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We searched late Miocene sedimentary rocks in an attempt to recover fossil micrometeorites derived from the Veritas asteroid family. This study was motivated by the previous identification of a pronounced 3He peak (4-5x above background) within marine sediments with ages between ∼8.5–6.9 Ma ago (Montanari et al., 2017. GSA Bulletin, 129:1357–1376). We processed 118.9 kg of sediment from the Monte dei Corvi beach section (Italy), the global type-section for the Tortonian epoch (11.6–7.2 Ma). Samples were collected both before and within the 3He peak. Although a small number of iron-rich (I-type) fossil micrometeorites were recovered from each horizon studied (Ntotal = 20), there is no clear difference between the pre- and intra- 3He peak samples. All micrometeorites are compositionally similar, and three out of five horizons yielded similar abundances and particle sizes. Micrometeorites extracted from sediments at the base of the 3He peak were exclusively small (ø, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 355, ISSN:0016-7037, ISSN:1872-9533

Two hallmarks of non-equilibrium systems, from active colloids to animal herds, are agents motility and nonreciprocal interactions. Their interplay creates feedback loops that lead to complex spatiotemporal dynamics crucial to understand and control the non-linear response of active systems. Here, we introduce a minimal model that captures these two features at the microscopic scale, while admitting an exact hydrodynamic theory valid also in the fully-nonlinear regime. We applied statistical mechanics techniques to exactly coarse-grain the microscopic model and used dynamical systems insights to analyze the resulting equations. In the absence of motility, we find two transitions to oscillatory phases occurring via distinct mechanisms: a Hopf bifurcation and a Saddle-Node on Invariant Circle (SNIC) bifurcation. In the presence of motility, this rigorous approach, complemented by numerical simulations, allows us to quantitatively assess the hitherto neglected impact of inter-species nonreciprocity on a paradigmatic transition in active matter: the emergence of collective motion. When nonreciprocity is weak, we show that flocking is accelerated and bands tend to synchronize with a spatial overlap controlled by nonlinearities. When nonreciprocity is strong, flocking is superseded by a Chase & Rest dynamical phase where each species alternates between a chasing state, when they propagate, and a resting state, when they stand still. Phenomenological models with linear non-reciprocal couplings fail to predict this Chase & Rest phase which illustrates the usefulness of our exact coarse-graining procedure.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms are a rare and complex group of neoplastic lesions developing from the pancreatic islet cells. Their incidence has dramatically increased during the last two decades. Due to its complex nature and pathophysiological behaviour, the surgical management continues to evolve. Surgery remains the cornerstone of treatment of most non-functional and functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, while lymphadenectomy remains controversial subject. Different techniques, such as pancreas-preserving and minimally invasive approaches, continue to evolve and offer the same overall outcomes as open surgery. This comprehensive review describes in detail the current and most up-to-date classification and staging of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, explore the rationale for non-surgical and surgical management, and focuses on surgical treatment and more specifically, on minimally invasive approaches.

This paper reports results from a geosemantic comparison of landforms classified in the Summit and Ridge feature classes in the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS). The comparison is based on a 2D shape analysis of manually delineated polygons produced by USGS staff to correspond to 33,304 Summit and 8,006 Ridge features. Five shape measures were chosen for this specific geomorphometry-based analysis. Univariate and bivariate statistics are first calculated to compare the two feature classes. This is followed by unsupervised learning with k-means cluster analysis to identify two major geomorphometric clusters corresponding to Summit and Ridge features. Although this supports sufficient internal homogeneity to have stable Summit and Ridge feature classes, more than 7,500 (18%) special features were also identified, which were assigned by k-means to the cluster not corresponding to their given GNIS class. These features remain to be analyzed further to decide if GNIS features should be reclassified based on geomorphometric analysis of available polygonal representations.

BackgroundShort children born small for gestational age (SGA) often have low muscle mass. Studies on maximal isometric grip-force (MIGF) observed lower muscle strength in these children. In contrast to MIGF, jumping is an everyday muscle activity for children. Our hypothesis was that GH treatment would cause an increase in jumping strength. So, we aimed to study jumping by mechanography in short SGA children before and during GH treatment.MethodsMonocentric prospective longitudinal study in a tertiary pediatric endocrinology center. We studied 50 prepubertal short children (23 females) born SGA (mean age 7.2 y, height -3.24 SDS) during GH treatment (mean dose 45 µg/kg/d). Main outcome measures were Peak jump force (PJF) and peak jump power (PJP) measured by Leonardo® ground reaction force plate at baseline and after 12 months of GH treatment. Mechanography data were compared to sex, age and height related references (SD-Score). Fitness was estimated as PJP/kg body weight by use of the Esslinger-Fitness-Index (EFI).ResultsAt start of GH treatment PJP/body weight was low at -1.52 SDS and increased significantly to -0.95 SDS during 12 months of treatment (pHT.ConclusionsJumping performance (EFI) measured by mechanography increased during one year of GH treatment in short children born SGA.

Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) tools are essentially methods to enable a decision maker to achieve a more objective approach to a given decision scenario using quantitative methods. One such complex decision scenario is the underutilization of side-streams in the seafood industry, which is brought about by a combination of complex decision challenges related to processing methods, storage methods, logistics, technical viability, status quo mindset, and the attitude of the decision maker. However, the influence and identification of cognitive biases (e.g., loss aversion bias) in MCDM tools are rarely accounted for and may result in a less objective decision process due to subjective influences, which can influence the valorization and utilization of seafood side-streams in a company. To enable a more objective approach where the influence of these cognitive biases is corrected, in this paper, we propose a debiasing method based on the UN’s 14 SDGs, cognitive mapping (CM), and attribute substitution (AS) as an extension of MCDM tools and the modeling of seafood processing. The results of the case-specific implementation show that the proposed method can identify cognitive biases and correct these by enabling the implementation of relevant debiasing techniques that can aid a decision marker in choosing the best alternative when it comes to decisions on reducing wasted side-streams and increasing the sustainability of their food processing. It was found that the debiasing application provided a correction of the user ranking for the best-evaluated alternative within a side-stream scenario to be in line with the experts’ ranking for the same scenario in terms of environmentally and economically efficient production. This is a novel approach combining existing theories and methods into a single bias identification and debiasing method, which is designed to be generic and can be implemented in other sectors and industries using MCDM tools in their decision process. The approach provides industry and science with a verified and structured method to achieve objectivity through the identification and correction of decision-making biases that also supports a balance between a company’s economic and environmental goals.

