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[EN] It is important to note that seasonality could affect ram reproductive parameters, and therefore, fertility results after artificial insemination. In this work, 1) we assessed fertility rates after cervical artificial insemination of 11,805 ewes at the beginning (June 21st to July 20th) and at the end (November 20th to December 21st) of the reproductive season in the Assaf breed for the last four years, and 2) we aimed to identify male factors influencing the different reproductive success obtained depending on the time at the mating season in which ovine artificial insemination was performed. For this purpose, we evaluated certain ram reproductive and ultrasonographical parameters as well as we performed a multiparametric and proteomic sperm analysis of 6–19 rams at two very distant points in the mating season (July as Early Breeding Season –EBS– and November as Late Breeding Season –LBS–). Rutinary assessments carried out in the ovine reproduction centers (testicular volume, libido, sperm production and mass motility) showed non-significant differences (P ≥ 0.05) between both studied times, as well as the ram ultrasonographic evaluation (Resistive and Pulsatility Index as Doppler parameters; and pixels mean gray level, and hypoechoic areas percentage and density as echotexture parameters). However, at level of sperm functionality, although sperm quality appeared non-significantly lower (P ≥ 0.05) in the EBS, we identified a significantly different (P < 0.05) sperm proteomic profile between the seasonality points. The following proteins were identified with the lowest abundance in the EBS with a fold change > 4, a P = 2.40e-07, and a q = 2.23e-06: Fibrous Sheath-Interacting Protein 2, Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase Domain-Containing Protein 20-like, Phosphoinositide-Specific Phospholipase C, Tektin 5, Armadillo Repeat-Containing Protein 12 Isoform X3, Solute Carrier Family 9B1, Radial Spoke Head Protein 3 Homolog, Pro-Interleukin-16, NADH Dehydrogenase [Ubiquinone] 1 Alpha Subcomplex Subunit 8, Testis, Prostate and Placenta-Expressed Protein, and Acyl Carrier Protein Mitochondrial. In conclusion, while our basic analyses on male and sperm quality showed similar results between the beginning and the end of the breeding season, on a proteomic level we detected a lower expression of sperm proteins linked to the energy metabolism, sperm-oocyte interactions, and flagellum structure in the EBS. Probably, this different protein expression could be related to the lower fertility rate of Assaf ewes after cervical artificial insemination at this time. More importantly, sperm proteins can be used as highly effective molecular markers in predicting sperm fertilization ability related to intraseasonal variations. SI

This dataset is related to the scientific publication "Age-related changes in upper limb motion during typical development" that can be found under the link 10.1371/journal.pone.0198524 by Simon-Martienz et al (2018). This data contains single subject kinematic and spatiotemporal parameter data, whereby each row is a single subject. As the study investigate the age-related changes in kinematic and spatiotemporal characterics of upper limb motion, the data regarding age is also provided. Other specific questions can be addressed to the first author (cristina.simon@kuleuven.be). Enjoy! Cristina

Objective: Update on plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) in the field of orthopedic surgery and traumatology. Method: Review of 136 studies on PRGF relevant in the field of orthopedic surgery and traumatology published in the last 10 years. Results: The largest number of studies on PRGF has been performed in the field of osteoarthritis of the knee (25%), followed closely by the comparative studies between PRGF and hyaluronic acid (19%). The studies on ligamentous and tendinous pathology (14%), the joint pathology different from the knee (10%).The remaining studies addressed pseudoarthrosis, osteonecrosis and nerve regeneration among others. The most commonly used platelet products were Plasma Rich in Platelets (73%), Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (15%) and Plasma Rich in Fibrin (12%). Conclusions: To document the preparation of platelet prod-ucts, establish the precise concentration of growth factors and carry out long-term follow-up is es-sential for future studies.

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Embarassades; Verola del mico; Recomanacions Embarazadas; Viruela del mono; Recomendaciones Pregnant; Monkeypox; Recommendations Aquest document conté informació sobre la verola del mico i la seva detecció i procediment en dones embarassades.

Neoadjuvant therapy is the cornerstone of modern rectal cancer treatment. Insights into the biology of tumor responses are essential for the successful implementation of organ-preserving strategies, as different treatments may lead to specific tumor responses. In this study, we aim to explore treatment-specific responses of the tumor microenvironment. Patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the rectum who had received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (CT), neo-adjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT), neo-adjuvant radiotherapy with a long-interval (LRT) or short-interval (SRT) or no neoadjuvant therapy (NT) as control were included. Multiplex-immunofluorescence was performed to determine the presence of cytotoxic T-cells (T-cyt; CD3+CD8+), regulatory T-cells (T-reg; CD3+FOXP3+), T-helper cells (T-helper; CD3+CD8-FOXP3-), B cells (CD20+), dendritic cells (CD11c+) and tumor cells (panCK+). A total of 80 rectal cancer patients were included. Treatment groups were matched for gender, tumor location, response to therapy, and TNM stage. The pattern of response (shrinkage vs. fragmentation) was, however, different between treatment groups. Our analyses reveal that RCT-treated patients exhibited lower stromal T-helper, T-reg, and T-cyt cells compared to other treatment regimens. In conclusion, we demonstrated treatment-specific differences in the immune microenvironment landscape of rectal cancer patients. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of this landscape after a specific therapy will benefit future treatment decisions.

In this paper we investigate the impact that Short-Time Work schemes (STWs) had on employment and labour market flows during the COVID emergency of 2020 in four of the five largest economies of the EU. Most European countries used STWs at this time to alleviate the negative impact of sanitary measures like lockdowns. Looking at labour market stocks and flows, we document that these schemes were widely adopted and likely prevented substantial job losses. However, they failed to protect temporary workers. Moreover, in all countries, transitions from employment to non-participation reached unprecedented levels. These flows are reverted in subsequent quarters, which implies that many workers postponed job search during the lockdown. We do not observe permanent increases in non-participation, but we document a large fall in flows between temporary and permanent jobs. We interpret this as a drop in labour market mobility. We find that vacancy posting and firm dynamics may be able to explain part of the observed differences between countries.

Ensembl (https://www.ensembl.org) is unique in its flexible infrastructure for access to genomic data and annotation. It has been designed to efficiently deliver annotation at scale for all eukaryotic life, and it also provides deep comprehensive annotation for key species. Genomes representing a greater diversity of species are increasingly being sequenced. In response, we have focussed our recent efforts on expediting the annotation of new assemblies. Here, we report the release of the greatest annual number of newly annotated genomes in the history of Ensembl via our dedicated Ensembl Rapid Release platform (http://rapid.ensembl.org). We have also developed a new method to generate comparative analyses at scale for these assemblies and, for the first time, we have annotated non-vertebrate eukaryotes. Meanwhile, we continually improve, extend and update the annotation for our high-value reference vertebrate genomes and report the details here. We have a range of specific software tools for specific tasks, such as the Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor (VEP) and the newly developed interface for the Variant Recoder. All Ensembl data, software and tools are freely available for download and are accessible programmatically.

Successful internal fertilization in mammals depends on several mechanisms, including those triggering the so-called &ldquo, sperm attraction&rdquo, towards the oocyte, which include some oocyte-derived sperm chemoattractants and interactive protein complexes, such as the cytokine C-X-C motif chemokine 12/C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCL12-CXCR4) receptor complex. The presence and precise localization of these crucial proteins was determined hereby, for the first time, in porcine cumulus&ndash, oocyte complexes (COCs) and spermatozoa. CXCL12 was overexpressed in the cumulus cells of in vitro matured, compared to immature COCs (p &lt, 0.05), with its receptor (CXCR4) being up-regulated in capacitated spermatozoa (p &lt, 0.03) compared to uncapacitated spermatozoa. The CXCR4 appeared specifically localized in the sperm tail of non-capacitated spermatozoa and also in the sperm head of capacitated spermatozoa, suggesting that the CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling complex would play a pivotal role in attracting capacitated spermatozoa towards the oocyte, facilitating fertilization in pigs.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a gut-brain disorder in which symptoms are shaped by serotonin acting centrally and peripherally. The serotonin transporter gene SLC6A4 has been implicated in IBS pathophysiology, but the underlying genetic mechanisms remain unclear. We sequenced the alternative P2 promoter driving intestinal SLC6A4 expression and identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were associated with IBS in a discovery sample. Identified SNPs built different haplotypes, and the tagging SNP rs2020938 seems to associate with constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C) in females. rs2020938 validation was performed in 1978 additional IBS patients and 6,038 controls from eight countries. Meta-analysis on data from 2,175 IBS patients and 6,128 controls confirmed the association with female IBS-C. Expression analyses revealed that the P2 promoter drives SLC6A4 expression primarily in the small intestine. Gene reporter assays showed a functional impact of SNPs in the P2 region. In silico analysis of the polymorphic promoter indicated differential expression regulation. Further follow-up revealed that the major allele of the tagging SNP rs2020938 correlates with differential SLC6A4 expression in the jejunum and with stool consistency, indicating functional relevance. Our data consolidate rs2020938 as a functional SNP associated with IBS-C risk in females, underlining the relevance of SLC6A4 in IBS pathogenesis.

