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Research has revealed that both cognitive factors, such as knowledge, problem solving strategies and affective factors, such as motivation and emotions, strongly influence mathematical problem solving. However, few studies have examined the content specificity and generality of the relationship between mathematical problem solving and affective factors. This study examines the content specificity and generality of the relationship between mathematical problem solving, task value, math anxiety and engagement among high school students. Japanese second-year high school students (n = 240) completed questionnaires. The multilevel structural equation modelling revealed that utility value for entrance examinations and emotional engagement positively affected mathematical problem solving via cognitive engagement between various contents level. Emotional engagement positively affected mathematical problem solving via cognitive engagement within a certain content level. The results suggest that promoting the perception that learning mathematics has high utility value for university entrance examinations across various contents can increase students’ cognitive engagement and, therefore, improve mathematical problem solving. Furthermore, both increasing students’ emotional engagement only when they learn certain content and consistently increasing it may improve cognitive engagement and, therefore, allow learners to better solve mathematical problems. The study’s findings have significant implications for educational practice and mathematical problem-solving research.

This study aimed to determine the correlational analysis or whether math anxiety and mathematical performance of Grade 10 students in Morong National High School have a significant relationship with each other. It also focused on determining the level of math anxiety of Grade 10 students, describing their mathematical performance, and identifying the factors influencing their math anxiety. This study used a mixed method to answer the research questions as part of the descriptive, correlational design using a survey to determine the relationship between the two variables. The study was conducted in Morong National High School with 253 respondents out of 829 10th Grade students. The probability sampling was employed through simple random sampling on 10th Grade students regardless of their age, gender, section, or academic achievement in Mathematics. According to the statistical analysis of the results, the Pearson coefficient value suggests a weak negative correlation between math anxiety and mathematical performance, however, the magnitude of the correlation is quite small, indicating that there is only minimal relationship between the two variables. The result was produced from a Pearson coefficient of -0.058 and a p-value of 0.349 which exceeds a 0.05 level of significance, from a total of 253 respondents indicates that the observed correlation coefficient is not statistically significant at the chosen significant level of 0.05 (α=0.05).There is a weak negative correlation between math anxiety and mathematical performance of Grade 10 students in Morong National High School. Furthermore, the results of the scaling of math anxiety level resulted in quite a bit of anxiety with an overall weighted mean of 3.45 and an average of 83.66 on the respondent’s mathematical performance. Many factors are also identified that influence the students' math anxiety: the level of difficulty of math lessons, level of difficulty of math problems, oral recitation, low self-esteem, lack of knowledge in math, and surprise quizzes.

Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly integrated into our lives. Hence, it is important to understand the biases present in their outputs in order to avoid perpetuating harmful stereotypes, which originate in our own flawed ways of thinking. This challenge requires developing new benchmarks and methods for quantifying affective and semantic bias, keeping in mind that LLMs act as psycho-social mirrors that reflect the views and tendencies that are prevalent in society. One such tendency that has harmful negative effects is the global phenomenon of anxiety toward math and STEM subjects. In this study, we introduce a novel application of network science and cognitive psychology to understand biases towards math and STEM fields in LLMs from ChatGPT, such as GPT-3, GPT-3.5, and GPT-4. Specifically, we use behavioral forma mentis networks (BFMNs) to understand how these LLMs frame math and STEM disciplines in relation to other concepts. We use data obtained by probing the three LLMs in a language generation task that has previously been applied to humans. Our findings indicate that LLMs have negative perceptions of math and STEM fields, associating math with negative concepts in 6 cases out of 10. We observe significant differences across OpenAI’s models: newer versions (i.e., GPT-4) produce 5× semantically richer, more emotionally polarized perceptions with fewer negative associations compared to older versions and N=159 high-school students. These findings suggest that advances in the architecture of LLMs may lead to increasingly less biased models that could even perhaps someday aid in reducing harmful stereotypes in society rather than perpetuating them.

Mathematical problem solving is a process involving metacognitive (e.g., judging progress), cognitive (e.g., working memory), and affective (e.g., math anxiety) factors. Recent research encourages researchers who study math cognition to consider the role that the interaction between metacognition and math anxiety plays in mathematical problem solving. Problem solvers can make many metacognitive judgments during a math problem, ranging from global judgments such as, “Do I care to solve this problem?” to minor cue-based judgments such as, “Is my current strategy successful in making progress toward the correct solution?” Metacognitive monitoring can hinder accurate mathematical problem solving when the monitoring is task-irrelevant; however, task-relevant metacognitive experiences can lead to helpful control decisions in mathematical problem solving such as checking work, considering plausibility of an answer, and considering alternate strategies. Worry and negative thoughts (i.e., math anxiety) can both interfere with the accuracy of metacognitive experiences as cues in mathematical problem solving and lead to avoidance of metacognitive control decisions that could otherwise improve performance. The current paper briefly reviews and incorporates prior literature with current qualitative reports (n = 673) to establish a novel framework of regulated attention in mathematical problem solving (RAMPS).

The aim of the study was to demonstrate a relationship between the math anxiety (MA) of parents and teachers and the MA of children and the effects on the children’s performance in arithmetic. 286 children aged between 7 and 10 years and their parents and mathematics teachers participated in the study. The instruments used were: Math Anxiety Questionnaire; School Performance Test - Arithmetic subtest; Mathematical Anxiety Scale; and Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices. The results showed that advanced age of the teacher was a predictor of high levels of MA, which influenced the children’s performance in arithmetic. Low parental education was associated with high MA, however, there were no correlations between parents’ and children’s MA. A significant difference was found between the MA mean scores for girls and boys, with the girls presenting higher levels of MA. Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi evidenciar a relação entre a ansiedade matemática (AM) dos pais e dos professores com a AM das crianças e o desempenho destas em aritmética. Participaram do estudo 286 crianças com idade entre 7 e 10 anos e seus respectivos pais e professores de matemática. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Questionário de Ansiedade Matemática, Teste de Desempenho Escolar - Subteste de Aritmética, Escala de Ansiedade Matemática e Matrizes Progressivas Coloridas de Raven. Os resultados mostraram que a idade avançada dos professores é um fator preditor para altos níveis de AM, o que influencia no desempenho das crianças em aritmética. A baixa escolaridade dos pais está associada a alta AM, porém não foram encontradas correlações significativas entre AM de pais e crianças. Também foi encontrada uma diferença significativa entre as médias de AM para o sexo feminino e masculino, evidenciando que meninas possuem maiores níveis de AM. Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue resaltar la relación entre la ansiedad matemática (AM) de padres y docentes con la AM de los niños y su desempeño en aritmética y de los niños. Participaron en el estudio 286 niños entre 7 y 10 años y sus respectivos padres y profesores de matemáticas. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: Cuestionario de AM; Prueba de Rendimiento Escolar: Subprueba aritmética; Escala de AM; Matrices Progresivas Escala Coloreada de Raven. Los resultados mostraron que la edad avanzada de los docentes es un factor predictivo para altos niveles de AM, lo que influye en el rendimiento de los niños en aritmética. La baja educación de los padres se asocia con un alto AM, pero no se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre AM de padres e hijos. Asimismo, se encontró una diferencia significativa entre las medias de AM de niñas y niños, lo que demuestra que las niñas tienen niveles más altos de AM.

