Search

Background: Combined effects of physical activity (PA) and passive/mentally active sedentary behavior (SB) on dementia are unclear. Purpose: Identifying the effects of these behaviors on dementia onset among older adults. Methods: All residents aged ���65 in Tsuru, Yamanashi, Japan, were enrolled. A mail survey was conducted in 2016. Respondents were followed up for five years, and 5323 participants were included in the analyses (79.7%). Dementia onset was examined using long-term care insurance data. PA was evaluated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and categorized into, The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-smm-10.1177_09622802221090752 for Using horseshoe prior for incorporating multiple historical control data in randomized controlled trials by Tomohiro Ohigashi, Kazushi Maruo, Takashi Sozu and Masahiko Gosho in Statistical Methods in Medical Research

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Differences in baseline characteristics between those lost to follow-up and the sample for analysis (N = 5207)1. Supplementary Table 2. Differences in intervention effects in the intervention group between those who perceived the intervention program and those who did not (N = 791). Supplementary Figure 1. Intergenerational greeting campaign logo and slogan. Supplementary Figure 2. Intergenerational greeting campaign goods (banners, badges, and stationery).

Kazuhiko Segawa, 1 Norio Sugawara, 2 Kazushi Maruo, 3 Koichi Kimura, 4 Hirofumi Komaki, 5 Yuji Takahashi, 6 Masayuki Sasaki 7 1Department of Cardiology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan; 2Department of Psychiatry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan; 3Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; 4Department of General Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; 5Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan; 6Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan; 7Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, JapanCorrespondence: Kazuhiko SegawaDepartment of Cardiology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashimachi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, JapanTel +81-42-341-2711Fax +81-42-344-6745Email ksegawa@ncnp.go.jpPurpose: This study aimed to examine weather left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDd) could predict mortality from heart failure in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) receiving standard cardio-protective therapies.Patients and Methods: One hundred thirty-three patients with DMD aged ≥ 10 years who underwent echocardiography from 2011 to 2015 were included in this study and retrospectively followed until August 2018. Patients were divided into two groups according to LVDd at initial echocardiography: ≤ 54 mm (Group 1: n=119) and ≥ 55 mm (Group 2: n=14). To identify factors other than LVDd that may affect heart failure-related mortality, Group 2 patients who developed no left atrial (LA) enlargement, moderate mitral regurgitation (MR), or pulmonary hypertension (PH) during the observation period (Group 2A: n=5) were compared with those who newly developed one or more of those complications (Group 2B: n=7). Clinical outcomes were all-cause mortality and mortality from heart failure.Results: Mean observation period was 5.5± 1.5 years in Group 1 and 4.4± 1.9 years in Group 2. A total of 14 patients (10.5%) died, including 6 of 119 (5.0%) patients in Group 1 and 8 of 14 (57.1%) patients in Group 2 (p< 0.001). Among these, 1 (0.8%) patient in Group 1 and 8 (57.1%) patients in Group 2 died from heart failure (p< 0.001). Group 2B patients had shorter survival compared to Group 2A patients (p=0.006).Conclusion: LVDd ≥ 55 mm is a predictive factor for mortality from heart failure in patients with DMD. Complications including LA enlargement, moderate MR, and PH were found to be predictive factors for mortality from heart failure in a short period.Keywords: cardiomyopathy, heart failure, echocardiography, left atrial enlargement, mitral regurgitation, pulmonary hypertension

Additional file 2: Components of the Up2-D2. The table shows the contents of each session of the Up2-D2 program.

Additional file 1: The data collection process. Among all children recruited, the number of consenting children, parents, and teachers is shown.

Additional file 1.

Additional file 3: Least square means and a comparison with the SDQ subscales at baseline using a linear mixed-effects model.

Additional file 4: An across-time comparison of the SDQ subscale scores for the 3 ASD groups using a linear mixed-effects model.

