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Background Epidemic retinitis occurs seasonally following febrile infections in endemic regions. Rift valley fever (RVF) is endemic to Sudan, with a recent outbreak starting in 2019. Methods Retrospective case series of 3 patients travelling from Sudan with post-febrile retinitis, and with a history and clinical picture suggestive of RVF retinitis. Results The three patients were adult males with underlying medical conditions and underwent fundus fluorescein angiography that confirmed bilateral retinitis and occlusive vasculitis involving the posterior pole. Optical coherence tomography showed distortion of the macular layers. Case 2 presented 1 month following febrile illness and had retinal thinning, with optical coherence tomography angiography showing marked reduction in vessel density. Conclusion We present multimodal imaging data of three cases with presumed RVF retinitis from a recent outbreak in Sudan. The unavailability of standardized methods of testing for RVF, as is the case for most epidemic retinitis-causing pathogens, makes the diagnosis challenging.

Ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) resulting in perioperative vision loss (POVL) is a rare occurrence following nonocular procedures. Bilateral simultaneous anterior ION (AION) is even rarer, and no cases have been reported after central neuraxial block. We report a case of bilateral simultaneous AION, confirmed by multimodal imaging, in a 66-year-old male patient who underwent total knee arthroplasty under epidural anesthesia in which episodes of hypotension—one intraoperatively and one late postoperatively—had occurred. Hypotension is the most common adverse effect to epidural block, and counseling about POVL should extend beyond general anesthesia to include those undergoing procedures with central neuraxial block.

This study designed to evaluate the effected of L-arginine, vitamin E and their combinations on sperms morphology (sperm quality). Twenty (20) male albino mice was included in this study and dividing into four groups (Control group, Vitamin E treated group, L-arginine treated group, and Vitamin E+ L-arginine treated Group). The animals were kept under suitable conditions of temperature (24±2 C) and light program (12-14 hours/ day). Results revealed that mice treated with vitamin E + L-arginine (0.80 ± ) showed a significant (p≤0.05) decrease in numbers of abnormal sperm without head, treatment mice with vitamin E + L-arginine (1.68 ± 0.10) gave a significant decreased in numbers of abnormal sperms without tail, mice treated with vitamin E (1.00 ± 0.38) and (L-arginine + vitamin E) (0.52 ± 0.14) significantly decreased sperms without hook, furthermore mice treated with vitamin E (11.04+1.63) significantly decreased sperms defective head when compared with control groups. the period of experiments were 30 days. The percentages of abnormal sperm morphology were calculated by counting 200 spermatozoa.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, such as infliximab, are highly effective in the management of rheumatoid arthritis; however, these agents are associated with an increased risk of infectious complications. Individuals developing coccidiomycosis pneumonia frequently acquire this while residing in endemic regions. We present a patient with rheumatoid arthritis treated with infliximab who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from coccidiomycosis pneumonia while residing in a non-endemic region near the Texas-Louisiana border and was successfully treated with antifungal therapy. The source for coccidiomycosis was suspected to be from inhalation of pulverized rock dust imported from Arizona. Patients treated with TNF inhibitors may acquire coccidiomycosis infection through fomite dust exposure.