We investigate the relations between math anxiety, financial anxiety, and financial literacy while extending previous research in three ways. First, we examine the distinct subconstructs that comprise financial literacy (i.e., financial knowledge, confidence, attitudes, and behaviour). Second, we distinguish between financial knowledge items that are confounded with numeracy versus items that are not. Third, we control for trait anxiety. Using survey data from Canadian adults (N = 241), we demonstrate that math anxiety is negatively related to mathematical financial knowledge but is not related to conceptual financial knowledge, financial confidence, or financial behaviour. Financial anxiety, conversely, is negatively related to both mathematical and conceptual financial knowledge, financial confidence, and ideal financial behaviour. Our data suggest that, when considering financial literacy holistically, financial anxiety is more important than previously thought. These findings highlight the importance of distinguishing between the subconstructs that comprise financial literacy when attempting to understand individual differences that relate to financial literacy. Educators and policymakers looking to improve financial literacy would seemingly benefit from employing a targeted approach to decrease anxiety toward both math and finances.

Comparison shopping is good financial practice, but situations involving numbers and computations are challenging for consumers with math anxiety. We asked North Americans (N = 256) to select the better deal between two products differing in volume and price. As predicted, math anxiety was negatively related to performance on this Price Comparison Task. We then explored the mechanism underlying this relation by testing math competency, price calculation ability, need for cognition, and cognitive reflection as potential mediators. The results from a competing mediator analysis indicated that all factors, apart from need for cognition, served as significant independent mediators between math anxiety and performance on our Price Comparison Task. This study has important implications for how–and why–math anxiety relates to a person’s ability to accurately compare product prices. These data suggest that consumers higher in math anxiety may represent a financially vulnerable population, particularly in the context of financial tasks that are inherently mathematical.

The aim of this study is to examine mathematics anxiety in high school students according to cognitive distortions and motivation regulation variables related to academic anxiety. The sample of the study consists of a total of 436 students (283 girls and 153 boys) studying at different high schools in Turkey in the 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th grades. Mathematics Anxiety Scale (MAS), Cognitive Distortions Scale Related to Academic Achievement (CDS-AA) and Motivation Regulation Scale-Short Form (MRS-SF) were used to collect the data of the research. According to the findings obtained; a significant negative correlation was found between high school students' math anxiety and motivation regulation skills. In addition, it was determined that there were positive significant relationships between students' math anxiety and both the total scores of cognitive distortions related to academic achievement and the subdimension scores of catastrophizing, perfectionism, self-value, and outer attribution. According to the results of the regression analysis, it was determined that motivation regulation and cognitive distortions scores were a significant predictor of students' math anxiety. The findings were discussed with other studies in the field and some suggestions were made.

Mathematical skills are essential to mastering everyday activities, making professional choices, and exercising citizenship in a numerate society. There is extensive evidence of the relationship between math anxiety (MA) and working memory (WM) influencing math attainment. Studies have mainly considered adult samples, however, leaving primary school children almost unexplored. This study is a first attempt to examine how the complex interplay between MA and WM affects math achievement from a developmental perspective. A total of 148 third graders were assessed with WM, general anxiety (GA), MA, and math tasks. Anxiety and WM were assessed at the beginning of the school year when children started attending grade 3, while math achievement was tested twice at the start of grades 3 and 4. The findings seem to confirm that GA has both a direct and an indirect effect (mediated by WM) on math performance in third and fourth graders. MA has a direct effect on math performance in grade 4, but only an indirect effect in grade 3, suggesting MA has a developmental trajectory, becoming stronger over time. The implications in the educational setting are discussed, pointing to the importance of a combined intervention on MA and WM.

Teachers are strong role models for their pupils, especially at the beginning of education. This also holds true for math: If teachers feel anxious about math, the consequences on the mathematical education of their pupils is detrimental. Previous studies have shown that (future) elementary school teachers have higher levels of math anxiety than most people studying other subjects. Here, we set out to conceptually replicate these findings (e.g., meta-analysis by Hembree, 1990, https://doi.org/10.2307/749455) by comparing math anxiety levels of pre-service and in-service German and Belgian elementary school teachers to a reference group of German university students from various fields of study. Moreover, we questioned this finding by asking which elementary school teachers experience math anxiety, considering gender, specialization, and experience, and investigated how math anxiety relates to teaching attitudes towards math. We replicated the previous finding by showing that female elementary school teachers have a higher level of math anxiety as compared to other female students. Importantly, female elementary school teachers without math specialization indeed had higher levels of math anxiety than female students from other fields and almost a quarter of them experience critical math anxiety. In contrast, female elementary school teachers with math specialization did not show an increased level of math anxiety as compared to the reference sample. Considering that not only these but all teachers, regardless of specialization, teach math in elementary school in the investigated educational systems, the math anxiety of elementary school teachers is a potential problem for their pupils’ math attitudes and learning.

