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We report the case of a 64-year-old male with significant cardiac comorbidities who reported three episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding. In the third episode, he presented massive hematemesis, anaemia and hypotension. Despite a standard upper endoscopy, a computed tomography (CT) showed an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm and densification of the aortic fat cover. A primary aortoenteric fistula, with acute bleeding and haemodynamic instability, was assumed, and an emergent endovascular repair was performed. Subsequent CT scans and endoscopies demonstrated control of the enteric lesion. After five months, there was no evidence of infection or rebleeding., Portuguese Journal of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Vol. 30 No. 2 (2023): Apr-Jun

Background Sea-lavenders (Limonium Mill., Plumbaginaceae) are a cosmopolitan group of diploid and polyploid plants often adapted to extreme saline environments, with a mostly Tethyan distribution, occurring in the Mediterranean, Irano-Turanian, Euro-Siberian and in the New World. The halophylic Limonium vulgare polyploid complex in particular, presents a large distribution throughout extreme salt-marsh habitats and shows little morphological but high taximetric variation, frequently blurring species delimitation. In this work we pursue three main goals: assert whether SNP data from polyploid individuals has the resolution to distinguish the seven sampled species, to better understand how genetically structured Limonium vulgare is, and attempt to identify specific molecular mechanisms for the differentiation between L. maritimum and L. vulgare. For this purpose, 95 individuals were genotyped using Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS), which were assembled as two independent datasets using ipyrad. All analyses performed downstream of assembly were fully automated. Phylogenetic inference, PCA, and admixture plots were used to infer answers to the study’s main goals. Results Close to 10,000 SNPs were obtained for each dataset. Phylogenetic analyses reveal that polyploid data can be used to infer species relationships. Population structure analyses suggest a genetically structured L. vulgare. A set of 34 SNPs were found to be fully segregated between L. vulgare and L. maritimum, two of which are potentially linked to proteins that might be involved in the speciation process. Conclusion Despite polyploid data analyses shortcomings, GBS generated SNPs have the resolution to discern all seven included species. Limonium vulgare revealed pronounced genetic structure along a geographical north-south cline. L. maritimum always appears as a distinct genetic entity. Segregated SNPs between L. vulgare and L. maritimum indicate salinity response and morphological trait control genes as potentially interesting to follow up for studying these species’ divergence process.

Um doente de 80 anos recorreu ao serviço de urgência com dor abdominal epigástrica e um quadro compatível com oclusão intestinal. A Tomografia Computorizada (TC) evidenciou uma oclusão de delgado, em ansa fechada. O doente foi submetido a laparotomia exploradora, com achados de um divertículo gigante, com 11cm de diámetro. Optou-se por proceder a diverticulectomia. O procedimento e pós-operatório decorreram sem complicações. A histologia da peça revelou tratar-se de um divertículo verdadeiro tipo III, segundo a classificação de McNutt. O doente permanence assintomático, ao fim de mais de 6 meses de seguimento. Um diverticulo gigante é uma complicação rara, de uma doença comum. A sua apresentação, inespecífica, nem sempre é esclarecida pelos achados da TC. O tratamento deve passar por resseção de forma a evitar oclusão intestinal e perfuração que podem culminar em peritonite. A diverticulectomia é uma opção válida e menos invasiva neste contexto de apresentação aguda., Acta Radiológica Portuguesa, Vol. 34 N.º 3 (2022)

An 80-year-old patient presented to the emergency room with a tender epigastric mass and symptoms suggestive of bowel obstruction. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) was performed, showing a closed loop small bowel obstruction. The patient was taken to surgery and a giant sigmoid diverticulum, of 11cm in diameter, was found. We chose to resect the diverticulum. The surgery and postoperative course occurred without any complications. The resected speciemen was a true McNutt's type III diverticulum. The patient was discharged home after a normal postoperative course, and did not suffer any recurrence during a follow-up of 6 months. This is a rare complication of a common disease with non-specific presentation and not always accurately described by CT scan. Surgical resection is the recommended treatment to avoid obstruction or perforation, among other complications that may lead to peritonitis. Diverticulectomy is a safe option for a patient with acute presentation in the emergency room., Um doente de 80 anos recorreu ao serviço de urgência com dor abdominal epigástrica e um quadro compatível com oclusão intestinal. A Tomografia Computorizada (TC) evidenciou uma oclusão de delgado, em ansa fechada. O doente foi submetido a laparotomia exploradora, com achados de um divertículo gigante, com 11cm de diámetro. Optou-se por proceder a diverticulectomia. O procedimento e pós-operatório decorreram sem complicações. A histologia da peça revelou tratar-se de um divertículo verdadeiro tipo III, segundo a classificação de McNutt. O doente permanence assintomático, ao fim de mais de 6 meses de seguimento. Um diverticulo gigante é uma complicação rara, de uma doença comum. A sua apresentação, inespecífica, nem sempre é esclarecida pelos achados da TC. O tratamento deve passar por resseção de forma a evitar oclusão intestinal e perfuração que podem culminar em peritonite. A diverticulectomia é uma opção válida e menos invasiva neste contexto de apresentação aguda.

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Ciências da Comunicação (especialização em Informação e Jornalismo), O presente relatório de estágio visa refletir sobre a relação de dependência da TSF-Rádio Notícias relativamente à agência Lusa. No ponto de partida desta observação está um estágio curricular de três meses, realizado na redação da TSF, no Porto, entre 13 de outubro de 2021 e 13 de janeiro de 2022, no turno da Manhã 2, no âmbito do Mestrado em Ciências da Comunicação, com especialização em Informação e Jornalismo, e de cuja experiência emergiram algumas das questões que inspiram a abordagem ao tema da relação da rádio com a agência de notícias. Não é novidade que a constante evolução tecnológica tem vindo a alterar o paradigma jornalístico ao longo dos últimos tempos. Tome-se o exemplo do aparecimento da televisão por cabo, com canais dedicados a noticiários 24 horas por dia, e do jornalismo digital. De forma a atender aos desejos dos consumidores, os jornalistas viram-se obrigados a alterar as suas rotinas e a produzir cada vez mais informação num curto espaço de tempo. A TSF- Rádio Notícias não foi exceção. Devido ao caráter imediato do digital, a redação recorre, diariamente, às agências de notícias, entre elas, a Lusa, para informar o ouvinte dos acontecimentos. A imagem do jornalista como “herói” armado de mochila e gravador a vaguear sem rumo em busca de uma grande reportagem ou notícia praticamente desapareceu para dar lugar a um “jornalismo de secretária”. Tendo em conta que a agência de notícias Lusa, atualmente, é utilizada na maioria dos órgãos de comunicação portugueses, até que ponto a dependência da rádio TSF relativamente a esta agência não conduz à uniformização do que é notícia? Esta aposta põe em risco valores como o rigor, a objetividade ou o caráter reflexivo? Poderemos estar a aproximarmo-nos do fim do jornalismo tradicional? Estas são apenas três das questões que se procura problematizar ao longo deste documento. Partindo de uma base teórica para uma análise prática, este relatório pretende, acima de tudo, ser uma reflexão sobre a progressiva sedentarização do jornalismo radiofónico, bem como sobre as suas possíveis vantagens e consequências para os jornalistas da TSF., This internship report aims to reflect on the relationship of dependence of TSF-Rádio Notícias in relation to Lusa news agency. At the starting point of this observation is a three-month curricular internship, carried out at TSF newsroom, in Porto, between October 13, 2021, and January 13, 2022, in the morning shift 2, under the scope of the Master’s in Communication Sciences, with specialization in Information and Journalism, and from whose experience emerged some of the questions that inspire the approach to the theme of the radio's relationship with the news agency. It is no news that the constant technological evolution has been changing the journalistic paradigm in recent times. Take for example the emergence of cable television, with channels dedicated to news 24 hours a day, and digital journalism. To meet consumers' desires, journalists had to change their routines and produce more and more information in a short period of time. TSF- Rádio Notícias was no exception. Due to the immediate nature of digital, the newsroom resorts daily to news agencies, among them Lusa, to inform the listener of the events. The image of the journalist as a "hero" armed with backpack and tape recorder wandering aimlessly in search of a great report or news has practically disappeared to give way to a "desk journalism". Considering that the Lusa news agency is currently used in most of the Portuguese media, to what extent does the dependence of TSF radio in relation to this agency lead to the standardization of what is news? Does this bet put at risk values such as rigor, objectivity, or reflexive character? Could we be approaching the end of traditional journalism? These are only three of the questions we seek to problematize throughout this document. Starting from a theoretical basis to a practical analysis, this report intends, above all, to be a reflection on the progressive decentralization of radio journalism, as well as on its possible advantages and consequences for TSF journalists.

Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Climate change and the accelerated rate of population growth are imposing a progressive degradation of natural ecosystems worldwide. In this context, the use of pioneer trees represents a powerful approach to reverse the situation. Among others, N2-fixing actinorhizal trees constitute important elements of plant communities and have been successfully used in land reclamation at a global scale. In this study, we have analyzed the transcriptome of the photosynthetic organs of Casuarina glauca (branchlets) to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying salt stress tolerance. For that, C. glauca plants supplied either with chemical nitrogen (KNO3+) or nodulated by Frankia (NOD+) were exposed to a gradient of salt concentrations (200, 400, and 600 mM NaCl) and RNA-Seq was performed. An average of ca. 25 million clean reads was obtained for each group of plants, corresponding to 86,202 unigenes. The patterns of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) clearly separate two groups: (i) control- and 200 mM NaCl-treated plants, and (ii) 400 and 600 mM NaCl-treated plants. Additionally, although the number of total transcripts was relatively high in both plant groups, the percentage of significant DEGs was very low, ranging from 6 (200 mM NaCl/NOD+) to 314 (600 mM NaCl/KNO3+), mostly involving down-regulation. The vast majority of up-regulated genes was related to regulatory processes, reinforcing the hypothesis that some ecotypes of C. glauca have a strong stress-responsive system with an extensive set of constitutive defense mechanisms, complemented by a tight mechanism of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation. The results suggest that the robustness of the stress response system in C. glauca is regulated by a limited number of genes that tightly regulate detoxification and protein/enzyme stability, highlighting the complexity of the molecular interactions leading to salinity tolerance in this species. publishersversion published

[ES] Las bacterias resistentes a antibióticos (ARB) son una amenaza emergente para la salud humana, animal y ambiental. Su introducción en la cadena alimentaria tiene consecuencias a nivel de 'One Health'. Dentro de estos patógenos, los gram negativo de resistencia a carbapenemes son considerados por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) de crítica prioridad. Esto se debe a que los antibióticos carbapenémicos representan actualmente el agente más activo y potente contra patógenos gram negativos con resistencias a múltiples drogas (MDR) y no hay alternativas de tratamiento eficaces. Además, la incidencia de dichos patógenos ha aumentado en el último siglo y su infección se asocia a una tasa alta de mortalidad. La situación se agrava con la tendencia al alza del consumo de vegetales orgánicos y crudos, que al no ser tratados ni cocinados pueden ser un potencial reservorio de vectores bacterianos. En los últimos cinco años el crecimiento del gasto en productos ecológicos en España según el Ministerio de Agricultura y Pesca ha sido del 67,42%. En este trabajo se evaluaron muestras de espinaca, lechuga, col lombarda, col rizada y fresas de cultivos ecológicos de diferentes establecimientos minoristas de Valencia, con tal de determinar su papel en la transmisión de bacterias resistentes a antibióticos y sus genes. En primer lugar, se analizó la calidad microbiológica de las muestras a través de recuentos de microorganismos clave en el análisis higiénico sanitario (microorganismos viables aerobios mesófilos, coliformes totales y Escherichia coli). Los niveles encontrados solo fueron alarmantes para dos muestras, una de lechuga y otra de espinaca, en las cuales se superó los límites prestablecidos de E. coli. A continuación, se identificaron los aislados sospechosos de ser resistentes a cefalosporinas de tercera generación y carbapenemes, antibióticos de la familia de los ß-lactámicos. Tras ello, se determinaron sus perfiles de resistencia a través del método de antibiograma disco-placa, detectándose aproximadamente un 9 % de bacterias con multirresistencia. Para elucidar el origen de las resistencias, se estudió la presencia de genes de resistencia a carbapenemes (blaKPC, blaOXA-48, blaIMP y blaVIM) en las muestras y en los aislados. Dos de ellos, se detectaron en las muestras procedentes de TSB y tres en las cepas. Los resultados manifiestan el riesgo que conlleva el consumo en crudo de estos alimentos y la necesidad de lavarlos previamente a su ingesta. También reflejan el status quo de la prevalencia de ARB y ARG y el imperativo de establecer medidas de supervisión epidemiológica y de disminución de consumo de antibióticos., [EN] Antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) are an emerging threat to human, animal and environmental health. Its introduction into the food chain has consequences at the level of 'One Health'. Within these pathogens, the gram-negative ones with resistance to carbapenems are considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be of critical priority. This is because carbapenem antibiotics currently represent the most active and potent agents against gram-negative pathogens with multi-drug resistance (MDR) and there are no effective treatment alternatives. Furthermore, the incidence of these pathogens has increased in the last century and their infection is associated with a high mortality rate. The situation is aggravated by the upward trend in the consumption of organic and raw vegetables, which, since they are not treated or cooked, can be a potential reservoir of bacterial vectors. In the last five years, according to the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, the growth of expenditure on organic products in Spain has been 67,42%. In this work, samples of spinach, lettuce, red cabbage, kale and strawberries from organic crops from different retail establishments in Valencia were evaluated, in order to determine their role in the transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their genes. In the first place, a sanitary hygienic analysis took place through counts of key microorganisms (viable mesophilic aerobic microorganisms, total coliforms, and Escherichia coli) to establish the microbiological quality of the samples. The levels found were only alarming for two samples, one of lettuce and the other of spinach, in which the pre-established limits for E. coli were exceeded. Isolates suspected of being resistant to third generation cephalosporins and carbapenems, antibiotics of the ß-lactam family, were then identified. After that, their resistance profiles were determined through the disk-plate antibiogram method, detecting approximately 9% of bacteria with multi-resistance. To elucidate the origin of the resistance, the presence of carbapenem resistance genes (blaKPC, blaOXA-48, blaIMP and blaVIM) in the samples and isolates was studied. Two of them were detected in the samples from TSB and three in the strains. The results show the risk involved in raw consumption of these foods and the need to wash them before eating them. They also reflect the status quo of the prevalence of ARB and ARG and the imperative to establish epidemiological surveillance measures and to reduce the consumption of antibiotics.