Interest in the cultivation of quinoa pseudo-cereal (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) has increased in recent years due to its nutritional value, as well as its antioxidant capacity and phytochemical content. The chemical composition of quinoa seeds and their bioactive compounds can differ between varieties. In this study, the nutritional composition, antioxidant properties and total phenolic content of Yellow quinoa seeds cultivated in Mexico were evaluated. The results were compared with four commercial quinoa varieties from Peru: Yellow, Black, Red and Peruvian Yellow. The chemical composition of seeds in this study varied as a function of germplasm and growing conditions. In general, samples were characterized by their high carbohydrate content, followed by protein, lipids and fiber. The Yellow quinoa grown in Mexico stood out for its high phenolic content, as well as for its antioxidant activity, probably influenced by the presence of saponins.

The maternal environment modulates immune responses to facilitate embryo development and ensure pregnancy. Unraveling this modulation could improve the livestock breeding systems. Here it is hypothesized that the exposure of the female rabbit reproductive tract to semen, as well as to early embryos, modulates inflammation and angiogenesis among different tissue segments. qPCR analysis of the gene expression changes of the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL10) and transforming growth factor beta family (TGF&beta, 1&ndash, 3) and the angiogenesis mediator vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) were examined in response to mating or insemination with sperm-free seminal plasma (SP). Reproductive tract segment (cervix to infundibulum) samples were obtained in Experiment 1, 20 h after gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation (control), natural mating (NM) or vaginal infusion with sperm-free SP (SP-AI). Additionally, segmented samples were also obtained at 10, 24, 36, 68 or 72 h after GnRH-stimulation and natural mating (Experiment 2). The results of gene expression, analyzed by quantitative PCR, showed that NM effects were mainly localized in the uterine tissues, depicting clear temporal variation, while SP-AI effects were restricted to the oviduct. Changes in anti-inflammatory and angiogenesis mediators indicate an early response in the uterus and a late modulation in the oviduct either induced by semen or preimplantation embryos. This knowledge could be used in the implementation of physiological strategies in breeding systems to face the new challenges on rabbit productivity and sustainability.

Seminal plasma (SP) supports not only sperm function but also the ability of spermatozoa to withstand biotechnological procedures as artificial insemination, freezing or sex sorting. Moreover, evidence has been provided that SP contains identifiable molecules which can act as fertility biomarkers, and even improve the output of assisted reproductive technologies by acting as modulators of endometrial and embryonic changes of gene expression, thus affecting embryo development and fertility beyond the sperm horizon. In this overview, we discuss current knowledge of the composition of SP, mainly proteins and cytokines, and their influence on semen basic procedures, such as liquid storage or cryopreservation. The role of SP as modulator of endometrial and embryonic molecular changes that lead to successful pregnancy will also be discussed.

The interaction between brain damage and motor function is not yet fully understood in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Therefore, a semi-quantitative MRI (sqMRI) scale was used to explore whether identified brain lesions related to functional abilities and gait pathology in this population. A retrospective cohort of ambulatory children with spastic CP was selected [N = 104; 52 bilateral (bCP) and 52 unilateral (uCP)]. Extent and location-specific scores were defined according to the sqMRI scale guidelines. The gross motor function classification system (GMFCS), the gait profile score (GPS), GPSs per motion plane, gait variable scores (GVS) and multiple-joint (MJ) gait patterns were related to brain lesion scores. In all groups, the global total brain scores correlated to the GPS (total: rs = 0.404, p ≤ 0.001; bCP: rs = 0.335, p ≤ 0.05; uCP: rs = 0.493, p ≤ 0.001). The global total hemispheric scores correlated to the GMFCS (total: rs = 0.392, p ≤ 0.001; bCP: rs = 0.316, p ≤ 0.05; uCP: rs = 0.331, p ≤ 0.05). The laterality scores of the hemispheres in the total group correlated negatively to the GMFCS level (rs = −0.523, p ≤ 0.001) and the GVS-knee sagittal (rs = −0.311, p ≤ 0.01). Lesion location, for the total group demonstrated positive correlations between parietal lobe involvement and the GPS (rs = 0.321, p ≤ 0.001) and between periventricular layer damage and the GMFCS (rs = 0.348, p ≤ 0.001). Involvement of the anterior part of the corpus callosum (CC) was associated with the GVS-hip sagittal in all groups (total: rpb = 0.495, p ≤ 0.001; bCP: rpb = 0.357, p ≤ 0.05; uCP: rpb = 0.641, p ≤ 0.001). The global total hemispheric and laterality of the hemispheres scores differentiated between the minor and both the extension (p ≤ 0.001 and p ≤ 0.001) and flexion (p = 0.016 and p = 0.013, respectively) MJ patterns in the total group. Maximal periventricular involvement and CC intactness were associated with extension patterns (p ≤ 0.05 and p ≤ 0.001, respectively). Current findings demonstrated relationships between brain structure and motor function as well as pathological gait, in this cohort of children with CP. These results might facilitate the timely identification of gait pathology and, ultimately, guide individualized treatment planning of gait impairments in children with CP. ispartof: Frontiers In Human Neuroscience vol:14 ispartof: location:Switzerland status: Published online

Pig embryo transfer (ET) is burdened by high embryo mortality, with cytokines playing a significant role in recruitment of immune cells during embryo attachment and placentation. We hereby tested if their levels in endometrium and placenta from sows carrying hemi-allogeneic (artificially inseminated sows; C+ positive control) or allogeneic embryos (sows subjected to ET; ET) during peri-implantation (D18) or post-implantation (D24) are suitable mirrors of embryo rejection or tolerance after ET. Non-pregnant sows (C-) were used as negative controls. A set of cytokines was assayed in the tissues through multiplexed microsphere-based flow cytometry (Luminex xMAP, Millipore. USA). Fewer (58.7%. p < 0.003) conceptuses were recovered at D24 after ET compared to C+ (80.9%); with more than 20% of the ET conceptuses being developmentally delayed. Cytokine levels shifted during implantation. Anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in ET sows compared to C+ at D24 of pregnancy. The C+ controls (carrying hemi-allogeneic embryos) consistently showed higher levels of pro-inflammatory TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2 cytokines at D18 and IL-1α at D24, compared to the ET group. This clear dysregulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels in sows subjected to ET could be associated with an impaired maternal immune tolerance, explaining the high embryonic mortality of ET programs. Funding agencies: European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grantEuropean Union (EU) [891663]; Seneca Foundation Murcia (Spain)Fundacion Seneca [20780/PD/18]; Grupo AGROPOR I+D+I. AIE. org. Murcia, Spain [IKE-2019-00133

Supplemental material, Supplementary_Information_Revised_v1_1 for Randomized controlled trial combining constraint-induced movement therapy and action-observation training in unilateral cerebral palsy: clinical effects and influencing factors of treatment response by Cristina Simon-Martinez, Lisa Mailleux, Jasmine Hoskens, Els Ortibus, Ellen Jaspers, Nicole Wenderoth, Giuseppina Sgandurra, Giovanni Cioni, Guy Molenaers, Katrijn Klingels and Hilde Feys in Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders

The RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), some of them induced by transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels, are crucial regulators of RNA function that can contribute to reproductive pathogenesis, including inflammation and immune dysfunction. This study aimed to reveal the influence of spermatozoa, seminal plasma, or natural mating on mRNA expression of RBPs and TRP ion channels in different segments of the internal genital tract of oestrous, preovulatory sows. Particularly, we focused on mRNA expression changes of the cold-inducible proteins (CIPs) and related TRP channels. Pre-ovulatory sows were naturally mated (NM) or cervically infused with semen (Semen-AI) or sperm-free seminal plasma either from the entire ejaculate (SP-TOTAL) or the sperm-rich fraction (SP-AI). Samples (cervix to infundibulum) were collected by laparotomy under general anaesthesia for transcriptomic analysis (GeneChip&reg, Porcine Gene 1.0 ST Array) 24 h after treatments. The NM treatment induced most of the mRNA expression changes, compared to Semen-AI, SP-AI, and SP-TOTAL treatments including unique significative changes in CIRBP, RBM11, RBM15B, RBMS1, TRPC1, TRPC4, TRPC7, and TRPM8. The findings on the differential mRNA expression on RBPs and TRP ion channels, especially to CIPs and related TRP ion channels, suggest that spermatozoa and seminal plasma differentially modulated both protein families during the preovulatory phase, probably related to a still unknown early signalling mechanism in the sow reproductive tract.