Elever som hamnar i matematiksvårigheter ska, utöver ledning och stimulans, genom extra anpassningar och/eller särskilt stöd få det stöd som krävs för att de ska kunna nå utbildningens mål. Elever erbjuds i en del fall, utöver stöd från ämneslärare i helklass, särskilt stöd av speciallärare, specialpedagoger eller lärare med specialpedagogisk kompetens. Det stödet kan ges i särskild undervisningsgrupp till skillnad från stöd från lärare som ges i den ordinarie undervisningen. Elever får därför undervisning av olika lärare och i den här studien undersöks lärarsamarbete kring undervisning av dessa elever. Syftet är att undersöka hur några ämneslärare, speciallärare/specialpedagog och lärare med specialpedagogisk kompetens i matematik samarbetar i det dagliga arbetet kring elever i behov av särskilt stöd. I den småskaliga studien undersöks lärarnas samarbete kring elever som delar sin undervisning och går mellan en klassrumssituation och en särskild undervisningsgrupp. Det är en kvalitativ studie där data har samlats in via semistrukturerade intervjuer. Elva lärare har deltagit i studien. Lärare avser här ämneslärare, speciallärare/specialpedagog och lärare med specialpedagogisk kompetens. Studiens resultat visar att skolorna oftast har en ”studio” eller motsvarande dit eleverna går vissa lektioner men att det verkar saknas ett systematiskt samarbete kring elever som får stöd i särskild undervisningsgrupp. I ”studion” finns större tillgång till laborativt och konkret material jämfört med i det vanliga klassrummet samt att fler uppgifter görs muntligen där. När eleven deltar i helklassundervisning ges eleven extra anpassningar i form av att läraren väljer vilka uppgifter eleven ska göra, möjlighet till paus under lektion och eleven arbetar oftast tyst för sig själv. De faktorer som påverkar samarbetet mellan lärarna upplevs vara organisation, kommunikation och relation.

The present project is a many lab style replication of the study "The Association of Self-Efficacy, Anxiety Sensitivity, and Perfectionism With Statistics and Math Anxiety" (McCaughey et al., 2022), which is being conducted by students in groups as part of their master's degree in psychology within the framework of the Medical School Hamburg MSH. This preregistration is made by Jule Eggers, Lara Jenne and Sophie Marielle Bandowski.

In spring 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic forced a rapid shift to distance learning worldwide. Although recent research has focused on the impact that this transition had on students’ education and well-being, little has been done in particular on math education and on math anxiety (MA). Since MA is believed to be linked to the teaching methods, it could be hypothesized that the new learning environment affected MA levels. Thus, this study investigated whether students’ levels of MA evaluated before and during the first wave of the pandemic changed as a consequence of the distance learning implementation. Moreover, we were interested in investigating whether students’ satisfaction with the teaching methods, their effort in math, and their academic achievement were correlated to MA before and during the COVID-19 distance learning. Participants were 117 Italian middle and high school students. No significant differences between pre- and mid-pandemic MA were found when considering the entire sample. Analyzing separately, results indicated that high-MA students reported significantly lower MA levels during distance learning, however no difference was observed for moderate- and low-MA individuals. Furthermore, satisfaction with the teaching methods, effort in math, and math achievement were negatively correlated with MA, both before and during distance education.

Our study will examine risk factors related to the emergence of math anxiety in 226 children tested in 3rd and 4th grade. We will investigate the interrelationship between parental math anxiety and their children's math anxiety and math achievement in a longitudinal perspective.

Statistics and math anxiety are pervasive problems for post-secondary students. We hypothesized that self-efficacy would be negatively related to math/statistics anxiety, and that anxiety sensitivity and perfectionism would be positively related to math/statistics anxiety, even when controlling for gender, university program, and education level. Method: Graduate and undergraduate students (N = 447, after exclusions) completed an online self-report questionnaire, including an abbreviated version of the Statistics Anxiety Rating Scale (STARS), math anxiety, self-efficacy, anxiety sensitivity, perfectionism, and demographics. Results: Exploratory factor analysis supported a six-factor structure for statistics anxiety. Self-efficacy was negatively associated with math/statistics anxiety, whereas anxiety sensitivity and perfectionism were positively associated with math/statistics anxiety. Relationships ranged from small-to-moderate, and most relationships persisted after adding covariates. Discussion: Our study suggests the feasibility of a short-form version of the STARS. Moreover, it provides important information on how personality is associated with domain-specific anxiety that can impede statistics education.

The negative relationship between math anxiety and math performance is well-supported in the literature. The important role of students’ math self-efficacy (i.e., their confidence in their ability to successfully complete specific math tasks) in this relationship is also established. Self-efficacy is extremely specific, however, and it is possible that additional types of self-efficacy can play a role in the relationship between anxiety and performance. This study surveyed 118 undergraduate students on their math anxiety, math performance, math self-efficacy, emotional self-efficacy, and emotional self-efficacy specifically in math to determine the mediating effects of these specific types of self-efficacy. Hierarchical linear regression shows that math self-efficacy continues to fully mediate the relationship between anxiety and performance; in the current study, emotional self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship while emotional self-efficacy specifically in math did not. The role of emotional self-efficacy should be further explored, as these findings are contrary to previous work. Educational interventions should continue to emphasize building students’ math confidence to improve the math performance of math-anxious students.

It has been suggested that parental mathematics anxiety may influence their children’s mathematics anxiety, attitudes, and performance. It remains an open question whether these parentchild associations differ by parental sex or parental involvement. We tested 249 Dutch-speaking Belgian participants, forming 83 (biological) mother–father–child trios. The 83 children (age: M = 5.74; SD = 0.30) attended Kindergarten. We tested their nonsymbolic comparison, symbolic numerical magnitude processing, numeral recognition, arithmetic, and matrix reasoning. We assessed both parents’ arithmetic skills, math anxiety, educational level, and division of care. More mathanxious parents tended to be less highly educated (r~0.42) and poorer at math (r~0.30). Compared to fathers, mothers had lower arithmetic, higher math anxiety, and higher educational level. Assortative mating (i.e., a significant spousal correlation) was found for educational level and arithmetic. Mothers’ (but not fathers’) educational level predicted children’s arithmetic scores (r = 0.31). Other parent-offspring correlations were non-significant. Most of the children’s test scores are intercorrelated. The parental characteristic that best predicted five- and six-year-olds’ arithmetic performance was maternal educational level rather than mathematical anxiety or performance. We discuss these findings in relation to the used measures, parental gender and involvement, children’s age, statistical power, and genetic and environmental transmission. The field is just starting to understand whether and how mathematics anxiety and the skills of parents influence those of their offspring. ispartof: Education Sciences vol:12 issue:11 pages:1-13 status: published