Eclipsing binaries are important benchmark objects to test and calibrate stellar structure and evolution models. This is especially true for binaries with a fully convective M-dwarf component for which direct measurements of these stars’ masses and radii are difficult using other techniques. Within the potential of M-dwarfs to be exoplanet host stars, the accuracy of theoretical predictions of their radius and effective temperature as a function of their mass is an active topic of discussion. Not only the parameters of transiting exoplanets but also the success of future atmospheric characterization relies on accurate theoretical predictions. We present the analysis of five eclipsing binaries with low-mass stellar companions out of a subsample of 23, for which we obtained ultra-high-precision light curves using the CHEOPS satellite. The observation of their primary and secondary eclipses are combined with spectroscopic measurements to precisely model the primary parameters and derive the M-dwarfs mass, radius, surface gravity, and effective temperature estimates using the PYCHEOPS data analysis software. Combining these results to the same set of parameters derived from TESS light curves, we find very good agreement (better than 1 per cent for radius and better than 0.2 per cent for surface gravity). We also analyse the importance of precise orbits from radial velocity measurements and find them to be crucial to derive M-dwarf radii in a regime below 5 per cent accuracy. These results add five valuable data points to the mass–radius diagram of fully convective M-dwarfs., Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 519 (3), ISSN:0035-8711, ISSN:1365-2966

Background: Digitally accessible prescription claims have potential utility in timely identification and active follow up interventions for unsupervised medication discontinuation in consumers with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, that may prevent relapse and other adverse outcomes. We conducted a systematic review in order to identify and understand definitions of non-adherence from prescription claims records to serve as decision points for interventions. Methods: Electronic searches were conducted using Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and PsycINFO on 12 January 2020 to identify studies published in English. Data extraction was done by two reviewers independently. A narrative synthesis and tabulation of outcomes was performed. PROSPERO (CRD42020201708). Results: Thirty-one studies were eligible for analysis. Three common computing parameters were used to calculate non-adherence over 12 months, the Medication Possession Ratio (MPR) was used most frequently (21 studies - 68%) with a non-adherence threshold Discussion: Computing non-adherence from prescription claim records is a potential decision point for interventions. Better utilisation of this widely available data should be used to improve clinical practice and ensure targeted access to services. Conclusion: While there was variation in methods used to compute non-adherence parameters from prescription claims records, all approaches demonstrated that non-adherence was associated with adverse outcomes, the foremost of which was rehospitalisation and increased costs of care. Prospero Registration: PROSPERO CRD42020201708

Migrant self-selection is important to labor markets and public finances in both origin and desti-nation countries. Previous work has suggested that family ties weaken self-selection of emi-grants. We develop a theoretical model that rationalizes stronger self-selection for primary earners in couples than for single migrants. We test predictions from this model using popula-tion-wide administrative data from Denmark. We find that primary earners in couples are more strongly self-selected with respect to income than singles. This novel result counters the intui-tion that family ties weaken self-selection.

We report the detection of a gas-giant planet in orbit around both stars of an eclipsing binary star system that also contains the smaller, inner transiting planet TOI-1338b. The new planet, called TOI-1338/BEBOP-1c, was discovered using radial-velocity data collected with the HARPS and ESPRESSO spectrographs. Our analysis reveals it is a $65.2~\rm{M_{\oplus}}$ circumbinary planet with a period of $215.5~$days. This is the first detection of a circumbinary planet using radial-velocity observations alone, and makes TOI-1338/BEBOP-1 only the second confirmed multiplanet circumbinary system to date. We do not detect the smaller inner transiting planet with radial-velocity data, and can place an upper limit on the inner planet's mass at $21.8~\mathrm{M}_\oplus$ with $99\%$ confidence. The inner planet is the first circumbinary planet amenable for atmospheric characterisation, using the James Webb Space Telescope., The Version of Record of this article is published in Nature Astronomy, and is available online at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-023-01948-4 Main: 14-pages, 4-Figures, 1-table. Supporting material: 48-pages, 12-figures, 4-tables

A gold standard for the study of M dwarfs is the eclipsing binary CM Draconis. It is rare because it is bright (Jmag = 8.5) and contains twin fully convective stars on an almost perfectly edge-on orbit. Both masses and radii were previously measured to better than 1% precision, amongst the best known. We use 12 sectors of TESS data to show that CM Draconis is the gift that keeps on giving. Our paper has three main components. First, we present updated parameters, with radii and masses constrained to previously unheard of precisions of 0.06% and 0.12%, respectively. Second, we discover strong and variable spot modulation, suggestive of spot clustering and an activity cycle on the order of years. Third, we discover 125 flares. The flare rate is surprisingly not reduced during eclipse, but one flare may show evidence of being occulted. We suggest the flares may be preferentially polar, which has positive implications for the habitability of planets orbiting M dwarfs., 13 pages. Submitted to MNRAS. Comments welcome. Compliments particularly welcome

