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Wind drift and evaporation loss (WDEL) of mid-elevation spray application (MESA) and low-elevation spray application (LESA) sprinklers on a center pivot and linear-move irrigation machines are measured and reported to be about 20% and 3%, respectively. It is important to estimate the fraction of WDEL that cools and humidifies the microclimate causing evapotranspiration (ET) suppression, mitigating the measured irrigation system losses. An experiment was conducted in 2018 and 2019 in a commercial spearmint field near Toppenish, Washington. The field was irrigated with an 8-span center pivot equipped with MESA but had three spans that were converted to LESA. All-in-one weather sensors (ATMOS-41) were installed just above the crop canopy in the middle of each MESA and LESA span and nearby but outside of the pivot field (control) to record meteorological parameters on 1 min intervals. The ASCE Penman–Monteith (ASCE-PM) standardized reference equations were used to calculate grass reference evapotranspiration (ETo) from this data on a one-minute basis. A comparison was made for the three phases of before, during, and after the irrigation system passed the in-field ATMOS-41 sensors. In addition, a small unmanned aerial system (UAS) was used to capture 5-band multispectral (ground sampling distance [GSD]: 7 cm/pixel) and thermal infrared images (GSD: 13 cm/pixel) while the center pivot irrigation system was irrigating the field. This imagery data was used to estimate crop evapotranspiration (ETc) using a UAS-METRIC energy balance model. The UAS-METRIC model showed that the estimated ETc under MESA was suppressed by 0.16 mm/day compared to the LESA. Calculating the ETo by the ASCE-PM method showed that the instantaneous ETo rate under the MESA was suppressed between 8% and 18% compared to the LESA. However, as the time of the ET suppression was short, the total amount of the estimated suppressed ET of the MESA was less than 0.5% of the total applied water. Overall, the total reduction in the ET due to the microclimate modifications from wind drift and evaporation losses were small compared to the reported 17% average differences in the irrigation application efficiency between the MESA and the LESA. Therefore, the irrigation application efficiency differences between these two technologies were very large even if the ET suppression by wind drift and evaporation losses was accounted for.

We compare the evolution of binary systems evolved in the MESA stellar evolution code to those in the COSMIC population synthesis code. Our aim is to convey the robustness of the equations that model binary evolution in the COSMIC code, particularly for the cases of high mass stars with closely orbiting compact object companions. Our larger goal is to accurately model the rates of these systems, as they are promising candidates for the progenitor systems behind energetic, longer lasting, radio bright GRB jets. These systems also may be key contributors to the rates of binary black hole mergers throughout our universe., to appear in RNAAS

Lodging occurs when the crop canopy is too heavy for the strength of the stem and it falls over onto the ground. This decreases crop yield and quality, and it makes harvest difficult. A research experiment was set up in a spearmint field on a center pivot with mid elevation spray application (MESA) overhead sprinklers, where the water was applied from a “mid elevation” of 2 m above the ground level (AGL), and low elevation precision application (LEPA) sprinklers, where the water was emitted directly onto the soil surface through drag hoses without wetting the crop canopy. Every-other span of this full-size center pivot was configured with MESA and LEPA sprinklers alternatively. In 2018, imagery was collected with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) from a cross section of this field. In 2019, a cross section was again collected, but in addition UAV imagery was collected from marked lodged and un-lodged areas of the field to validate the lodging detection method. These UAV-based imagery data were captured with a ground sample distance (GSD) of 0.03 m. This research introduces using the texture feature, which is based on image entropy, was used to evaluate the degree of lodging. The results from 2018 showed that the average entropy of the grayscale image from LEPA (5.5 (mean) ± 0.27 (standard deviation)) was significantly (P < 0.0001) greater than the average entropy (5.0 ± 0.25) of MESA. Also, the entropy value extracted from the images in 2019 from the marked un-lodged locations were significantly higher compared to that of the lodged areas. Overall, the LEPA irrigation treatment was significantly less lodged compared to MESA. Moreover, the entropy value, or texture feature, is a viable method for estimating lodging using low altitude RGB imagery.