The aging of the population has resulted in atrial fibrillation (AF) becoming increasingly prevalent. Treatment focuses on the prevention of thromboembolism through the use of catheter ablation or drug therapy with anticoagulants, such as warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). Dabigatran-induced exfoliative esophagitis has been reported as a rare side effect of DOACs. Although most cases are mild, some result in severe outcomes. However, the etiology of exfoliative esophagitis remains incompletely understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the etiology of exfoliative esophagitis and identify its risk factors by observational study. The participants were 524 patients using anticoagulants who received catheter ablation for AF and subsequently underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at University of Tsukuba Hospital. Exfoliative esophagitis was noted in 21 (4.0%) patients. Potential risk factors for exfoliative esophagitis were examined retrospectively by comparing patients with and without this condition across the following parameters that were extracted retrospectively from the electronic medical records: physical characteristics, comorbidities, blood-based cardiac markers, echocardiographic and endoscopic findings, and current medications. Regarding physical characteristics, patients with exfoliative esophagitis had significantly higher body weight and BMI. No association was observed between exfoliative esophagitis and comorbidities. Associations were also not found for cardiac markers, echocardiographic findings, or endoscopic findings. In terms of current medications, patients receiving oral dabigatran showed the highest prevalence of exfoliative esophagitis at 8.8% (13/148). The adjusted odds ratio of dabigatran for exfoliative esophagitis was 10.3 by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Obesity and oral dabigatran were found to be significant risk factors for exfoliative esophagitis.

supplementary_material_figure_(1) for A Comparison Between a Meta-analytic Approach and Power Prior Approach to Using Historical Control Information in Clinical Trials With Binary Endpoints by Naoki Isogawa, Kentaro Takeda, Kazushi Maruo and Takashi Daimon in Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science

supplementary_material_table for A Comparison Between a Meta-analytic Approach and Power Prior Approach to Using Historical Control Information in Clinical Trials With Binary Endpoints by Naoki Isogawa, Kentaro Takeda, Kazushi Maruo and Takashi Daimon in Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science

Radical cystectomy (RC) is recommended for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) or highest-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Trimodal therapy (TMT) is the most favorable strategy among bladder preservation therapies (BPT) for patients who are ineligible for or refuse RC. However, referrals for TMT, especially following chemotherapy, are limited by the patient's condition. Therefore, new BPT approaches are needed. Atezolizumab inhibits programmed death-ligand 1, is well-tolerated in patient populations heavily dominated by renal insufficiency, and is expected to have synergistic anti-tumor effects in combination with radiation therapy (RT). Therefore, we have conducted this open-label phase II multicenter study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RT in combination with atezolizumab for T2-3 MIBC and highest-risk T1 NMIBC patients. This study was initiated in January 2019, and we aimed to enroll a total of 45 patients. The study is registered in the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (Identifier: RCT2031180060).

Impairment of bone growth after radiotherapy for pediatric bone cancer is a well-known adverse event.However, there is limited understanding of the relationship between bone growth and irradiation dose.In this study, we retrospectively analyzed bone growth impairment after proton beam therapy forpediatric cancer. A total of 353 vertebral bodies in 23 patients under 12 years old who received protonbeam therapy were evaluated. Compared to the non-irradiated vertebral body growth rate, the irradiatedvertebral body rate (%/year) was significantly lower: 77.2%, 57.6%, 40.8%, 26.4%, and 14.1% at 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 Gy (RBE) irradiation, respectively. In multivariate analysis, radiation dose was theonly factor correlated with vertebral body growth. Age, gender, and vertebral body site were notsignificant factors. These results suggest that the growth rate of the vertebral body is dose-dependentand decreases even at a low irradiated dose. This is the first report to show that proton beam therapyhas the same growth inhibitory effect as photon radiotherapy within the irradiated field.

Results of the simulation study. We provide the following details related to designs and results of the simulation study: (i) density functions of the random effects distribution, (ii) full tables of the results, (iii) summary statistics of estimates for the transformation and the shift parameter. (PDF 2467 kb)

R code. Our Bayesian analyses in the simulation study and the application were implemented by using the R software. We provide R functions nremeta and bcremeta for the Bayesian estimations of the normal random effects model and the proposed model respectively. (PDF 45 kb)