIETNAM • 1 ♀; Quang Nam Province, Tay Giang, TrʼHy; 10 Jul. 2019; Phan Q.T. leg.; light trap; IEBR. Description Female (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 25.5 mm, fore wing length 19.6 mm. HEAD with FI = 0.7, GOI = 2.9 (Fig. 79d). Lower face 0.7 × as wide as high, shiny (Fig. 79b). Clypeus 1.6× as wide as high, weakly convex in profile, coriaceous, ventral margin acute (Fig. 79b). Malar space 0.2× as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 79b). Mandible twisted by ca 50°, moderately long, evenly narrowed, outer surface without diagonal setose groove (Fig. 79b). Upper tooth of mandible about 1.5× as long as lower tooth (Fig. 79b). Frons and vertex smooth, vertex with sparse setae, gena shiny, with fine setae (Fig. 79c–d). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 79c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 0.9× basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna with 63 flagellomeres; F1 1.8× as long as F2; F20 2.4 × as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny with setae (Fig. 79e). Pronotum wrinkled (Fig. 79e). Mesoscutum 1.4× as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notauli absent. Scutellum strongly convex, punctate anteriorly, with transverse striae medially, posteriorly wrinkled, lateral longitudinal carinae present along entire length of scutellum. Epicnemium matt, densely punctate (Fig. 79e). Epicnemial carina moderately strong, dorsal end bent towards and almost reching anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 79e). Mesopleuron striate (Fig. 79e). Submetapleural carina broadened anteriorly (Fig. 79e). Metapleuron strigose (Fig. 79e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area longitudinally striate; spiracular area smooth; posterior area concentrically striate; propodeal spiracle elliptical and joining pleural carina by ridge (Fig. 79e). WINGS (Fig. 79f). Fore wing with AI = 0.61, CI = 0.31, DI = 0.30, ICI = 0.77, SDI = 1.35, SI = 0.14, SRI = 0.19; vein 1m-cu&M sinuate; vein 2r&RS slightly sinuate; vein RS curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 79f; proximal sclerite triangular, not confluent with distal sclerite, strongly pigmented; central sclerite oval, pigmented, positioned in center of fenestra; distal sclerite pigmented; proximal corner of marginal cell evenly setose; posterodistal corner of second discal cell ca 95° and that of subbasal cell ca 90°; vein 1cu-a antefurcal to M&RS by 0.3× length of 1cu-a. Hind wing with NI = 3.8; vein RS slightly curved; vein RA with 9 uniform hamuli. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.6× as long as high; basitarsus 2.0× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 1.8× as long as wide; tarsal claw simply pectinate. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.4, PI = 2.7, THI = 4.5; thyridium oval; ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior height of metasoma. COLOUR (Fig. 79a). Reddish brown except for apex of mandible, posterior half of mesoscutum, tegula and metasoma from T3 onwards black. Wing darkened anteriorly; sclerites pigmented and amber; veins brown to black, pterostigma black. Variation in female Fore wing AI = 0.56, CI = 0.33, ICI = 0.79, SDI = 1.31, SRI = 0.21; hind wing NI = 3.5; face with small black spot mediodorsally. Male Unknown. Distribution Currently known only from Quang Nam and Gia Lai provinces in South Central and Central Highlands of Vietnam.

Enicospilus gialaiensis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 96580CD1-745C-42A6-A21B-CB86D0ADE825 Fig. 33 Diagnosis Interocellar area yellow; clypeus flat, ventral margin subblunt; mandible moderately stout, twisted ca 20°, outer surface without a diagonal setose groove; fore wing fenestra with proximal, central and distal sclerites, proximal sclerite large, triangular, connected to distal sclerite; S6–8 of male without long stout erect setae on posterior margins. Differential diagnosis The new species can be distinguished from E. selmatos Chiu, 1954 by the wider lower face (0.82× as wide as high vs 0.67–0.75×), the shape of fore wing fenestra sclerites, and the S6–8 of the male lacking long stout erect setae on posterior margins. The new species resembles to E. helena Gauld & Mitchell, 1981 in the shapes of the sclerites. It differs from the latter by its propodeum lacking any vestiges of the posterior transverse carina. Etymology Named after the type locality, Gia Lai Province. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♂; Gia Lai Province, Kon Ka Kinh NP; 14.29675° N, 108.44949° E; 578 m a.s.l.; 28 Apr. 2022; Pham V.P. leg; light trap; IEBR. Description Male (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 20.2 mm, fore wing length 13.7 mm. HEAD with FI = 0.5, GOI = 2.0 (Fig. 33d). Lower face 0.82 × as wide as high, densely finely punctate (Fig. 33b). Clypeus 1.6 × as wide as high, flat in profile, finely punctate, ventral margin subblunt (Fig. 33b). Malar space 0.3 × as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 33b). Mandible twisted by ca 20°, moderately stout, outer surface without diagonal setose groove (Fig. 33b). Upper tooth of mandible about 1.4 × as long as lower tooth (Fig. 33b). Frons and vertex shiny, with sparse setae (Fig. 33c). Gena moderately shiny, with dense, fine setae (Fig. 33d). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 33c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 1.0 × basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna with 53 flagellomeres; F1 1.7 × as long as F2; F20 1.8× as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny (Fig. 33e). Pronotum coriaceous (Fig. 33e). Mesoscutum 1.5× as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notaulus absent. Scutellum moderately convex, punctate anteriorly, rugose posteriorly, lateral longitudinal carinae present along entire length of scutellum. Epicnemium matt, densely punctate (Fig. 33e). Epicnemial carina moderately strong, present on ventral half of mesopleuron, dorsal end bent towards anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 33e). Mesopleuron puncto-striate (Fig. 33e). Submetapleural carina distinctly broadened anteriorly (Fig. 33e). Metapleuron coriaceous (Fig. 33e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area with striations; spiracular area smooth; posterior area concentrically striate; propodeal spiracle elliptical and not joined to pleural carina by ridge (Fig. 33e). WINGS (Fig. 33f). Fore wing with AI = 0.83, CI = 0.53, DI = 0.27, ICI = 0.54, SDI = 1.37, SI = 0.10, SRI = 0.24; vein 1m-cu&M evenly arcuate; vein 2r&RS weakly sinuous; vein RS strongly curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 33f; proximal sclerite strongly pigmented, broadly triangular, 0.5 × as high as maximum width, distal sclerite connecting to proximal sclerite, central sclerite oval, positioned in centro-distal part of fenestra, proximal corner of marginal cell evenly setose; posterodistal corner of second discal cell ca 110° and that of subbasal cell ca 70°; vein 1cu-a slightly antefurcal to M&RS. Hind wing with NI = 2.9; vein RS relatively straight; vein RA with 6 uniform hamuli. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.6× as long as high; basitarsus 1.6× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 2.1× as long as wide; tarsal claws simply pectinate. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.5, PI = 3.0, THI = 2.9; thyridium oval; sternites without long stout erect setae on posterior margins. COLOUR (Fig. 33a). Reddish brown, metasoma from T3 onwards black. Wings hyaline, sclerites pigmented and amber, veins and pterostigma black. Variation in male Unknown. Female Unknown. Distribution Currently known only from Gia Lai Province, the Central Highlands of Vietnam.

Enicospilus trui sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3A00D90F-B5FE-4F5E-A79C-C22F107FFB3A Fig. 78 Diagnosis Interocellar area black; clypeus convex, ventral margin impressed, acute; mandible twisted ca 20°, outer surface without a diagonal setose groove; fore wing fenestra with proximal and distal sclerites, both strongly pigmented, proximal sclerite more or less crescentic and distal sclerite linear; hind tarsal claws with distal pecten projecting beyond apical tooth. Differential diagnosis The new species can be distinguished from E. bakerielli Gauld & Mitchell, 1981 by its outer surface of mandible without a diagonal setose groove or tuft of long setae; and by its fore wing fenestra without any darkened patches between proximal and distal sclerites. The new species can be recognized from E. circuliscleritalis sp. nov. by its smaller proximal sclerite and greater DMI (1.3–1.4 vs 1.2). Etymology Named after Mr Hoang Vu Tru, an entomologist from IEBR who collected the type specimens of the new species. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♂; Lam Dong Province, Bidoup - Nui Ba NP; 3 Jun. 2013; Hoang V.T. leg; light trap; IEBR. Paratype VIETNAM • 1 ♀; Dong Nai Province, Vinh Cuu, Phu Ly; 1 Aug. 2008; Hoang V.T. leg; light trap; IEBR. Description Male (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 14.1 mm, fore wing length 10.5 mm. HEAD with FI = 0.5, GOI = 3.7 (Fig. 78d). Lower face 0.7 × as wide as high, shiny, finely punctate (Fig. 78b). Clypeus 1.4 × as wide as high, similarly sculptured as face, convex in profile, ventral margin impressed, acute (Fig. 78b). Malar space 0.3× as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 78b). Mandible twisted by ca 20°, outer surface without diagonal setose groove (Fig. 78b). Upper tooth of mandible about 1.4× as long as lower tooth (Fig. 78b). Frons and vertex smooth (Fig. 78c). Gena moderately shiny, with dense, fine setae (Fig. 78d). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 78c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 1.0 × basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna broken, with 31 remaining flagellomeres; F1 2.0 × as long as F2; F20 2.2× as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny (Fig. 78e). Pronotum coriaceous (Fig. 78e). Mesoscutum 1.4× as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notauli absent. Scutellum moderately convex, finely punctate, lateral longitudinal carinae present along entire length of scutellum. Epicnemium densely punctate (Fig. 78e). Epicnemial carina moderately strong, present on ventral 0.7 of mesopleuron, dorsal end bent to reach anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 78e). Mesopleuron moderately shiny, densely striate (Fig. 78e). Submetapleural carina broadened anteriorly (Fig. 78e). Metapleuron matt, with irregular wrinkles (Fig. 78e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area coriaceous, with several rugae; spiracular area smooth; posterior area rugose; propodeal spiracle elliptical and joining pleural carina by weak ridge (Fig. 78e). WINGS (Fig. 78f). Fore wing with AI = 1.6, CI = 0.23, DI = 0.49, ICI = 0.31, SDI = 0.7, SI = 0.2, SRI = 0.49; vein 1m-cu&M evenly arcuate; vein 2r&RS thick and strongly sinuous proximally, abruptly narrowed and straight distally; vein RS strongly curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 78f; proximal sclerite strong, more or less crescentic, distal sclerite thick, linear, distal end close to angulation at distal 0.3 of vein 2r&RS; proximal corner of marginal cell evenly setose; posterodistal corner of second discal cell ca 75° and that of subbasal cell ca 45°; vein 1cu-a interstitial to M&RS. Hind wing with NI = 2.4; vein RS weakly curved; vein RA with 5 uniform hamuli on right wing and with 6 hamuli on left wing. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.7× as long as high; basitarsus 1.7× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 2.0× as long as wide; tarsal claws with distal pecten projecting beyond apical tooth. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.3, PI = 3.6, THI = 4.2; thyridium oval; S4–7 with long stout erect setae on posterior margins. COLOUR (Fig. 78a). Reddish brown with black markings as follow: apex of mandible, face and frons medially, interocellar area, mesosoma (except prothorax), metasoma from T4 onwards (except anterior 0.5 of T4 dorsally). Wings hyaline with an darkened area at proximal corner of marginal cell, sclerites dark brown, veins brown to dark brown, pterostigma black. Female Similar to male except following: antenna (unbroken) with 59 flagellomeres; fore wing length 11.2 mm, AI = 1.2, CI = 0.32, ICI = 0.31, SI = 0.15; metasoma with DMI = 1.4, ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior height of metasoma. Distribution Currently known only from Lam Dong Province (the Central Highland of Vietnam) and Dong Nai Province (South Vietnam).