HighlightsPost‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common in and often pre‐dates onset of psychosis.Most patients believe their symptoms and traumas are related and would be interested in trauma‐focused therapy if available.Studies evaluating the effectiveness of trauma‐focused therapies for those with or at high‐risk of psychosis are required.AbstractObjectiveTraumatic experiences and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are common in schizophrenia. However, few studies screening for PTSD have established the temporality of PTSD‐related traumatic events to psychosis onset. Furthermore, it is unclear how many patients attribute a trauma‐based contribution to their psychosis or would find trauma‐focused therapy acceptable. We examine the prevalence and timing of trauma in psychosis, as well as patient views on the relationship between their trauma experiences and mental health difficulties, and on receiving trauma‐focused therapy.MethodsSixty‐eight patients with an at‐risk mental state (ARMS) or psychotic disorder in a UK secondary‐care setting completed self‐report measures of trauma and PTSD, and undertook research interviews. Proportions and odds ratios were derived with 95% confidence intervals.ResultsWe recruited 68 participants (estimated response rate 62%; psychotic disorder n = 61, ARMS n = 7). Sixty three (95%) reported traumatic events and 32 (47%) reported childhood abuse. Twenty‐six individuals (38%) met criteria for PTSD, though for >95% this was not recorded in their notes, and 25 (37%) had sub‐threshold PTSD. For 69% of participants, their worst trauma occurred before the onset of their psychosis symptoms. Most (65%) believed their psychosis symptoms were related to past traumas and 82% of these were interested in receiving trauma‐focused therapy.ConclusionsPTSD is common in and often pre‐dates onset of psychosis. Most patients believe their symptoms and traumas are related and would be interested in trauma‐focused therapy if available. Studies evaluating the effectiveness of trauma‐focused therapies for those with or at high‐risk of psychosis are required.

The co-circulation of two respiratory infections with similar symptoms in a population can significantly overburden a healthcare system by slowing the testing and treatment. The persistent emergence of contagious variants of SARS-CoV-2, along with imperfect vaccines and their waning protections, have increased the likelihood of new COVID-19 outbreaks taking place during a typical flu season. Here, we developed a mathematical model for the co-circulation dynamics of COVID-19 and influenza, under different scenarios of influenza vaccine coverage, COVID-19 vaccine booster coverage and efficacy, and testing capacity. We investigated the required minimal and optimal coverage of COVID-19 booster (third) and fourth doses, in conjunction with the influenza vaccine, to avoid the coincidence of infection peaks for both diseases in a single season. We show that the testing delay brought on by the high number of influenza cases impacts the dynamics of influenza and COVID-19 transmission. The earlier the peak of the flu season and the greater the number of infections with flu-like symptoms, the greater the risk of flu transmission, which slows down COVID-19 testing, resulting in the delay of complete isolation of patients with COVID-19 who have not been isolated before the clinical presentation of symptoms and have been continuing their normal daily activities. Furthermore, our simulations stress the importance of vaccine uptake for preventing infection, severe illness, and hospitalization at the individual level and for disease outbreak control at the population level to avoid putting strain on already weak and overwhelmed healthcare systems. As such, ensuring optimal vaccine coverage for COVID-19 and influenza to reduce the burden of these infections is paramount. We showed that by keeping the influenza vaccine coverage about 35% and increasing the coverage of booster or fourth dose of COVID-19 not only reduces the infections with COVID-19 but also can delay its peak time. If the influenza vaccine coverage is increased to 55%, unexpectedly, it increases the peak size of influenza infections slightly, while it reduces the peak size of COVID-19 as well as significantly delays the peaks of both of these diseases. Mask-wearing coupled with a moderate increase in the vaccine uptake may mitigate COVID-19 and prevent an influenza outbreak.

Background/purpose Impaired healing is a feared complication with devastating outcomes for each patient. Most studies focus on geriatric fracture fixation and assess well known risk factors such as infections. However, risk factors, others than infections, and impaired healing of proximal femur fractures in non-geriatric adults are marginally assessed. Therefore, this study aimed to identify non-infection related risk factors for impaired fracture healing of proximal femur fractures in non-geriatric trauma patients. Methods This study included non-geriatric patients (aged 69 years and younger) who were treated between 2013 and 2020 at one academic Level 1 trauma center due to a proximal femur fracture (PFF). Patients were stratified according to AO/OTA classification. Delayed union was defined as failed callus formation on 3 out of 4 cortices after 3 to 6 months. Nonunion was defined as lack of callus-formation after 6 months, material breakage, or requirement of revision surgery. Patient follow up was 12 months. Results This study included 150 patients. Delayed union was observed in 32 (21.3%) patients and nonunion with subsequent revision surgery occurred in 14 (9.3%). With an increasing fracture classification (31 A1 up to 31 A3 type fractures), there was a significantly higher rate of delayed union. Additionally, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) (OR 6.17, (95% CI 1.54 to 24.70, p ≤ 0.01)) and diabetes mellitus type II (DM) (OR 5.74, (95% CI 1.39 to 23.72, p = 0.016)), were independent risk factors for delayed union. The rate of nonunion was independent of fracture morphology, patient’s characteristics or comorbidities. Conclusion Increasing fracture complexity, ORIF and diabetes were found to be associated with delayed union of intertrochanteric femur fractures in non-geriatric patients. However, these factors were not associated with the development of nonunion.

A mixed-methods online survey-based study, exploring the association between psychological flexiblity, coping and suicidal thoughts and behaviours. Data is for those participants that consented for their data to potentially be used in secondary analysis.

This work demonstrates high-speed 2D wall temperature measurements occurring during flame-wall interaction (FWI) within a narrow channel. Such measurements are essential to understand transient wall heat transfer and flame behavior occurring within micro-combustors and designated engine crevices. Wall temperature is measured using the phosphor Bismuth-doped Scandium vanadate (ScVO4:Bi3+). ScVO4:Bi3+ exhibits a short phosphorescence lifetime (2 microseconds at room temperature), enabling kHz measurement rates. ScVO4:Bi3+ also exhibits a high temperature sensitivity, which yields single-shot precision less than 0.5 K within the temperature range of 295 - 335 K. A frequency-doubled Ti:Sapphire laser emitting light at 400 nm is used to excite ScVO4:Bi3+, and wall temperature is measured within a 22 x 22 mm2 region with 380 micrometer spatial resolution. Phosphor thermometry and CH* imaging are combined at 1 kHz to measure the spatiotemporal dynamics of the flame and wall temperature (Twall) within a 2 mm crevice passage in a fixed volume chamber designed for heat transfer studies. Measurements describe Twall signatures associated with transient FWI events, including unique Twall features associated with wrinkled flame fronts. For our operating conditions, Twall associated with flame cusps consistently exhibit temperatures 5 - 20 K lower than flame crest regions. The most extreme difference is seen for large cusp formation, where local wall cooling is noticeable at the trough of the flame cusp. This cooling feature may be caused by intrinsic flame-flow instabilities, which locally and temporally cool the wall.