Editorial info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar, O presente relatório diz respeito aos projetos de intervenção pedagógica das valências de Creche e Jardim de Infância, inseridos no âmbito da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada no Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar, no qual se procurou proporcionar oportunidades que potenciassem a construção de significados em volta do mundo físico e natural, aliado ao apetrechamento e criação de uma área das ciências atraente e significativa. Este projeto que tem como título “O mundo físico e natural como potenciador da construção de aprendizagens e do enriquecimento do espaço e materiais”, partiu da observação e escuta dos interesses e necessidades de cada grupo de crianças e dos diálogos com as Educadoras, bem como do contexto. Estas apresentavam uma enorme curiosidade pelo meio envolvente, fomentando, assim, a criação de um ambiente estimulante para a aprendizagem ativa, salvaguardando a articulação com as várias áreas do saber e a promoção de oportunidades diversificadas no enriquecimento e criação da área das ciências. Em Creche, as estratégias pedagógicas proporcionaram oportunidades de exploração e manipulação sensoriais, onde as crianças realizaram várias descobertas sobre o mundo, com a colaboração dos pais. No Jardim de Infância, as estratégias envolveram experiências diversificadas que tinham como fim o apetrechamento da área das ciências, de maneira a torná-la mais aprazível, sendo que as várias experiências foram delineadas com a coplanificação das crianças. As intervenções pedagógicas possibilitaram a exploração livre de diferentes materiais, potenciando a construção de conhecimentos sobre o mundo físico e natural. Na Creche, devido à pandemia, a criação da área das ciências, sendo um dos objetivos emergentes, não foi passível de ser concretizada, desta forma, centrei-me em experiências sensoriais com materiais do quotidiano, favorecendo novas descobertas em volta do mundo físico e natural. No contexto de Jardim de Infância, esta exploração permitiu a construção de materiais que enriqueceram o espaço da sala, principalmente, a área das ciências, favorecendo as interações e a participação nesta área, bem como permitiu proporcionar às crianças diversas e significativas experiências de aprendizagem., This internship report addresses the pedagogical intervention projects of the valences Daycare and Kindergarten, within the Supervised Teaching Practice in the Master's Degree in Pre-School Education. This teaching practice provides opportunities that enhance the construction of meanings of the physical and natural world, in conjunction with the equipping and creation of the attractive and significant science area. This project with the title "The physical and natural world as an enhancer in the construction of learning and the enrichment of space and materials", has started with the observation and collection of interests and needs of each group of children, followed by the dialogues with the educators and the definition of the context. The children showed a huge curiosity for the environment, thus fostering the creation of a stimulating environment for active learning, safeguarding the articulation with the various areas of knowledge as well and as promoting of diversified opportunities for the enrichment and creation of the area of science. In Daycare, the pedagogical strategies provided opportunities for sensory exploration and manipulation, where children made several discoveries about the world, with the collaboration of their parents. In Kindergarten, the strategies involved allow diversified experiences with the purposes to equip the area of science and make the learning experience more enjoyable. The various experiences were outlined with the co-planning of the children. The pedagogical interventions allowfree exploration of different materials, thus enhancing the construction of knowledge about the physical and natural world. At the Daycare, due to the pandemic, the creation of the science area, being one of the emerging goals, was not likely to be achieved. The author has therefore focused on sensory experiences with everyday materials, favoring new discoveries around the physical and natural world. In the context of kindergarten, this exploration allowed the construction of materials, that enriched the space of the room, especially the science area, promoting interactions and participation in this area, as well as providing children with diverse and meaningful learning experiences.

Resumo Introdução: O pé pendente define-se pela incapacidade em elevar o pé por diminuição da força dos músculos dorsiflexores. Para elaborar um plano de tratamento é necessário determinar a sua etiologia. Cabe, assim, ao médico de família reconhecer as situações em que a gestão desta entidade poderá ser feita exclusivamente em cuidados de saúde primários, diferenciando-as das que poderão exigir avaliação e orientação em meio hospitalar. Descrição do Caso: Homem de 71 anos com hipertensão arterial e dislipidemia, medicado com indapamida. Em consulta com o médico de família referia que, há dois dias, havia permanecido sentado por duas horas com a perna direita cruzada sobre o membro inferior contralateral. Ao levantar-se notou dormência do pé direito, o qual não conseguia elevar. À observação apresentava marcha em steppage, com pé direito pendente e diminuição da sensibilidade do dorso do mesmo. Foi pedida eletromiografia, que documentou acentuada lesão axonal do nervo peroneal comum direito abaixo do colo do perónio, compatível com compressão prolongada. Foi submetido a sessões de fisioterapia, demonstrando resolução completa do quadro após três meses. Comentário: A neuropatia do nervo peroneal comum é a causa principal de pé pendente e a terceira neuropatia focal mais frequente, depois do nervo mediano e nervo cubital. A etiologia mais frequente é a compressiva. O local mais afetado é onde o nervo contorna o colo do perónio, manifestando-se por marcha em steppage, consequente à diminuição da força dos músculos dorsiflexores do pé. Embora o diagnóstico seja habitualmente clínico, a maioria dos pacientes requer eletromiografia. O tratamento inicial costuma ser conservador, sendo comum ocorrer resolução das queixas em três meses. Esta é uma condição que poderá ser pouco frequente na prática clínica em medicina geral e familiar, mas cuja abordagem poderá, muitas vezes, ser feita em cuidados de saúde primários. É importante saber tranquilizar os pacientes quanto à semiologia, abordagem terapêutica e prognóstico.

Original Research Phylogenetic relationships within the magnoliid order Piperales have been studied extensively, yet the relationships of the monotypic family Lactoridaceae and the holoparasitic Hydnoraceae to the remainder of the order remain a matter of debate. Since the first confident molecular phylogenetic placement of Hydnoraceae among Piperales, different studies have recovered various contradictory topologies. Most phylogenetic hypotheses were inferred using only a few loci and have had incomplete taxon sampling at the genus level. Based on these results and an online survey of taxonomic opinion, the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group lumped both Hydnoraceae and Lactoridaceae in Aristolochiaceae; however, the latter family continues to have unclear relationships to the aforementioned taxa. Here we present extensive phylogenomic tree reconstructions based on up to 137 loci from all three subcellular genomes for all genera of Piperales. We infer relationships based on a variety of phylogenetic methods, explore instances of phylogenomic discordance between the subcellular genomes, and test alternative topologies. Consistent with these phylogenomic results and a consideration of the principles of phylogenetic classification, we propose to exclude Hydnoraceae and Lactoridaceae from the broad circumscription of Aristolochiaceae, and instead favor recognition of four monophyletic and morphologically well circumscribed families in the perianth-bearing Piperales: Aristolochiaceae, Asaraceae, Hydnoraceae, and Lactoridaceae, with a total of six families in the order info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is a neglected crop native to Africa, with an outstanding potential to contribute to the major challenges in food and nutrition security, as well as in agricultural sustainability. Two major issues regarding cowpea research have been highlighted in recent years—the establishment of core collections and the characterization of landraces—as crucial to the implementation of environmentally resilient and nutrition-sensitive production systems. In this work, we have collected, mapped, and characterized the morphological attributes of 61 cowpea genotypes, from 10 landraces spanning across six agro-ecological zones and three provinces in Mozambique. Our results reveal that local landraces retain a high level of morphological diversity without a specific geographical pattern, suggesting the existence of gene flow. Nevertheless, accessions from one landrace, i.e., Maringué, seem to be the most promising in terms of yield and nutrition-related parameters, and could therefore be integrated into the ongoing conservation and breeding efforts in the region towards the production of elite varieties of cowpea. publishersversion published