Simple Summary Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones modulating different functions in mammals, including reproduction, that act through the glucocorticoid receptor, encoded by the gene called NR3C1. Here, we describe how the expression levels of the glucocorticoid receptor change along the different compartments of the female rabbit internal reproductive tract 20 h after insemination with sperm-free seminal plasma or natural mating (whole semen) (Experiment 1) and how these levels change at 10, 24, 36, 68, and 72 h post-mating, during specific stages over time, i.e., ovulation, fertilization and the interval of early embryo development to the morula stage occurs (Experiment 2). NR3C1-upregulation was found in the infundibulum at 20 h after all treatments, especially after sperm-free seminal plasma infusion compared to mating (Experiment 1). In Experiment 2, the receptor gene expression levels increased in a spatio-temporal sequence, corresponding to the assumed location of the rabbit embryos (particularly morulae) in the oviductal various segments and timepoints (particularly 72 h), compared to down-expression at uterine regions. We conclude that NR3C1 may play a relevant role in the rabbit female reproductive tract. Rabbits are interesting as research animal models for reproduction, due to their condition of species of induced ovulation, with the release of endogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) due to coitus. Glucocorticoid (GC) signaling, crucial for physiological homeostasis, is mediated through a yet unclear mechanism, by the GC receptor (NR3C1/GR). After mating, the female reproductive tract undergoes dynamic modifications, triggered by gene transcription, a pre-amble for fertilization and pregnancy. This study tested the hypothesis that when ovulation is induced, the expression of NR3C1 is influenced by sperm-free seminal plasma (SP), similarly to after mating (whole semen), along the different segments of the internal reproductive tract of female rabbits. Semen (mating) was compared to vaginal infusion of sperm-free SP (Experiment 1), and changes over time were also evaluated, i.e., 10, 24, 36, 68, and 72 h post-mating, corresponding to specific stages, i.e., ovulation, fertilization, and the interval of early embryo development up to the morula stage (Experiment 2). All does were treated with GnRH to induce ovulation. Samples were retrieved from seven segments of the reproductive tract (from the cervix to infundibulum), at 20 h post-mating or sperm-free SP infusion (Experiment 1) or at 10, 24, 36, 68, and 72 h post-mating (Experiment 2). Gene expression of NR3C1 was analyzed by qPCR. Results showed an increase in NR3C1 expression in the infundibulum compared to the other anatomical regions in the absence of spermatozoa when sperm-free SP infusion was performed (Experiment 1). Moreover, during the embryo transport through the oviduct, the distal isthmus was time-course upregulated, especially at 72 h, when morulae are retained in this anatomical region, while it was downregulated in the distal uterus at 68 h (Experiment 2). The overall results suggest that NR3C1, the GC receptor gene, assessed in the reproductive tract of does for the first time, shows differential expression changes during the interval of oviductal and uterine embryo transport that may imply a relevant role of the GC action, not only close to the site of ovulation and fertilization, but also in the endometrium. Funding Agencies|Research Council FORMAS, Stockholm [2017-00946, 2019-00288]; Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapradet, VR) [2015-05919]; Juan de la Cierva Incorporacion Postdoctoral Research Program (MICINN) [IJDC-2015-24380]; Generalitat de Catalunya, Agency for Management of University and Research Grants; European Social FoundEuropean Social Fund (ESF) [2018 FI_B 00236]; Government of Spain Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports [FPU15/06029]; Seneca Foundation Murcia (Spain)Fundacion Seneca [20780/PD/18]

Supplemental material, CONSORT_2010_Checklist for Randomized controlled trial combining constraint-induced movement therapy and action-observation training in unilateral cerebral palsy: clinical effects and influencing factors of treatment response by Cristina Simon-Martinez, Lisa Mailleux, Jasmine Hoskens, Els Ortibus, Ellen Jaspers, Nicole Wenderoth, Giuseppina Sgandurra, Giovanni Cioni, Guy Molenaers, Katrijn Klingels and Hilde Feys in Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders

In the study presented here we identified transcriptomic markers for fertility in the cargo of pig ejaculated spermatozoa using porcine-specific micro-arrays (GeneChip((R)) miRNA 4.0 and GeneChip((R)) Porcine Gene 1.0 ST). We report (i) the relative abundance of the ssc-miR-1285, miR-16, miR-4332, miR-92a, miR-671-5p, miR-4334-5p, miR-425-5p, miR-191, miR-92b-5p and miR-15b miRNAs, and (ii) the presence of 347 up-regulated and 174 down-regulated RNA transcripts in high-fertility breeding boars, based on differences of farrowing rate (FS) and litter size (LS), relative to low-fertility boars in the (Artificial Insemination) AI program. An overrepresentation analysis of the protein class (PANTHER) identified significant fold-increases for C-C chemokine binding (GO:0019957): CCR7, which activates B- and T-lymphocytes, 8-fold increase), XCR1 and CXCR4 (with ubiquitin as a natural ligand, 1.24-fold increase), cytokine receptor activity (GO:0005126): IL23R receptor of the IL23 protein, associated to JAK2 and STAT3, 3.4-fold increase), the TGF-receptor (PC00035) genes ACVR1C and ACVR2B (12-fold increase). Moreover, two micro-RNAs (miR-221 and mir-621) were down- and up-regulated, respectively, in high-fertility males. In conclusion, boars with different fertility performance possess a wide variety of differentially expressed RNA present in spermatozoa that would be attractive targets as non-invasive molecular markers for predicting fertility. Funding Agencies|Research Council FORMAS, Stockholm [2017-00946, 2019-00288]; Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsradet, VR)Swedish Research Council [2015-05919]; MINECO; FEDER Madrid (Spain) [AGL2015-69738-R]; Seneca Foundation Murcia (Spain)Fundacion Seneca [20780/PD/18]

In the last recession, the increase in long-term unemployment has been higher for younger workers than for older age groups. I propose a novel mechanism, search capital, to explain long-term unemployment patterns across different ages along the business cycle: ceteris paribus workers who have been successful in finding jobs in the recent past become more efficient at finding jobs in the present. Search ability increases with successful search experience and depreciates with tenure if workers do not search often enough. In labour markets where short-term jobs are a significant share of employment, this mechanism can explain cyclical bursts of long-term unemployment. Using Spanish administrative data, I provide empirical evidence that search capital, as proxied by the number of temporary jobs a worker has had, is negatively correlated with unemployment duration. The addition of search capital to a standard search model manages to replicate these empirical findings while also generating increases of long-term unemployment by age and along the business cycle that are consistent with the data. Although workers with stable jobs have higher welfare than workers with many employment spells when the economy is booming, they suffer higher losses during recessions because of their lower search capital.

In children with unilateral cerebral palsy (uCP), the corticospinal tract (CST) wiring patterns may differ (contralateral, ipsilateral or bilateral), partially determining motor deficits. However, the impact of such CST wiring on functional connectivity remains unknown. Here, we explored differences in functional connectivity of the resting-state sensorimotor network in 26 uCP with periventricular white matter lesions (mean age (SD): 12.87m (4.5), CST wiring: 9 contralateral, 9 ipsilateral, 6 bilateral) compared to 60 healthy controls (mean age (SD): 14.54 (4.8)), and between CST wiring patterns. Functional connectivity from each M1 to three bilateral sensorimotor regions of interest (primary sensory cortex, dorsal and ventral premotor cortex) and the supplementary motor area was compared between groups (healthy controls vs. uCP; and healthy controls vs. each CST wiring group). Results from the seed-to-voxel analyses from bilateral M1 were compared between groups. Additionally, relations with upper limb motor deficits were explored. Aberrant sensorimotor functional connectivity seemed to be CST-dependent rather than specific from all the uCP population: in the dominant hemisphere, the contralateral CST group showed increased connectivity between M1 and premotor cortices, whereas the bilateral CST group showed higher connectivity between M1 and somatosensory association areas. These results suggest that functional connectivity of the sensorimotor network is CST wiring-dependent, although the impact on upper limb function remains unclear.

During excavation of tunnels, large amounts of rock material are produced. This excavated rock material is utilized to a varying extent for road-, railway- and concrete purposes, but significant amounts are used as deposits on land, in fjords or lakes. For both economic and environmental reasons there is a great potential in increasing the utilization of excavated rock material locally in the same project or in neighboring projects. Initially, this report presents a brief introduction to the geology in Norway and some comparable European countries. This may give an indication which main rock type to expect in different areas during tunnelling. Further, the development within the main directions of tunnelling is discussed. Also, an overview of equipment and crushing technology is given. The boundaries of this report are excavated material used in asphalt, concrete, road construction and railway construction. For each area of utilization, a presentation of the currenttechnical requirements for various uses of the material in Norway is given. Examples of projects where excavated material is utilized are presented. Finally, possibilities and obstacles when it comes to utilizing excavated rock material are discussed, and further work is proposed.

Purpose To study the corneal and internal astigmatism and the age-related changes underlying the known refractive shift with-the-rule (WTR) towards against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism. Methods Refractive and corneal biometry data were collected for a total of 1195 healthy Caucasian subjects, recruited by ophthalmological centres across Europe. After conversion of refractive and corneal surface astigmatism to power vectors J(0) and J(45), the total corneal and internal astigmatism were calculated. Results Both refractive power vectors had leptokurtic distributions with a narrow peak at zero, and a broader, secondary distribution at its base, corresponding to eyes without balanced components. This may be fitted with a bigaussian function (J(0): r(2) = 0.87; J(45): r(2) = 0.98). Statistically significant changes in these distributions are seen with age: for refractive J(0) the narrow peak shortens progressively, while the broad peak shifts positive from to negative values, corresponding to increased astigmatism and a shift from with-the-rule towards against-the-rule. For J(45) the narrow peak shortens with age as well, while the broad peak flattens. These changes in refractive J(0) result from statistically significant negative shifts in both the corneal and internal components with age (Kruskal-Wallis, p < 0.05). Conclusion In young participants corneal and internal astigmatism partially cancel each other out. This balance between both is gradually lost after age 50, leading to larger amounts of refractive astigmatism, as well as a reorientation of the axis. Given the small amplitude of these changes, they are unlikely to have repercussions for long term stability toric cataract or refractive surgery outcomes.