Enicospilus melanothoracicus sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 21308D96-984C-47C7-B7FC-1147F57B98BD Fig. 49 Diagnosis Interocellar area black; clypeus convex, ventral margin acute; mandible short, twisted 80–85°, outer surface without a diagonal setose groove; fore wing fenestra with proximal, central and distal sclerites, central sclerite small, oval, positioned at centre of fenestra; mesopleuron and metapleuron densely striate. Differential diagnosis The new species can be recognized from E. xanthocephalus Cameron, 1905 by the acute ventral margin of the clypeus, the proximal sclerite joining the proximal margin of the fenestra, the size and position of the central sclerite, the presence of the distal sclerite that joining the proximal sclerite and the colouration. Etymology The Greek adjective ‘ melanos ʼ means ‘blackʼ, combined with adjective derived from the Greek noun thorax, the specific epithet ‘ melanothoracicus ʼ meaning ‘with black thoraxʼ, referring to the black pattern of the thorax. Material examined Holotype VIETNAM • ♀; Vinh Phuc Province, Me Linh Station for Biodiversity; 20 Mar. 2021; Tran D.D. leg.; Malaise trap; IEBR Paratypes VIETNAM • 1 ♀; Thai Nguyen Province, Vo Nhai, Than Sa; 16 Oct. 2004; Ta H.T. and Hoang V.T. leg.; light trap; IEBR • 1 [sex unknown]; Ninh Binh, Trang An Landscape Complex; 23 Jun. 2017; Pham T.N. leg.; hand net; IEBR. Description Female (holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Body length 13.2 mm, fore wing length 9.8 mm. HEAD with FI = 0.5, GOI = 3.0 (Fig. 49d). Lower face 0.6× as wide as high, moderately shiny (Fig. 49b). Clypeus 1.4× as wide as high, convex in profile, smooth, ventral margin acute (Fig. 49b). Malar space 0.2× as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 49b). Mandible twisted by ca 85°, short, strongly narrowed apically, outer surface without diagonal setose groove (Fig. 49b). Upper tooth of mandible about 1.2× as long as lower tooth (Fig. 49b). Frons and vertex polished, gena shiny with fine setae (Fig. 49c–d). Posterior ocellus close to eye (Fig. 49c). Occipital carina complete, ventral end meeting hypostomal carina at about 0.7 × basal mandible width from base of mandible. Antenna with 45 flagellomeres; F1 1.8× as long as F2; F20 2.9× as long as wide. MESOSOMA. Moderately shiny (Fig. 49e). Pronotum finely striate medially (Fig. 49e). Mesoscutum 1.4× as long as maximum width, evenly rounded in profile. Notaulus absent. Scutellum moderately convex, shiny with small punctures anteriorly, posteriorly with several rugae, lateral longitudinal carinae present along entire length of scutellum. Epicnemium matt, ventrally densely punctate, dorsally densely striate (Fig. 49e). Epicnemial carina moderately strong, present on ventral half of mesopleuron, dorsal end not bent towards anterior margin of mesopleuron (Fig. 49e). Mesopleuron densely striate (Fig. 49e). Submetapleural carina broadened anteriorly (Fig. 49e). Metapleuron densely striate (Fig. 49e). Propodeum evenly rounded in profile; anterior transverse carina complete; anterior area longitudinally striate; spiracular area smooth; posterior area weakly rugose; propodeal spiracle elliptical and joining pleural carina by ridge (Fig. 49e). WINGS (Fig. 49f). Fore wing with AI = 1.74, CI = 0.22, DI = 0.41, ICI = 0.43, SDI = 1.1, SI = 0.25, SRI = 0.33; vein 1m-cu&M strongly arcuate; vein 2r&RS relatively straight, thickened medially, with posterior bulb; vein RS strongly curved; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell as in Fig. 49f; proximal sclerite triangular, strongly pigmented, confluent with weak distal sclerite; central sclerite small, oval, positioned in centre of fenestra; proximal corner of marginal cell evenly hirsute; posterodistal corner of second discal cell ca 50° and that of subbasal cell ca 85°; vein 1cu-a sub-interstitial to M&RS. Hind wing with NI = 2.0; vein RS straight; vein RA with 5 uniform hamuli. LEGS. Hind leg with coxa in profile 1.9× as long as high; basitarsus 1.7× as long as second tarsomere; fourth tarsomere 2.0× as long as wide; tarsal claws with proximal pecten longer than distal ones. METASOMA. With DMI = 1.3, PI = 2.9, THI = 3.6; thyridium oval; ovipositor sheath not longer than posterior height of metasoma. COLOUR (Fig. 49a). Reddish brown except for apex of mandible, face and frons medially, interocellar area, three longitudinal stripes of mesoscutum, of which two lateral stripes meet at black area in front of scutellum, mesosternum, ventral 0.8 of mesopleuron, ventral 0.8 of metapleuron and metasoma from T5 onwards black. Wings hyaline; sclerites pigmented and amber; veins dark brown, pterostigma reddish brown. Variation in female Fore wing length 9.1–9.6 mm, AI = 2.00–2.10, CI= 0.29–0.33, DI = 0.42–0.48, ICI = 0.32–0.34, SDI = 1.00–1.07, SI = 0.24, SRI = 0.35–0.42. Hind wing with NI = 1.7–1.8, vein RA with 5–6 uniform hamuli. Female paratype from Thai Nguyen Province has 44 flagellomeres. Lower face of the paratype from Ninh Binh Province (sex unknown since its terminal metasomal tergites are missing) about 0.7 × as broad as high and FI = 0.6. Male Unknown. Distribution Currently known from Thai Nguyen and Vinh Phuc provinces in the northeast and from Ninh Binh Province in the northwest Vietnam.

Stauropoctonus inaequalis new species (Figures 1B, 2C, 2D, 4, 5B) Material examined. Holotype: female (IEBR), VIETNAM, Lao Cai Province, Sapa, 1600 m, 27 May 1997, R. Matsumoto coll.; Paratypes: 1 female (IEBR), VIETNAM, Lao Cai Province, Bat Xat Nature Reserve, 22°37’37”N 103°37’32”E, 1,840 m, 29 May 2022, light trap, T. N. Pham & T. H. Dang coll.; 2 females (IEBR), VIETNAM, Lai Chau Province, Sin Ho, Sa De Phin, 22°18’18”N 103°13’37”E, 1,760 m, 31 May 2022, light trap, T. N. Pham & T. H. Dang coll.; 1 female (IEBR), Lai Chau Province, Sin Ho, Ta Ngao, 22°16’19”N 103°14’54”E, 1,520 m, 1 June 2022, light trap, T. N. Pham & T. H. Dang coll. Diagnosis. Reddish yellow with black/brown markings on mesoscutum and posterior tergite; occipital carina entirely absent; mesosternum with posterior transverse carina complete but weak medially; fore wing vein 1cu-a opposite M&RS. Description of holotype. Head with FI = 0.67, GOI = 3.4, ECI = 0.7. Antenna with 72 flagellomeres, first flagellomere 4.3× longer than wide, 1.8× length of second, 20 th flagellomere 1.8× as long as wide; lower face 0.65× as wide as high, mat, with small punctures, pubescent; clypeus 1.6× as wide as high, separated from face by weak impression; malar space short, about 0.3× mandibular basal width (Fig. 4D); occipital carina completely absent. Mesosoma. Pronotum subpolished, densely finely punctate, except ventral wrinkled area, epomia absent; mesoscutum about 1.5× as long as its maximum width, mat, with dense setae; scutellum strongly convex, with coarse punctures, dense setae, with lateral carina present basally, with strong winkles posteriorly (Fig. 4B); epicnemial carina weakly present on ventral half, upper end turning towards anterior margin; mesopleuron subpolished, with fine punctures (Fig. 4A); mesosternum with posterior transverse carina complete but weak medially (Fig. 5B); metapleuron densely punctate (Fig. 4A); propodeum with anterior area striated, spiracular area coriaceous, pubescent (Fig. 4C). Wings (Figs 2C, 2D). Fore wing length ca. 19.0 mm with AI = 0.67, CI = 0.84, DI= 0.55, ICI = 1.1, SDI = 0.94, SI = 0.26, SRI = 0.42, vein 1m-cu&M sinuate, vein 1cu-a opposite M&RS, postero-distal corner of second discal cell ca. 90°, postero-distal corner of subbasal cell ca. 40°. Hind wing with NI = 1.2, BCI = 0.61, left hind wing vein RA with 10 hamuli, right one with 11 hamuli. Legs. Hind coxa about 2.4× as long as its maximum width, hind femur 0.7× as long as hind tibia, hind basitarsus 2.2× as long as second tarsomere, hind fourth tarsomere 3.2× as long as wide. Metasoma with PI = 3, DMI = 1.2, LMI = 4.3, THI = 2.8; T1 with straight petiole; T2 with elongate thyridium. Colour. Reddish yellow with black markings on interocellar area and median part of T3 dorsally; mesoscutum with three brown stripes, T5 onwards brown; wing veins reddish brown to black, pterostigma reddish. Variations. Female paratypes have antenna with 72–74 flagellomeres, first flagellomere 4.0–4.5× longer than wide, 20 th flagellomere 1.8–1.9× as long as wide; lower face 0.63–0.67× as wide as high; the fore wing length from 18.8–19.5 mm with AI = 0.7–0.8, DI= 0.53–0.55, ICI = 1.1–1.2, SDI = 0.94–0.96, SI = 0.24–0.26, SRI = 0.40–0.45; hind wing with NI = 1.1–1.3, hind wing vein RA with 9–11. The female paratype from Bat Xat Nature Reserve has three black stripes on mesoscutum and its mesosternum with black markings. Male. Unknown. Comparative notes. In Shimizu & Lima (2017), the new species keys to Stauropoctonus torresi Gauld, 1977. It differs from the latter in its entirely reddish antenna, and the punctate metapleuron. In addition, the new species has the posterior transverse carina of mesosternum complete but weak medially. Etymology. Named derived from the posterior transverse carina of its mesosternum unevenly strong. Distribution. Currently known only from montane evergreen forest at elevation from 1520–1840 m of Lao Cai and Lai Chau provinces, Northwest Vietnam. The new species can be inserted in the key to the world species of Stauropoctonus by Shimizu & Lima (2017) as follows: 3. Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum complete (except weak medially in case of S. inaequalis). Laterotergite of T2 folded beneath tergites. Australasian, Oriental, and Palaearctic....................................................... 4 - Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum incomplete. Laterotergite of T2 pendant. Neotropical...................... 7 6. Postero-distal corner of subbasal cell of fore wing 50– 800. Fore wing CI = 0.5–0.7. Australasian, Oriental and Palaearctic......................................................................... S. bombycivorus (Gravenhorst, 1829) - Postero-distal corner of subbasal cell of fore wing 40– 450. Fore wing CI = 0.8–1.1.................................6’ 6’ Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum complete and entirely strong. Antenna blackish, distally slightly orange. Metapleuron coarsely wrinkled to reticulate. Australasian and Oriental.................................. S. torresi Gauld, 1977 - Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum complete but weak medially. Antenna entirely reddish. Metapleuron punctate. Oriental (Vietnam)....................................................................... S. inaequalis sp. nov., Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Matsumoto, Rikio, Cao, Nga Thi Quynh & Shimizu, So, 2022, First record of the genus Stauropoctonus Brauns (Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae) from Vietnam, with description of a new species, pp. 142-150 in Zootaxa 5155 (1) on pages 144-149, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5155.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/6669382, {"references":["Shimizu, S. & Lima, A. R. (2017) Taxonomic revision of the genus Stauropoctonus Brauns, 1889 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae) in Japan. Entomological Science, 21 (1), 34 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / ens. 12279","Gauld, I. D. (1977) A review of the Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplementary Series No. 49, 1 - 112. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 049"]}