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Funding text: This work was supported by funds from Camões, Instituto da Cooperação e da Língua and Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia through the research unit UIDB/00239/2020 (CEF), the PhD grant SFRH/BD/113951/2015 (Ivete Sandra Maquia), and the contribution to the International Rice Research Institute. (1) Aims: Assessing bacterial diversity and plant-growth-promoting functions in the rhizosphere of the native African trees Colophospermum mopane and Combretum apiculatum in three landscapes of the Limpopo National Park (Mozambique), subjected to two fire regimes. (2) Methods: Bacterial communities were identified through Illumina Miseq sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene amplicons, followed by culture dependent methods to isolate plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Plant growth-promoting traits of the cultivable bacterial fraction were further analyzed. To screen for the presence of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the promiscuous tropical legume Vigna unguiculata was used as a trap host. The taxonomy of all purified isolates was genetically verified by 16S rRNA gene Sanger sequencing. (3) Results: Bacterial community results indicated that fire did not drive major changes in bacterial abundance. However, culture-dependent methods allowed the differentiation of bacterial communities between the sampled sites, which were particularly enriched in Proteobacteria with a wide range of plant-beneficial traits, such as plant protection, plant nutrition, and plant growth. Bradyrhizobium was the most frequent symbiotic bacteria trapped in cowpea nodules coexisting with other endophytic bacteria. (4) Conclusion: Although the global analysis did not show significant differences between landscapes or sites with different fire regimes, probably due to the fast recovery of bacterial communities, the isolation of PGPB suggests that the rhizosphere bacteria are driven by the plant species, soil type, and fire regime, and are potentially associated with a wide range of agricultural, environmental, and industrial applications. Thus, the rhizosphere of African savannah ecosystems seems to be an untapped source of bacterial species and strains that should be further exploited for bio-based solutions. publishersversion published

Tese Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior As discussões atreladas à temática ambiental nunca foram tão presentes como na contemporaneidade. Os discursos entrelaçados á essas questões atravessam diferentes espaços e, muitos desses utilizam o verde como subterfúgio para incentivo ao consumo de determinados produtos e/ou serviços. Presencia-se uma massiva e permanente proliferação discursiva que ensina sobre a crise do planeta, mas ao mesmo tempo, estimula o consumo. Com esses atravessamentos, a presente tese, provindo do Programa de Pós Graduação em Educação Ambiental, na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, na linha de pesquisa de Fundamentos da Educação Ambiental, a presente tese tem como cerne a formulação do conceito denominado como Discurso Esverdeante. O problema de pesquisa pairou em analisar como a educação ambiental se fabrica através de um Discurso Esverdeante que circula em nossa atualidade. Os contornos metodológicos se deram através de um portfólio de imagens coletadas em diferentes mídias, junto ao Grupo de Estudos em Educação, Cultura, Ambiente e Filosofia (GEECAF), no período de setembro de 2016 até setembro de 2019. Através dessa composição de imagens que se espalharam e com o aporte teórico de autores como Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari, a escrita buscou fôlego para sustentar e questionar em relação ao que vem sendo ensinado nas massas midiáticas brasileiras. Tais ensinamentos afetam diferentes processos de subjetivação que produzem os sujeitos desse tempo, marcados pela proliferação de Discurso Esverdeante. Esta tese defende a presença de tais discursos e sua produtividade na constituição da Educação Ambiental. Para defesa desse estudo analisou-se duas vertentes basilares a Sustentabilidade e a Ecopolítica, engendradas por uma subjetividade antropocêntrica. A sustentabilidade sendo um conceito muito emblemático na seara ambiental, muitas vezes utilizada indistintamente em diferentes contextos e a ecopolítica, onde além das questões atreladas às políticas da vida, presencia-se uma política concernente às maneiras de se lidar com o planeta. Questiona-se: é possível resistir ao que está dado? Quanto do que se considera ser opinião própria não são verdades dadas, assumidas e que são reproduzidas corriqueiramente? Acompanha-se dos estudos da filosofia da diferença para potencializar o campo da Educação Ambiental e provocar as mais sólidas verdades contemporâneas nessa seara. The discussions linked to the environmental thematic were never as present as in contemporaneity. The discussions interconnected to these issues cross different spaces and, many of these use the greens as an excuse to encourage the consumption of certain products and/or services. It is seen a massive and permanent discursive proliferation that teaches about the crisis around the planet, but at the same time, stimulates consumption. With these crossed matters, this thesis, coming from the Post-Graduation Program of Environmental Education, in the Federal University of Rio Grande, in the research line of The Fundamentals of Environmental Education has its center the making of the concept named Greening Speech (Discurso Esverdeante). The methodological contours were drawn through a portfolio of images collected in different media, along with the Group of Education Studies, Culture, Environment, and Philosophy (GEECAF), from September 2016 to September 2019. Through this composition of images that spread out and with the theoretical input from authors such as Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze, and Félix Guattari the writing kept strong so it could sustain and question when it comes to what has been taught in the Brazilian media masses. Such teachings affect different processes of subjectivation which makes the subject of this period, marked by the proliferation of the Greening Speech. This thesis defends the presence of such speeches and its productivity in the constitution of Environmental Education. For the defense of this study, it was analyzed two fundamental strains to Sustainability and Ecopolitics, grounded by anthropocentric subjectivity. Sustainability, being a very emblematic concept in the environmental field, often used indistinctly in different contexts and the ecopolitics, where besides the questions regarding life politics, it is seen a politics related to ways of handling the planet. It is questioned: Is it possible to refrain from what was already given? How much of what is considered one´s own opinion are not actually given truths that are often acknowledged and reproduced? It is tracked from the studies of philosophy of the difference to overpower the field of Environmental Education and provoke the most solid contemporary truths in this area.