This thesis is comprised of three essays relating to long term unemployment in Spain. The first chapter is methodological analysis of the main dataset that is used throughout the thesis. The second and third chapter provide two applications of the dataset for the study of long term unemployment. The methodology in these chapters can be easily adapted to study unemployment in other countries. Chapter 1. On the use of administrative data for the study of unemployment Social security administrative data are increasingly becoming available in many countries. These are very attractive data as they have a long panel structure (large N, large T) and allow to measure many different variables with higher precision. Because of their nature they can capture aspects that are usually hidden due to design or timing of survey data. However, administrative data are not ready to be used for labour market research, especially studies involving unemployment. The main reason is that administrative data only capture those registered unemployed, and in some cases only those receiving unemployment benefits. The gap between total unemployment and registered unemployment is not constant neither across workers characteristics nor time. In this paper I augment Spanish Social Security administrative data by adding missing unemployment spells using information from the institutional framework. I compare the resulting unemployment rate to that of the Labour Force Survey, showing that both are comparable and thus the administrative dataset is useful for labour market research. I also explore how the administrative data can be used to study some important aspects of the labour market that the Labour Force survey can’t capture. Administrative data can also be used to overcome some of the problems of the Labour Force survey such as changes in the structure of the survey. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive guide on how to adapt administrative datasets to make them useful for studying unemployment. Chapter 2. Unemployment Duration Variance Decomposition `a la ABS: Evidence from Spain Existing studies of unemployment duration typically use self-reported information from labour force surveys. We revisit this question using precise information on spells from administrative data. We follow the recent method proposed by Alvarez, Borovickova and Shimer (2015) for estimating the different components of the duration of unemployment using administrative data and have applied it to Austria. In this paper we apply the same method (the ABS method hereafter) to Spain using Spanish Social Security data. Administrative data have many advantages compared to Labour Force Survey data, but we note that there are some incompleteness that need to be enhanced in order to use the data for unemployment analysis (e.g., unemployed workers that run out of unemployment insurance have no labour market status in the data). The degree and nature of such incompleteness is country-specific and are particularly important in Spain. Following Chapter 1, we deal with these data issues in a systematic way by using information from the Spanish LFS data as well as institutional information. We hope that our approach will provide a useful way to apply the ABS method in other countries. Our findings are: (i) the unemployment decomposition is quite similar in Austria and Spain, specially when minimizing the effect of fixed-term contracts in Spain. (ii) the constant component is the most important one; while (total) heterogeneity and duration dependence are roughly comparable. (iii) also, we do not find big differences in the contribution of the different components along the business cycle. Chapter 3. Search Capital and Unemployment Duration I propose a novel mechanism called search capital to explain long term unemployment patters across different ages: workers who have been successful in finding jobs in the recent past become more efficient at finding jobs in the present. Search ability increases with search experience and depreciates with tenure if workers do not search often enough. This leaves young (who have not gained enough search experience) and older workers in a disadvantaged position, making them more likely to suffer long term unemployment. I focus on the case of Spain, as its dual labour market structure favours the identification of search capital. I provide empirical evidence that search capital affects unemployment duration and wages at the individual level. Then I propose a search model with search capital and calibrate it using Spanish administrative data. The addition of search capital helps the model match the dynamics of unemployment and job finding rates in the data, especially for younger workers.

We study $t$-designs of parameters $(n,k,\lambda)$ over finite fields as group divisible designs and set systems admitting a transitive action of a linear group encoded in an hypergraph $G$ whose vertex set of size $n$ is partitioned into sets of size $k$ in such a way that every $t$-subset is contained in at least $\lambda$ subsets of $G$. We relate the problem to the representation theory of the general linear group $\GL(n,\mathbb{F}_{q})$ and the constructions of AG codes over finite fields.

Social security administrative data are increasingly becoming available in many countries. These are very attractive data as they have a long panel structure (large N, large T) and allow to measure many different variables with higher precision. Because of their nature they can capture short, frictional unemployment which is usually hidden in survey data, due to design or timing of interviews. However, the definition of unemployment is also different in both datasets. As a result, the gap between total unemployment and registered unemployment is not constant neither across workers characteristics nor time.In this paper I augment the Spanish Social Security administrative data by adding missing unemployment spells using the institutional framework and the Labour Force Survey as a benchmark. I compare the resulting unemployment rate to that of the Labour ForceSurvey, showing that both are comparable and thus the administrative dataset is useful for labour market research. Administrative data can also be used to overcome some of the problems of the Labour Force survey such as changes in the structure of the survey. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive guide on how to adapt administrative datasets to make them useful for studying unemployment.

Table S1. Description of the goal-directed actions of during AOT for children with a House Functional Classification 4â 5. (DOCX 19 kb)

Demographic change is rising up the policy agenda of all countries, especially in those who are in OECD, where population shifts and rapid ageing require urgent adjustment of labour markets towards sustainability and resilience. This chapter firstly looks at the potential of demographic dashboards and age-management indexes as instruments for decision-making and strategic prioritisation of actions. It then reflects on the lessons learned from this book and offers some guidelines to manage demographic change in cities and regions.

BACKGROUND Degludec is an ultralong-Acting, once-daily basal insulin that is approved for use in adults, adolescents, and children with diabetes. Previous open-label studies have shown lower day-To-day variability in the glucose-lowering effect and lower rates of hypoglycemia among patients who received degludec than among those who received basal insulin glargine. However, data are lacking on the cardiovascular safety of degludec. METHODS We randomly assigned 7637 patients with type 2 diabetes to receive either insulin degludec (3818 patients) or insulin glargine U100 (3819 patients) once daily between dinner and bedtime in a double-blind, treat-To-Target, event-driven cardiovascular outcomes trial. The primary composite outcome in the time-To-event analysis was the first occurrence of an adjudicated major cardiovascular event (death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke) with a prespecified noninferiority margin of 1.3. Adjudicated severe hypoglycemia, as defined by the American Diabetes Association, was the prespecified, multiplicity-Adjusted secondary outcome. RESULTS Of the patients who underwent randomization, 6509 (85.2%) had established cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, or both. At baseline, the mean age was 65.0 years, the mean duration of diabetes was 16.4 years, and the mean (±SD) glycated hemoglobin level was 8.4±1.7%; 83.9% of the patients were receiving insulin. The primary outcome occurred in 325 patients (8.5%) in the degludec group and in 356 (9.3%) in the glargine group (hazard ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.78 to 1.06; P

Additional file 1. Supplementary information.

Although the population of the Netherlands is increasing, the population growth rate, even if fluctuating considerably, has been declining since the 1960s. The age structure of the Netherlands since the 1960s has also experienced change, declining youth (under 20 years old), growth and then decline in the 20–40 year-old age cohort, a significant increase in the 40–65 age cohort, and gradual increases in the 65–80+ cohort. As a result of the changing demography, the workforce will be older and this will impact upon the labour market, increasing the number of older workers and reducing the number of new entrants. The case study of the Netherlands revealed the different responses to demographic challenges occurring within the selected regions; with each region (Groningen/Drenthe, Limburg and Zeeland) experiencing different issues associated with its socio-economic situation, localised population shrinkage, population ageing, migration, labour shortages and skill gaps.

PURPOSE: To evaluate visual outcomes, spectacle independence, and quality of life among nonastigmatic and astigmatic patients who received AcrySof IQ ReSTOR toric or nontoric multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) (Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, TX) compared with those who received commercially available nontoric monofocal IOLs after bilateral cataract removal. METHODS: This randomized, patient- and observer-technician-masked study was conducted at 20 sites in Europe. Patients were randomized to receive monofocal (nontoric only) or multifocal (nontoric or toric, as needed) IOLs. Primary efficacy endpoints included percentage of patients achieving binocular uncorrected distance and near acuity of 0.1 logMAR or better (20/25 Snellen), spectacle independence, and scores on the National Eye Institute Refractive Error and Quality of Life questionnaire domains. Safety endpoints included adverse events and refractive error within 0.5 and 1.0 diopters. RESULTS: In the multifocal group (n = 108) versus the monofocal group (n = 100), significantly more patients achieved uncorrected distance and near acuity of 0.1 logMAR or better (45.7% vs 2.1%; P < .0001) and spectacle independence (73.3% vs 25.3%; P < .0001) at 6 months. The percentage of patients who achieved uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/40 or better at 6 months was 92% in the multifocal group and 97% in the monofocal group. National Eye Institute Refractive Error and Quality of Life scores were significantly better for dependence on correction in the multifocal group (P < .0001) and for glare in the monofocal group (P = .0157); other domain scores were similar between groups. No significant trends in study device-related adverse events were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Monofocal and multifocal IOLs provided good clinical outcomes. More patients receiving multifocal IOLs attained better uncorrected visual acuity at a range of distances and spectacle independence compared with patients who received monofocal IOLs. Monofocal IOLs were associated with better patient-reported scores for glare compared with multifocal IOLs; however, scores for patient satisfaction were significantly better in the multifocal group.

