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The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically impacted administration of healthcare including well-child visits and routine vaccinations. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic disruption on childhood health maintenance: well-child visits and scheduled vaccinations. We queried the TRICARE Management Activity’s Military Health System (MHS) database for outpatient well-child visits and vaccinations for all children 0 to 23 months of age eligible for TRICARE healthcare. The median rate of well-child visits, during the COVID-19 period (March 2020–July 2021), was significantly declined for all demographic groups: all ages, parental military ranks, sex, and regions as compared to the pre-COVID-19 period (February 2019–February 2020). Similar to rates of well-child visits, the rate of vaccinations declined during the COVID-19 period as compared to the pre-COVID-19 period for all demographic groups, except children 12–23 months. Rates of well-child visits for military dependent children under 2 years of age were decreased during the 16 month COVID-19 period, with large increases seen in the first 2 months of the pandemic; the consequences of missed well-child visits and vaccination are unknown.

Περιέχει βιβλιογραφία (σ. 76-97). Αριθμός δεδηλωμένων πηγών στη βιβλιογραφία: 269 Διατριβή (διδακτορική) -- Πανεπιστήμιο Κύπρου, Σχολή Κοινωνικών Επιστημών και Επιστημών Αγωγής, Τμήμα Ψυχολογίας, 2020. Η βιβλιοθήκη διαθέτει αντίτυπο της διατριβής σε έντυπη μορφή. Η παρούσα έρευνα, αποσκοπούσε στην εξέταση της σχέσης μεταξύ εκφοβισμού/θυματοποίησης, προσκόλλησης, ανθεκτικότητας και θρησκευτικότητας με την προσαρμοστικότητα οπλιτών θητείας, μέσα στο στρατιωτικό περιβάλλον. Διατυπώθηκαν οι εξής ερευνητικές υποθέσεις: (α) Οι οπλίτες που εμφανίζουν συμπεριφορές εκφοβισμού και θυματοποίησης, ενδέχεται να παρουσιάζουν δυσκολίες στην προσαρμοστικότητά τους, (β) Τα αυξημένα επίπεδα θετικής προσκόλλησης, μπορούν να επενεργήσουν ως παράγοντας που ενισχύει την προσαρμοστικότητα διατηρώντας τη συναισθηματική ισορροπία, (γ) Η ανθεκτικότητα επιδρά άμεσα και διευκολύνει την προσαρμογή των οπλιτών οι οποίοι βρίσκονται σε κατάσταση άγχους και (δ) Η θρησκευτικότητα ως προσωπική σχέση που βιώνουν τα άτομα με τον Θεό, ειδικότερα σε περιόδους ανάγκης και προκλήσεων, επιδρά θετικά στην προσαρμοστικότητα των οπλιτών θητείας. Στην έρευνα, συμμετείχαν σε εθελοντική βάση, 266 οπλίτες θητείας (2017 ΕΣΣΟ) (Ηλικία 18–23 έτη), σε 7 στρατόπεδα της Εθνικής Φρουράς, σε όλη την επικράτεια της ελεύθερης Κύπρου. Συμπληρώθηκαν 6 ερωτηματολόγια αυτοαναφοράς στον πρώτο χρόνο (Τ1=8ος έως 9ος μήνας θητείας) και 4 ερωτηματολόγια αυτοαναφοράς στο δεύτερο χρόνο (Τ2=12ος έως 13ος μήνας θητείας). Συγκεκριμένα, συμπληρώθηκαν και στους δύο χρόνους το Αναθεωρημένο Ερωτηματολόγιο Εκφοβισμού/Θυματοποίησης–BVQ-R, η Κλίμακα Ανθεκτικότητας–CD-RISC 25, το Ερωτηματολόγιο Γενικής Υγείας–GHQ-12 και η Κλίμακα Θετικής Σκέψης – PSΟΜ. Στο χρόνο Τ1, συμπληρώθηκαν επιπλέον το Ερωτηματολόγιο της Προσκόλλησης με τους Γονείς και τους Ομότιμους – IPPA και η Υποκλίμακα Θρησκευτικότητας – NRNSS. Για την εξέταση των προαναφερθεισών υποθέσεων, πραγματοποιήθηκαν αναλύσεις με Μοντέλα Δομικών Εξισώσεων. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν άμεση θετική επίδραση της προσκόλλησης με τη μητέρα, τον πατέρα και τους ομότιμους στην ανθεκτικότητα, κατά το χρόνο Τ1. Η σχέση προσκόλλησης με τον πατέρα, παρουσίασε άμεση θετική επίδραση στην προσαρμοστικότητα κατά το χρόνο Τ1 και η προσκόλληση με τη μητέρα, άμεση αρνητική επίδραση στον εκφοβισμό κατά το χρόνο Τ2. Η προσκόλληση με τους ομότιμους, επίδρασε αρνητικά στις συμπεριφορές εκφοβισμού/θυματοποίησης, δεικνύοντας τον ανασταλτικό της ρόλο στην εκδήλωση αντικοινωνικών συμπεριφορών μεταξύ των οπλιτών. Τα θετικά αποτελέσματα της προσκόλλησης, φάνηκε να επηρέασαν κυρίως έμμεσα την προσαρμοστικότητα στο χρόνο Τ1 και Τ2, μέσω της ενίσχυσης της ανθεκτικότητας. Δηλαδή, η ανθεκτικότητα, επίδρασε άμεσα στην προσαρμοστικότητα και στους δύο χρόνους, μεσολαβώντας μεταξύ της θετικής προσκόλλησης που αναπτύχθηκε από τους οπλίτες προς τους γονείς – ομότιμους τους και της προσαρμοστικότητας. Επίσης, κατά το χρόνο Τ1, η ανθεκτικότητα παρουσιάστηκε να μεσολαβεί των συμπεριφορών εκφοβισμού/θυματοποίησης, παρουσιάζοντας θετική σχέση με τον εκφοβισμό και αρνητική με τη θυματοποίηση. Ειδικότερα, παρά την