Objetivos: determinar os efeitos de diferentes condições de visualização na proprioceção do membro inferior, equilíbrio e estabilidade postural em jovens adultos saudáveis. Metodologia: este estudo consiste numa investigação observacional, transversal e analítica. Tem como variáveis independentes as condições do input visual; e como variáveis dependentes a proprioceção do membro inferior, o equilíbrio e a estabilidade postural. Foram recrutados 26 jovens saudáveis através de convite direto aos estudantes (deste conjunto dois não compareceram), da Universidade de Aveiro. Seguindo os critérios de inclusão e exclusão para a sua elegibilidade, obteve-se uma amostra de 24 indivíduos. Foram avaliadas em três condições de visualização olhos abertos (OA), visão monocular (MO), olhos fechados (OF); a proprioceção mediante a reprodução de um ângulo articular, usando para tal máquina fotográfica no membro inferior dominante; o equilíbrio foi avaliado com o Y Balance Test (YBT), em duas condições de visualização (OA; MO) e a estabilidade postural foi analisada recorrendo a uma plataforma de forças nas condições de visualização OA, MO, OF. Resultados: os efeitos do input visual causam alterações significativas do ponto de vista estatístico na proprioceção do membro inferior (p-value=0,015) e no valor composto do YBT (pvalue=0,049). Acrescenta-se ainda que existem dois grupos produtores de efeitos diferentes. Um constituído pela condição MO e outro constituído pelas condições OA e OF, e OA respetivamente. Na estabilidade postural os resultados confirmam a inexistência de diferenças, no centro de pressão deslocamento ântero-posterior (CoPX) médio, centro de pressão deslocamento médio-lateral (CoPY) médio, Velocidade do centro de pressão (CoP) média, Área CoP média, Comprimento CoP médio entre as diferentes condições de visualização. Conclusões: os resultados do presente estudo permitem concluir que, indivíduos jovens adultos e saudáveis apresentam melhor proprioceção e equilíbrio dinâmico na condição MO do que nas condições de OA, OF e na condição OA respetivamente. O mesmo não se verifica na estabilidade postural uma vez que não se observaram diferenças entre as três condições. Objective: To determine the effects of different visualization conditions on proprioception in the lower limb, balance and postural stability in young healthy individuals. Methodology: This study consists a observational, cross-sectional analytical investigation. It has as independent variables the conditions of visual input and as dependent variables the proprioception in the lower limb, balance and postural stability. 26 healthy young individuals were recruited through direct invitation to students (of this group two did not attend), from the University of Aveiro. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria for its eligibility a sample of 24 individuals was constituted. The proprioception by the reproduction of on articular joint angle was evaluated in three visualization conditions, open eyes (OE), monocular (MO), closed eyes (CE); using for such a camera at the dominant lower limb. The balance was evaluated with the Y Balance Teste (YBT), in two conditions of visualization (OE, MO). At last the postural stability was analysed resorting to a platform of forces on the OE, MO, CE conditions. Results: The effects of visual input caused statiscally significant alterations on the lower limb proprioception (p-value=0,015) and on YBT complex value (p-value=0,049). Futhermore adding the existence of two groups that produce different. One constituted by MO and other constituted by OE, OC, and OE conditions respectively. On postural stabillity the results confirm the inexistence of differences on the mean of the value anterior- posterior displacement pressure center (CoPX), on the mean of the value of pressure center mid-lateral displacement (CoPY), on the mean of the value velocity CoP, mean CoP area, mean CoP length between the different viewing conditions. Conclusions: The results of the present study allow us to conclude that healthy young adult individuals present better proprioception and dynamic balance in the MO condition than in the OE, CE conditions and OE condition respectively. The same is not true for postural stability since no differences were observed between the three conditions. Mestrado em Fisioterapia

Trabalho apresentado em WASTES: Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities, 5th International Conference, September 4th - 6th, Almada/Caparica, Portugal. The production of biodiesel from the oil fraction of the heterotrophically grown microalga Chlorella protothecoides generated two waste streams: defatted microalga residues and crude glycerol. These wastes were anaerobically digested separately and in admixture to quantify their energy potential. The defatted microalga residues (from the oil extraction process) were shown to be a suitable substrate for anaerobic digestion since they provided a methane yield of 498.4 mL CH4/g volatile solids (VS). On the other hand, because glycerol acted as an inhibitory agent for methanogenesis, anaerobic co-digestion of defatted microalga residues and crude glycerol resulted in the diversification of the produced energy carrier. By using glycerol at a ratio of 1.24 g glycerol/g volatile solids of inoculum in admixture with microalga residues, hydrogen was obtained instead of methane. The resulting yield was 39.9 mL H2/g VS of microalga residues. Based on these results, both effluents can be valorized through simple and sustainable methods in order to recover their energy potential in the form of methane or hydrogen. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Portugal, à semelhança de muitos outros países europeus, não escapou à grave crise económica e financeira e, em 2011, entra em recessão, vendo-se obrigado a pedir auxílio à TROIKA. É neste contexto, e com o objetivo de ultrapassar a desatualização, fragmentação e inconsistência existentes ao nível da normalização contabilística em Portugal para o setor público, promovendo uma maior harmonização contabilística, em que o Estado passa a ser reconhecido como entidade que relata mediante a preparação de demostrações orçamentais e financeiras numa base individual e consolidada, que Portugal procedeu à publicação do Sistema de Normalização Contabilística para as Administrações Públicas (SNC-AP). Com a nova Lei de Enquadramento Orçamental (LEO) e com o SNC-AP, Portugal dá início a uma das mais importantes reformas das finanças públicas. Tendo consciência da complexidade que a plena implementação desta nova reforma representa, e por forma a minimizar os riscos e aumentar a probabilidade de sucesso na sua execução, foram designadas um conjunto de entidades representativas de diferentes setores das administrações públicas para adotar o SNC-AP em fase piloto, durante o ano de 2016. Com o trabalho desenvolvido, pretendemos aferir o grau de implementação do novo referencial contabilístico no subsetor das Instituições de Ensino Superior Público, com referência a 31 de dezembro de 2018. A metodologia adotada foi a qualitativa de natureza interpretativa e permitiu-nos concluir que o processo de transição para o SNC-AP nas Instituições de Ensino Superior Público está em curso, embora se tenha verificado que muitos foram, ou ainda são, os constrangimentos sentidos durante este processo.

Con el objetivo de describir las características clínico-epidemiológicas de la paracoccidioidomicosis, se realizó un estudio descriptivo de los casos diagnosticados por el Servicio de Microbiología Clínica del hospital de adultos Dr. Julio C. Perrando, de la ciudad de Resistencia (Chaco, Argentina). Entre 2011 y 2014 se detectaron 46 casos. En 2013 y 2014 se constató un incremento de la tasa de incidencia de alrededor de 4 veces con respecto a los anos anteriores. La forma crónica fue la predominante, con una media de edad de los pacientes de 53 anos. Del total de ellos, a 39 se les realizaron pruebas serológicas. En 15 de 39 casos, las pruebas serológicas fueron la única herramienta diagnóstica, mientras que en 4 de estos casos con diagnóstico microbiológico, la prueba resultó no reactiva. La inclusión de la paracoccidioidomicosis en el diagnóstico diferencial de pacientes de áreas endémicas que presentan un síndrome infeccioso inespecífico y la aplicación de las herramientas diagnósticas disponibles contribuyen al diagnóstico oportuno, así como a disminuir las secuelas de esta afección y su impacto socioeconómico. In order to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of paracoccidioidomycosis, a descriptive study of all the cases diagnosed by the Clinical Microbiology Service at Dr. Julio C. Perrando hospital in the city of Resistencia (Chaco Province, Argentina) was conducted. Between 2011 and 2014, 46 cases were detected. In the period 2013-2014, an almost 4-fold increase in the incidence rate was detected. The chronic form of the disease was predominant with an average age of 53 years. Serological tests in 39 out of 46 patients were performed. In 15 of 39 patients, serological tests were the only diagnostic tool while in 4 patients with a microbiological diagnosis serological tests were non-reactive. In patients from endemic areas with non-specific infectious syndrome it is important to include paracoccidioidomycosis in the differential diagnosis and to apply all available diagnostic tools to reach a timely diagnosis and to reduce the long-term sequelae and their socio-economic impact.