El cultivo en Argentina se ubica entre los 40º y los 22º de Latitud Sur, comprendiendo la región pampeana (provincias de Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Santa Fe y La Pampa), el nordeste (NEA, que abarca las provincias de Chaco, Formosa, Entre Ríos, Corrientes y Misiones), el noroeste (NOA, que incluye las provincias de Salta, Tucumán, Catamarca, Jujuy y Santiago del Estero), y e Cuyo se localiza únicamente en San Luis (Ploper, 2011). En la campaña 2013/2014 en el NOA se sembraron 1.130.000 ha, un 17% menos que en el ciclo previo, mientras que en Tucumán se sembraron 173.070 ha de soja, una cifra muy parecida a las 172.630 ha del ciclo anterior (Ploper, 2014). En Argentina se comenzó a cultivar soja a gran escala a partir de 1970. Al inicio, los cultivos se caracterizaban por una excelente sanida, siendo escasas las patologías observadas. No obstante, con el correr de los años empezaron a aparecer diversas enfermedades infecciosas, algunas de las cuales llegaron a convertirse en limitantes de la producción (Ploper, 2011). Fil: de Lisi, Vicente. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina Fil: Reznikov, Sebastian. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino; Argentina; Argentina Fil: Aguaysol, Natalia C.. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina Fil: Martinez, Cristina V.. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina Fil: Claps, María Paula. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino; Argentina; Argentina Fil: Bernal, María de Lourdes. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino; Argentina; Argentina Fil: Gomez Ponce, Eduardo N.. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina Fil: Martínez Monteros, Maria J.. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina Fil: Villafañe, Pedro. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina Fil: Escobar, Marcela. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino; Argentina; Argentina Fil: Gonzalez, Victoria. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina Fil: Ploper, Leonardo Daniel. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino; Argentina; Argentina

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de la prospección de enfermedades de soja, llevada a cabo por la sección de fitopatología de la EEAOC durante la campaña 2014/15, especialmente con referencia a las incluidas en la ¨Red de Evaluación de Cultivares de Soja en macroparcelas para el Noroeste Argentino¨, que coordina la EEAOC. Fil: de Lisi, Vicente. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina Fil: Reznikov, Sebastian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino. Provincia de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial ; Argentina Fil: Aguaysol, Natalia Catalina. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina Fil: Martinez, Cristina Valeria. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina Fil: Claps, María Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino. Provincia de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial ; Argentina Fil: Bernal, María de Lourdes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino. Provincia de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial ; Argentina Fil: Gómez Ponce, Eduardo N.. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina Fil: Martínez Monteros, María José. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina Fil: Villafañe, Pedro. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina Fil: Escobar, Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino. Provincia de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial ; Argentina Fil: Gonzalez, Victoria. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina Fil: Ploper, Leonardo Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino. Provincia de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial ; Argentina

Descripción retrospectiva de la patología del TEP que ha sido atendida en el Hospital Clínico Universitario de Zaragoza entre los años 2010-2014, analizando la participación del servicio de RI y su correlación con la mortalidad en estos pacientes.

Amnestus rugosus Mayorga and Cervantes Amnestus rugosus Mayorga and Cervantes, 2005, 169��� 170 D iagnosis. Tylus and juga transversely rugose, anterior margin without punctures. Lateral margin of pronotum toothed, with a wide marginal uniformly punctuate carina, prosternal carina high with ventral margin straight. Body length 2.3 to 2.45 mm. Description. Head. With dense punctures, apical margin of tylus, marginal carina and juga smooth, prosternal carina slightly passing rostral segment II. Pronotum wide, anterior margin concave, dorsally elevated with dense punctures, anterolateral margins toothed and carinate. Propleural carina with ventral margin straight. Mesopleura with evaporatorium expanded towards anterolateral and posterior margins of pleura. Metapleura flat, posterior margin toothed and with a series of setigerous punctures, posterior margin of evaporatorium reaching base of pleura, with well-defined wrinkles mesially. Scutellum. With dense setigerous punctures. Hemelytra. Corium with uniformly distributed punctures, clavus with three longitudinal rows of punctures, hemelytral membrane hyaline and passing apex of abdomen. Legs. Fore tibiae with five spines on dorsal margin, hind femora thin, with a bifid spine on anterior half on ventral surface, dorsal margin of hind femora smooth and ventral margin serrate, with three longitudinal rows of punctures. Abdomen. Ventrally convex with a few sparse setae. Old records. Chiapas, Tenejapa (Mayorga & Cervantes, 2005) New records. Mexico, Chiapas, 5 km NNW Coapilla, 1915 m, 17 �� 10 ' 57 " N, 93 �� 09' 06" W, 25 -V- 2008, EORD, YMRA, DJC, MDEM, 1 &male;, 3 &female;; 5 km NE Coapilla, 1990 m, 25 -V-2008, 17�� 10 ' 32 " N, 93 �� 07' 55 " W, LLAMA Wa-A-04- 1 -all, BB, DB, IDMB, 1 &male;, 1 &female;; 15 km E San Cristobal, 2500 m, 29 -V-2008, 16�� 44 ' 48 " N, 92 �� 29 ' 23 " W, LLAMA Wm-A- 05- 1 -01, BD, IDMB, BB, 3 &male;, 5 &female;; 15 km E San Cristobal, 16 �� 44 ' 48 " N, 92 �� 29 ' 24 " W, 2500 m, 29 -V- 2008, LLAMA Wa-A-05- 1 all, DB, IDMB, BB, 3 &male;, 1 &female;. 2 km SE Custepec 1520 m, 17 -V-2008, 15�� 43 ' 14 " N, 92 �� 57 ' 02" W, LLAMA Wa-A-02- 1 all mesophil forest ex sifted leaf litter, col. JLC, EORD, JM, 1 &female;. (CNIN, ECOSUR, IEXA). Tenejapa, Cerro Tzontehuitz, 2677 m, 16 �� 48 ��� 47 ��� N, 92 �� 34 ��� 24 ��� W, 29 -VII- 2005, R. Anderson, Mixed oak forest litter, 1 &male;, 1 &female;. Tenejapa Cerro Tzontehuitz, 16 �� 48 ��� 47 ��� N, 92 �� 34 ��� 24 W, 2677 m, 29 -VII- 2005, R. Anderson, Mixed cloud forest Litter 2005 -015, 9 &male;, 6 &female;. Tenejapa Cerro Tzontehuitz, 16 �� 48 ��� 40 ��� N, 92 �� 35 ���02 W, 2864 m, 29 -VII- 2005, R. Anderson, Mixed cloud forest Litter 2005 -014, 1 &female;. Tapalapa, 4.5 km NW Jct. Rds. Tapalapa/ Ocotepec, 2180 m, 27 -V- 2008, R. Anderson, 17 �� 10 ' 57 " N, 93 �� 07' 05" W, Cloud forest litter 2008 -036, 3 &male;, 6 &female;. Tapalapa, Cerro de Tapalapa Microwave towers, 2260 m, 28 -V- 2008, R. Anderson, 17 �� 11 ' 16 " N, 93 �� 07' 23 " W, Cloud forest litter, 2008 -040, 20 &male;, 26 &female;. Tapalapa, Cerro de Tapalapa Microwave towers, 2260m, 27 -V- 2008, R. Anderson, 17 �� 11 ' 16 " N, 93 �� 07' 23 " W, Cloud fores litter, 2008 -034, 11 &male;, 4 &female;. Coapilla, 2.5 km NW Jct. Rds. Tapalapa/ Ocotepec, 1960 m, 26 -V- 2008, R. Anderson, 17 �� 10 ' 57 " N, 93 �� 07' 05" W, Dry oak forest litter 2008 -032, 1 &male;, 1 &female;. Coapilla, 2.5 km NW Jct. Rds. Tapalapa/ Ocotepec, 1960 m, 26 -V- 2008, R. Anderson, 17 �� 10 ' 57 " N, 93 �� 07' 05" W, Dry oak forest litter 2008 -031, 1 &male;. Hidalgo Hwy 105 2.4 mi. N Tlanchinol, 5000 ��� 16 -VI- 1983; G.B. Marshall C.W. & L. O. Brien, Berlese cloud forest litter, 3 &male;. Chiapas, Angel Albino Corzo Reserva El Triunfo, Campamento 16-20 -XI-2001, 15�� 39 ��� 42 ������ N, 92 �� 48 ��� 67 ������W, 2020 m, R.W. Jones, Ex. Yellow pan barrier pitfall, 2 &male; (NMNH, FSCA, CNIN). Distribution. Mexico: Chiapas (Mayorga & Cervantes, 2005)., Published as part of Martinez, Cristina Mayorga & Peredo, Luis Cervantes, 2014, The genus Amnestus Dallas (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cydnidae: Amnestinae) in Mexico, with the description of eleven new species from Chiapas, pp. 401-432 in Zootaxa 3779 (4) on page 425, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3779.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/225144, {"references":["Mayorga, C. & Cervantes, L. (2005) Description of six new species of Amnestus Dallas (Hemiptera-Heteroptera: Cydnidae) from Mexico. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 113 (3 - 4), 159 - 173. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1664 / 0028 - 7199 (2005) 113 [0159: dosnso] 2.0. co; 2"]}