αρχική υπόθεση ότι ο εκφοβισμός και η θυματοποίηση θα επιδρούσαν αρνητικά στην προσαρμοστικότητα, εντοπίστηκε ότι μόνο η θυματοποίηση επίδρασε αρνητικά στην μεσολαβούσα ανθεκτικότητα Τ1, ενώ ο εκφοβισμός επίδρασε θετικά κατά τον ίδιο χρόνο. Κατά το χρόνο Τ2, ο εκφοβισμός δέχτηκε επίδραση από την προγενέστερη εκφοβιστική συμπεριφορά, ενώ η θυματοποίηση, δέχτηκε επίδραση από την προγενέστερη θυματοποίηση. Επιπλέον, η θυματοποίηση στο χρόνο Τ2, επίδρασε άμεσα στην προσαρμοστικότητα κατά τον ίδιο χρόνο, δεικνύοντας έτσι διάρκεια στις αρνητικές της συνέπειες. Η θρησκευτικότητα, παρουσιάστηκε ως μεσολαβούσα μεταβλητή μεταξύ της σχέσης προσκόλλησης προς τη μητέρα και της προσαρμοστικότητας κατά το χρόνο Τ2. Ουσιαστικά, φάνηκε να διαδραματίζει ρόλο «μακροπρόθεσμης ανθεκτικότητας», υποστηρίζοντας ενδεχομένως την άποψη ότι η θρησκευτικότητα, επηρεάζεται από τη σχέση προσκόλληση μητέρας–παιδιού με θετικά αποτελέσματα στην προσαρμοστικότητά του. The purpose of the current research was to examine the relationship between bullying/victimization, attachment, resilience and religiosity to the adjustment of conscript soldiers within the military environment. The following research hypotheses have been made: (a) Soldiers who present bullying/victimization behaviors may have difficulty in adjustment; (b) Increased levels of positive attachment may act as a factor that enhances adjustment by maintaining emotional balance; (c) Resilience directly affects and facilitates the adjustment of the soldiers who are in anxiety and (d) Religiosity as an individual relationship experienced by persons with God, particularly in times of need and challenges, affects the adjustment of conscripts positively. In the survey, participated (N=266) conscripts (Age 18-23 years) on a voluntary basis, serving in 7 camps of the National Guard, throughout the territory of free Cyprus. Six self-referral questionnaires were filled in time 1 (T1=8th to 9th month) and 4 self-referral questionnaires in time 2 (T2=12th to 13th month). In particular, the Revised Bully/Victim Questionnaire–BVQ-R, the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale–CD-RISC 25, the General Health Questionnaire–GHQ-12 and the Positive State of Mind Scale–PSOM, were completed at both times. At the time 1, the Inventory of Parents and Peer Attachment (IPPA) and the Religion Subscale of the Nonreligious/Nonspiritual Scale (NRNSS), were additionally filled. For the examination of the aforementioned hypotheses, analyzes were performed using Models of Structural Equations. The results showed an immediate positive effect of attachment to the mother, the father and peers on resilience, at time 1. The attachment relationship with the father showed an immediate positive effect on adjustment at time 1 and attachment to the mother, revealed a direct negative effect on bullying at time 2. Attachment to peers has had a negative effect on bullying/victimization behaviors, thus showing its inhibitory role in the occurrence of antisocial attitudes among the soldiers. The positive effects of attachment, appeared to have influenced the adjustment at time 1 and time 2 indirectly, through resilience. That is, resilience, has directly affected adjustment at both times, mediating between the positive attachment developed by the soldiers to their parents-peers and adjustment. Furthermore, at the time 1, resilience appeared to mediate bullying/victimization behaviors, showing a positive relationship to bullying and a negative relationship to victimization. Particularly, despite the initial hypothesis that bullying and victimization would negatively affect adjustment, it was found that only victimization had a negative effect on resilience at time 1, while bullying had a positive effect on the same variable at the same time. At time 2, bullying was affected by the earlier bullying behavior, while victimization seemed to have been affected by previous victimization. Moreover, victimization at time 2, directly affected the adjustment at the same time, thus indicating duration to its negative consequences. Religiosity was presented as a mediating variable between the attachment relationship to the mother and the adjustment at time 2. Substantively, it seemed to play a "long-term resilience" role, perhaps arguing that religion was affected by the maternal-child attachment relationship with positive results in its adjustment.