Hi everyone, I've been working in franchise digital marketing for a few years now, and one of the best practices that I always follow is consistency. It's crucial to have a consistent brand voice and messaging across all online platforms, including social media, email marketing, and website content. This helps to build brand recognition and trust with your target audience.

Increasing emphasis on the use of real-world evidence (RWE) to support clinical policy and regulatory decision-making has led to a proliferation of guidance, advice, and frameworks from regulatory agencies, academia, professional societies, and industry. A broad spectrum of studies use real-world data (RWD) to produce RWE, ranging from randomized controlled trials with outcomes assessed using RWD to fully observational studies. Yet many RWE study proposals lack sufficient detail to evaluate adequacy, and many analyses of RWD suffer from implausible assumptions, other methodological flaws, or inappropriate interpretations. The Causal Roadmap is an explicit, itemized, iterative process that guides investigators to pre-specify analytic study designs; it addresses a wide range of guidance within a single framework. By requiring transparent evaluation of causal assumptions and facilitating objective comparisons of design and analysis choices based on pre-specified criteria, the Roadmap can help investigators to evaluate the quality of evidence that a given study is likely to produce, specify a study to generate high-quality RWE, and communicate effectively with regulatory agencies and other stakeholders. This paper aims to disseminate and extend the Causal Roadmap framework for use by clinical and translational researchers, with companion papers demonstrating application of the Causal Roadmap for specific use cases., Comment: 51 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables

Does relaxing strict school discipline improve student achievement, or lead to classroom disorder? We study a 2012 reform in New York City public middle schools that eliminated suspensions for non-violent, disorderly behavior. Math scores of students in more-affected schools rose by 0.05 standard deviations over three years relative to other schools. Reading scores rose by 0.03 standard deviations. Only a small portion of these aggregate benefits can be explained by the direct impact of eliminating suspensions on students who would have been suspended under the old policy. Instead, test score gains are associated with improvements in school culture, as measured by the quality of student-teacher relationships and perceptions of safety at school. We find no evidence of trade-offs between students, with students benefiting even if they were unlikely to be suspended themselves.

Regional anesthesia is being used more frequently in the practice of pediatric anesthesia including neonates and infants. While generally safe and effective, adverse effects may occur related to catheter placement or its subsequent use. We present the rare occurrence of high motor blockade with apnea following the administration of a bolus dose of the local anesthetic agent, 2-chloroprocaine, into the thoracic epidural catheter of a 4-week-old, 2.2-kg former premature neonate. The patient had an epidural catheter that had been threaded from the caudal space to the thoracic level to provide analgesia following an abdominal surgical procedure. Subsequent investigation with a standard chest radiograph revealed a higher than intended placement of the epidural catheter (T4 instead of T8-10) which resulted in a transient high motor blockade with apnea. The epidural infusion was discontinued and assisted ventilation was provided by bag-valve-mask ventilation. Immediately, the heart rate and oxygen saturation returned to baseline values, and within 5 min the patient became more active, spontaneous ventilation resumed, and a strong cry was noted. The epidural catheter was removed and the remainder of the postoperative course was unremarkable. Adverse effects of epidural anesthesia in neonates are discussed and options for identifying the correct placement of a thoracic epidural catheter are reviewed.

The growing demand for individualized products is becoming more and more significant and leads to a reduction in batch sizes. In particular, the production of multi-material components for lightweight design presents new challenges to the manufacturing process. This is evident when it comes to the production of individual parts, as today’s processes are characterized by high tool costs and manual operations. The described challenge can be overcome by a robot-based manufacturing cell allowing the use of a novel, modular process chain in which metal parts are mechanically pre-treated, subsequently completed by additive plastic application, and afterwards finalized in a machining step to achieve the required surface qualities and geometries. In order to realize the novel process chain, robot-based solutions for free-form metal sheet processing, increased interlayer bonding strength of plastic, and multi-material machining with integrated chip extraction have to be found. Therefore, this paper presents the first approach of a robot-guided surface structuring end-effector and a concept for a direct extraction hood, which is able to be adapted specifically to the movement of the robot and the part surface, so free-form surfaces can be machined. Based on this, first experimental studies for increasing the interlayer bonding strength of plastic were carried out using an extruder set up to applicate thermoplastics onto metal at high deposition rates. To define the positioning accuracy for a robot-guided structuring process, different point to point movements have been investigated.

Presentation at the 2022 Conference of the Text Encoding Initiative Consortium, 2022-09-14, Newcastle, UK.

The objective of the paper is to address the congestion problem in a specific distribution line by means of sensitivity coefficients seeking an intelligent a ctivation of t he available flexibility, based not only on economic a spects but also on the efficient use of flexibility. This paper proposes a straightforward methodology to obtain the sensitivity coefficient matrices for the unbalanced distribution networks, employing the perturb-and-observe (P & O) approach to assure an efficient usage of flexible resources. This means that a small change in the active power value of a particular flexibility provider, either load or generator, is applied to evaluate the power variation, therefore the loading variation, in every line of the system. The paper shows how these coefficients can be implemented in at heoretical energy market by the market operators by validating its application in an unbalanced network case and then compared with a real balanced distribution network. The simulations have been carried out in DIgSILENT PowerFactory through its API in Python. H2020, 824414, CoordiNet

el presente documento muestra una compilación, jurídica de leyes, actos administrativos, jurisprudencia y tratados internacionales que permiten realizar un análisis profundo de las problemáticas y barreras de desigualdad que deben superar lo migrantes irregulares en el territorio colombiano para poder acceder al derecho a la salud. mostrando de igual forma cuales son las obligaciones del estado colombiano el respecto. This document shows a legal compilation of laws, administrative acts, jurisprudence and international treaties that allow an in-depth analysis of the problems and barriers of inequality that irregular migrants must overcome in Colombian territory in order to access the right to health. showing in the same way what are the obligations of the Colombian state in this regard. Abogado Pregrado