Amnestus chiapensis Mayorga and Cervantes n. sp. (Figs. 1 c, 4 c, 5 c, 6 c, 7 c, 8 c) Diagnosis. Anterior half of pronotum elevated, with a longitudinal series of punctures near frontal margin; prosternal carina elevated mesially (Fig. 4 c); evaporatorium not reaching anterior margin of mesopleura (Fig. 5 c). Description. Head, antennal segments III���V, pronotum, prosternal carina, scutellum, hemelytra, peritreme, abdominal venter, femora of all legs and fore tibiae dark brown. Antennal segments I���II, rostrum, middle and hind tibiae pale brown. Head. Anterior half with rugae; juga with five pegs; rostrum reaching base of metasternum. Thorax. Pronotum with transverse impression strongly marked by a series of deep punctures, anterior margin concave, anterolateral margins carinate from middle to anterior end (Fig. 1 c), posterior margin rounded. Propleura shiny, prosternal carina elevated mesially. Mesopleura with evaporatorium flat and reaching lateral margin of pleura. Metapleura with evaporatorium extended to posterior margin of pleura and almost reaching lateral margin. Peritreme elongate, slightly curved, posterior margin with faint rugae (Fig. 5 c). Legs. Fore tibiae with six robust spines on dorsal margin. Fore femora with a mesial, bifid spine on ventral margin (Fig. 6 c). Hind femora with a simple spine near apex on ventral margin, and a small spine on apex of dorsal margin. Hind tibiae with basal half flat, with a small spine near base on ventral margin (Fig. 7 c). Scutellum. Triangular with a row of punctures on lateral margins and uniformly distributed punctures on disc. Hemelytra. Clavus and corium with punctures longitudinally distributed; membrane hyaline, surpassing apex of abdomen. Abdomen shiny and covered with fine hairs. Male genitalia. Paramere long, short apically, ventrally and mesially lobulate, with three setigerous punctures on dorsal margin and two on ventral margin (Fig. 8 c). Male measurements (n= 1). Body length 3.7; head length 0.5; width across eyes 0.7; interocular distance 0.4; interocellar distance 0.2; antennal segments: I 0.15, II 0.05, III 0.3, IV 0.25, V 0.35; rostral segments: I 0.25, II 0.3, III 0.35, IV 0.2; pronotum length 1.1; width across anterior margin 0.75; width across humeral angles 1.6; scutellum: length 0.8; width 0.9; length of fore femora 0.6; fore tibiae 0.9; fore tarsi: I 0.1, II 0.05, III 0.15; length of hind femora 0.85; hind tibiae 1.0; hind tarsi: I 0.1, II 0.05, III 0.15. Holotype Male. Mexico: Chiapas, Amatenango del Valle, 3 -V- 2006, D.N. Velasquez, trampa amarilla, parcela 2. Paratypes: Amatenango del Valle, 11 -VIII- 2006. I. A. Uribe, parcela 1, trampa amarilla 6, 1 &male;; Santiago El Pinar 22 -VI- 2006. I. A. Uribe, pit fall, parcela 7, trampa 14, 1 &male; (CNIN, ECOSUR). Distribution. Mexico: Chiapas. Etymology. Referring to the State of Chiapas, Published as part of Martinez, Cristina Mayorga & Peredo, Luis Cervantes, 2014, The genus Amnestus Dallas (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cydnidae: Amnestinae) in Mexico, with the description of eleven new species from Chiapas, pp. 401-432 in Zootaxa 3779 (4) on pages 407-408, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3779.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/225144

Amnestus santiagensis Mayorga and Cervantes n. sp. (Figs. 2 c, 4 k, 5 k, 6 k, 7 k, 8 k) Diagnosis. Juga with five robust pegs; posterior half of head with scattered punctures; pronotum with anterior margin concave with series of deep setigerous punctures; prosternal carina low (Fig. 4 k); hind tibiae with distal half flattened; posterior half of pronotum and scutellum dark brown. Description. Head, antennal segments I���V, anterior half of pronotum, prosternal carina, abdominal venter, clavus, and coria pale brown. Rostral segments and legs pale yellow. Head. Anterior half without punctures; tylus with four robust spines on apex and longer than juga; antennal segment II very short; rostrum reaching anterior half of metasternum. Thorax. Pronotum with anterior margin concave, anterior half convex with scattered small punctures; anterior half of anterolateral margins slightly carinate; posterior margin broad and convex; laterally straight; propleura shiny and smooth; prosternal carina low and sinuate (Fig. 4 k). Mesopleura flat, evaporatorium reaching anterior and lateral margins, with an elevated and dull area in the middle of posterior half. Metapleura flat, evaporatorium extending to posterior and lateral margins; peritreme shiny and elongated; posterior margin of evaporatorium slightly toothed (Fig. 5 k). Legs. Fore tibiae with five spines on dorsal margin, fore femora with a bifid middle spine on ventral margin; hind femora with a simple spine near apex on ventral margin (Fig. 6 k); hind tibiae with basal half flat with a spine on base of ventral margin (Fig. 7 k). Scutellum triangular with scattered punctures on disc. Hemelytra. Corium with uniformly distributed punctures; clavus with three rows of punctures; membrane hyaline strongly surpassing apex of abdomen. Abdomen shiny, ventrally convex, covered with fine hairs. Male genitalia. Parameres swollen, acute apically, with setigerous punctures on middle apical area of the ventral margin (Fig. 8 k). Male measurements (n= 7). Body length 3.2 �� 0.1; head length 0.46 �� 0.04; width across eyes 0.62 �� 0.03; interocular distance 0.36 �� 0.04; interocellar distance 0.21 �� 0.04; antennal segments: I 0.15, II 0.05, III 0.28 �� 0.03, IV 0.24 �� 0.01, V 0.32 �� 0.03; rostral segments: I 0.25, II 0.28 �� 0.03, III 0.34 �� 0.04, IV 0.24 �� 0.04; pronotum length 1.02 �� 0.08; width across anterior margin 0.69 �� 0.06; width across humeral angles 1.45 �� 0.1; scutellum: length 0.72 �� 0.06; width 0.76 �� 0.04; length of fore femora 0.48 �� 0.02; fore tibiae 0.59 �� 0.05; fore tarsi: I 0.1, II 0.05, III 0.15; length of hind femora 0.74 ��.04; hind tibiae 0.83 �� 0.03; hind tarsi: I 0.1, II 0.05, III 0.15. Female measurements (n= 1). Body length 3.3; head length 0.45; width across eyes 0.65; interocular distance 0.4; interocellar distance 0.2; antennal segments: I 0.15, II 0.05, III 0.3, IV 0.25, V 0.3; rostral segments: I 0.25, II 0.3, III 0.35, IV 0.25; pronotum length 1.0; width across anterior margin 0.7; width across humeral angles 1.5; scutellum: length 0.7; width 0.8; length of fore femora 0.5; fore tibiae 0.6; fore tarsi: I 0.1, II 0.05, III 0.15; length of hind femora 0.8; hind tibiae 0.9; hind tarsi: I 0.1, II 0.05, III 0.15. Holotype. Male. Mexico: Chiapas, Santiago El Pinar, 24 -VI- 2006: I. A.Uribe, Pit fall, Parcela 10, Trampa 17 (CNIN). Paratypes. Amatenango del Valle, 05-V- 2006; S. S. Sanchez, Pit fall, Parcela 3, 1 &male;; Santiago El Pinar, 20 -VI- 2006, Parcela 2, Trampa Amarilla 9, 1 &male;; Santiago El Pinar, 21 -VI- 2006, S. S. Sanchez, Pit fall, Parcela 2, Trampa 8, 1 &male;; Santiago El Pinar, 21 -VI- 2006, D. N. Velasquez, Parcela 5, Trampa Amarilla 6, 1 &male;; Santiago El Pinar, 21 -VI- 2006, S. S. S��nchez, Necrotrampa, Parcela 4, Trampa 1, 1 &male;; Santiago El Pinar, 22 -VI- 2006, M. B. Brice��o, Parcela 6, Trampa Amarilla 3, 1 &male;; Santiago El Pinar, 22 -VI- 2006, S. S. Sanchez, Parcela 6, Trampa Amarilla 10, 1 &female; (CNIN, ECOSUR, IEXA). Distribution. Mexico: Chiapas. Etymology. Amnestus santiagensis refers to the type locality, Santiago El Pinar., Published as part of Martinez, Cristina Mayorga & Peredo, Luis Cervantes, 2014, The genus Amnestus Dallas (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cydnidae: Amnestinae) in Mexico, with the description of eleven new species from Chiapas, pp. 401-432 in Zootaxa 3779 (4) on pages 425-426, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3779.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/225144