Vector problem-solving abilities are fundamental to everyday life and higher education; thus, improving them is important in education and research. However, the role of cognitive and affective factors and learning engagement in vector problem-solving performance is still unclear. This study examines the processes associated with vector problem-solving performance, focusing on the problem-solving strategy as a cognitive factor and math anxiety and task-specific self-efficacy as affective factors. In addition, this study examines the impact of learning engagement as a moderator in this process. A total of 245 Japanese 11th-grade high school students completed questionnaires. A multiple-group structural equation modelling revealed that (1) task-specific self-efficacy, math anxiety, and problem-solving strategies contribute to vector problem-solving performance when learning engagement is above average; (2) task-specific self-efficacy contributes to math anxiety, whereas task-specific self-efficacy and math anxiety contribute to problem-solving strategies when learning engagement is above average and stable; (3) task-specific self-efficacy is a positive predictor of vector problem-solving performance regardless of learning engagement. The results suggest that learning engagement moderates the association between math anxiety, task-specific self-efficacy, problem-solving strategy, and vector problem-solving performance. In addition, task-specific self-efficacy is a strong predictor of vector problem-solving performance.

Math anxiety’s negative effects on performance are well-documented. The interplay of math anxiety and mathematical competence regarding later performance is underexplored. We investigated whether math anxiety’s detrimental effects on learning depend on previous mathematical competence. Hypothesizing a moderation effect, we expected that trait math anxiety should affect pupils of higher competence to a greater extent than pupils with lesser competence. Based on 8th graders in secondary school, we found the expected interaction of math anxiety and math competence (represented by previous math grade) predicting performance three months later. The interaction of math anxiety and math competence on later performance remained despite controlling for math self-concept and gender (and previous topic-specific performance). The moderation showed differential slopes for the effects of math competence on later performance depending on trait math anxiety: At lower competence levels, math anxiety played a lesser role than for higher competence levels. Later performance was lowest for more competent pupils with higher math anxiety relative to their peers with similar competence levels but lower math anxiety. Although the data imply directionality, our design cannot imply causality. Nevertheless, one interpretation of the results is in line with the notion of greater performance losses over time for more competent pupils with higher levels of math anxiety: the learning progress may be aggravated for those, who have the prerequisite in ability to advance their performance. The optimal development of math capabilities may be compromised by math anxiety; good math abilities and low math anxiety may both be prerequisites for long-term learning success.

Cataloged from PDF version of article. Thesis (Master's): Bilkent University, M.A. in Curriculum and Instruction, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, 2022. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-74). It’s widely accepted in all cultures and educational systems around the world that math anxiety negatively impacts people’s lives. However, anxiety is not always negative. When stress increases, “fight or flight” reaction is triggered to prepare our body’s response to a challenge or threat. Once you learn how stress responses can be used as an adaptive tool, it provides the student with ambition and motivation on the road to success. According to laboratory studies, cognitive reappraisal interventions can help students to alter their negative thoughts about anxiety. It can even improve students’ math performance by reducing math anxiety. In this study, I investigated whether cognitive reappraisal interventions applied before the mathematics exams affect students’ mathematics anxiety, perceived coping resources and academic performance. Forty undergraduate students from social sciences department of a non-profit private university in Turkey participated. In the pretest, students completed questionnaires about math anxiety and stress appraisals before Math Exam-1. In the posttest, students were randomly assigned to two conditions: treatment or control. While students in the treatment group (n = 26) were taught how stress can be used as an adaptive tool by focusing on its positive effects (cognitive reappraisal), students in the control group (n = 14) were asked to ignore stress. I found that while math exam anxiety was reduced in the treatment group, it increased in the control group, but this difference wasn’t statistically significant. No effect on students’ coping resources and academic achievement found. Limitations and implications for further research are discussed. by İzel Sarı M.A.

Students regularly grapple with mistakes and failures when learning mathematics, but this can cause students to feel demotivated and disengage entirely from learning (Pan et al., 2020). These discouraging feelings may be particularly strong for students with high math anxiety, defined as “a feeling of tension, apprehension, or fear that interferes with math performance” (Ashcraft, 2002). Indeed, learners with high math anxiety are more likely to avoid difficult math problems compared to learners with lower math anxiety, even when incentivized with rewards (Choe et al., 2019). In past work, we have found that error- and reward-based feedback systems are associated with the likelihood of positive persistence-related learning behaviors: 1) whether a student chooses to reset their problem-solving steps to restart a problem during their first attempt (before completing the problem), and 2) whether a student chooses to replay a problem after their first attempt (after completing the problem). However, open questions remain as to how math anxiety interacts with these feedback systems. Here, we investigate how math anxiety moderates the relationship between two types of feedback (error-based, reward-based) and two persistence-related learning behaviors (resets, replays) in From Here to There (FH2T), a game-like environment for learning algebra.

A primary goal of this study is to experimentally test the effects of a brief intervention designed to prime positive math self-concept in order to buffer against math anxiety and improve math performance. A second goal of this study is to compare the intervention to the expressive writing prompt from Park et al., 2014, and two control groups (one active and one passive), on math outcomes (i.e., math performance, math anxiety, math self-concept, and confidence).

The purpose of this research is to better understand the relationship between math anxiety, working memory, and classroom experiences. Previous research indicates that there are multiple factors which influence the formation and existence of math anxiety including working memory and the interpretation of math experiences. However, the relationship between math anxiety, working memory, and experiences has not been explored. This study will investigate (1) whether the correlation between working memory and math anxiety is different based on math experiences and (2) whether the interpretation of math experiences may be explained by the factors of math anxiety and working memory. The study will utilize a mixed-methods design. The first question will be investigated with tests to assess math anxiety and working memory while a questionnaire will probe for experiences. The second question will be investigated through qualitative analysis of interviews conducted with participants selected by their working memory and math anxiety scores. It is predicted that in the group for those with primarily positive math experiences, participants will have low math anxiety regardless of working memory capacity, but among those with primarily negative math experiences, participants with lower working memory capacity will have higher math anxiety than those with higher working memory capacity. The qualitative analysis of interview data will be used to further explore the nature of these relationships to determine which factors of math experiences are the most significant in the development of math anxiety.