Background Most mass gathering events have been suspended due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. However, with vaccination rollout, whether and how to organize some of these mass gathering events arises as part of the pandemic recovery discussions, and this calls for decision support tools. The Hajj, one of the world's largest religious gatherings, was substantively scaled down in 2020 and 2021 and it is still unclear how it will take place in 2022 and subsequent years. Simulating disease transmission dynamics during the Hajj season under different conditions can provide some insights for better decision-making. Most disease risk assessment models require data on the number and nature of possible close contacts between individuals. Methods We sought to use integrated agent-based modeling and discrete events simulation techniques to capture risky contacts among the pilgrims and assess different scenarios in one of the Hajj major sites, namely Masjid-Al-Haram. Results The simulation results showed that a plethora of risky contacts may occur during the rituals. Also, as the total number of pilgrims increases at each site, the number of risky contacts increases, and physical distancing measures may be challenging to maintain beyond a certain number of pilgrims in the site. Conclusions This study presented a simulation tool that can be relevant for the risk assessment of a variety of (respiratory) infectious diseases, in addition to COVID-19 in the Hajj season. This tool can be expanded to include other contributing elements of disease transmission to quantify the risk of the mass gathering events.

Geoengineering

[ดูหนัง] One Piece Film: Red (2022) ออนไลน์ฟรี HD พากย์ไทย THAI!, วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด [ONE PIECE FILM RED]ดูหนังเต็มเรื่อง [HD] พากย์ไท ฟรี_2022, One Piece FILM RED วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด (2022) พากย์ไทย, ดูหนังออนไลน์ One Piece Film Red / วันพีซฟิล์มเรด 2022 ไทยหนัง HD, ดู-หนัง One Piece Film: Red (2022) เต็มเรื่อง HD พากย์ไทย THAI, [ONE PIECE FILM RED-2022]วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด ฟรี เต็มเรื่อง ดูออเรื่องฟรีนไลน์ พากย์ไท ► ดู-หนัง ◉➔ ดูวันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด (2022) วีดีโอตัวเต็ม ออนไลน์ พากย์ไทย FULL-HD ► ดู-หนัง ◉➔ ดูวันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด (2022) วีดีโอตัวเต็ม ออนไลน์ พากย์ไทย FULL-HD วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด "ผมแดงผู้นำมาซึ่งบทสรุป" (ญี่ปุ่น: ワンピース フィルム レッド; โรมาจิ: Wan Pīsu Firumu Reddo; อังกฤษ: One Piece Film: Red) รีวิว One Piece Film: RED ไปดูแบบ 4DMX ที่โรงญี่ปุ่น One Piece Film: RED คือภาพยนตร์ลำดับที่ 15 ในแฟรนไชส์ของ One Piece Film ออกฉายครั้งแรกที่ประเทศญี่ปุ่นในวันที่ 6 สิงหาคม พ.ศ. 2565 และมีกำหนดฉายที่ประเทศไทยในวันที่ 25 สิงหาคม ห่างจากญี่ปุ่นประมาณ 3 สัปดาห์เท่านั้น การันตีความดังของซีรีส์ One Piece ในไทยได้เป็นอย่างดี เรามีโอกาสได้ไปดู One Piece Film: RED ในโรงภาพยนตร์ที่ประเทศญี่ปุ่น เวอร์ชั่น 4DMX จึงอยากจะมาแชร์ประสบการณ์ รวมถึงรีวิวหนังว่าภาคนี้มีดีอย่างไร ทำไมคุณถึงควรจองตั๋วไปดูเลยตอนนี้! เรื่องย่อ ว่าด้วยเรื่องราวของแก๊งหมวกฟางที่เข้าร่วมงานคอนเสิร์ตของไอดอลสาวที่โด่งดังที่สุดในโลก ชื่อของเธอคือ UTA (อุตะ) เมื่อ UTA เริ่มทำการแสดง ลูฟี่ก็จำได้ว่าเธอคือลูกสาวของแชงค์ส โจรสลัดผมแดงผู้มีพระคุณ และเป็นเพื่อนสมัยเด็กที่ไม่ได้เจอหน้ากันมานาน ระหว่างที่ลูฟี่เข้าไปทักทายอุตะ กลุ่มหมวกฟางก็พบว่าเธอกำลังถูกเพ่งเล็งจากกลุ่มโจรสลัดต่าง ๆ โดยเฉพาะกลุ่มบิ๊กมัม ที่ต้องการพลังจากผลปิศาจของเธอ มาลุ้นกันว่าการแสดงคอนเสิร์ตครั้งนี้จะจบลงอย่างไร? ความสำเร็จของภาพยนตร์ One Piece Film: RED ในญี่ปุ่น One Piece Film: RED เปิดตัวที่ญี่ปุ่นวันแรก รับรายได้จุใจไปถึง 1.06 พันล้านเยน นับเป็นภาพยนตร์แอนิเมชั่นที่เปิดตัววันแรกด้วยรายได้สูงสุดเป็นอันดับที่ 3 ในประเทศญี่ปุ่น รองจาก 'ดาบพิฆาตอสูร เดอะมูฟวี่ ศึกรถไฟสู่นิรันดร์' และ 'มหาเวทย์ผนึกมาร 0' ครองรายได้เปิดตัวสูงสุดใน One Piece Film ทั้งหมด และภาพยนตร์แอนิเมชันทั้งหมดที่ Toei Animation เคยสร้างมา สื่อในประเทศญี่ปุ่นยังรายงานอีกด้วยว่าใน 10 วันแรกที่ภาพยนตร์เข้าฉาย มีผู้ซื้อตั๋วไปชมมากถึง 5 ล้านคนเลยทีเดียว! (มีเราอยู่ในนั้นด้วยคนนึง) ส่วนเพลง New Genesis ซึ่งใช้ประกอบภาพยนตร์ก็ปังไม่แพ้กัน เพราะครองอันดับ 1 ในชาร์ต Apple Music Top 100 และ Spotify Top 50 ของญี่ปุ่น และพออัลบั้มเพลงออกวางแผงในวันที่ 13 สิงหาคม ก็ยังครองอันดับ 1 ในประเภท CD เพลงของเว็บช็อปปิ้งที่ใหญ่ที่สุดในญี่ปุ่นอย่าง Rakuten และ Amazon.jp อีกด้วย ความรู้สึกหลังดู เราไปดู One Piece Film: RED หลังเปิดตัวหนึ่งวัน เพราะจองตั๋วไม่ทันวันแรก (ขอโทษนะคะ อ.โอดะ อดเพิ่มรายได้วันแรกให้เลย) เรื่องนี้ที่โรงภาพยนตร์ญี่ปุ่นแถวบ้านมีให้เลือกดู 3 แบบด้วยกันคือ แบบปกติ, IMAX Laser และ 4DMX เราอยากให้ได้อารมณ์มากที่สุด ถ้า UTA ร้องเพลง แสงสีเสียงต้องเหมือนอยู่ในคอนเสิร์ต ถ้าซันจิทำอาหารเราต้องได้กลิ่น หรือถ้าลูฟี่ต่อยใคร เก้าอี้เราต้องสั่นเหมือนถูกต่อยเอง...ก็เลยเลือกไปดูแบบ 4DMX ซึ่งบอกเลยว่าไม่ผิดหวัง สำหรับในญี่ปุ่น ราคาตั๋ว (ซื้อวันหยุด และไม่มีส่วนลดสมาชิก) อยู่ที่ประมาณ 1,900 เยน ถ้าเป็น 4DMX บวกเพิ่มอีก 1,200 เยน ราคารวม ๆ เลยตกที่ 4,100 เยน (ประมาณ 1,080 บาท) ที่โรงหนังในญี่ปุ่น มักมีการแจกของที่ระลึกแบบจำกัดจำนวนให้ผู้ชมด้วย อย่างเช่นรอบของเราได้รับหนังสือการ์ตูนบาง ๆ เขียนว่า One Piece เล่มที่ 4 พันล้าน ซึ่ง อ.โอดะบอกว่ามาจากเงินค่าหัวของแชงค์ส (แต่เราว่าจริง ๆ แล้วอาจเป็นความหวังลึก ๆ ของอาจารย์ว่าอยากออกถึงเล่มนี้ ฮ่า ๆ) ในเล่มเป็นข้อมูลตัวละครที่ปรากฎในภาคมูฟวี่ ได้ข่าวว่ารอบหลังจะมีการแจกการ์ดเกม One Piece ลายเดอะมูฟวี่ เป็นของที่ระลึกในช่วงเทศกาลวันหยุดยาวของญี่ปุ่น และหนังสือการ์ตูนที่เป็นเรื่องราวของ UTA โดยเฉพาะด้วย อยากได้จัง เดี๋ยวต้องไปดูอีก วันพีช ฟิล์ม red ฉาย วัน ไหน one piece film red รอบพิเศษ one piece film red จองตั๋ว วันพีช ฟิล์ม red พากย์ไทย one piece film red รอบฉาย Major one piece film red ฉายญี่ปุ่น วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด สปอย วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด วันที่ออกฉาย วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด เข้าวันไหน วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด ซับไทย วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด เวอร์ชันเต็ม วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด พากย์ไทย เต็มเรื่อง วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด อูต้า วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด ดู วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด (2022) วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด การ์ด วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด กล้อง วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด กล่อง วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด กราว วันพีซ ฟิล์ม เรด ฉบับเต็ม