Species Paramacrobiotus metropolitanus sp. nov. Sugiura, Matsumoto & Kunieda, 2022 (Figs 1–7, Tables 2–3) Paramacrobiotus sp. TYO in: Sugiura et al. (2019), Hara et al. (2021), Sugiura & Matsumoto (2021), and Sugiura et al. (2022). Material examined Forty animals (NMST-Tg-281–310, NHMD-918038–918047, holotype: NMST-Tg-299) and 33 eggs (NMST-Tg-311–333, NHMD-918048–918057) were examined under light microscopes and were deposited in National Museum of Nature and Science (NMST), Tsukuba, Japan, and Natural History Museum (NHMD), Copenhagen, Denmark, respectively. In addition, over 30 animals and eggs were observed with the scanning electron microscope and stored in the laboratory of Keio University. Description Measurements and statistics of animals are given in Table 2. The Holotype is illustrated in Fig. 1A and a paratype observed with SEM in Figs 1B–C. Adult P. metropolitanus sp. nov. specimens whitish under dark-field illumination, the juvenile transparent (data not shown). Eyes absent in live animals. Mouth anteroventral (Figs 2A–C). Buccopharyngeal apparatus the Macrobiotus type, with ten peribuccal lamellae around the mouth (Fig. 2A). Numerous conical teeth present, forming the first band of teeth posterior to the peribuccal lamellae. Conical teeth present at just behind the ring fold, forming the second band, and ridges parallel to the main axis of the buccal tube as the third band (Figs 2A–C). Approximately 20–30 small and sharp ridges on the second band, and two to four larger ridges on the third band (Fig. 2A–C). Three macroplacoids present in the pharynx, the length sequence 2hufelandi type (Y-shaped, Figs 3–4). Smooth cuticle with a cuticular bulge on the inner side of legs I–III (Fig. 3), whereas granulation on the inner surface of leg IV visible under both PCM and SEM (Figs 4A–B). Primary branches with two distinct accessory points (Fig. 4C). A long common tract with a stalk connects the claw to the lunule. Lunules smooth (Fig. 4C). Smooth body cuticle without pores, sculpturing or granulation (Figs 1 and 5). Muscle attachments (apodemes/cribriform areas) clearly visible on the cuticle, with two holes, each with densely packed pores (Fig. 5). Eggs laid freely, yellow yolk seen internally and transparent conical processes on the surface present in PCM (Figs 6A–B). Reticulated pattern with annual rings present on the surface of the processes, with slightly rough tops (Figs 6C–D). Approximately 10 areolae around each process on the surface of the egg (Fig. 6B). Smooth surface of areoles (Fig. 6E). Morphometric data are available in Table 3. All morphometric data are listed in Supporting Materials SM.01. Type locality 35.742983°N, 139.549757°E; 55 m asl: Japan, Honshu mainland, Kanto region, Tokyo, Nishi-Tokyo city, Tozenji temple; urban cemetery; bamboo leaf litter. The locality described in Sugiura et al. (2019) was corrected in Hara et al. (2021). Etymology The species name of “ metropolitanus ” refers to the Tokyo Metropolitan Area (Tokyo Cho-mei mushi in Japanese), the region where the species was collected. Sequence data We confirmed 100% matches between the sequence of PCR-amplicon and the sequence retrieved from the published genome of the species for 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA and ITS-2 sequences. As for COI sequence, one mismatched base was found between the sequence of 658 bp PCR-amplicon and the sequence retrieved from the genome. The sequences were deposited in GenBank with IDs: LC637243 (18S rDNA), LC649795 (28S rDNA of the PCR amplicon using primer-set of 28S_Eutar_F and 28SR0090), LC649797 (28S rDNA of the PCR amplicon using primer-set of 28SF0001 and 28SR0990), LC649794 (ITS-2), LC637242 (COI sequence deduced from the genome), and LC649796 (COI sequence of PCR-amplicon). Phenotypic differential diagnosis The new species P. metropolitanus sp. nov. with microplacoid, smooth lunules, and its egg without pored surface on the areolae is similar to the following seven species but differs specifically from (data from original descriptions of the compared species): • P. danielae Pilato, Binda, Napolitano & Moncada 2001, known from Ecuador and Peru, by the lack of eyes, and the lack of body granulation, larger body length (200–390 μm in P. danielae vs 393–711 μm in the new species). • P. experimentalis, known only from Madagascar, by the lack of wrinkled surface on the egg areolae, the presence of cuticular bulge on inner surface of claws I–III and granulation on inner surface of leg IV. • P. garynahi Kaczmarek, Michalczyk & Diduszko, 2005, known only from Russia, by the lack of oval pores on the cuticle, the lack of granulation in the first three pairs of legs, the lack of a cap-like structure on the top of the egg process, smaller egg bare diameter (96.0–132.0 μm in P. garynahi vs 58.1–90.1 μm in the new species), and by a smaller egg diameter with processes (142.0–180.0 μm in P. garynahi vs 81.7–112.1 μm in the new species). • P. hapukuensis Pilato, Bind & Lisi, 2006, known only from New Zealand, by the lack of finger-shaped apices of egg processes, and the presence of leg granulation. • P. peteri Pilato, Claxton & Binda, 1989, known only from Australia and Indonesia (Pilato et al. 1989; Pilato and Binda, 1990; Mackness, 2003), by the lack of a cuticular thickening near the lunules I–III, the lack of subdivided apices of egg processes, a lower number of processes on the egg circumference (16–18 in P. peteri vs 10–15 in the new species), and by a higher number of areolae around egg processes (6–7 in P. peteri, approximately 10 in the new species). • P. rioplatensis Claps & Rossi, 1997, known only from Uruguay, by the lack of eyespots, a larger body (227– 372 μm in P. rioplatensis vs 392.5–710.8 μm in the new species), a longer buccal tube (38 μm in P. rioplatensis, over 40–58.4 μm in the new species), a larger egg full diameter (68–79 μm in P. rioplatensis vs 81.7–112.1 μm in the new species), the lack of the a filament-shaped apex of egg processes, higher egg processes (4.6 μm height in P. rioplatensis vs over 7.4 μm in the new species), and by a lower number of processes on the egg circumference (17–19 in P. rioplatensis vs 10–15 in the new species). • P. savai Binda & Pilato, 2001, known from only Sri Lanka, by the lack of eyespots, the lack of a cuticular thickening near the lunules of the first three legs, a different egg process shapes (blunt in P. savai vs conical in the new species), and by a slightly smaller egg full diameter (115 μm in P. savai vs 81.7–112.1 μm in the new species). Genetic differential diagnosis Below is a summary of genetic p-distances, whereas detailed matrices are available in Supporting Material SM.02. • 18S rDNA: 0.5%–3.6%, with the most similar species being P. experimentalis from Madagascar (MN073467 –8 and MH664938) and the least similar being P. areolatus NO. 385 from Svalbard (MH664931). • 28S rDNA: 0.98–7.5%, with the most similar species being P.experimentalis (MN073465 –6and MH664956) and the least being Paramacrobiotus tonollii Ramazzotti, 1956 strain US.035 from USA (MH664963). • ITS-2: 9.9–33.9%, with the most similar species being P. experimentalis (MH073463 –4 and MH666087) and the least similar species being P. tonollii (GQ403679, MH666096). • COI: 21.2–32.6%, with the most similar species being Paramacrobiotus sp. strain TZ.018 from Tanzania (MH676017) and with the least similar species being Paramacrobiotus depressus Guidetti, Cesari, Bertolani, Altiero & Rebecchi, 2019 from Italy (MK041013). Phylogeny The supported bootstrap values of ML trees were usually low (P. kenianus, P. experimentalis, and an undescribed species from Tanzania) and the Neotropics (two unidentified species from Brazil). Genetic species delineation Both, the ITS-2 and the COI BI trees indicated that the cluster of P. metropolitanus sp. nov. is a separate species with>93% probabilities by both maximum likelihood and Bayesian supported solutions. (A) SEM image of the postero-dorsal surface of P. metropolitanus sp. nov. (B) Magnified image of dorsal cuticle apodemes corresponding to the white dashed box in A. (C) Magnified image of the left apodemes in B. White-filled indented arrowheads indicate the apodemes. Scale bars = μm.