Using network analysis to explain the working memory, math anxiety and math performance network

APA Pre-Registration Assignment for PSY305. This study examines the effect of math anxiety on math test performance and whether this is a gendered effect.

Adolescents with math anxiety react anxiously to situations related to mathematics and therefore perform worse in math than necessary. They experience physical symptoms (e.g., rapid breathing and sweaty hands) as well as cognitive symptoms (e.g., self-doubts and worries). However, there seem to be two ways to cope with the anxiety: either avoidance (e.g., choosing an unobtrusive place in the classroom, postponing math homework, and reporting ill for a lesson/test) or compensation (spending lots of time on math schoolwork but not in an efficient way). In this project, we will investigate how these different learning styles relate to motivation as well as math anxiety.

Here is the open material, open data, open analysis, and supplementary material to the paper "Anxiety-related difficulties with complex arithmetic – A web-based replication of the anxiety-complexity effect" (Huber & Artemenko, 2021, Zeitschrift für Psychologie).

flipped teaching method. The goal of this study was determining the effect of flipped teaching on students' math anxiety and math performance. Methods: The statistical population of the study was comprised of all fifth grade female students in Marand City in the academic year of 1397-1398. The statistical sample was targeted I such a way that from two neighboring schools (Atieh School and Rah-e Behesht School) in the same area of Marand City that were selected as a convenience sample. Rah-e Behesht School was selected as the school using the traditional teaching method and Atieh School was selected as the one using the flipped instruction. Rah-e Behesht School with 27 students was selected as the control group and Atieh School with 29 students was selected as the experimental group. Mathematical Anxiety Scale was used to measure math anxiety of the subjects. Moreover, to evaluate the performance of the mathematics course in the form of mathematical problems at different levels of cognitive domain, a researcher-made test with 20 questions that was approved by the experts in this field was used as the pre-test and post-test. Flipped teaching was used as four sessions per week of the fifth grade elementary math course in which two sessions per week were performed at home (during which learning occurred at home by using educational CDs prepared by the teacher) and two sessions per week were performed in the class during which activities were done. Findings: The results of the MANCOVA and t-test showed that the four dimensions of mathematical anxiety (including learning anxiety, problem solving anxiety, math teacher anxiety and math evaluation anxiety) decreased significantly in the class using the flipped teaching method as compared to the traditional class. The math performance of the flipped teaching was also increased compared to that of the traditional class. Conclusions: To explain the results, it can be said that the flipped class facilitates deep learning through learning activities in the classroom and increases the motivation of teachers and students and makes the classroom more attractive and communicative for them; thus, the students' self-confidence increases in learning math. In the flipped classroom, students experience different skills, such as open and closed questions, active listening, direct questions, addressing inconsistencies, as well as support and encouragement from the teacher which make the students capable of setting goals and solving problems. As a result, such students would have less anxiety in comparison to those who learn math in the traditional way. On the other hand, in this type of learning, more time can be spent in the classroom for thinking skills. Also, learners are more actively involved in learning and creating knowledge, and, at the same time, they are testing and evaluating their knowledge. The flipped classroom helps learners to gain a broad understanding of their learning styles and practices. Increasing teachers' knowledge in the area of flipped teaching and holding in-service courses for teachers, as well as providing flipped teaching information are among the practical suggestions of this article. ===================================================================================== COPYRIGHTS ©2021 The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, as long as the original authors and source are cited. No permission is required from the authors or the publishers. =====================================================================================

espanolLa ansiedad matematica (AM) se ha medido principalmente en adultos y ninos mayores de 8 anos en paises anglofonos. Debido a la dificultad de encontrar instrumentos apropiados, pocos estudios han examinado la AM en ninos menores y en contextos hispanoparlantes. En el presente estudio, examinamos las propiedades psicometricas del Cuestionario de Ansiedad Matematica (CMAQ-R), un instrumento ampliamente utilizado en la evaluacion de AM en ninos de escuela primaria de habla inglesa. Un total de 810 estudiantes chilenos de segundo grado (50% ninos) de diferentes tipos de escuela (26% publica, 11% privada, 63% subsidiada) completaron una version en espanol de CMAQ-R. Los resultados mostraron una adecuada consistencia interna, al igual que el instrumento original. Los analisis factoriales confirmatorios mostraron que las puntuaciones de la version traducida de CMAQ-R se ajustan mejor a una estructura de dos factores correlacionados, que es invariante por genero y tipo de escuela. Este estudio proporciona evidencia sobre la utilidad de CMAQ-R en contextos culturales diferentes y respalda la multidimensionalidad de AM. EnglishMathematics anxiety (MA) has primarily been studied in adults and children over 8 years of age in English-speaking countries. Few studies have examined MA in younger children and in Spanish-speaking contexts due to the lack of suitable instruments. In the present study we examine the psychometric properties of the Child Mathematics Anxiety Questionnaire (CMAQ-R), an instrument widely used in English-speaking primary school children. A total of 810 Chilean second-grade students (50% boys) from different school types (26% public, 11% private, 63% private-subsidised) completed a Spanish version of CMAQ-R. The results showed adequate internal consistency in line with the original instrument. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that scores from the CMAQ-R version best fit a two correlated-factor structure, which was invariant across gender and school type. This study offers evidence regarding the usefulness of the CMAQ-R in contexts culturally different to the original and supports the multidimensionality of MA

Research suggests that math and test anxiety have detrimental impacts on performance in math. To prevent these effects, a number of interventions have been developed, but these interventions have not been extensively tested. In the current study, we examine whether four brief anxiety interventions reduce state anxiety and/or increase math performance. We also examine whether any of the interventions weaken the relation between math or test anxiety and math performance. Participants were 300 college students varying in math and test anxiety levels. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four single-session interventions, which each took 5 minutes or less (reappraisal as challenge, reappraisal as excitement, expressive writing, and look ahead), or a no intervention control group. Results generally show that none of the interventions had an effect on reports of state anxiety or performance on a difficult math assessment, with the exception that students in the expressive writing condition reported higher levels of state anxiety. None of the interventions served to attenuate the relation between math or test anxiety and math performance. These findings were not consistent with results of previous work, and suggest that interventions may need to be more extensive in order to have an effect on state anxiety and math performance.