A star's rotation rate is difficult to estimate without surface inhomogeneities such as dark or bright spots. This paper presents asteroseismic results to determine the rotation rates of $\delta$ Sct-type pulsating primary stars in two eclipsing binary systems, AB Cas and OO Dra. After removing the binarity-induced light variations from the archival TESS data and carefully examining the combination frequencies, we identified 12 independent frequencies for AB Cas and 11 frequencies for OO Dra, with amplitudes higher than $\sim$0.3 mmag, as $\delta$ Sct-type pulsation frequencies excited in each primary star. The theoretical frequencies for seismic analysis were obtained by fully considering the rotation effects. Grid fitting for various stellar properties, such as mass, radius, metallicity, and rotation rate, yielded the best solution for which theoretical frequencies and stellar parameters agreed well with the observations. The rotation rate of the AB Cas primary was tightly constrained to 0.81 $\pm$ 0.01 day$^{-1}$ ($f_{\rm rot} / f_{\rm orb}$ = 1.11$^{+0.01}_{-0.02}$), which is slightly faster than the synchronized rotation. In contrast, the rotation rate of 0.63 $\pm$ 0.01 day$^{-1}$ for the OO Dra primary is lower than the synchronous value of approximately 0.81 day$^{-1}$. Subsynchronous rotation is uncommon in short-period binaries, and its physical mechanism is not yet well understood. Our results show that asteroseismology can be used to precisely measure the rotation rate of fast-rotating $\delta$ Sct stars and thus provide a valuable constraint on rotation-orbit synchronization in close binary systems., Comment: 17 pages, accepted for publication in ApJ

TIC137608661/TYC4544-2658-1/FBS0938+788 is a new sdBV+dM reflection-effect binary discovered by the TESS space mission with an orbital period of 7.21 hours. In addition to the orbital frequency and its harmonics, the Fourier transform of TIC137608661 shows many g-mode pulsation frequencies from the sdB star. The amplitude spectrum is particularly simple to interpret as we immediately see several rotational triplets of equally spaced frequencies. The central frequencies of these triplets are equally spaced in period with a mean period spacing of 270.12 s, corresponding to consecutive l=1 modes. From the mean frequency spacing of 1.25 {\mu}Hz we derive a rotation period of 4.6 days in the deep layers of the sdB star, significantly longer than the orbital period. Among the handful of sdB+dM binaries for which the sdB rotation was measured through asteroseismology, TIC137608661 is the non-synchronized system with both the shortest orbital period and the shortest core rotation period. Only NY Vir has a shorter orbital period but it is synchronized. From a spectroscopic follow-up of TIC137608661 we measure the radial velocities of the sdB star, determine its atmospheric parameters, and estimate the rotation rate at the surface of the star. This measurement allows us to exclude synchronized rotation also in the outer layers and suggests a differential rotation, with the surface rotating faster than the core, as found in few other similar systems. Furthermore, an analysis of the spectral energy distribution of TIC137608661, together with a comparison between sdB pulsation properties and asteroseismic models, gives us further elements to constrain the system., Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Main Journal

The area of the Polická basin is in fault and tectonic structures region. Neotectonic and recent long-term movements occur along the geomorphological systems. Endogenous and exogenous processes are the main reason of tectonic activity in the area. Polická basin and its look is influenced by geomorphological processes and represents a perfect region for the study of active fault structures. This area is influenced by physical-geographic characteristics of the region and reflects with long-term processes which determine the development of this area. Two large systems of Polický and Skalský fault run across the selected area. The course of these systems is confirmed by previous studies, and it is indicated in geological maps. The area of faults crosses is area with the most affected geomorphological elements of the relief. Ostaš, Hejda and Kočičí skaly mesas is greatly influenced by Polický fault zone, mainly due to fault close location to the selected geomorphological surface forms. Result of the fault zones pressure is observed on various structures and their form. During the relief and surface features analysis and examination were used various methods, which confirmed the influence of fault zones. The fracture systems showed the same orientation as the Polický fault orientation (SSE - NNW)....