Species Paramacrobiotus metropolitanus sp. nov. Sugiura, Matsumoto & Kunieda, 2022 (Figs 1–7, Tables 2–3) Paramacrobiotus sp. TYO in: Sugiura et al. (2019), Hara et al. (2021), Sugiura & Matsumoto (2021), and Sugiura et al. (2022). Material examined Forty animals (NMST-Tg-281–310, NHMD-918038–918047, holotype: NMST-Tg-299) and 33 eggs (NMST-Tg-311–333, NHMD-918048–918057) were examined under light microscopes and were deposited in National Museum of Nature and Science (NMST), Tsukuba, Japan, and Natural History Museum (NHMD), Copenhagen, Denmark, respectively. In addition, over 30 animals and eggs were observed with the scanning electron microscope and stored in the laboratory of Keio University. Description Measurements and statistics of animals are given in Table 2. The Holotype is illustrated in Fig. 1A and a paratype observed with SEM in Figs 1B–C. Adult P. metropolitanus sp. nov. specimens whitish under dark-field illumination, the juvenile transparent (data not shown). Eyes absent in live animals. Mouth anteroventral (Figs 2A–C). Buccopharyngeal apparatus the Macrobiotus type, with ten peribuccal lamellae around the mouth (Fig. 2A). Numerous conical teeth present, forming the first band of teeth posterior to the peribuccal lamellae. Conical teeth present at just behind the ring fold, forming the second band, and ridges parallel to the main axis of the buccal tube as the third band (Figs 2A–C). Approximately 20–30 small and sharp ridges on the second band, and two to four larger ridges on the third band (Fig. 2A–C). Three macroplacoids present in the pharynx, the length sequence 2hufelandi type (Y-shaped, Figs 3–4). Smooth cuticle with a cuticular bulge on the inner side of legs I–III (Fig. 3), whereas granulation on the inner surface of leg IV visible under both PCM and SEM (Figs 4A–B). Primary branches with two distinct accessory points (Fig. 4C). A long common tract with a stalk connects the claw to the lunule. Lunules smooth (Fig. 4C). Smooth body cuticle without pores, sculpturing or granulation (Figs 1 and 5). Muscle attachments (apodemes/cribriform areas) clearly visible on the cuticle, with two holes, each with densely packed pores (Fig. 5). Eggs laid freely, yellow yolk seen internally and transparent conical processes on the surface present in PCM (Figs 6A–B). Reticulated pattern with annual rings present on the surface of the processes, with slightly rough tops (Figs 6C–D). Approximately 10 areolae around each process on the surface of the egg (Fig. 6B). Smooth surface of areoles (Fig. 6E). Morphometric data are available in Table 3. All morphometric data are listed in Supporting Materials SM.01. Type locality 35.742983°N, 139.549757°E; 55 m asl: Japan, Honshu mainland, Kanto region, Tokyo, Nishi-Tokyo city, Tozenji temple; urban cemetery; bamboo leaf litter. The locality described in Sugiura et al. (2019) was corrected in Hara et al. (2021). Etymology The species name of “ metropolitanus ” refers to the Tokyo Metropolitan Area (Tokyo Cho-mei mushi in Japanese), the region where the species was collected. Sequence data We confirmed 100% matches between the sequence of PCR-amplicon and the sequence retrieved from the published genome of the species for 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA and ITS-2 sequences. As for COI sequence, one mismatched base was found between the sequence of 658 bp PCR-amplicon and the sequence retrieved from the genome. The sequences were deposited in GenBank with IDs: LC637243 (18S rDNA), LC649795 (28S rDNA of the PCR amplicon using primer-set of 28S_Eutar_F and 28SR0090), LC649797 (28S rDNA of the PCR amplicon using primer-set of 28SF0001 and 28SR0990), LC649794 (ITS-2), LC637242 (COI sequence deduced from the genome), and LC649796 (COI sequence of PCR-amplicon). Phenotypic differential diagnosis The new species P. metropolitanus sp. nov. with microplacoid, smooth lunules, and its egg without pored surface on the areolae is similar to the following seven species but differs specifically from (data from original descriptions of the compared species): • P. danielae Pilato, Binda, Napolitano & Moncada 2001, known from Ecuador and Peru, by the lack of eyes, and the lack of body granulation, larger body length (200–390 μm in P. danielae vs 393–711 μm in the new species). • P. experimentalis, known only from Madagascar, by the lack of wrinkled surface on the egg areolae, the presence of cuticular bulge on inner surface of claws I–III and granulation on inner surface of leg IV. • P. garynahi Kaczmarek, Michalczyk & Diduszko, 2005, known only from Russia, by the lack of oval pores on the cuticle, the lack of granulation in the first three pairs of legs, the lack of a cap-like structure on the top of the egg process, smaller egg bare diameter (96.0–132.0 μm in P. garynahi vs 58.1–90.1 μm in the new species), and by a smaller egg diameter with processes (142.0–180.0 μm in P. garynahi vs 81.7–112.1 μm in the new species). • P. hapukuensis Pilato, Bind & Lisi, 2006, known only from New Zealand, by the lack of finger-shaped apices of egg processes, and the presence of leg granulation. • P. peteri Pilato, Claxton & Binda, 1989, known only from Australia and Indonesia (Pilato et al. 1989; Pilato and Binda, 1990; Mackness, 2003), by the lack of a cuticular thickening near the lunules I–III, the lack of subdivided apices of egg processes, a lower number of processes on the egg circumference (16–18 in P. peteri vs 10–15 in the new species), and by a higher number of areolae around egg processes (6–7 in P. peteri, approximately 10 in the new species). • P. rioplatensis Claps & Rossi, 1997, known only from Uruguay, by the lack of eyespots, a larger body (227– 372 μm in P. rioplatensis vs 392.5–710.8 μm in the new species), a longer buccal tube (38 μm in P. rioplatensis, over 40–58.4 μm in the new species), a larger egg full diameter (68–79 μm in P. rioplatensis vs 81.7–112.1 μm in the new species), the lack of the a filament-shaped apex of egg processes, higher egg processes (4.6 μm height in P. rioplatensis vs over 7.4 μm in the new species), and by a lower number of processes on the egg circumference (17–19 in P. rioplatensis vs 10–15 in the new species). • P. savai Binda & Pilato, 2001, known from only Sri Lanka, by the lack of eyespots, the lack of a cuticular thickening near the lunules of the first three legs, a different egg process shapes (blunt in P. savai vs conical in the new species), and by a slightly smaller egg full diameter (115 μm in P. savai vs 81.7–112.1 μm in the new species). Genetic differential diagnosis Below is a summary of genetic p-distances, whereas detailed matrices are available in Supporting Material SM.02. • 18S rDNA: 0.5%–3.6%, with the most similar species being P. experimentalis from Madagascar (MN073467 –8 and MH664938) and the least similar being P. areolatus NO. 385 from Svalbard (MH664931). • 28S rDNA: 0.98–7.5%, with the most similar species being P.experimentalis (MN073465 –6and MH664956) and the least being Paramacrobiotus tonollii Ramazzotti, 1956 strain US.035 from USA (MH664963). • ITS-2: 9.9–33.9%, with the most similar species being P. experimentalis (MH073463 –4 and MH666087) and the least similar species being P. tonollii (GQ403679, MH666096). • COI: 21.2–32.6%, with the most similar species being Paramacrobiotus sp. strain TZ.018 from Tanzania (MH676017) and with the least similar species being Paramacrobiotus depressus Guidetti, Cesari, Bertolani, Altiero & Rebecchi, 2019 from Italy (MK041013). Phylogeny The supported bootstrap values of ML trees were usually low (P. kenianus, P. experimentalis, and an undescribed species from Tanzania) and the Neotropics (two unidentified species from Brazil). Genetic species delineation Both, the ITS-2 and the COI BI trees indicated that the cluster of P. metropolitanus sp. nov. is a separate species with>93% probabilities by both maximum likelihood and Bayesian supported solutions. (A) SEM image of the postero-dorsal surface of P. metropolitanus sp. nov. (B) Magnified image of dorsal cuticle apodemes corresponding to the white dashed box in A. (C) Magnified image of the left apodemes in B. White-filled indented arrowheads indicate the apodemes. Scale bars = μm., Published as part of Sugiura, Kenta, Matsumoto, Midori & Kunieda, Takekazu, 2022, Description of a model tardigrade Paramacrobiotus metropolitanus sp. nov (Eutardigrada) from Japan with a summary of its life history, reproduction and genomics, pp. 92-112 in Zootaxa 5134 (1) on pages 96-102, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5134.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6531340, {"references":["Sugiura, K., Minato, H., Suzuki, A. C., Arakawa, K., Kunieda, T. & Matsumoto, M. (2019) Comparison of sexual reproductive behaviors in two species of Macrobiotidae (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada). Zoological Science, 36 (2), 120 - 127. https: // doi. org / 10.2108 / zs 180103","Hara, Y., Shibahara, R., Kondo, K., Abe, W. & Kunieda T. (2021) Parallel evolution of trehalose production machinery in anhydrobiotic animals via recurrent gene loss and horizontal transfer. Open Biology, 11, 7. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rsob. 200413","Sugiura, K. & Matsumoto, M. (2021) Spermatozoa morphology changes during reproduction and first observation of acrosomal contact in two dioecious species of Macrobiotidae (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada). Zygote, 29, 42 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0967199420000490","Sugiura, K., Shiba, K., Inaba, K. & Matsumoto, M. (2022) Morphological differences in tardigrade spermatozoa induce variation in gamete motility. BMC Zoology, 7, 8. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 40850 - 022 - 00109 - w","Pilato, G., Binda, M. G., Napolitano, A. & Moncada E. (2001) Notes on South American tardigrades with the description of two new species: Pseudechiniscus spinerectus and Macrobiotus danielae. Tropical Zoology, 14, 2, 223 - 231. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03946975.2001.10531154","Kaczmarek. L., Michalczyk, L. & Diduszko, D. (2005) Some tardigrades from Siberia (Russia, Baikal region) with a description of Macrobiotus garynahi sp. nov. (Eutardigrada: Macrobiotidae: richtersi group). Zootaxa, 1053, 35 - 45. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1053.1.3","Pilato, G., Claxton, S. & Binda, M. G. (1989) Tardigrades from Australia. III. Echiniscus marcusi and Macrobiotus peteri, new species of tardigrades from New South Wales. Animalia, 16, 43 - 48.","Pilato, G. & Binda M. G. (1990) Notizie sui tardigradi muscicoli di Bali (Indonesia). Animalia, 17, 209 - 218.","Mackness, B. S. (2003) A review of nematophagy by terrestrial tardigrades with new observations on some Australian species. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 115, 1 - 5.","Claps, M. C. & Rossi, G. C. (1997) Tardigrados de Uruguay, com descripcion de dos nuevas especies (Echiniscidae, Macrobiotidae). Iheringia Serie Zoologia, 83, 17 - 22.","Guidetti, R., Cesari, M., Bertolani, R., Altiero, T. & Rebecchi, L. (2019) High diversity in species, reproductive modes and distribution within the Paramacrobiotus richtersi complex (Eutardigrada, Macrobiotidae). Zoological letters, 5 (1), 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 40851 - 018 - 0113 - z"]}

In recent years, the environment surrounding Japan’s agriculture andforestry industry has been severely affected by a shortage of bearers, anaging population, and the deterioration of farmland and forest land, leavingnot only those involved in agriculture and forestry but also many peopleinvolved in “food” feeling uncertain about the future.Under these circumstances, it is considered necessary to increase theincome of producers by adding value to agricultural products. In responseto this current state of agriculture, 6th industrialization is expected tocreate rural community industries that promote multifaceted communityrevitalization.From this perspective, this paper covers the case of 6th industrializationin Matsumoto Highland Agricultural Cooperative in Nagano Prefecture.Focusing particularly on the winery, this report clarifies the developmentprocess of 6th industrialization, specific efforts, and challenges faced by thecase.The paper clarifies, in particular, the role of 6th industrialization in thepromotion of agricultural production, as well as in the formation of regionalbrands.

本稿では、教育職員免許法施行規則の一部改正により義務化された教職課程の自己点検・評価に関する動向を踏まえ、松本大学で組織された教職課程自己点検・評価委員会の取り組みを中心に、教職課程の自己点検・評価の実施方法について考察した。特に、教職課程の自己点検・評価に係る法令改正等に関するこれまでの経緯を示したうえで、本学で取り組んだ教職課程の自己点検・評価の目的、実施体制、実施方法、実施のサイクル、全国私立大学教職課程協会（全私教協）モデルとの比較等について示した。また、各学部の3ポリシーと教職課程の関係について考察し、小・中学校等で学校教育法の規定に基づき実施している学校評価とを比較した。

松本大学教育実践改善賞は、学校法人松商学園の原点である戊戌学会の設立120周年を記念し、松本大学のさらなる発展と地域貢献により、地域における本学の社会的地位の向上を目指して、2018年に創設された。本賞は、「地域立大学」をスローガンとして掲げる本学が、長野県全体の教育振興および教職に就いた本学卒業生の力量向上に関して、これまで一定の役割を果たしてきた。本稿では、5年間の応募者状況を分析し、小学校教員および特別支援学校教員の応募が相対的に多い傾向があることを示した。また、年代別応募状況として20代の教員が多いことから、賞創設の趣旨でもある若手教員の職能成長に繋がることを考察した。