Background: Blinding of the outcome assessor in experimental research is an important measure to reduce bias (Bespalov et al., 2020). In a blinded condition, the observer is unaware of the experimental groups to which an individual belongs and is therefore less vulnerable to observer bias (Mahtani et al., 2018). Blinding of outcome assessment is believed to influence outcomes, with lack of blinding often exaggerating the estimate of the effect of an experimental condition on measured outcome (Hrobjartsson et al., 2012; Bello et al., 2014; Macleod et al., 2008). Despite this, blinding is not always reported in preclinical settings. To date, there is little quantitative experimental evidence measuring the impact of blinding on outcome assessment, particularly in the context of preclinical behavioural research. Study description: We have designed a randomised controlled study testing the impact of blinding on outcome assessment in rodent object recognition tasks (Novel Object Recognition (NOR) and Object Place (OP), see Figure s1), which will be scored by 3rd year undergraduate students (presumed to be inexperienced observers) in the context of one of their course modules in animal behaviour. Students will score novel object exploration in previously recorded videos of an experiment testing cognition in mice exposed to different dietary regimes. The students will be introduced to the hypothesis that cognition is impaired in mice on high fat diets. Students will be randomly allocated to being blinded or unblinded for all video evaluations. They will each be asked to score 24 behaviour videos selected from a pool of 88 videos. Each animal is represented in 2 of these 88 videos, once for the OP task and once for the NOR task. Each of these videos will be presented either with (“unblinded”) or without (“blinded”) embedded text identifying the treatment group to which the animal belongs as well as the nature of the test (OP or NOR) and the identity (left/right) of the novel object. Appropriate versions will be presented according to the student status as blinded or unblinded. Each student will conduct 2 sessions of scoring with 12 videos in each session; and each session will contain 3 videos for each of 4 conditions (OP followed by NOR, with LFD or HFD presented in random order). We created sets of videos to ensure balanced representation between the first and the second scoring sessions and across participants. The intervention (addition of video labels to remove blinding) is intended to create an expectation in the mind of the scorer that control mice will explore a novel object more than they will a familiar one; and that high-fat diet-fed mice will not be able to discriminate between a novel and familiar object. Each of these tests provides a discrimination score, which is a measure of the difference in time spent investigating a familiar object in a novel place (OP) or a novel object (NOR). For each of OP and NOR we will report the effects of the dietary intervention in data aggregated from blinded and from unblinded observations. Our primary outcome measure is the proportion of students finding statistically significant differences (p