Amnestus cristobalensis Mayorga and Cervantes n. sp. (Figs. 1 d, 4 d, 5 d, 6 d, 7 d, 8 d) Diagnosis. Juga with five pegs; anterior half of head without punctures; ocelli small, near base of head; pronotum strongly convex with dense punctures on all surfaces, lateral margins explanate and denticulate (Fig. 1 d); prosternal carina low with ventral margin entire (Fig. 4 d). Description. Posterior part of head, antennal segment III, prosternal carina, pronotum, scutellum, and abdomen dark brown. Antennal segments I, II, IV, and V, rostral segments, and legs castaneous. Head. Anterior half with punctures along margins and on callus; posterior half with dense punctures; tylus with four pegs and just slightly longer than juga; juga with five marginal pegs; rostrum surpassing metasternum. Pronotum with anterior margin concave; anterior and posterior lobes with dense punctures; lateral margins carinate with dense punctures; posterior margin convex. Propleura shiny and smooth; prosternal carina low (Fig. 4 d). Mesopleura flat, evaporatorium reaching anterior and lateral margins of pleura. Metapleura with evaporatorium reaching posterior and lateral margins of pleura, peritreme shiny, elongated and curved apically (Fig. 5 d) Legs. Fore femora with a bifid, mesial spine and a small spine near apex on ventral margin; fore tibiae with seven spines on dorsal margin (Fig. 6 d); hind femora with a small spine near apex on dorsal margin, and a simple spine near apex on ventral margin (Fig. 7 d) Scutellum. Triangular with acute apex and deep punctures on disc. Hemelytra. Corium with uniformly distributed punctures; clavus with three rows of punctures; membrane hyaline and surpassing apex of abdomen. Abdomen shiny, ventrally convex with fine hairs on its entire surface. Male Genitalia. Parameres curved externally, and elongated apically with setigerous punctures near apex (Fig. 8 d). Male measurements (n= 3). Body length 4.7 �� 0.2; head length 0.57 �� 0.01; width across eyes 0.87 �� 0.02; interocular distance 0.50; interocellar distance 0.30; antennal segments I 0.25, II 0.05, III 0.32 �� 0.02, IV 0.42 �� 0.02, V 0.52 �� 0.02; rostral segments, I 0.35, II 0.45, III 0.55, IV 0.30; pronotum length 1.6 �� 0.02; width across anterior margin 1.0 �� 0.01; width across humeral angles 2.6 �� 0.2; scutellum: length 1.1 �� 0.05; width 1.4 �� 0.1; length of fore femora 0.80 �� 0.05; fore tibiae 0.87 �� 0.4; fore tarsi I 0.10, II 0.05, III 0.15; length of hind femora 1.25; hind tibiae 1.4 �� 0.1; hind tarsi I 0.05, II 0.100, III 0.15. Female measurements (n= 1). Body length 4.5; head length 0.55, width across eyes 0.9, interocular distance 0.60; interocellar distance 0.35; antennal segments I 0.3, II 0.05, III 0.4, IV 0.45, V 0.5; rostral segments: I 0.35, II 0.5, III 0.55, IV 0.3; pronotum length 1.5; width across anterior margin 1.0; width across humeral angles 2.5; scutellum: length 1.0, width 1.3; length of fore femora 0.9: fore tibiae 0.85; fore tarsi: I 0.1, II 0.05, III 0.15; length of hind femora 1.2; hind tibiae 1.3; hind tarsi: I 0.1, II 0.05, III 0.15. Holotype Male. Mexico Chiapas 15 km E San Cristobal 2500 m 29 -V-2008, 16�� 44 ' 48 " N, 92 �� 29 ' 23 " W, LLAMA Wm-A- 05- 1 -01 cloud forest ex sifted leaf litter, col. BD, IDMB, BB (CNIN). Paratypes. 15 km E San Cristobal, 2500m, 29 -V-2008, 16�� 44 ' 48 " N, 92 �� 29 ' 24 " W, LLAMA Wa-A-05- 1 all cloud forest ex sifted leaf litter, col. DB, IDMB, BB, 1 &male; (CNIN); 15 km E San Cristobal, 2500 m, 29 -V-2008, 16�� 44 ' 48 " N, 92 �� 29 ' 23 " W, LLAMA Wm-A- 05- 1 -01 cloud forest ex sifted leaf litter, col. BD, IDMB, BB, 1 &male; (ECOSUR). 15 km E San Cristobal 2500 m, 29 -V-2008, 16�� 44 ' 48 " N, 92 �� 29 ' 23 " W, LLAMA Wm-A 05- 1 -01 cloud forest ex sifted leaf litter, col. BD, IDMB, BB, 1 &female; (CNIN). Distribution. Mexico, Chiapas Etymology. Referring to the type locality, San Cristobal de las Casas., Published as part of Martinez, Cristina Mayorga & Peredo, Luis Cervantes, 2014, The genus Amnestus Dallas (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cydnidae: Amnestinae) in Mexico, with the description of eleven new species from Chiapas, pp. 401-432 in Zootaxa 3779 (4) on pages 408-409, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3779.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/225144

Key to the species of Amnestus from Mexico 1. Juga with four or five marginal pegs (Fig. 1 a ��� 3 c, 3 e)......................................................... 2 1 ��� Juga with seven marginal pegs (Fig. 3 d).............................................. A. septemclavatus sp. nov. 2. Juga with four marginal pegs Fig. 10 b)..................................................................... 3 2 ��� Juga with five marginal pegs (Fig. 1 a ��� 3 c, 3 e)............................................................... 6 3. Male fore tibia without spine or angulation on ventral margin....................................... A. pusio (St��l) 3 ��� Male fore tibia with spine and angulation on ventral margin.................................................... 4 4. Hind femora of males with a ventral subapical spine, slightly longer than one third of tibial length (Fig. 7 q). A. pusillus Uhler 4 ��� Hind femora of males with a ventral subapical spine, much shorter than one third of tibial length (Fig. 7 n, 7 o)............ 5 5. Male fore leg as in figure 7 n, femora with a median bifid spine and tibia with a small angulation................................................................................................ A. sinuosus Mayorga & Cervantes 5 ��� Male fore leg as in figure 7 o, femora with a median simple spine and tibia with a deep angulation. A.basidentatus Froeschner 6. Tylus longer than juga by a length equal to its width, without transverse rugae (Fig. 10 a)................ A. uhleri Distant 6 ��� Tylus just slightly longer than juga by a length shorter than its width, with or without transverse rugae.................. 7 7. Prosternal carina lower than rostral segment II.............................................................. 8 7 ��� Prosternal carina higher than rostral segment II............................................................. 16 8. Prosternal carina with ventral margin straight............................................................... 9 8 ��� Prosternal carina with ventral margin not straight........................................................... 13 9. Lateral margins of pronotum expanded (Fig. 1 d, 2 b, 3 e)...................................................... 10 9 ��� Lateral margins of pronotum not expanded................................................................ 12 10. Lateral margin of pronotum crenate (Fig. 1 d); paramere as in figure 6 d........................ A. cristobalensis sp. nov. 10 ��� Lateral margin of pronotum entire (Fig. 3 a, 3 e); paramere not as above.......................................... 11 11. Fore tibiae with five spines on dorsal margin (Fig. 6 i); paramere as in figure 6 f..................... A. marcelae sp. nov. 11 ��� Fore tibiae with six spines on dorsal margin (Fig. 6m); paramere as in figure 6m........................ A. stali Distant 12. Hind femora of males with a bifid spine near apex on ventral margin (Fig. 7 p).............. A. ficus Mayorga & Cervantes 12 ��� Hind femora of males with a thin and oblique subapical spine on ventral margin (Fig. 7 o)........... A. brunneus Signoret 13. Ventral margin of prosternal carina sinuate (Fig. 4 k); paramere as in figure 8 k.................... A. santiagensis sp.nov. 13 ��� Ventral margin of prosternal carina rounded (Fig. 4 i); paramere not as above...................................... 14 14. Posterior half of head without punctures; paramere as in figure 8 h................................. A. lorenae sp. nov. 14 ��� Posterior half of head with punctures; paramere not as above................................................. 15 15. Fore tibiae with seven spines on dorsal margin............................................... A. pallidus Zimmer 15 ��� Fore tibiae with five spines on dorsal margin.................................. A. brailovskyi Mayorga & Cervantes 16. Prosternal carina with ventral margin straight.............................................................. 17 16 ��� Prosternal carina with ventral margin not straight........................................................... 19 17. Anterior half of lateral margin of pronotum toothed; paramere apically elongated......... A. rugosus Mayorga & Cervantes 17 ��� Anterior half of lateral margin of pronotum not toothed; paramere apically short.................................. 18 18. Pronotal umbones and disc without distinct punctures; paramere as in figure 8 a..................... A. bergrothi Distant 18 ��� Pronotal umbones and disc with distinct punctures; paramere as in figure 8 n.......................... A. forreri Distant 19. Tylus with some rugae; paramere as in figure 8 c............................................ A. chiapensis sp.nov. 19 ��� Tylus without rugae; paramere not as above................................................................ 20 20. Basal margin of hemelytra denticulate (Fig. 1 b)............................................................. 21 20 ��� Basal margin of hemelytra entire (Fig. 2 a, 2 c).............................................................. 24 21. Fore femora with a bifid spine on middle area of ventral margin (Fig. 6 b)......................................... 22 21 ��� Fore femora without a bifid spine on middle area of ventral margin (Fig. 6 f).................... A. laevifemoralis sp.nov. 22. Fore tibiae with six spines on dorsal margin (Fig. 6g)........................................................ 23 22 ��� Fore tibiae with five spines on dorsal margin................................ A. calakmulensis Mayorga & Cervantes 23. Prosternal carina higher than rostral segment II with a series of fine setae basally................ A.carinopilosus sp.nov. 23 ��� Prosternal carina higher than rostral segment II with a small grove on ventral margin.... A. carinatus Mayorga & Cervantes 24. Anterior lobe of pronotum without punctures (Fig. 2 a)...................................................... 25 24 ��� Anterior lobe of pronotum with punctures (Fig. 2 c, 3 b)....................................................... 26 25. Fore tibiae with four robust spines on dorsal margin; corium pale yellow................ A. henryi Mayorga & Cervantes 25 ��� Fore tibiae with six spines on dorsal margin; corium pale brown (Fig. 6 e)...................... A. denticulatus sp. nov. 26. Anterior lobe of pronotum uniformly punctured around disc, callous without punctures............................. 27 26 ��� Anterior lobe of pronotum with scattered punctures on disc and lateral margins thickly and coarsely punctuated.................................................................................................. A. dallasi Distant 27. Fore tibiae with six spines on dorsal margin (Fig. 6g, j)....................................................... 28 27 ��� Fore tibiae with seven spines on dorsal margin................................... A. obscurus Mayorga & Cervantes 28. Prosternal carina higher than rostral segment II, with a small grove on ventral margin (Fig. 2 j); paramere as in figure 6 j.................................................................................... A. puncticarinatus sp. nov. 28 ��� Prosternal carina with anterior half higher than rostral segment II, and curved apically (Fig. 2 c); paramere as in figure 8g......................................................................................... A. longinoi sp. nov., Published as part of Martinez, Cristina Mayorga & Peredo, Luis Cervantes, 2014, The genus Amnestus Dallas (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cydnidae: Amnestinae) in Mexico, with the description of eleven new species from Chiapas, pp. 401-432 in Zootaxa 3779 (4) on pages 430-431, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3779.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/225144