Stauropoctonus inaequalis new species (Figures 1B, 2C, 2D, 4, 5B) Material examined. Holotype: female (IEBR), VIETNAM, Lao Cai Province, Sapa, 1600 m, 27 May 1997, R. Matsumoto coll.; Paratypes: 1 female (IEBR), VIETNAM, Lao Cai Province, Bat Xat Nature Reserve, 22°37’37”N 103°37’32”E, 1,840 m, 29 May 2022, light trap, T. N. Pham & T. H. Dang coll.; 2 females (IEBR), VIETNAM, Lai Chau Province, Sin Ho, Sa De Phin, 22°18’18”N 103°13’37”E, 1,760 m, 31 May 2022, light trap, T. N. Pham & T. H. Dang coll.; 1 female (IEBR), Lai Chau Province, Sin Ho, Ta Ngao, 22°16’19”N 103°14’54”E, 1,520 m, 1 June 2022, light trap, T. N. Pham & T. H. Dang coll. Diagnosis. Reddish yellow with black/brown markings on mesoscutum and posterior tergite; occipital carina entirely absent; mesosternum with posterior transverse carina complete but weak medially; fore wing vein 1cu-a opposite M&RS. Description of holotype. Head with FI = 0.67, GOI = 3.4, ECI = 0.7. Antenna with 72 flagellomeres, first flagellomere 4.3× longer than wide, 1.8× length of second, 20 th flagellomere 1.8× as long as wide; lower face 0.65× as wide as high, mat, with small punctures, pubescent; clypeus 1.6× as wide as high, separated from face by weak impression; malar space short, about 0.3× mandibular basal width (Fig. 4D); occipital carina completely absent. Mesosoma. Pronotum subpolished, densely finely punctate, except ventral wrinkled area, epomia absent; mesoscutum about 1.5× as long as its maximum width, mat, with dense setae; scutellum strongly convex, with coarse punctures, dense setae, with lateral carina present basally, with strong winkles posteriorly (Fig. 4B); epicnemial carina weakly present on ventral half, upper end turning towards anterior margin; mesopleuron subpolished, with fine punctures (Fig. 4A); mesosternum with posterior transverse carina complete but weak medially (Fig. 5B); metapleuron densely punctate (Fig. 4A); propodeum with anterior area striated, spiracular area coriaceous, pubescent (Fig. 4C). Wings (Figs 2C, 2D). Fore wing length ca. 19.0 mm with AI = 0.67, CI = 0.84, DI= 0.55, ICI = 1.1, SDI = 0.94, SI = 0.26, SRI = 0.42, vein 1m-cu&M sinuate, vein 1cu-a opposite M&RS, postero-distal corner of second discal cell ca. 90°, postero-distal corner of subbasal cell ca. 40°. Hind wing with NI = 1.2, BCI = 0.61, left hind wing vein RA with 10 hamuli, right one with 11 hamuli. Legs. Hind coxa about 2.4× as long as its maximum width, hind femur 0.7× as long as hind tibia, hind basitarsus 2.2× as long as second tarsomere, hind fourth tarsomere 3.2× as long as wide. Metasoma with PI = 3, DMI = 1.2, LMI = 4.3, THI = 2.8; T1 with straight petiole; T2 with elongate thyridium. Colour. Reddish yellow with black markings on interocellar area and median part of T3 dorsally; mesoscutum with three brown stripes, T5 onwards brown; wing veins reddish brown to black, pterostigma reddish. Variations. Female paratypes have antenna with 72–74 flagellomeres, first flagellomere 4.0–4.5× longer than wide, 20 th flagellomere 1.8–1.9× as long as wide; lower face 0.63–0.67× as wide as high; the fore wing length from 18.8–19.5 mm with AI = 0.7–0.8, DI= 0.53–0.55, ICI = 1.1–1.2, SDI = 0.94–0.96, SI = 0.24–0.26, SRI = 0.40–0.45; hind wing with NI = 1.1–1.3, hind wing vein RA with 9–11. The female paratype from Bat Xat Nature Reserve has three black stripes on mesoscutum and its mesosternum with black markings. Male. Unknown. Comparative notes. In Shimizu & Lima (2017), the new species keys to Stauropoctonus torresi Gauld, 1977. It differs from the latter in its entirely reddish antenna, and the punctate metapleuron. In addition, the new species has the posterior transverse carina of mesosternum complete but weak medially. Etymology. Named derived from the posterior transverse carina of its mesosternum unevenly strong. Distribution. Currently known only from montane evergreen forest at elevation from 1520–1840 m of Lao Cai and Lai Chau provinces, Northwest Vietnam. The new species can be inserted in the key to the world species of Stauropoctonus by Shimizu & Lima (2017) as follows: 3. Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum complete (except weak medially in case of S. inaequalis). Laterotergite of T2 folded beneath tergites. Australasian, Oriental, and Palaearctic....................................................... 4 - Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum incomplete. Laterotergite of T2 pendant. Neotropical...................... 7 6. Postero-distal corner of subbasal cell of fore wing 50– 800. Fore wing CI = 0.5–0.7. Australasian, Oriental and Palaearctic......................................................................... S. bombycivorus (Gravenhorst, 1829) - Postero-distal corner of subbasal cell of fore wing 40– 450. Fore wing CI = 0.8–1.1.................................6’ 6’ Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum complete and entirely strong. Antenna blackish, distally slightly orange. Metapleuron coarsely wrinkled to reticulate. Australasian and Oriental.................................. S. torresi Gauld, 1977 - Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum complete but weak medially. Antenna entirely reddish. Metapleuron punctate. Oriental (Vietnam)....................................................................... S. inaequalis sp. nov.

Summary A simulation practice of direct composite veneer restoration was newly started during the clinical training period of the 5th year conservatory course of Matsumoto Dental University since the AY 2020. This manuscript presents an overview of the program and examines its educational effects based on the evaluation of an anonymous questionnaire by students who participated in the program in 2020. 72 students in total participated in the 5th year clinical internship in AY 2020, and the program was conducted 9 times for 8 students each in the Department of Operative Dentistry. After a lecture and demonstration by the instructor, four pairs of two students each were assigned to practice direct composite veneer restoration without tooth reduction by applying the layering technique. After the practice, a lecture on the technique,materials and equipment used was given, followed by exercises on the relevant questions of the National Dental Examination that were asked in the past. After the program, an anonymous questionnaire was administered to the participants regarding their level of knowledge of direct composite veneer restoration before and after the program and their self–evaluation of the completion of their practice. The response rate of the questionnaires was 100%. After the program, 68% of the respondents answered that they “understood the direct composite veneer restoration very well” and 31% answered that they “understood it somewhat well. None of the respondents answered that they “did not understand much” or “did not understand at all. When asked whether the contents of the program deepened their knowledge of operative dentistry, 83% of the respondents answered “Very effective” and 15% answered “Somewhat effective”, and none of the respondents answered “Not very effective” or “Not at all effective”. These results suggested that the program was effective in deepening the knowledge level of operative dentistry.

Summary In the academic year (AY) 2020, a new educational program began to be implementedduring the clinical training period of the fifth–year at the Department of Operative Dentistry,Matsumoto Dental University Hospital. The effectiveness of the introduction of one of these programs, preparation of the examination questions regarding clinical cases, was examined based on the evaluation of a questionnaire survey completed by the participating students. A total of 72 students of clinical clerkship program in the fifth grade of the AY 2020 participated in a preparation of the examination questions regarding clinical cases.Small group discussions were used for this exercise. Each group consisted of four students,and the exercise was conducted in two groups. One or two assistant professors or lecturer took turns serving as tutors for each session. First, visual materials of some cases were provided to the students, who discussed them in groups and identified clinical problems in each case. First, the students were provided with visual materials of four cases and discussed them in groups to identify clinical problems in each case. Then, in a one–hour group work, students prepared one examination questions regarding clinical cases according to the question preparation sheet. Next, the students presented the question prepared by each group, shared the question among the groups, and had a discussion to brush up the examination question among the students. The tutor explained the main points to make the exam questions better, focusing on the points raised by the students during the discussion. After the exercise, an anonymous questionnaire was administered to the participants regarding the difficulty level of the preparation of the examination questions regarding clinical cases, the effectiveness of the exercise in improving their knowledge of operative dentistry, and the group work. 94% of the students answered that the exercise was “very difficult” or “somewhat difficult,” but a very high percentage (99%)of the students answered that “this exercise was effective in deepening my knowledge ofoperative dentistry. In the group work, 68% of the students answered that their contribution was 60% or more. Therefore, the new educational program, collaborative learning through preparation of the examination questions regarding clinical cases, was generally well received by the students and was considered effective in improving their knowledge of operative dentistry.

Artykuł recenzyjny dotyczy najnowszych monografii polskich uczonych (także tych stworzonych z udziałem japońskiego publicysty), które są poświęcone wynikom wieloletnich badań naukowych nad losami polskich dzieci jako ofiar I oraz II wojny światowej. Wspólnym mianownikiem analiz jest fakt rekonstrukcji repatriacji polskich dzieci po I wojnie światowej i po II wojnie światowej z Syberii do Polski. Autor zachęca do przeczytania dwóch monografii Wiesława Theissa, w tym jednej napisanej wspólnie z Teruo Matsumoto z Japonii, oraz historycznego studium z lat 1944–1948, które Witold J. Chmielewski poświęcił repatriacji polskich dzieci-uchodźców z Syberii do Nowej Zelandii. Sięgnięcie do tych książek powinno sprzyjać doskonaleniu warsztatu metodologicznego historyków oświaty i wychowania. Upbringing Historians about the Fate of Polish Children during Two World Wars The review article concerns the latest monographs of Polish scientists with the participation of a Japanese journalist, which are devoted to the results of many years of scientific research on the fate of Polish children as victims of the First and Second World Wars. The common denominator of the analyzes is the reconstruction of the repatriation of Polish children from Siberia to Poland after World War I and after World War II. The author invites you to read two monographs by Wiesław Theiss, including one written together with Teruo Matsumoto from Japan and a historical study from 1944–1948, which Witold J. Chmielewski devoted to the repatriation of Polish refugee children from Siberia to New Zealand. Using these books should help to improve the methodological workshop of education and upbringing historians.