We raise the new possibility that people diagnosed with developmental dyslexia (DD) are specialized in explorative cognitive search, and rather than having a neurocognitive disorder, play an essential role in human adaptation. Most DD research has studied educational difficulties, with theories framing differences in neurocognitive processes as deficits. However, people with DD are also often proposed to have certain strengths – particularly in realms like discovery, invention, and creativity – that deficit-centered theories cannot explain. We investigate whether these strengths reflect an underlying explorative specialization. We re-examine experimental studies in psychology and neuroscience using the framework of cognitive search, whereby many psychological processes involve a trade-off between exploration and exploitation. We report evidence of an explorative bias in DD-associated cognitive strategies. High DD prevalence and an attendant explorative bias across multiple areas of cognition suggest the existence of explorative specialization. An evolutionary perspective explains the combination of findings and challenges the view that individuals with DD have a disorder. In cooperating groups, individual specialization is favored when features that confer fitness benefits are functionally incompatible. Evidence for search specialization suggests that, as with some other social organisms, humans mediate the exploration–exploitation trade-off by specializing in complementary strategies. The existence of a system of collective cognitive search that emerges through collaboration would help to explain our species’ exceptional adaptiveness. It also aligns with evidence for substantial variability during our evolutionary history and the notion that humans are adapted not to a particular habitat but to variability itself. Specialization creates interdependence and necessitates balancing complementary strategies. Reframing DD therefore underscores the urgency of changing certain cultural practices to ensure we do not inhibit adaptation. Key improvements would remove cultural barriers to exploration and nurture explorative learning in education, academia, and the workplace, as well as emphasize collaboration over competition. Specialization in complementary search abilities represents a meta-adaptation; through collaboration, this likely enables human groups (as a species and as cultural systems) to successfully adapt. Cultural change to support this system of collaborative search may therefore be essential in confronting the challenges humanity now faces.

Today, industrial-scale mining is a high-tech activity that transforms places and regions by creating massive technological infrastructures. “The public” and its relationship with this industry are seen as increasingly relevant for mining projects; however, the role technologies play in this regard is as yet under-researched. In this article, we use an example from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research program to examine how technoscientific actors build relationships with the public in the context of mining technology development. More precisely, we reveal how the public is conceptualized by technology developers and how such conceptions come into play in technology development projects. We argue that a central aspect of this is the assumption that certain characteristics of the public are variable or stable. While characteristics perceived as stable tend to lead to an adjustment of the technology to suit the attitudes of an imagined public, characteristics perceived as variable cause no technological modifications but do influence the selection of communication strategies.

BackgroundA point mutation in sickle cell disease (SCD) alters one amino acid in the β-globin subunit of hemoglobin, with resultant anemia and multiorgan damage that typically shortens lifespan by decades. Because SCD is caused by a single mutation, and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can be harvested, manipulated, and returned to an individual, it is an attractive target for gene correction.ResultsAn optimized Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) with an ssDNA oligonucleotide donor together generated correction of at least one β-globin allele in more than 30% of long-term engrafting human HSCs. After adopting a high-fidelity Cas9 variant, efficient correction with minimal off-target events also was observed. Invivo erythroid differentiation markedly enriches for corrected β-globin alleles, indicating that erythroblasts carrying one or more corrected alleles have a survival advantage.SignificanceThese findings indicate that the sickle mutation can be corrected in autologous HSCs with an optimized protocol suitable for clinical translation.