Amnestus pallidus Zimmer Annectus [sic] pallidus Zimmer, 1910, p. 166 Diagnosis. The almost concolorous reddish brown head, pronotum, scutellum, and corium, plus the shorter rostrum which does not reach hind coxae, will separate this species from all with five marginal pegs on juga. Body length 2.08 to 3.26 mm. This species is often confused with A. spinifrons (Say), but the shorter rostrum, which here does not exceed the hind coxae, will separate the two; or in males, the absence of a midventral angulation on the fore tibiae will mark it from A. spinifrons. Description. Tylus as long as juga, latter with five subequal, marginal pegs; surface, except tylus and apex of juga, coarsely punctuate; rostrum attaining middle of metasternum. Pronotum. Anterior margin shallowly concave, almost straight across; lateral margin straight on basal half; transverse impression obsolete, marked by vague row of punctures; anterior lobe with three to four irregular rows of moderate to coarse punctures laterally, subapically and along median band, calli mostly polished, with few fine punctures discally; posterior lobe, except umbones, with widely scattered punctures. Hemelytra. Mesocorium with few scattered, obsolete punctures discally; exocorium abundantly punctuate across full width. Prosternal carina lower than rostral segment II, rounded. Legs. Fore femora ventrally with premedian spine strong, oblique, unevenly bifid, and with blackish, subapical tubercle on posteroventral margin; fore tibiae neither angled nor spined mid-ventrally; hind femora not angled dorsally near apex, ventrally with subapical spine short, less than half height of femur. Distribution. United States, Canada (Froeschner 1960). This species was cited erroneously from Mexico by Mayorga (2002)., Published as part of Martinez, Cristina Mayorga & Peredo, Luis Cervantes, 2014, The genus Amnestus Dallas (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cydnidae: Amnestinae) in Mexico, with the description of eleven new species from Chiapas, pp. 401-432 in Zootaxa 3779 (4) on pages 422-423, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3779.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/225144, {"references":["Froeschner, R. C. (1960) Cydnidae of the Western Hemisphere. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 111, 337 - 680. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.111 - 3430.337","Mayorga, C. (2002) Revision generica de la familia Cydnidae (Hemiptera-Heteroptera) en Mexico, con un listado de las especies conocidas. Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Serie Zoologia, 73 (2), 157 - 192."]}

Amnestus septemclavatus Mayorga and Cervantes n. sp. (Figs. 3 d, 4 l, 5 l, 6 l, 7 l, 8 l) Diagnosis. This species can be recognized from other species with four marginal pegs on tylus, by the presence of seven robust pegs on margin of juga, by the dense punctures on posterior half of the head and by the presence of deep punctures along the concave anterior margin of pronotum. Prosternal carina elevated medially (Fig. 4 l). Description. Head, pronotum, scutellum, clavus, corium and abdominal venter dark brown; antennal and rostral segments, margin of prosternal carina and legs pale brown. Head. Anterior half without punctures; tylus with four pegs, longer than juga; antennal segment II very short; rostrum reaching anterior margin of metasternum. Thorax. Pronotum with anterior margin concave, anterior half convex with punctures mesially and dense punctures on the posterior lobe; anterolateral margins carinate with deep punctures; posterior margin wide and convex, straight laterally. Propleura shiny and smooth; prosternal carina medially elevated (Fig. 4 l). Mesopleura flat, evaporatorium extending to the anterior and lateral margins of pleura. Metapleura flat, evaporatorium extended to the posterior and lateral margins of pleura, peritreme shiny and elongated with the posterior margin toothed and sparsely rugose (Fig. 5 l). Legs. Fore tibiae with five robust spines on dorsal margin; fore femora with a bifid, mesial spine on its venter; hind femora with a simple spine near apex on dorsal margin, and a small spine near apex on ventral margin (Fig. 6 l) Hind tibiae with basal half flattened and with a ventral spine near base (Fig. 7 l). Scutellum. Triangular, with deep punctures on disc. Hemelytra, with uniformly distributed punctures; clavus with three rows of punctures; hemelytral membrane hyaline and surpassing apex of abdomen. Abdomen shiny, ventrally convex, covered by fine hairs along lateral margins. Male Genitalia. Parameres, rounded and elongated apically; with setae on ventral margin (Fig. 8 l). Male Measurements (n= 3). Body length 4.7 �� 0.3; head length 0.61 �� 0.03; width across eyes 0.98 �� 0.02; interocular distance 0.63 �� 0.07; interocellar distance 0.3; antennal segments: I 0.25, II 0.1, III 0.5, IV 0.5, V 0.5; rostral segments: I 0.36 �� 0.04, II 0.5, III 0.55 �� 0.05, IV 0.53 �� 0.02; pronotum length 1.45 �� 0.05; width across anterior margin 0.98 �� 0.03; width across humeral angles 2.28 �� 0.02; scutellum: length 1.15 �� 0.1; width 1.18 �� 0.07; length of fore femora 0.88 �� 0.02; fore tibiae 1.0; fore tarsi: I 0.1, II 0.05, III 0.15; length of hind femora 1.2 �� 0.1; hind tibiae 1.3 �� 0.1; hind tarsi: I 0.1, II 0.05, III 0.15. Female Measurements (n= 5). Body length 4.3 �� 0.1; head length 0.60 �� 0.05; width across eyes 0.92 �� 0.03; interocular distance 0.6; interocellar distance 0.3; antennal segments: I 0.25 �� 0, II 0.1, III 0.5, IV 0.46 �� 0.04, V 0.5; rostral segments: I 0.35 �� 0.05, II 0.5, III 0.56 �� 0.04, IV 0.50 �� 0.05; pronotum length 1.28 �� 0.07; width across anterior margin 1.0 �� 0.05; width across humeral angles 2.18 �� 0.07; scutellum: length 1.0; width 1.24 �� 0.03; length of fore femora 0.81 �� 0.06; tibiae anterior 0.96 �� 0.1; fore tarsi: I 0.1, II 0.05, III 0.15; length of hind femora 1.1 �� 0.09; length hind tibiae 1.33 �� 0.08; hind tarsi: I 0.1, II 0.05, III 0.15. Holotype. Male. Mexico, Chiapas: Municipio Tapalapa, 12 km Al N de Coapilla, 13 -III- 1994, R.W. Jones (CNIN). Paratypes. Municipio Tapalapa, 12 km Al N de Coapilla, 13 -III- 1994, R.W. Jones. 2 &male;, 5 &female; (CNIN, ECOSUR). Distribution. Mexico, Chiapas. Etymology. From the Latin septem = seven, and clavus = peg referring to the seven marginal pegs on juga., Published as part of Martinez, Cristina Mayorga & Peredo, Luis Cervantes, 2014, The genus Amnestus Dallas (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cydnidae: Amnestinae) in Mexico, with the description of eleven new species from Chiapas, pp. 401-432 in Zootaxa 3779 (4) on pages 426-427, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3779.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/225144