Prosopocoilus antilopus amicorum Matsumoto, new subspecies (Figs. 1, 4, 7, 10, 13) Type locality. Annob��n Island. Type material. Holotype male, deposited at BMNH, labelled: ��� ANNOBON IS: 9.vii.1959.- 22.viii.1959 Cambridge Univ. Exped. B.M.1960-51 // BMNH (E) # 604250 // NHMUK010877601 [Barcode]���. Additional label on red paper added ��� Prosopocoilus antilopus amicorum ssp. nov. K. Matsumoto HOLOTYPE ♂ ��� Paratypes (6 males, 17 females, BMNH) labelled: same locality data as for the holotype, with additional label ��� Prosopocoilus natalensis Parry M.E. Bacchus det.1961��� and ��� BMNH (E) # 604245 // NHMUK010877602 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604246 // NHMUK010877603 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604247 // NHMUK010877604 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604248 // NHMUK010877605 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604249 // NHMUK010877606 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604259 // NHMUK010877607 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604276 // NHMUK010877608 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604277 // NHMUK010877609 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604278 // NHMUK010877610 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604279 // NHMUK010877611 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604280 // NHMUK010877612 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604281 // NHMUK010877613 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604282 // NHMUK010877614 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604283 // NHMUK010877615 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604284 // NHMUK010877616 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604285 // NHMUK010877617 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604286 // NHMUK010877618 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604287 // NHMUK010877619 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604288 // NHMUK010877620 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604289 // NHMUK010877621 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604290 // NHMUK010877622 ���; ��� BMNH (E) # 604291 // NHMUK010877623 ��� and ��� BMNH (E) # 604292 // NHMUK010877624 ���. All paratype specimens have been labelled with a red paratype label: ��� Prosopocoilus antilopus amicorum ssp. nov. K. Matsumoto PARATYPE [♂ or ♀]���. Description of holotype, male (Figs. 1, 4, 13). Body length: 24.9 mm. Colour: Dorsal habitus appears reddish brown or dark brown. Lateral habitus has same colouration as dorsal habitus, except circular orange patch covers most of the metasternum. Mandibles appear to have darker reddish brown colouration. Head: 2.4 times wider than long, reverse-triangular depression present from the anterolateral angles and the posterior end of the head, one circular and one small oval black marking near the anterolateral margin. Circular black marking present nearer the anterolateral margin than the small oval black marking. Canthus covers half of the outer surface of the eye; deep punctures surrounding the eye. Posterior ocular sides of the head swollen. Clypeus is convex on the outer 2/3 and trapezium shaped clypeolabrum present. Mentum is semi-circular, deeply punctured, no hairs present. Submentum wrinkled. Mandibles: Left mandible has seven teeth, with gap between the basal teeth and the rest of the teeth, which are clustered. Right mandible with 6 teeth, gap present between basal tooth and rest of the teeth. Both mandibles are depressed in the middle, finely punctured, and as long as head. Pronotum: Broad, finely punctured and smooth, anterior margin more strongly bisinuate than posterior margin, sides gently curved to beyond the middle, posterolateral angle concave, two small black markings near the middle of lateral margin. Scutellum: Well developed, triangular with curved outer edge, shining, finely punctured. Elytra: Oval, smooth, as wide as the pronotum, finely punctured, anterolateral angle pointed, 2.5 times longer than the pronotum. Outer margin flat throughout. Humeral angles not protruding. Legs: Protibiae straight, acute forked apex, three teeth present decreasing in size on lateral margin, forked externally at their extremity. Mesotibiae with small teeth along the middle. Metatibiae untoothed. Left protibiae and tarsi are significantly shorter than those on the right-hand side. All tibiae have short golden hairs aligned parallel to the lateral margin of the tibia. Antennae: Antennal club with three pubescent antennomeres; antennomere 7 and 6 are pointed, but not lamellate, as antennomeres 8���10. Scape is shorter than the length of the head. Genitalia: Aedeagus in dorsal view about 2.97 times as long as wide. Basal piece in dorsal view rather oblong and elongate, approximately 1.2 times as long as parameres, median lobe narrow. Flagellum 2.13 mm long, symmetrical, similar length to aedeagus, slender, beltlike in basal half, trifurcate from apical 2/5 and inflated part present when hydrated before the flagellum trifurcate. Variability in males: Paratypes somewhat variable in body length 26.36���30.38 mm including mandibles. Colour of the head and pronotum of one paratype appears to be darker than the holotype. Females (Figs. 4, 10). Measurements: Length 18.45���22.79 mm including mandibles. Colour: Whole body appears dark reddish brown or dark brown on both dorsal and lateral sides, mandibles appear to darken on the outer edge. Head: 2.2 times wider than long, deeply and sparsely punctured and similar length as the pronotum. Canthus covers half of the outer surface of the eye, outer margin of canthus sinuate. Mentum semi-circular, deeply punctured, with a tuft of reddish hairs in the middle. Clypeus rectangular, with concave on anterior margin. Mentum. Submentum sparsely punctured, with few long hairs present on the anterior and concave in the middle. Mandibles: Mandibles short, asymmetrical, black. One major tooth present on the right mandible, and two teeth seem to be fused together on the left mandible. Pronotum: broad, finely punctured, smooth and shiny. Deep punctures concentrating near the outer margin of the pronotum. Anterior margin strongly bisinuate compared to the posterior margin, sides rounded to beyond the middle. Small black marking near the middle of lateral margin. Scutellum: well developed, triangular with curved outer edge, shiny, finely punctured. Elytra: Oval, smooth shiny, as wide as the pronotum, finely punctured, no hairs present, 2.5 times as long as the pronotum. Outer margin flat. Legs: Protibiae straight, acute forked apex, 7 to 3 teeth present, decreasing in size on lateral margin, forked externally at their extremity. Mesotibiae with small, sharp tooth along the middle. Metatibiae toothless. All tibiae with very short golden hairs aligned parallel to the lateral margin of the tibia. Antennae: Antennal club with three pubescent antennomeres; antennomere 7 and 6 are sharply pointed at tip, but not lamellate as antennomeres 8���10. Scape is shorter than the length of the head. Genitalia: Genital plate narrow, short with broadened and semicircular apical apex, and narrower basally with sharp basal apex. Etymology. The species epithet is the genitive plural of the Latin amicis, ���friends���. This subspecies is dedicated to my friends from Royal Holloway (University of London), Queen Mary (University of London), BMNH and many other entomologists I have met so far. Diagnosis. There are clear morphological differences between P. antilopus amicorum new subspecies, and P. antilopus antilopus, including the subspecies found in Gulf of Guinea islands. The following characteristics of P. antilopus amicorum new subspecies can be used to distinguish it from P. antilopus antilopus (Swederus, 1787) and associated subspecies: 1) prosternal process slightly narrower (♂ and ♀); 2) mesosternal process of is narrower (♂ and ♀); 3) elytra is shorter and much rounder at the posterior end (♂ and ♀); 4) aedeagus narrower (♂), 5) flagellum is shorter (♂), 6) pronotum has flat outline around the lateral margin (♀). Distribution. This subspecies is only known from Annob��n (Gulf of Guinea), and is assumed to be endemic to this island. Other material examined for comparison: Prosopocoilus antilopus antilopus (Swederus, 1787) (Figs. 2, 5, 8, 11, 14) 1♂, 1♀ (BMNH), labelled: ��� Sierra Leone. Njala 27.x.1933 Poinoiana. E. Hargreaves. // Pres. by Imp. Inst. Ent. B. M. 1934-49 // BMNH (E) # 604371 // NHMUK013307227 ��� (♀); ��� Sierra Leone. Njala 27.x.1933 Poinoiana. E. Hargreaves. // Pres. by Imp. Inst. Ent. B. M. 1934-49 // BMNH (E) # 604327 // NHMUK013307226 ��� (♂). Identification. The type specimen was described by Swederus from Drury���s collection, and the type locality is Sierra Leone. Unfortunately, depository of the Drury���s specimen remains unknown; therefore, the specimens used in this study are assumed to be P. antilopus antilopus. Distribution. Western to Central Africa (Bartolozzi & Werner 2004). Prosopocoilus antilopus insulanus Kriesche, 1919 (Figs. 3, 6, 9, 12, 15) 1♂, 2♀ (BMNH), labelled: ��� SAO TOME, 264m, Antenna, Guadalupe, 00��22'49.9"N, 06��38'47.4"E, 31.x.2016, MV Trap // Turner, C.R., Tasane, T., leg. BMNH (E) 2017-11, TripRef:ST-001(ANHRT 21)��� and unique identification number with barcode: ��� NHMUK010580366 ��� (♀), ��� NHMUK010580250 ��� (♂), ��� NHMUK010580355 ��� (♀); 1♂ (BMNH), labelled: ��� SAO TOME, 186m, Ponta Furada, 00��14'01.8"N, 06��28'15.5"E, 24.x.2016, MV Light Trap // Turner, C.R., Tasane, T., leg. BMNH (E) 2017-11, TripRef:ST-001 (ANHRT 21)��� and unique identification number with barcode ��� NMHUK010583221 ���. Identification. Kriesche described this species with the type locality S��o Tom��. It was the only species of Prosopocoilus collected by the African Natural History Research Trust and Natural History Museum, London expedition led by Clive R. Turner and T �� nis Tasane. It is assumed that this subspecies is endemic to S��o Tom��. Distribution. S��o Tom�� (Bartolozzi & Werner 2004)., Published as part of Matsumoto, Keita, 2019, Description of a new subspecies of Prosopocoilus antilopus (Swederus, 1787) (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) from Annob��n Island, Gulf of Guinea, pp. 581-586 in Zootaxa 4559 (3) on pages 581-585, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4559.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/2627113, {"references":["Swederus, N. S. (1787) Et nytt genus, och femtio nya species af Insekter beskrifne. Svenska Fetenskaps Akademien Nya Handlingar, 8, 181 - 201.","Bartolozzi, L. & Werner, K. (2004) Illustrated catalogue of the Lucanidae from Africa and Madagascar. Taita Publishers, Hradec Kralove, 192 pp.","Kriesche, R. (1919) Zur Kenntnis der afrikanischen Cladognathinen (Col. Lucan.). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 9, 157 - 176."]}

Chaetophora morettoi sp. nov. [Figures 1A���1I, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25A���25C, 28] Type locality. C��te d���Ivoire, Gbando Village. Type material. Holotype male, deposited at BMNH ��� IVORY COAST 417m Gbando Village (sudanian forest with gallery forest) 09��34���17.1���N, 06��41���1.1���W 15-22.vi.2018 // MV Light Trap. Aristophanous, M., Miles, W., Moretto, P., Outtara, Y. leg. ANHRT: 2018.28, BMNH(E) 2018-153 // NMHUK014381512���. Additional label on red paper added ��� Chaetophora morettoi sp. nov. K. Matsumoto det. 2020 HOLOTYPE ♂ ���. Paratypes (24 specimens. BMNH, MMUE): same locality data as holotype with additional label: ���NMHUK013679876���, ���NMHUK013679877���, ���NMHUK014381490���, ���NMHUK014381491���, ���NMHUK014381492���, ���NMHUK014381493���, ���NMHUK014381494���, ���NMHUK014381495���, ���NMHUK014381496���, ���NMHUK014381497���, ���NMHUK014381498���, ���NMHUK014381499���, ���NMHUK014381500���, ���NMHUK014381501���, ���NMHUK014381502���, ���NMHUK014381503���, ���NMHUK014381504���, ���NMHUK014381505���, ���NMHUK014381506���, ���NMHUK014381507���, ���NMHUK014381508���, ���NMHUK014381509���, ���NMHUK014381510��� and ���NMHUK014381511���. All paratype specimens have been labelled with a red paratype label: ��� Chaetophora morettoi sp. nov. K. Matsumoto det. 2020 PARATYPE ���. Description. Body: Circular, dorsum convex. BL: 1.18 mm, EL: 0.86 mm, EW: 0.90 mm, PL: 0.32 mm, PW: 0.77 mm. Colour: Dorsal side light reddish-brown; venter light reddish-brown, tibia light reddish-brown, tarsal claws light brown. Dorsum (Fig. 5). Head: Partially retracted into pronotum; overall surface smooth, very few punctations across surface, deep groove present from the middle of the frons and extending towards the antennal insertion. Antennae: 11 segmented, clavate; 1 st and 2 nd AS longer than wide and medium sized, 3 rd to 9 th AS short and narrow, 10 th and 11 th AS enlarged. Pronotum: Transverse, widest at posterior, narrowest at anterior, narrower than elytra; anterior margin convex, posterior margin gently convex; lateral margin convex with slightly concave in the middle; surface covered with punctations, surface between punctures smooth; long and thin setae spread across surface. Scutellum: Triangular, small, longer than wide. Elytra: Slightly wider than long; anterior margin nearly straight; anterior lateral angle nearly right angled; lateral margins gently curve from anterior end to anterior 2/3, increase in curvature towards the apex; irregular surface with faint elytral striae punctuations; surface near elytral tip with small grooves; long and thin setae spread across surface. Venter (Fig. 10). Prosternum: Concave on anterior margin; prosternal process as long as wide, narrows towards apex, posterior margin rounded. Mesoventrite: Wider than long; anterior margin concave where prosternal process fits; lateral sub-parallel and gently concave, posterior slightly convex. Metaventrite: Wider than long, flat in the middle; relatively large and shallow punctures spread across surface. Abdomen: Five clearly visible ventrites. Intercoxal process triangular with rounded apex. Posterior margin of 1 st ventrite flat; 2 nd to 4 th ventrites concave, 5 th ventrite nearly semi-circle, posterior end flat. Surface covered with short, brown, setae on the outer margin (Fig. 20). Legs. Tibiae: Outer lateral margin almost straight, inner lateral margin straight. Tarsi: Simple, segments increase in length towards the apex. Tarsal claws: Simple, narrow, symmetrical. Male. Genitalia (Figs. 25A���25C). Length: 0.49 mm. Parameres very much reduced. Median lobe long and thin, width constant and parallel in ventral view, apical end pointed; strongly curved in lateral view; apical end pointed. Phallobase oval. Female. No external morphological difference from male. Distribution. C. morettoi sp. nov. is known only from the type locality. Etymology. This species is named after Philippe Moretto, specialist in African dung beetles, who collected these specimens. Differential diagnosis. Combination of key characters which can differentiate the new species from other species of the genus are displayed in Table 1. Remarks. This species is the first country record of this genus for C��te d���Ivoire., Published as part of Matsumoto, Keita, 2021, New species, new records and notes of Afrotropical Chaetophora Kirby & Spence 1817 (Coleoptera: Byrrhidae: Syncalptinae), pp. 211-223 in Zootaxa 5067 (2) on pages 215-216, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5067.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5677797