Background: Although infantile fever is harmless in most cases, many parents feel insecure when having to deal with it because important information is often missing. For educational purposes, an information video on fever in children was developed, which is also intended to serve as an onboarding element of a health app. The aim of the present work was to record the attitude of parents and adults on the topic of fever before and after the presentation of the information video, as well as its evaluation. Methods: Between May and November 2020, a total of 123 adults from three groups with different backgrounds (students, parents and educators) were interviewed using a questionnaire that was completed before and after the one-time presentation of an educational information video clip. Results: Several significant outcomes were recorded in attitude change toward managing fever, with no significant difference between groups. After viewing the informational video clip, 74% of participants would take body temperature rectally more often. In the after-questionnaire, 83% of participants agreed that they would now be more cautious about using fever-reducing medications. Before the video clip, 75% of the participants thought fever was “rather useful”; after, 93%. The level of temperature played a minor role as a reason for fever reduction. The information content and quality of the video were rated positively. Discussion: This study shows that a short information video is capable of bringing about a subjectively perceived intentional change in the attitude to dealing with fever, motivating a change in behavior, and reducing uncertainty in dealing with fever. Since the change in attitude was measured immediately after viewing the video clip, no statement can be made about the medium to long-term effect. Conclusion: The information video clip can be classified as a short-term fever education tool for which at least short-term effective is demonstrated. Long-term and possible synergistic effects when integrated into a health app with further information still needs to be investigated., Hintergrund: Obwohl kindliches Fieber in den meisten Fällen harmlos ist, fühlen sich viele Eltern im Umgang damit unsicher, weil oft wichtige Informationen fehlen. Zu Aufklärungszwecken wurde ein Informationsvideo über Fieber bei Kindern entwickelt, das auch als Onboarding-Element einer Gesundheits-App dienen soll. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, die Einstellung von Eltern und Erwachsenen zum Thema Fieber vor und nach der Präsentation des Informationsvideos sowie dessen Evaluation zu erfassen. Methoden: Zwischen Mai und November 2020 wurden insgesamt 123 Erwachsene in drei Gruppen mit unterschiedlichem Hintergrund (Studenten, Eltern und Pädagogen) mittels eines Fragebogens befragt, der vor und nach der einmaligen Präsentation eines Aufklärungsvideos ausgefüllt wurde. Ergebnisse: Es wurden mehrere signifikante Ergebnisse in Bezug auf die Veränderung der Einstellung zum Umgang mit Fieber festgestellt, wobei es keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen gab. Nach der Vorführung des Informationsvideoclips würden 74 % der Teilnehmer die Körpertemperatur häufiger rektal messen. In der Nachbefragung stimmten 83% der Teilnehmer zu, dass sie nun vorsichtiger mit fiebersenkenden Medikamenten umgehen würden. Vor dem Videoclip hielten 75% der Teilnehmer Fieber für „eher nützlich“, danach waren es 93%. Die Höhe der Temperatur spielte als Grund für die Fiebersenkung eine untergeordnete Rolle. Der Informationsgehalt und die Qualität des Videos wurden positiv bewertet. Diskussion: Diese Studie zeigt, dass ein kurzes Informationsvideo in der Lage ist, eine subjektiv wahrgenommene intentionale Veränderung der Einstellung zum Umgang mit Fieber herbeizuführen, zu einer Verhaltensänderung zu motivieren und die Unsicherheit im Umgang mit Fieber zu verringern. Da die Einstellungsänderung unmittelbar nach dem Betrachten des Videoclips gemessen wurde, kann keine Aussage über die mittel- bis langfristige Wirkung getroffen werden. Schlussfolgerung: Der Informationsvideoclip kann als kurzfristiges Fieberaufklärungsinstrument eingestuft werden, für das zumindest eine kurzfristige Wirksamkeit nachgewiesen ist. Langfristige und mögliche synergetische Effekte bei Integration in eine Gesundheits-App mit weiteren Informationen müssen noch untersucht werden.

We introduce and study a new model consisting of a single classical random walker undergoing continuous monitoring at rate $\gamma$ on a discrete lattice. Although such a continuous measurement cannot affect physical observables, it has a non-trivial effect on the probability distribution of the random walker. At small $\gamma$, we show analytically that the time-evolution of the latter can be mapped to the Stochastic Heat Equation (SHE). In this limit, the width of the log probability thus follows a Family-Vicsek scaling law, $N^{\alpha}f(t/N^{\alpha/\beta})$, with roughness and growth exponents corresponding to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class, i.e $\alpha^{\rm{1D}}_{\rm{KPZ}}=1/2$ and $\beta^{\rm{1D}}_{\rm{KPZ}}=1/3$ respectively. When $\gamma$ is increased outside this regime, we find numerically in 1D a crossover from the KPZ class to a new universality class characterized by exponents $\alpha^{1\rm{D}}_{\text{M}}\approx 1$ and $\beta^{1\rm{D}}_{\text{M}}\approx 1.4$. In 3D, varying $\gamma$ beyond a critical value $\gamma^c_{\rm{M}}$ leads to a phase transition from a smooth phase that we identify as the Edwards-Wilkinson (EW) class to a new universality class with $\alpha^{3\rm{D}}_{\text{M}}\approx1$., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures

Background Malnutrition has been shown to be a risk factor for postoperative complications after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). In addition, patients needing a PD, such as patients with pancreatic cancer or chronic pancreatitis, often are malnourished. The best route of postoperative nutrition after PD remains unknown. The aim of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate if early postoperative enteral nutrition can decrease complications after PD compared to oral nutrition. Methods This multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial will include 128 patients undergoing PD with a nutritional risk screening ≥3. Patients will be randomized 1:1 using variable block randomization stratified by center to receive either early enteral nutrition (intervention group) or oral nutrition (control group) after PD. Patients in the intervention group will receive enteral nutrition since the first night of the operation (250 ml/12 h), and enteral nutrition will be increased daily if tolerated until 1000 ml/12 h. The primary outcome will be the Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI) at 90 days after PD. Discussion This study with its multicentric and randomized design will permit to establish if early postoperative enteral nutrition after PD improves postoperative outcomes compared to oral nutrition in malnourished patients. Clinical trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/(NCT05042882) Registration date: September 2021.

Additional file 1. Interview topic guide.

Continuous 2-dimensional space is often discretized by considering a grid of weighted square cells. In this work we study how well a weighted tessellation approximates the space, with respect to shortest paths. In particular, we consider a shortest path SPw(s, t), which is a shortest path from s to t in the continuous weighted 2D-space, and a shortest grid path SGPw(s, t), which is a shortest path in the tessellated weighted 2D-space. Our main result is that the ratio kSGPw(s,t)k kSPw(s,t)k is at most v 2 2+v 2 ˜ 1.08, irrespective of the weight assignment. P. B. is partially supported by NSERC. G. E., D. O. and R. I. S. are partially supported by H2020-MSCA-RISE project 734922 - CONNECT and project PID2019-104129GB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. G. E. and D. O. are also supported by PIUAH21/IA-062 and CM/JIN/2021-004. G. E. is funded by an FPU of the Universidad de Alcalá.

Well-characterised M-dwarfs are rare, particularly with respect to effective temperature. In this letter we re-analyse two benchmark M-dwarfs in eclipsing binaries from Kepler/K2: KIC 1571511AB and HD 24465AB. Both have temperatures reported to be hotter or colder by approximately 1000 K in comparison with both models and the majority of the literature. By modelling the secondary eclipses with both the original data and new data from TESS we derive significantly different temperatures which are not outliers. Removing this discrepancy allows these M-dwarfs to be truly benchmarks. Our work also provides relief to stellar modellers. We encourage more measurements of M-dwarf effective temperatures with robust methods., Comment: 6 pages, MNRAS submission, comments welcome