The present study explored the role of snapshot emotional priming and math anxiety in estimation strategy selection. Participants were asked to complete a two-digit multiplication estimation task (e.g., 34 × 67) under explicit (Experiment 1) and implicit (Experiment 2) snapshot emotional priming conditions by freely choosing to use DU (down-up, e.g., doing 30 × 70 = 2100 for 34 × 67) or UD (up-down, e.g., doing 40 × 60 = 2400 for 34 × 67) strategies to arrive as close as possible to the correct answer. In Experiment 1, individuals’ estimation performance was positively influenced by explicit happy priming (shorter RT (reaction time)), while not affected by explicit fear priming. In Experiment 2, individuals’ estimation ACC (accuracy) when using the UD strategy was negatively affected by both implicit happy and fear priming, but their RT when using DU and UD strategies was positively impacted by implicit happy priming. In both experiments, the correlations between math anxiety and estimation performance (ACC, RT, and strategy selection adaptivity) was not significant. The present study suggests that fear priming was not always detrimental to individuals’ estimation performance, and happy priming did not always universally improve individuals’ estimation performance. Additionally, estimation strategy selection was not influenced by math anxiety.

Math anxiety (MA; i.e., feelings of anxiety experienced when being confronted with mathematics) can have negative implications on the mental health and well-being of individuals and is moderately negatively correlated with math achievement. Nevertheless, ambiguity about some aspects related to MA may prevent a fathomed understanding of this systematically observed relationship. The current study set out to bring these aspects together in a comprehensive study. Our first focus of interest was the multi-component structure of MA, whereby we investigated the relationship between state- and trait-MA and math performance (MP) and whether this relation depends on the complexity of a math task. Second, the domain-specificity of MA was considered by examining the contribution of general anxiety (GA) and MA on MP and whether MA also influences the performance in non-math tasks. In this study, 181 secondary school students aged between 16 and 18 years old were randomly presented with four tasks (varying in topic [math/non-math] and complexity [easy/difficult]). The math task was a fraction comparison task and the non-math task was a color comparison task, in which specific indicators were manipulated to develop an easy and difficult version of the tasks. For the first research question, results showed a moderate correlation between state- and trait-MA, which is independent of the complexity of the math task. Regression analyses showed that while state-MA affects MP in the easy math task, it is trait-MA that affects MP in the difficult math task. For the second research question, a high correlation was observed between GA and MA, but regression analyses showed that GA is not related to MP and MA has no predictive value for performance in non-math tasks. Taken together, this study underscores the importance of distinguishing between state and trait-MA in further research and suggests that MA is domain-specific. ispartof: Frontiers In Psychology vol:13 pages:1-9 ispartof: location:Switzerland status: published

[EN] We developed and evaluated the effectiveness of a new teaching strategy aimed at improving students' learning in a Research Design degree module with high mathematical content. The strategy involves presenting students with case studies based on published research and a set of questions to answer, following which they are given error analysis sheets detailing the correct answer for each question, the most common incorrect answers, and an explanation of why these answers are wrong. These sheets were created based on students' answers to the case-study questions and were used with the aim of helping them learn from their mistakes. A high proportion of students perceived the error analysis sheets to have been useful for improving their learning and understanding, and this was especially the case for those with a higher level of math anxiety. In addition, students' final grades were positively related to their attendance at classes in which error analysis sheets were used., This research was supported by the Consolidated Group for Innovation in Teaching GINDOC-UB/099 at the University of Barcelona and by grants 2017PID-UB/01 from the University of Barcelona and PSI2015-69915-R (MINECO/FEDER) from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the European Regional Development Fund.

Math anxiety is a psychological burden that can hinder individuals across their lifetimes. However, the current literature lacks a valid measure of math anxiety that can be used across instructional modalities and among non-student populations. As such, it is difficult to assess math anxiety in virtual learning environments, track math anxiety across lifetimes, or determine the utility of math anxiety inoculations for non-student populations. This study presents a validity portfolio for a generalized math anxiety measure that can be used across teaching modalities, across lifetimes, and is simple enough to be used cross-culturally. The measure yielded evidence of validity when used in all tested samples: the United States (student and non-student samples), New Zealand (student and non-student samples), Kyrgyzstan (non-student sample), Turkey (non-student sample), Russia (non-student sample), and Thailand (non-student sample). The data support the use of the new math anxiety measure free of context.

The full-length 2022 Special Issue (Volume 5, Issue 3) of the Journal on Empowering Teaching Excellence Access the online Pressbooks version (with downloadable EPUB format) here. The Spring 2022 issue begins with research that explores the perceptions of pre-service teachers relative to learning mathematics and science, with suggestions for how findings can impact curriculum and further research. The focus on pre-service teachers continues with research into their sense of self-efficacy with instructional technologies and whether specific techniques increase comfort level with technologies. Next, researchers explore the products that Generation Z students value most in their learning of a second language, including practical language application and engagement with the language culture and its native speakers. Then, college-level educators share a process for implementing problem-based learning (PBL) in higher education, exploring four main ideas of PBL and the role of the educator in its implementation.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the strategy of coping with mathematics on math anxiety and achievement. From the population of teacher candidates in Turkey, a total of 255 students from one state university were recruited through a combination of convenience and purposive sampling and willingness to participate in the present study. Data were collected from the participants using Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale-Short Version (MARS-SV) and Coping with Mathematics Scale-Short Version (CMS-SV). MANOVA results showed differences on the levels of math anxiety depending on the participants' coping strategies. For example; Those using the coping focused on solving the problem strategy were less anxious in mathematics. In addition, women experienced more mathematics test anxiety than men. Finally, a negative significant correlation was found between mathematics course anxiety and calculation anxiety and GPA score.

Представлен феномен математической тревожности и рассмотрены методы, позволяющие регулировать данный вид тревожности, способы их реализации, а также потенциальное применение с точки зрения их эффективности и надежности. Описанные методы практически не проверялись на российских выборках, в связи с этим требуется их дальнейшее изучение и экспериментальная верификация, а также апробация в условиях образовательного процесса. Новая реальность смешанного и онлайн-обучения может способствовать развитию математической тревожности и привести к увеличению количества школьников, испытывающих дискомфорт при работе с числовой информацией. Это требует переосмысления и усовершенствования методов ее регуляции.