Chaetophora milesi sp. nov. [Figures 4, 9, 14, 19, 24A���24C, 28] Type locality. Sierra Leone, Tiwai Island. Type material. Holotype male, deposited at BMNH ��� SIERRA LEONE 120m Tiwai Island, Moa River N07��33���00���; W11��21���09��� 17-22.vi.16 // Edwards Trap leg. Takano, Miles & Goff Trip Ref: SL-001 (ANHRT 18) BMNH(E) 2016-196 // NHMUK014404466���. Additional label on red paper added ��� Chaetophora milesi sp. nov. K. Matsumoto det. 2020 HOLOTYPE ♂ ���. Description. Body: Circular, dorsum convex. BL: 1.33 mm, EL: 0.97 mm, EW: 1.06 mm, PL: 0.36 mm, PW: 0.89 mm. Colour: Dorsal side dark brown; venter brown to dark reddish brown, tibia brown, tarsal claws light brown. Dorsum (Fig. 4). Head: Partially retracted into pronotum; overall surface smooth, very few punctations across surface, deep groove present from the middle of the frons and extending towards the antennal insertion. Antennae: 11 segmented, clavate; 1 st and 2 nd AS longer than wide and medium sized, 3 rd to 9 th AS short and narrow, 10 th and 11 th AS enlarged. Pronotum: Transverse, widest at posterior, narrowest at anterior, narrower than elytra; anterior margin convex, posterior margin gently convex; lateral margin convex with slightly concave in the middle; surface covered with punctations, surface between punctures smooth; long and thin setae spread across surface. Scutellum: Triangular, small, longer than wide. Elytra: Slightly wider than long; anterior margin nearly straight; anterior lateral angle obtuse; lateral margins gently curve from anterior end to anterior 2/3, increase in curvature towards the apex; irregular surface with faint elytral striae punctuations; surface near elytral tip with small grooves; long and thin setae spread across surface. Venter (Fig. 9). Prosternum: Concave on anterior margin; prosternal process as long as wide, narrows towards apex, posterior margin rounded. Mesoventrite: Wider than long; anterior margin concave where prosternal process fits; lateral sub-parallel and gently concave, posterior slightly convex. Metaventrite: Wider than long, flat in the middle; relatively large and shallow punctures spread across surface. Abdomen: Five clearly visible ventrites. Intercoxal process triangular with rounded apex. Posterior margin of 1 st ventrite flat; 2 nd to 4 th ventrites concave, 5 th ventrite nearly semi-circle, posterior end flat. Surface covered with short, brown, setae on the outer margin (Fig. 19). Legs. Tibiae: Outer lateral margin almost straight, inner lateral margin straight. Tarsi: Simple, segments increase in length towards the apex. Tarsal claws: Simple, narrow, symmetrical. Male. Genitalia (Figs. 4���6). Length: 0.65 mm. Parameres very much reduced. Median lobe long and thin, width constant and parallel in ventral view, apical end pointed; gently curved in lateral view; apical end pointed. Phallobase oval. Female. Unknown. Distribution. C. milesi sp. nov. is known only from the type locality. Etymology. This species is named after the Will Miles who collected this specimen. Differential diagnosis. Combination of key characters which can differentiate the new species from other species of the genus are displayed in Table 1. Remarks. This species is the first country record of this genus for Sierra Leone., Published as part of Matsumoto, Keita, 2021, New species, new records and notes of Afrotropical Chaetophora Kirby & Spence 1817 (Coleoptera: Byrrhidae: Syncalptinae), pp. 211-223 in Zootaxa 5067 (2) on pages 212-215, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5067.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5677797, {"references":["Johnson, C. (1978) Notes on Byrrhidae (Col.); with special reference to, and a species new to the British fauna. Entomologist's Record, 90 (5), 141 - 147."]}

Chaetophora smithi sp. nov. [Figures 6, 11, 16, 21, 26A���26C, 28] Type locality. Zambia, Nkwaji. Type material. Holotype male, deposited at BMNH ��� ZAMBIA, 1316m, Nkwaji, open Dambo, S11��31���21���; E24��32���32���, 29.x-3.xi.13 // Yellow Pan, leg. Smith,R., Takano,H., Chmurova,L. & Smith,L. BMNH(E) 2015-19 // NHMUK013996862���. Additional label on red paper added ��� Chaetophora smithi sp. nov. K. Matsumoto det. 2020 HOLOTYPE ♂ ���. Description. Body: Elongate, oval, dorsum convex. BL: 1.59 mm, EL: 1.21 mm, EW: 1.30 mm, PL: 0.38 mm, PW: 1.03 mm. Colour: Dorsal side dark brown to reddish-brown; venter brown to reddish brown, tibia reddishbrown, tarsal claws brown. Dorsum (Fig. 6). Head: Partially retracted into pronotum; overall surface smooth, very few punctations across surface, deep groove present from the middle of the frons and extending towards the antennal insertion. Antennae: 11 segmented, clavate; 1 st and 2 nd AS longer than wide and medium sized, 3 rd to 9 th AS short and narrow, 10 th and 11 th AS enlarged. Pronotum: Transverse, widest at posterior, narrowest at anterior, narrower than elytra; anterior margin convex, posterior margin gently convex; lateral margin sinuate with concave in the middle; surface almost smooth with few visible punctations scattered; short and slightly thick setae spread across surface. Scutellum: Triangular, small, longer than wide. Elytra: Slightly wider than long; anterior margin concave; anterior lateral angle obtuse; lateral margins gently curved throughout towards the apex; majority of surface smooth; clearly visible elytral striae punctuations; surface near elytral tip with small grooves; short and slightly thick setae spread across surface. Venter (Fig. 11). Prosternum: Concave on anterior margin; prosternal process as long as wide, narrows towards apex, posterior margin rounded. Mesoventrite: Wider than long; anterior margin concave where prosternal process fits; lateral sub-parallel and gently concave, posterior slightly convex. Metaventrite: Wider than long, flat in the middle; relatively medium sized punctures spread across surface. Abdomen: Five clearly visible ventrites. Intercoxal process triangular with flat apex. Posterior margin of 1 st ventrite flat; 2 nd to 4 th ventrites strongly concave, 5 th ventrite nearly semi-circle, posterior end flat. Surface covered with short, brown, setae on the outer margin (Fig. 21). Legs. Tibiae: Outer lateral margin almost straight, inner lateral margin straight. Tarsi: Simple, segments increase in length towards the apex. Tarsal claws: Simple, narrow, symmetrical. Male. Genitalia (Figs. 10���12). Length: 0.67 mm. Parameres very much reduced. Median lobe long and thin, width narrows towards the apical end, apical end pointed and pointed towards the lateral side in ventral view; thin in apical half, thicker in basal half, sinuate in lateral view; apical end pointed. Phallobase square with rounded lateral end. Female: Unknown. Distribution: C. smithi sp. nov. is known only from the type locality. Etymology: This species is named after Richard E.L. Smith, who is the founder of the African Natural History Research Trust (ANHRT) and collected this new species. Differential diagnosis: Combination of key characters which can differentiate the new species from other species of the genus are displayed in Table 1. Remarks. This species is the first country record of this genus for Zambia., Published as part of Matsumoto, Keita, 2021, New species, new records and notes of Afrotropical Chaetophora Kirby & Spence 1817 (Coleoptera: Byrrhidae: Syncalptinae), pp. 211-223 in Zootaxa 5067 (2) on pages 216-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5067.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5677797, {"references":["Johnson, C. (1978) Notes on Byrrhidae (Col.); with special reference to, and a species new to the British fauna. Entomologist's Record, 90 (5), 141 - 147."]}

Summary Full–coverage restorations made of titanium have been covered by Japanese health insurance since June 1,2020,considering the sharp rise in the prices of precious metals and presence of metal allergies.We expect clinical applications of titanium restorations to in -crease in the future.However, due to its high melting point and high affinity for oxygen at high temperatures, titanium has not been widely used in prosthetic clinical cases.We reported the actual use of full–coverage metal restorations surveyed from medical records and dental technician slips at Matsumoto Dental University Hospital in 2020.This study aimed to survey it in 2021.Patients who had full–coverage metal restorations placed on their molars from January 4 to December 29,2021 were consecutively enrolled, and data on the type of metal, placement site, and time were recorded. In all, 627 molars received full–coverage metal restorations.A titanium crown (Ti–R)was used in 192 cases, and a 12% Au–Pd–Ag alloy crown (Pd–R) in 435 cases;99 upper and 93 lower teeth, and 92 first,93 second,and seven third molars received Ti–Rs,208 upper and 227 lower teeth,233 first,197 second,and five third molars received Pd–Rs.The number of patients who received Ti–Rs in 2021 was higher than in 2020,suggesting that Ti–Rs will be a widely used for metal allergy–friendly prosthetics in the future.We plan to continue the survey and study the prognosis

書評

Since 2020, with the spread of the new coronavirus, e-commerce hasbecome more widespread in Japanʼs agricultural trade, with more andmore consumers choosing e-commerce as one of their daily purchasingmethods. Also, in the post-H 1 N 1 coronavirus society, online purchases ofagricultural products are expected to grow as the number of single-personhouseholds and elderly households in Japan increases. Thus, it is highlylikely that the online purchase of agricultural and food products willcontinue to penetrate the lives of more and more consumers in the future.In this paper, we will identify the efforts of grape farmers in agriculturalareas who have chosen to sell their products online as a way to promotetheir sales.The study area for this paper is the Matsumoto Highland AgriculturalCooperative District in Nagano Prefecture. This is because the Matsumotoregion is blessed with a variety of high-quality agricultural products and isrelatively close to the Tokyo metropolitan area, making it one of theleading agricultural production areas in Japan, and it also has the conditionsfor the recent expansion of overseas exports of food and products andcross-border EC.