he anaerobic digestion of a peculiar piggery effluent (PE), with a high organic content (93 g/L), was carry out using olive mill wastewater (OMW) as complementary substrate. From the different tested conditions–[100% PE],[70% PE+ 30% OMW],[50% PE+ 50% OMW],[20% PE+ 80% OMW]–units containing only PE and the lowest proportion of OMW in the mixture (30% OMW), provided the highest biogas volume of about 780 mL (70% CH4). Comparatively, identical quantities of each substrate ([50% PE+ 50% OMW]) generates some gas (320 mL, 60% CH4), understood as the result of an adaptation process by the microbial consortium, while the [20% PE+ 80% OMW] condition provided even less gas volume (120 mL, 6% CH4), probably due to the antimicrobial capacity of the phenolic compounds in OMW, confirming the negative influence of using so high OMW proportion. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Anaerobic digestion of brewery wastewater (BWW), under batch and constant light conditions, provided 70 mL of biogas with 80% CH4 and a COD removal of 64%, corresponding to a yield of 372 m3 biogas/kg COD removed. Additionally, a reddish pigmentation has developed throughout the process due to the growth of purple nonsulphur bacteria (PNSB). Based on morphological, physiological and cultural properties two strains of PNSB belonging to the genus Rhodobacter were isolated. The comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the 16S rRNA genes of the strains with the international databases (NCBI GenBank) made it possible to establish their taxonomical status as Rhodobacter capsulatus and R. azotoformans species. N/A

A hybrid anaerobic reactor (HAR) operated to digest brewery wastewater, complemented with piggery effluent (60% and 40% v/v, respectively), under three hydraulic retention times: HRT: 5.7, 3.0 and 1.0 d. Along the first phase, the biogas of 0.9 LL− 1d− 1 evolved to 1.2 LL− 1d− 1 with a methane content of 77–78%. The HRT reduction to 3 days promoted the production until 2.1 LL− 1d− 1, with methane proportions of 79.5%. The operation with an even lower HRT (1 d) allowed to obtain a higher biogas (2.9 LL− 1d− 1, 79.5% CH4). HAR was successfully applied to the mixture digestion, even with a HRT as low as 1 day. Phenolic compounds with antioxidant capacity in effluent adds value, besides the supply of biogas/methane. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Biomass of microalga Chlorella protothecoides, grown under autotrophic and heterotrophic conditions and subjected to pretreatments, were energetically valorized through anaerobic digestion process according to the substrates: autotrophic algae (A), heterotrophic algae (H), heterotrophic algae extracted (HE), autoclave pretreated heterotrophic algae (HPA), enzyme pretreated heterotrophic algae (HPE), ultrasound pretreated heterotrophic algae (HPU), and inoculum (I). Despite the application of pretreatments, the highest methane production was obtained in the algae extracted digestion with 172 mL CH4, against 153, 126 and 142 mL obtained in HPA, HPE and HPU, respectively. The COD removal capacity was higher in the HPA sample while the TS and VS removal reached higher values in the autotrophic alga. N/A

In Portugal, cattle production increased up to 91,000 t in 2016 (EUROSTAT, 2016) and has been contributing to the increase of methane emissions into the atmosphere. As an appropriate process for the treatment of organic effluents, anaerobic digestion is ideal to minimize this negative impact since it provides the agricultural and energetic valorisation of the substrate through the production of digestate and biogas. Heating, cooling and electricity supply constitute different applications for this energy carrier gas with a relevant social, environmental and economic importance, mainly for the region and neighbouring areas where it is produced. Dairy cow effluent is an example of lignocellulosic biomass, whose recalcitrant compounds, such as lignin and phenols, must be previously hydrolysed and made available for subsequent anaerobic digestion. The use of laccase and hemicellulase may be of great interest as pre-treatment for a wide range of pollutant compounds of effluents. N/A

Brewery wastewater (BWW) was digested anaerobically in mesophilic conditions and batch mode. The presence of a reddish pigmentation associated to the better removal capacity of the BWW digestion (64%), indicates that the treatment and energetic valorisation of an organic effluent can occur at the same time and inside the same unit as the production of a photosynthetic pigment. The reddish pigmentation found in this experiment was mainly attributed to bacteriochlorophyll a, and to carotenoids pigments of the spirilloxantin series (characteristics of purple non-sulfur bacteria). Microbial identification through Next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA genes showed the presence of bacterial genus Rhodobacter in the inoculum and in anaerobic digestion of BWW. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

O presente trabalho parte da interlocução de duas alunas do Programa de Pós-Graduação de Educação Ambiental na Universidade do Rio Grande-RS, que além das elaborações de seus trabalhos individuais em uma tese e dissertação possuem desassossegos em comum, relacionados a algumas searas da Educação Ambiental, dentre esses o reducionismo conceitual entremeado às mulheres e a natureza. Entendemos o antropocentrismo como uma verdade estabelecida. E as mulheres como estão posicionadas nessa relação? Com articulações conceituais sob aporte teórico de autores como Michel Foucault, Friedrich Nietzsche, Leandro Guimarães, Alfredo Veiga-Neto, Rosa Fischer, Mauro Grun e Isabel Carvalho, a escrita tece momentos de pensamento e reflexão sobre o que vem sendo distribuído nas relações mulheres-natureza.

BACKGROUND: Racial disparities in surgical outcomes exist for Black patients with IBD compared to White patients. However, previous studies fail to include other racial/ethnic populations. We hypothesized these disparities exist for Hispanic and Asian patients. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing surgery for IBD using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS- NSQIP) database (2005–2017). Bivariate comparisons and adjusted multivariable regressions were performed to evaluate associations between race and outcomes. RESULTS: Of 23,901 patients with IBD, the racial/ethnic makeup were: 88.7% White, 7.6% Black, 2.4% Hispanic and 1.4% Asian. Overall mean LOS was 8 days (SD 8.2) and significantly varied between groups (8d for White, 10d for Black, 8.5d for Hispanic, and 11.1d for Asian; p

The sector of pig farming in Portugal is looking for sustainable and practical solutions to overcome existing environmental problems caused by very polluting discharges of effluents in rivers and wastewater treatment plants. The anaerobic digestion (AD) is a suitable process used to treat an organic effluent and, simultaneously, provide the agricultural and energetic valorisation of the substrate. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the energetic potential of a piggery effluent, collected in a pig farm with 9,000 animals, estimated in a volume of 900-1,170 m3 d-1. Anaerobic digestion assays were carried out in batch mode, under anaerobic and mesophilic conditions. N/A