Weight-based teasing (WBT) by family members is commonly reported among youth and is associated with eating and mood-related psychopathology. Military dependents may be particularly vulnerable to family WBT and its sequelae due to factors associated with their parents&rsquo, careers, such as weight and fitness standards and an emphasis on maintaining one&rsquo, s military appearance, however, no studies to date have examined family WBT and its associations within this population. Therefore, adolescent military dependents at-risk for adult obesity and binge-eating disorder were studied prior to entry in a weight gain prevention trial. Youth completed items from the Weight-Based Victimization Scale (to assess WBT by parents and/or siblings) and measures of psychosocial functioning, including the Beck Depression Inventory-II, The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Social Adjustment Scale. Eating pathology was assessed via the Eating Disorder Examination interview, and height and fasting weight were measured to calculate BMIz. Analyses of covariance, adjusting for relevant covariates including BMIz, were conducted to assess relationships between family WBT, eating pathology, and psychosocial functioning. Participants were 128 adolescent military dependents (mean age: 14.35 years old, 54% female, 42% non-Hispanic White, mean BMIz: 1.95). Nearly half the sample (47.7%) reported family WBT. Adjusting for covariates, including BMIz, family WBT was associated with greater eating pathology, poorer social functioning and self-esteem, and more depressive symptoms (ps &le, 0.02). Among military dependents with overweight and obesity, family WBT is prevalent and may be linked with eating pathology and impaired psychosocial functioning, prospective research is needed to elucidate the temporal nature of these associations.

The Military Housing Privatization Initiative (MHPI) represents a dramatic revision in the construction and maintenance of military housing. Since its inception in 1996, the number of projects has grown exponentially and the learning process has been continuous and steep. This thesis researches the effectiveness of the methods in place at the Department of Defense and Service levels to document, share, and, above all, learn from past experiences. This analysis reviews the cumulative documented lessons from all Services and compares it to the lessons learned within the first jointly partnered privatization project at the Presidio of Monterey (POM) and Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) in Monterey, California. This research showed at least six lessons previously documented within the lessons learned system, which were relearned at the POM/NPS project. Given this data, the lessons learned program is a partial success but overall has a positive impact on the MHPI. The current lessons learned program improves each new privatization project ensuring it does not experience all of the same lessons from previous projects. Only a few lessons seem to slip through the cracks and are repeated even after documentation and distribution. http://archive.org/details/militaryhousingp10945854 Captain, United States Army Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

The purpose of this study is to describe the public private venture programs that are available to the Department of Defense to reduce the present family housing shortage. This study involved the following: (1) Description of the Military Construction Process; (2) Analysis of the problems associated with the military construction process; and (3) Provide a detailed explanation of the publicprivate venture programs along with a description of how to initiate the programs at the base commander level. As a result of this analysis, this study concludes that DoD should continue to promote each publicprivate venture program to increase the supply of acceptable and affordable housing for its military families. http://archive.org/details/annalysisofpubli1094527550 Major, United States Marine Corps Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

The effects of father absence on military children were studied by use of a questionnaire and personal interviews. The sample consisted of U.S. military officers and their dependents stationed at the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA. The study focused on the nature of the absence and how that affected the children's emotional stability and child development. In addition, some coping mechanisms were studied to determine if these aided in coping with separation. (Author) The effects of father absence on military children were studied by use of a questionnaire and personal interviews. The sample consisted of U.S. military officers and their dependents stationed at the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA. The study focused on the nature of the absence and how that affected the children's emotional stability and child development. In addition, some coping mechanisms were studied to determine if these aided in coping with separation. The study concluded that no significant relationship between emotional problems or child development and father absence existed for those in the sample. The coping mechanisms used in the study were found to be of great value in aiding the children and families to deal with separation. http://archive.org/details/fatherabsenceeff1094527050 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.