Recenzja książki: Music as Heritage: Historical and Ethnographic Perspectives, red. Barley Norton, Naomi Matsumoto, London–New York 2019

Byrrhinus angolensis Matsumoto sp. nov. [Figures 10-12] Type locality. Angola, Cassamba, Luio River. Type materials. Holotype male, deposited at BMNH ��� ANGOLA 1187m, Cassamba, Luio River, 13.19398S, 20.2235E; 30.xi-1.xii.2019, // General Coll. & UV LED, Matsumoto, K. leg. Okavango Wilderness Project, BMNH (E) 2020-30��� with unique identification number ���NHMUK014383825���. Additional label on red paper added ��� Byrrhinus angolensis sp. nov. K. Matsumoto det. 2020 HOLOTYPE ♂ ���. Paratype (2 male; BMNH, AMG): same locality data as the holotype, with unique identification number ���NHMUK014383826��� and ���NHMUK014375572���.All paratype specimens have been labelled with a red paratype label: ��� Byrrhinus angolensis sp. nov. K. Matsumoto det. 2020 PARATYPE ♂ ���. Description of holotype, male. Body: Elongate, oval, dorsum convex, BL: 1.9 mm, EL: 1.5 mm, EW: 1.1 mm, PL: 0.4 mm, PW: 1.0 mm and HW: 0.5 mm. Colour: Dorsal side black; venter brown to dark reddish brown, tibia brown, tarsal claws brown. Dorsal and ventral surface densely covered with setae. . Dorsum. Head: Partially retracted into pronotum; overall surface smooth, no punctation across surface. Antennae: 11 segmented, filiform, fully pubescent, antennomeres long and slender, 1st AS widest, 2nd AS slightly narrower than 1st AS, 3rd to 6th AS long and thin, 7th to 11th AS skewed oval. Pronotum: Transverse, widest at posterior, narrowest at anterior, narrower than elytra; anterior margin concave, posterior margin strongly sinuate; lateral margin nearly straight; surface covered with moderately dense punctation, surface between punctures smooth and shiny. Scutellum: Subtriangular, large, lateral sides slightly convex. Elytra: Longer than wide; anterior margin sinuate; anterior lateral angle obtuse; lateral margins gently curve from anterior end to anterior 2/3, increase in curvature towards the apex; surface with small and moderately dense punctuation; punctuation decreases in depth towards the elytral tip; elytral striae not clearly visible; surface between punctures smooth and shiny. Venter. Overall surface with moderately dense micro-punctures with setae emerging from the punctures. Prosternum: Concave on anterior margin; prosternal process as long than wide, lateral margin concave, posterior margin semi-oval. Mesoventrite: Wider than long, narrows towards posterior; anterior margin concave where prosternal process fits, discrimen very small; lateral sub-parallel and gently curved, posterior nearly flat, anterior trisinuate. Metaventrite: Wider than long, flat in the middle; discrimen thin and not clearly visible. Abdomen: Five clearly visible ventrites. Intercoxal process sinuate with pointed apex. Posterior margin of 1st and 2nd ventrites convex, 3rd to 4th ventrites slightly concave, 5th ventrite nearly semi-circle. Surface covered with long, light yellow, recumbent setae. Legs. Tibiae: Outer and inner lateral margin convex. Tarsi: Simple, segments increase in length towards the apex. Tarsal claws: Short, narrow, symmetrical. Genitalia. Parameres twice as long as median lobe, long and slender, symmetrical, widest as base, apex acute, inner side near the apical end straight. Median lobe apex acute and slightly rounded, base to anterior 0.25 relatively straight, gentle convex curve near the apex. Phallobase strongly asymmetrical. Relatively sclerotised (Figures 7). Female. Unknown. Distribution. Byrrhinus angolensis Matsumoto sp. nov. is known only from the type locality (Figure 14 for habitat). Etymology. The species named after Angola, where it was collected. Differential diagnosis. According to the grouping system of Del��ve (1968), this new species would be in ���group one���, which has a triangular median lobe and symmetrical parameres. This new species can be distinguished by the inner side near the apical end of the parameres straight, apex of parameres acute, majority of the median lobe straight and parallel., Published as part of Matsumoto, Keita, 2021, New species and records of Angolan Limnichidae (Coleoptera: Byrrhoidea), pp. 111-117 in Zootaxa 4985 (1) on pages 115-117, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4985.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4930427, {"references":["Deleve, J. (1968) Contribution a l'etude des \" Dryopoidea \". Les Limnichinae d'Afrique (Coleoptera Limnichidae). Bulletin and Annales de la Societe Royale d'Entomologie de Belgique, 104, 212 - 274."]}

Simplocarina angolensis Matsumoto sp. nov. [Figures 6���9] Type locality. Angola, Kangumbe, Lungu��-Bungo River. Type materials. Holotype male, deposited at BMNH ��� ANGOLA 1298m, Kangumbe, Lungu��-Bungo River, 12.58449S, 18.66771E; 18-21.xi.2019, // General Coll., Matsumoto,K., James, H., Diedericks,G. leg. Okavango Wilderness Project, BMNH (E) 2020-30��� with unique identification number ���NHMUK014372343���. Additional label on red paper added ��� Simplocarina angolensis sp. nov. K. Matsumoto det. 2020 HOLOTYPE ♂ ���. Description of holotype, male. Body: Elongate, oval, dorsum convex, BL: 2.5 mm, EL: 2.1 mm, EW: 1.9 mm, PL: 0.6 mm, PW: 1.4 mm and HW: 0.7 mm. Colour: Dorsal side black; venter brown to dark reddish brown, tibia brown, tarsal claws light brown. Dorsum. Overall surface covered with mixture of white and light brown setae emerging from the punctures. Head: Partially retracted into pronotum; dense punctuations present across surface, surface between punctures smooth. Antennae: 11 segmented, filiform, fully pubescent, antennomeres long and slender, 1st AS widest and largest, 2nd AS slightly narrower than 1st AS, 3rd to 7th AS increase in width, 11th AS oval. Pronotum: Transverse, widest at posterior, narrowest at anterior, narrower than elytra; anterior margin concave, posterior margin gently sinuate; lateral margin nearly convex; surface covered with moderately dense punctation, surface between punctures smooth and shiny. Scutellum: Subtriangular, large, lateral sides nearly straight. Elytra: Longer than wide; anterior margin sinuate; anterior lateral angle acute; lateral margins moderately curved from anterior end to anterior 2/3, curvature decreases towards the apex; surface with small dense punctuation across surface; elytral striae not visible; surface between punctures smooth and shiny. Venter. Overall surface with moderately dense punctures with setae emerging from the punctures. Prosternum: Concave on anterior margin; prosternal process twice as wide as long, lateral margin concave, posterior margin acute. Mesoventrite: Wider than long, narrows towards posterior; anterior margin concave where prosternal process fits, discrimen very small; lateral sub-parallel and gently curved, posterior nearly flat, anterior tri-sinuate. Metaventrite: Long and wide, flat in the middle; discrimen not visible. Abdomen: Five clearly visible ventrites. Intercoxal process sinuate with pointed apex. Posterior margin of 1st and 2nd ventrites convex, 3rd to 4th ventrites slightly concave, 5th ventrite nearly semi-circle. Surface covered with long, light yellow, recumbent setae. Legs. Tibiae: Outer lateral and inner lateral margin gently convex. Tarsi: Simple, segments increase in length towards the apex. Tarsal claws: Short, narrow, symmetrical. Genitalia. Aedeagus long, gently curved in lateral view, and narrows relatively sharply from middle to apical end. Median lobe: Wide in lateral view, pointed at apex, longer than the parameres. Parameres: Apical emargination fused, apex semi-oval in ventral view, inner margin sinuates in lateral view. Female. Unknown. Distribution. Simplocarina angolensis Matsumoto sp. nov. is known only from the type locality (Figure 13 for habitat). Etymology. The species named after Angola, where it was collected. Remarks. This new species is the second species of this genus. Differential diagnosis. Key to differentiate between Simplocarina curticollis Pic, 1922 and Simplocarina angolensis Matsumoto sp. nov.: 1. Outer margin of the elytra gently curved. Overall body shape more or less oval. In males the ratio of AB and BC for the genitalia is 3.7. Length of genitalia from apex of median lobe to the base of phallobase 0.70 mm. PL/EL = 3.6. Median lobe sharply pointed and slightly slender.......................................... Simplocarina angolensis Matsumoto sp. nov. ��� Outer margin of the elytra gently rounded. Overall body shape nearly circular. In males the ratio of AB and BC for the genitalia is 2.0-2.2. Length of genitalia from apex of median lobe to the base of phallobase 0.80-0.83 mm. PL/EL = 3.8 to 4.0. Median lobe slightly blunted and slightly broader........................................ Simplocarina curticollis Pic, 1922, Published as part of Matsumoto, Keita, 2021, New species and records of Angolan Limnichidae (Coleoptera: Byrrhoidea), pp. 111-117 in Zootaxa 4985 (1) on pages 112-114, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4985.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4930427

Dactylozodes oberthuri Kerremans, 1897:47. [Figure 66A & 66B] Lectotype: “ Type // Equateur Loja Abbé Gaujon //Kerremans.1903-59 // Oberthuri Kerr. Type // NHMUK 011520842 // Dactylozodes oberthuri Kerremans, 1897 LECTOTYPE det. Pineda & Matsumoto, 2020”. Lectotype here designated. Current status: Lasionota (Nelsonozodes) oberthuri (Kerremans, 1897) (here revalidated). Comments: We designated this specimen as lectotype of Dactylozodes oberthuri Kerremans, 1897 since it matches the data (Équateur: Loja (abbé Gaujon par R. Oberthur)) as well as the original description made by Kerremans (1897:47). For reasons that he did not explain, Moore (1997) listed this species as synonym of L. tetrazonus (Chevrolat, 1838). The comparison of lectotypes of the two species showed that L. oberthuri (type locality: Loja, Ecuador) and L. tetrazonus (type locality: Patagonia) are morphologically different species with different distribution areas. For this reason, L. oberthuri (Kerremans, 1897) rev. stat. is reinstated as a valid species. On the other hand, the lectotype of L. oberthuri is identical to the holotype of L. inca (Fig. 8 in Moore & Diéguez, 2019:172) in external characters, as well as in the pattern and color of the dorsal surface. Hence, we propose the synonymy of L. oberthuri with L. inca syn. nov., Published as part of Pineda, Cristian & Matsumoto, Keita, 2021, Types of the New World Stigmoderini (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) deposited in Natural History Museum, London Buprestidae: Buprestinae: Stigmoderini, pp. 443-470 in Zootaxa 4964 (3) on page 468, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4964.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4714553, {"references":["Kerremans, C. (1897) Contribution a l'etude de la faune intertropicale Americaine. Voyages de M. E. Gounelle au Bresil. Buprestides. Memoires de la Societe entomologique de Belgique, 6, 1 - 146.","Moore, T. (1997) Revision del genero Dactylozodes Chevrolat 1837 (Coleoptera, Buprestidae). Gayana Zoologia, 61 (1), 57 - 86.","Moore, T. & Dieguez, V. M. (2019) Adicion al conocimiento de los Stigmoderini de Peru (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Revista Chilena de Entomologia, 45 (1), 165 - 173. https: // doi. org / 10.35249 / rche. 45.4.19.13"]}

This paper presents a multidimensional extension of the Matsumoto-Yor properties related to exponential functionals of drifted Brownian motion. The extension involves the interaction of geometric Brownian motions which are indexed by the vertices of a finite weighted graph, and the random potential associated with the Vertex Reinforced Jump process on this graph. We prove in this context a counterpart of Lamperti's transformation, of the Markov property of the Matsumoto-Yor process and of the intertwining relation., Comment: Extended version of arXiv:2004.10692 with a new author Keywords: exponential functional of Brownian motion, Inverse Gaussian law, vertex reinforced jump process, Pitman 2M-B theorem, Pitman transform