Math anxiety (MA) describes feelings of tension, apprehension and fear that interfere with math performance. High MA (HMA) is correlated with negative consequences, including lower math grades, and ultimately an avoidance of quantitative careers. Given these adverse consequences, it is essential to explore effective intervention strategies to reduce MA. In the present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we investigated the efficacy of cognitive reappraisal as a strategy to alleviate the effects of MA. Cognitive reappraisal, an emotion regulation strategy, has been shown to decrease negative affect and amygdala responsivity to stimuli that elicit negative emotion. We compared a reappraisal strategy to participants’ natural strategy for solving math problems and analogies. We found that HMA individuals showed an increase in accuracy and a decrease in negative affect during the reappraisal condition as compared to the control condition. During math reappraise trials, increased activity in a network of regions associated with arithmetic correlated with improved performance for HMA individuals. These results suggest that increased engagement of arithmetic regions underlies the performance increases we identify in HMA students when they use reappraisal to augment their math performance. Overall, cognitive reappraisal is a promising strategy for enhancing math performance and reducing anxiety in math anxious individuals.

Section I: Articles and Papers Which Question Jo Boaler’s Studies (p1) Section II: List of Journal Papers by Jo Boaler and Ze’ev Wurman’s Critique (p4) Section III: Collections of Jo Boaler’s Viewpoints (p6) Section IV. Understanding Jo Boaler’s Perspectives Through Historical Lens (p30) Two Math Poems: Starry Starry Night (p38) The Road Taken by Johnny Who Can't Calculate (p39)

Demirtas, Sibel/0000-0001-7793-9583 WOS: 000556162600003 This study was based on a sequential explanatory mixed method research design in order to build an understanding of the relationships among attachment to parents, hope, perceived school climate and math anxiety in early adolescents by proposing a multiple mediation model. In the quantitative part, a total of 300 secondary school students (55% girls and 44% boys) participated in the study. The mean age of the adolescents was 12.70 years (SD: 0.78). The participants were recruited from five middle schools in Turkey. In the qualitative part, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 students. The qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis. The results showed that there was a positive relationship among attachment to parents, hope, and perceived school climate, and all variables negatively correlated with math anxiety. The findings from the mediational analyses also indicated that the serial multiple mediation of hope and perceived school climate in the hypothetical model was statistically significant. Moreover, it was observed that the qualitative findings supported the established relationships among the variables and the mediational analyses.

espanolEl estudio tiene como objetivo mejorar el conocimiento actual sobre como la relacion entre la capacidad matematica percibida y el rendimiento matematico puede estar mediada, o moderada, por el nivel de ansiedad ante las matematicas, teniendo en cuenta las habilidades intelectuales, el genero y el curso escolar. En el estudio participaron 2,245 estudiantes espanoles de 7o a 10o grado. Todos completaron las Escalas de Actitudes Matematicas Fennema-Sherman y la Escala de Inteligencia Triarquica de Sternberg. Los principales resultados mostraron que (i) la competencia percibida es un potente predictor de rendimiento matematico (cuanto mayor es la competencia percibida mejor es el rendimiento en matematicas), (ii) la ansiedad ante las matematicas media significativamente la relacion entre la competencia percibida y el rendimiento matematico (aunque el efecto sea pequeno) y (iii) el nivel de ansiedad condiciona la intensidad del efecto de la competencia percibida en el rendimiento matematico (a un nivel de ansiedad elevado el tamano del efecto de la relacion entre la competencia percibida y el logro es grande, mientras que a un nivel bajo el efecto es pequeno). EnglishThis study aims to improve current understanding of how the relationship between perceived math ability and math achievement may be mediated or moderated by levels of anxiety about math, considering intellectual abilities, gender, and school year. In this study, participants were 2,245 Spanish students (7th to 10th grade). All completed the FennemaSherman Mathematics Attitudes Scales and the Sternberg Triarchic Abilities Test. The main results showed that (i) perceived competence is a potent predictor of achievement (the higher the perceived competence, the better the performance in mathematics), (ii) anxiety about mathematics significantly mediates the relationship between perceived competence and math achievement (although the effect is small), and (iii) levels of anxiety condition the intensity of the effect of perceived competence on math achievement (at high levels of anxiety the effect size of the relationship between perceived competence and achievement is large, whereas at low levels of anxiety the effect is small).

The blended learning was a learning model that combines offline and online learning. There are two types of blended learning models used in this research, namely the flipped classroom model and the station rotation model. In these models, the teacher would use WhatsApp as a media for online learning. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of blended learning models on mathematical creative thinking skills and math anxiety of public junior high school students in Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java Province. The research method used was quasi-experimental by sampling using stratified cluster random sampling techniques. There were three schools selected as research samples, namely Mojolaban 1 Public Junior High School, Mojolaban 2 Junior High School, and Grogol 3 Public Junior High School. The data collection used a written test and questionnaires methods which were carried out after the treatment was given. The data analysis technique used a one-way multivariate analysis of variance. This research shows that the blended learning models were better than the direct learning model on mathematical creative thinking skills, but judging from the magnitude of math anxiety, the direct learning model was better than the station rotation learning model.

Considering how spatial thinking connects to Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) outcomes, recent studies have evaluated how spatial interventions impact elementary students’ math learning. While promising, these interventions tend to overlook other factors affecting math learning; perceptions of math abilities, beliefs about math, and math anxiety can also impact math performance. Additionally, perceptions of spatial skill and spatial anxiety impact spatial performance. This study investigated how elementary teachers’ perceptions of spatial thinking connects with math perceptions. Specifically, we focused on teachers’ attitudes and beliefs around three topics: teaching and learning math, spatial abilities, and spatial thinking in mathematics. We found that lower spatial anxiety related to lower anxiety about teaching math, greater alignment between math beliefs and math standards, and greater efficacy in teaching and learning math. Further, a factor analysis showed one factor that connected stereotypical math thinking with both math and spatial anxiety, and another that connected spatial competencies, teaching and learning math, and spatial thinking within math. To further evaluate spatial thinking in math, we introduced a math categorization and verified it using teachers’ ratings of teaching difficulty, visualization helpfulness, and spatial-thinking involvement. Structural equation models revealed that the level of spatial-thinking categorization was the best model of all three of the teachers’ ratings. Overall, results showed numerous connections between teachers’ attitudes and beliefs about mathematics and spatial thinking. Future intervention studies should consider teachers who are spatial and/or math-anxious, and future research should investigate the role of stereotypical thinking in spatial and math anxiety.