This study evaluated the operation of a hybrid anaerobic reactor fed with algal biomass cultivated in effluent from the brewery industry. Three stages of operation were distinguished during the 72 days of semi-continuous functioning of the reactor: Stage 1 (S1), in which algal biomass was used as substrate; Stage 2 (S2), in which 10% (v/v) of the algal biomass was substituted by olive mill wastewater (OMW); and Stage 3 (S3), in which algal biomass was heat pre-treated. During Sl, a loss of solids was observed, with an increment of organic matter in the outlet. The substitution of 10% of the volume of algal biomass by OMW tripled the methane productivity obtained in the previous stage by digestion of pure algal biomass. Heat pre-treatment was not efficient in rupturing the cell wall, and consequently did not have any effect on the increase in biogas production. The complementarity of substrates in the assessed conditions led to better results than the pre-treatment of the algal biomass. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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STRUCTURE analysis of Brachypodium distachyon in Spain. (A) Mean log probability of data LnP(D) over 10 runs for each K value as a function of K (error bars represent standard deviation). (B) Evannoâ s ad hoc statistic; DK as a function of K (PDF 376 kb)

O trabalho parte de uma tese de doutorado em Educação Ambiental e busca problematizar a formação discursiva, muitas vezes, rasa e simplista entrelaçada a temática ambiental. Para a tessitura, utilizou-se da Análise do Discurso inspirando-se em Michel Foucault, não situando previamente as escolhas, mas captando alguns discursos visíveis em relação aos ditos ambientais que circulam e podem atingir diferentes públicos. Para tal, buscou-se através de sites de busca, as imagens relacionadas a Educação Ambiental e, com a composição estimula-se o debate e a problematização dos resultados.

STRUCTURE analysis of Brachypodium distachyon in Spain. (A) Mean log probability of data LnP(D) over 10 runs for each K value as a function of K (error bars represent standard deviation). (B) Evannoâ s ad hoc statistic; DK as a function of K (PDF 376 kb)

O trabalho parte de uma tese de doutorado em Educação Ambiental e busca problematizar a formação discursiva, muitas vezes, rasa e simplista entrelaçada a temática ambiental. Para a tessitura, utilizou-se da Análise do Discurso inspirando-se em Michel Foucault, não situando previamente as escolhas, mas captando alguns discursos visíveis em relação aos ditos ambientais que circulam e podem atingir diferentes públicos. Para tal, buscou-se através de sites de busca, as imagens relacionadas a Educação Ambiental e, com a composição estimula-se o debate e a problematização dos resultados.

Bioclimatic variables significantly associated to genetic diversity in Brachypodium distachyon. A. BIO3. B. BIO8. C. BIO9 (PDF 9255 kb)

Bioclimatic variables significantly associated to genetic diversity in Brachypodium distachyon. A. BIO3. B. BIO8. C. BIO9 (PDF 9255 kb)

NASCER E CRESCER - BIRTH AND GROWTH MEDICAL JOURNAL, Vol 25 (2016): Supplement I: XLV Conferências de Genética Doutor Jacinto Magalhães

The aim of this study was to apply strategy involving the complementary substrate concept during the anaerobic digestion of olive mill wastewater. Microalgae biomass grown in domestic wastewater sewage was used as a complementary substrate. Olive mill wastewater (OMW) anaerobic digestion has been mentioned in the literature as a problematic process, besides other factors, due to the presence of lipids and polyphenols that are considered to be toxic, persistent and recalcitrant in the environment. The toxicity of OMW, associated with phenolic compounds, is classified as secondary metabolic involved in defence/protection functions of plants. Batch experiments were run under mesophilic conditions of temperature to explore the algal influence on OMW degradation and biogas production. Experiments containing 5 and 10% (v/v) of OMW achieved better results and a total phenol removal of 66 and 78% and a biogas production of 0.22 and 0.32 m³ kg-1 total volatile solids were respectively registered. It was confirmed that the drawbacks of OMW characteristics can be overcome by applying the strategy involving a complementary substrate. Moreover, the results indicate that the microalgae biomass is suitable for this purpose., Journal of International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health, Vol 3, No 4 (2016)

Tese de doutoramento, História (Dinâmica do Mundo Contemporâneo), Universidade de Lisboa, com a participação do ISCTE- Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Universidade de Évora, 2017 Submitted by Amelia Janeiro (ajaneiro@reitoria.ul.pt) on 2017-08-11T16:28:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ulsd730774_td_Isabel_Marques.pdf: 2745476 bytes, checksum: 2014a2f03ee04886049cd7492687bff6 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-06T12:11:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ulsd730774_td_Isabel_Marques.pdf: 2745476 bytes, checksum: 2014a2f03ee04886049cd7492687bff6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), SFRH/BD/7532/2010

Tese de Doutoramento em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Teoria e História da Arquitetura, apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa, para obtenção do grau de Doutor. Esta dissertação desenvolve uma análise sobre parte do contexto cultural e tecnológico que contribuiu para o surgimento do pensamento e prática computacional na arquitectura, focando mais especificamente a aproximação do campo científico pela pedagogia do ensino e prática de arquitectura e design entre 1950 e 1970, com base no projecto pedagógico da Hochschule für Gestaltung em Ulm, na Alemanha, (considerado por Kenneth Frampton a Escola mais importante do século XX depois da Bauhaus), local onde convergiram um conjunto de docentes, ideias e trabalhos notáveis deste período. Esta análise, estruturada sequencialmente, considera que a actual utilização de processos de Design computacional em arquitectura compreende conceitos ligados à ciência da computação já iniciados sobretudo na década de 60. Recuando até essa época, tais explorações pioneiras foram marcadas pelo interesse em princípios metodológicos científicos que, com o auxílio dos computadores, foram desenvolvidos em Centros de Investigação, localizados principalmente nos EUA e Reino Unido. Não obstante, esta motivação esteve também presente, uma década antes, na HfG-Ulm, sem o auxílio dos computadores, fundada em 1953 pelo arquitecto suíço Max Bill, encontrando-se pouco estudada. A dissertação pretende assim questionar e demonstrar a relevância da HfG-Ulm no contexto da análise de métodos científicos associados ao projecto, ainda sem a utilização de computadores, argumentando que nesta Escola, através das ideias desenvolvidas por três professores - Tomás Maldonado (Projecto Educativo), Max Bense (Estética da Informação) e Horst Rittel (Metodologia Científica) – criaram-se fundamentos que estão na base das posteriores abordagens computacionais na arquitectura, as quais mais tarde vieram a utilizar a computação não como uma ferramenta de desenho geométrico, mas sim como uma ferramenta de desenho computacional. Algumas destas matérias viriam a ser investigadas e ampliadas anos depois em centros de investigação académicos de departamentos de Arquitectura e Design. O argumento da investigação encontra-se estruturado em três partes: “Pré HfG-Ulm”: a reconstrução do contexto sócio-cultural e filosófico que antecedeu, sustentou e determinou a base teórica da Hochschule für Gestaltung de Ulm; “HfG-Ulm”: a própria génese da Escola; “Post HfG-Ulm”: a sua evolução ideológica, que perante o encerramento inesperado da Escola conduziu à consagração de um projecto incompleto que questionou ideias, a maioria das quais só mais tarde perspectivadas e desenvolvidas. A dissertação contribui para mapear e integrar a HfG-Ulm num contexto mais lato composto por outras Instituições e sistemas de pensamento em emergência, analisando a influência das disciplinas então emergentes da teoria da informação, da Investigação Operacional, e das metodologias científicas no pensamento arquitectónico e na concepção do projecto de arquitectura nas décadas de 50 a 70, revelando contextos culturais, históricos e tecnológicos pouco estudados, que influenciaram o desenvolvimento de uma prática computacional na arquitectura. Para dar resposta às questões levantadas durante a investigação, procedeu-se à análise do material da biblioteca da Escola, encerrada em 1968, que se encontra armazenado no Arquivo e Museu da Hochschule für Gestaltung, sendo que a recolha de material original proveniente desse Arquivo, bem como a realização de entrevistas com teóricos investigadores que leccionaram na HfG-Ulm. A análise de fontes primárias e directas constituem assim dois eixos metodológicos fulcrais do presente trabalho. ABSTRACT: This thesis presents an analysis of the cultural and technological context which led to the emergence of computational thinking and practice in architecture, focussing specifically on how architecture teaching and Design approached science in the period 1950-1970, based on the educational programme at the Hochschule für Gestaltung in Ulm, Germany (considered by Kenneth Frampton to be the most important School in the 20th. century after the Bauhaus), a place where a remarkable set of teachers, ideas and work converged. The analysis, which is structured sequentially, considers that the actual use of computational Design processes in architecture includes concepts associated with computer science which were mainly launched in the 1960s. However, this interest was present, without the use of computers, a decade earlier at HfGUlm, having been introduced in 1953 by the Swiss architect Max Bill, and has been studied very little. Looking back to this period, it can be seen that this pioneering work was defined by an interest in scientific methodological principles later developed, with the aid of computers, in research centres located principally in the USA and the United Kingdom. The thesis therefore aims to demonstrate the relevance of HfG-Ulm by analyzing the scientific methods associated with the project, which did not involve the use of computers, arguing that through the ideas developed by some of the teaching staff - Tomás Maldonado (Education Project), Max Bense (Information Aesthetics) and Horst Rittel (Scientific Methodology) – the School laid the foundations for subsequent computational approaches in architecture which used computation not as a geometric but a computerized Design tool. Some of the material would be investigated and developed years later in research centres associated with higher education Architecture and Design departments. The argument of the research is structured into three sections: “Pre HfG-Ulm”: the reconstruction of the socio-cultural and philosophical context which preceded, supported and determined the theoretical base of the Hochschule für Gestaltung de Ulm; “HfG-Ulm”: the origins of the School; “Post HfG-Ulm”: its ideological evolution which, following the unexpected closure of the School, left an unfinished project which questioned certain ideas, the majority of which were only put into perspective and developed later. The thesis contributes towards mapping out and including HfG-Ulm within a broader context composed of other emerging institutions and systems of thought, analyzing the influence of the new disciplines of information theory, operational research and scientific methodologies in architectural thought and the concept of the architectural project from the 50s to the 70s. It examines cultural, historical and technological contexts that have been studied very little, yet were influential in the development of computational practice in architecture. The analysis is based on material from the School’s library, which closed in 1968, stored in the Hochschule für Gestaltung Archives and Museum. The original material gathered from the Archives, together with interviews with leading figures from the School, constitute the two main strands of the research, which is, to a large extent, based on the analysis of direct primary sources.

A Diabetes Mellitus (DM) é uma doença com grande prevalência, sendo nos países industrializados a primeira causa de cegueira irreversível em indivíduos em idade activa. Causa inúmeras complicações oculares como distúrbios na refracção, cataratas, alterações neuroftalmológicas e retinopatia diabética (RD). Estima-se que 25 a 50% dos pacientes já desenvolveram algum grau de RD 10 anos após o diagnóstico de DM. Após 15 anos do diagnóstico de DM, a percentagem de desenvolvimento de algum grau de RD sobe para 75 a 90% dos pacientes. A RD evolui quase sempre sem quaisquer sintomas visuais, correspondendo a uma diminuição da acuidade visual a um estadio tardio na história natural desta doença. A detecção precoce permite o tratamento em fases adequadas o que se traduz numa diminuição do risco de perda de visão. A detecção e o tratamento precoces e têm como finalidade reduzir a incidência da cegueira por diabetes, tratando-se de um foco na prevenção secundária, sem descurar os outros níveis de prevenção. O Programa Regional de Rastreio da Retinopatia Diabética, do ACES do Baixo Vouga, sediado no Centro de Saúde de Aveiro, abrange todos os utentes diabéticos, realizando exames de controlo anual nos diferentes Centros de Saúde desta região.

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Several important biomolecules are available into anaerobically digested effluents that were obtained from the biodiesel production process using heterotrophically grown microalga Chlorella protothecoides. Defatted microalgae residues and crude glycerol may undergo anaerobic digestion, separately and in admixture, providing methane/hydrogen and a digestate exploitable for agriculture applications. Furthermore, industrial interesting bioactive compounds such as polyphenols provided with antioxidant activity can be obtained. Anaerobic process offers a promising chance and can be advantageously combined with algae lipid-extraction techniques in order to make it more sustainable.

Effluents from intensive pig farms present high nutrient concentration, mainly ammonium, contributing to water eutrophication and pollution. Microalgae ability to deplete inorganic nutrients makes them an efficient effluent bioremediation tool. Scenedesmus obliquus was grown in piggery effluent (without any pretreatment) diluted with tap water at 5%v/v (187±25mg/L N-NH4+) and compared with growth in synthetic Bristol media. A 21-days trial was performed in 1L bubble-column reactors illuminated by fluorescent and LED lamps(3klux). Microalgae growth was monitored through OD540nm, dry weight and Chlorophyll content and also by flow cytometry in terms of autofluorescence read in FL3 channel (>670 nm), cell size (FSC), internal complexity (SSC) and cell membrane integrity (PI). S. obliquus cells have grown slower in pig effluent (mmax=0.13-19d-1) than in Bristol media (mmax=0.46-0.50d-1) although after 15 days the biomass productivity observed for the pig waste cultivation, operated under LED (0.127gL-1d-1) was similar to those attained for the Bristol media after 8 and 12 days (0.130 and 0.129 gL-1d-1 using Fluorescent and LED lights, respectively). The Chlorophyll content was correlated to FL3 autofluorescence, with R2>0.97 for Bristol and R2>0.92 for pig waste cultures. Regarding cell size and complexity, Bristol cultures did not show significant differences along time, while cells grown on pig waste increased, attaining FSC and SSC values similar to those observed for Bristol cultures. However, pig waste led to higher percentage of cells with permeabilised membrane (up to 18%) than Bristol cultures (7%). For pig waste experiments, ammonium removal rates were 95% with final values within legal limits. S. obliquus cultivations proved to be an efficient system for direct piggery effluent bioremediation, attaining biomass productivities similar to those obtained in synthetic media. Using LED lighting enables to reduce the energy consumption while maintaining microalgae growth and bioremediation performance. Scale-up to an outdoor 150L photobioreactor is underway.