The current study investigated the association between math anxiety, math self-concept, and math self-efficacy with intention to declare a degree in psychology. Additionally, the study investigated whether knowledge of the statistics requirement in psychology was associated with psychology degree intentions and whether the three math factors were associated with time since last math course. Undergraduate students completed a questionnaire concerning their intention to pursue a psychology degree, the revised version of the Fennema-Sherman Mathematics Anxiety Scale, the Self-Description Questionnaire III Mathematics Subscale, and the Mathematics Self-Efficacy Scale. Results revealed no significant relationships between scores on the three math scales and intentions to declare a degree in psychology. However, significant, negative correlations were found between time since last math course with math anxiety and math self-efficacy scores, and all three math constructs were significant for non-psychology-interested participants. Overall, psychology-interested participants appear intent on entering psychology, regardless of the statistics requirement.

Resumen Introducción: el estudio analizó (a) las diferencias entre madres y padres en sus actividades matemáticas en el hogar y en otros factores del ambiente matemático (actitudes, ansiedad, creencias y expectativas matemáticas) y (b) la asociación entre los factores del ambiente matemático y las actividades matemáticas en el hogar. Método: participaron 266 familias de niños y niñas chilenos de primer a tercer grado de primaria (edad promedio = 93.35 meses, DE = 11.45 meses). Ambos padres contestaron un cuestionario sobre matemáticas en el hogar. Resultados: las madres reportaron realizar actividades matemáticas con mayor frecuencia que los padres. Análisis de ecuaciones estructurales mostraron que las actividades matemáticas realizadas por los padres se relacionaron con sus creencias, actitudes y expectativas matemáticas; mientras que las de las madres se relacionaron con sus creencias, actitudes y género de los niños. Conclusiones: los hallazgos aportan a la comprensión del ambiente matemático en el hogar. Abstract Introduction: The study analyzes (a) the differences between mothers and fathers in their home math activities and home math environment factors (math attitudes, anxiety, beliefs, and expectations) and (b) the associations among the home math environment factors and home math activities of Chilean families. Method: Participants were 266 families of boys and girls attending grades 1-3 (mean age = 93.35 months, DS = 11.45 months). Both parents of each child independently answered a home math questionnaire. Results: Mothers reported doing more math activities with their children than fathers. The structural equation model analyses showed that the frequency with which fathers engage in home math activities was related to their math beliefs, attitudes, and expectations, whereas maternal home math activities were related to their beliefs, attitudes, and the gender of the child. Conclusions: The findings contribute to the understanding of the home math environment.

Whether mathematics is a gendered domain or not is a long-lasting issue bringing along major social and educational implications. The females' underrepresentation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) has been considered one of the key signs of the math gender gap, although the current view largely attributes the origin of this phenomenon to sociocultural factors. Indeed, recent approaches to math gender differences reached the universal conclusion that nature and nurture exert reciprocal effects on each other, establishing the need for approaching the study of the math gender issue only once its intrinsic complexity has been accepted. Building upon a flourishing literature, this review provides an updated synthesis of the evidence for math gender equality at the start, and for math gender inequality on the go, challenging the role of biological factors. In particular, by combining recent findings from different research areas, the paper discusses the persistence of the “math male myth” and the associated “female are not good at math myth,” drawing attention to the complex interplay of social and cultural forces that support such stereotypes. The suggestion is made that longevity of these myths results from the additive effects of two independent cognitive biases associated with gender stereotypes and with math stereotypes, respectively. Scholars' responsibility in amplifying these myths by pursuing some catching lines of research is also discussed.

This research was carried out in order to determine whether there is a significant relationship between the mathematics anxiety experienced by primary school teacher candidates and their beliefs about problem-solving, and it was carried out in the relational survey model. The population of this research consists of primary school teacher candidates studying in the 3rd and 4th grades in education faculties. The sample was obtained using by purposive sampling method and primary school teacher candidates studying in the 3rd and 4th grades of MCBÜ, Faculty of Education. In the research, ' MKÖ-Ö’' and ' M-PÇİÖ ' were applied. SPSS package program was used in the analysis of the obtained data. As a result of the findings, there was a relationship between math anxiety and gender, but no significant relationship was found between age and class variables, and it was concluded that there was a significant relationship between (MKÖ-Ö) (M-PÇİÖ) subscales., Bu araştırma sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının yaşadıkları matematik kaygısı ve problem çözmeye ilişkin inançları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olup olmadığını belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüş ve nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modelinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu araştırmanın evrenini eğitim fakültelerinde 3. ve 4. sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olan sınıf öğretmeni adayları oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiş ve Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi 3. ve 4. sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olan sınıf öğretmen adaylarından oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada ‘’Öğretmen ve Öğretmen Adaylarına Yönelik Matematik Kaygı Ölçeği (MKÖ-Ö), Matematiksel Problem Çözmeye İlişkin İnanç Ölçeği (M-PÇİÖ)’’ uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde SPSS paket programından yararlanılmıştır. Ulaşılan bulgular sonucunda matematik kaygısı ile cinsiyet arasında bir ilişki bulunurken yaş ve sınıf değişkenleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki görülmemiş ve (MKÖ-Ö) ile (M-PÇİÖ) alt ölçekleri arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

In the current study, we used a multi-method approach to understand the quality of math homework-helping interactions between parents and their children and how parents’ and children’s own math achievement and math anxiety relate to the quality of the interaction. Forty Canadian parents and their children (ages 10–12 years; grades 5 to 7) completed self-report measures of math and general anxiety. Parents and children completed standardized assessments of math achievement and were then recorded as they engaged in a simulated math homework interaction. Coders assessed parent–child interaction quality during the interaction. Parent–child dyads generally performed well on the simulated math homework task. Nevertheless, task performance was correlated with the quality of the interaction, with high-quality interactions associated with high accuracy on the math task. Furthermore, the variability in the quality of the interaction was associated with parents’ and children’s math achievement and with the math anxiety of the children, but not the parents. Identifying the elements that influence parent–child interactions in math-related situations is essential to developing effective interventions to scaffold children’s math learning and attitudes.