Background: A coronary artery calcium (CAC) score of zero confers a low but nonzero risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events (CVD) in asymptomatic patient populations, and additional risk stratification is needed to guide preventive interventions. Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors (sTNFR-1 and sTNFR-2) are shed in the context of TNF-alpha signaling and systemic inflammation, which play a role in atherosclerosis and plaque instability. We hypothesized that serum sTNFR-1 concentrations may aid in cardiovascular risk stratification among asymptomatic patients with a CAC score of zero. Methods: We included all participants with CAC=0 and baseline sTNFR-1 measurements from the prospective cohort Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). The primary outcome was a composite CVD event (myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary revascularization, cardiovascular death). Results: The study included 1471 participants (mean age 57.6 years, 64% female), with measured baseline sTNFR-1 ranging from 603 pg/mL to 5544 pg/mL (mean 1294 pg/mL ±378.8 pg/mL). Over a median follow-up of 8.5 years, 37 participants (2.5%) experienced a CVD event. In multivariable analyses adjusted for Framingham Score, doubling of sTNFR-1 was associated with a 3-fold increase in the hazards of CVD (HR 3.0, 95% CI: 1.48- 6.09, P = 0.002), which remained significant after adjusting for traditional CVD risk factors individually (HR 2.29; 95% CI: 1.04-5.06, P=0.04). Doubling of sTNFR-1 was also associated with progression of CAC >100, adjusted for age (OR 2.84, 95% CI: 1.33-6.03, P=0.007). Conclusions: sTNFR-1 concentrations are associated with more CVD events in participants with a CAC score of zero. Utilizing sTNFR-1 measurements may improve cardiovascular risk stratification and guide primary prevention in otherwise low-risk individuals.

We explore the study of energetic transients including core-collapse supernovae using various publicly available analysis tools like MESA & SNEC, MOSFiT and SNCOSMO. We used MESA to evolve a star having zero age main sequence mass (Mzams) of 24 M⊙ until the onset of core-collapse. Then we exploded this model using openly available explosion codes, STELLA & SNEC and obatined various observable parameters such as bolometric luminosity and photospheric velocities etc. We also used MOSFiT to model the light curve of a type Ic supernova, SN1999ex and obtained various physical parameters. SNCOSMO is used for template fitting of various supernovae by varying various parameters such as red shift, dust map, stretch factor of light curve, explosion epoch of supernova etc.

PURPOSE Cardiac computed tomography has a clear clinical role in the evaluation of coronary artery disease and assessment of coronary artery calcium (CAC) but the use of ionizing radiation limits the clinical use. Beam-shaping "bow-tie" filters determine the radiation dose and the effective scan field-of-view diameter (SFOV) by delivering higher X-ray fluence to a region centered at the isocenter. A method for positioning the heart near the isocenter could enable reduced SFOV imaging and reduce dose in cardiac scans. However, a predictive approach to center the heart, the extent to which heart centering can reduce the SFOV, and the associated dose reductions have not been assessed. The purpose of this study is to build a heart-centered patient positioning model, to test whether it reduces the SFOV required for accurate CAC scoring, and to quantify the associated reduction in radiation dose. METHODS The location of 38,184 calcium lesions (3151 studies) in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis was utilized to build a predictive heart-centered positioning model and compare the impact of SFOV on CAC scoring accuracy in heart-centered and conventional body-centered scanning. Then, the positioning model was applied retrospectively to an independent, contemporary cohort of 118 individuals (81 with CAC > 0) at our institution to validate the model's ability to maintain CAC accuracy while reducing the SFOV. In these patients, the reduction in dose associated with a reduced SFOV beam-shaping filter was quantified. RESULTS Heart centering reduced the SFOV diameter 25.7% relative to body centering while maintaining high CAC scoring accuracy (0.82% risk reclassification rate). In our validation cohort, imaging at this reduced SFOV with heart-centered positioning and tailored beam-shaping filtration led to a 26.9% median dose reduction (25-75th percentile: 21.6%-29.8%) without any calcium risk reclassification. CONCLUSIONS Heart-centered patient positioning enables a significant radiation dose reduction while maintaining CAC accuracy.

A rich experimental program is currently being prepared at a new laboratory for high-intensity electron scattering at the Mainz Energy recovering Superconducting Accelerator (MESA). The physics pro...

The MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) is a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored prospective study aimed at studying the prevalence, progression, determinants, and prognostic significance of subclinical cardiovascular disease in a sex-balanced, multiethnic, community-dwelling U.S. cohort. MESA helped usher in an era of noninvasive evaluation of subclinical atherosclerosis presence, burden, and progression for the evaluation of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk, beyond what could be predicted by traditional risk factors alone. Concepts developed in MESA have informed international patient care guidelines, providing new tools to effectively guide public health policy, population screening, and clinical decision-making. MESA is grounded in an open science model that continues to be a beacon for collaborative science. In this review, we detail the original goals of MESA, and describe how the scope of MESA has evolved over time. We highlight 10 significant MESA contributions to cardiovascular medicine, and chart the path forward for MESA in the year 2021 and beyond.

Objectives This study sought to quantify and model conversion of a normal coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan to an abnormal CAC scan. Background Although the absence of CAC is associated with excellent prognosis, progression to CAC >0 confers increased risk. The time interval for repeated scanning remains poorly defined. Methods This study included 3,116 participants from the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) with baseline CAC = 0 and follow-up scans over 10 years after baseline. Prevalence of incident CAC, defined by thresholds of CAC >0, CAC >10, or CAC >100, was calculated and time to progression was derived from a Weibull parametric survival model. Warranty periods were modeled as a function of sex, race/ethnicity, cardiovascular risk, and desired yield of repeated CAC testing. Further analysis was performed of the proportion of coronary events occurring in participants with baseline CAC = 0 that preceded and followed repeated CAC testing at different time intervals. Results Mean participants’ age was 58 ± 9 years, with 63% women, and mean 10-year cardiovascular risk of 14%. Prevalence of CAC >0, CAC >10, and CAC >100 was 53%, 36%, and 8%, respectively, at 10 years. Using a 25% testing yield (number needed to scan [NNS] = 4), the estimated warranty period of CAC >0 varied from 3 to 7 years depending on sex and race/ethnicity. Approximately 15% of participants progressed to CAC >10 in 5 to 8 years, whereas 10-year progression to CAC >100 was rare. Presence of diabetes was associated with significantly shorter warranty period, whereas family history and smoking had small effects. A total of 19% of all 10-year coronary events occurred in CAC = 0 prior to performance of a subsequent scan at 3 to 5 years, whereas detection of new CAC >0 preceded 55% of future events and identified individuals at 3-fold higher risk of coronary events. Conclusions In a large population of individuals with baseline CAC = 0, study data provide a robust estimation of the CAC = 0 warranty period, considering progression to CAC >0, CAC >10, and CAC >100 and its impact on missed versus detectable 10-year coronary heart disease events. Beyond age, sex, race/ethnicity, diabetes also has a significant impact on the warranty period. The study suggests that evidence-based guidance would be to consider rescanning in 3 to 7 years depending on individual demographics and risk profile.

Šių dienų maisto gamintojai, atsižvelgdami į mitybos gerinimo tendencijas, daug dėmesio skiria kuriamų produktų maistinėms savybėms ir virškinamumui. Populiarėja maistinių skaidulų, mažinančių cholesterolio kiekį, palaikančių žarnyno ir širdies veiklą, panaudojimas mėsos produktų gamyboje. Darbe pateikta pramoninių obuolių, žirnių, bulvių skaidulų ir bruknių išspaudų fizikocheminių ir technologinių savybių tyrimo rezultatai. Didžiausią vandens sulaikymo gebą turėjo bulvių (6,3 g vandens/g skaidulų) ir žirnių (6,21 g vandens/g skaidulų) skaidulos, tačiau didžiausią riebalų sulaikymo pajėgumą turėjo bruknių (0,5BR E) išspaudos - 3,13 g riebalų/g išspaudų. Didinant skaidulų koncentraciją mėsos sistemose, virimo nuostoliai sumažėjo nuo 19,77 % (kontrolėje) iki 0,23 % (su bulvių ir žirnių skaidulomis). Bruknių išspaudos (0,2BR E) virimo nuostolius sumažino iki 6,57 % ir didino mėsos sistemų rūgštingumą (0,2 BR) iki 4,22 vertės. Pramoninės obuolių skaidulos pH vertes sumažino iki 5,13 nuo 5,47- kontrolinio bandinio vertės. Didinant skaidulų ir išspaudų koncentraciją bandiniai tamsėjo, o raudonumas, lyginant su kontrole, labiausiai didėjo mėsos bandiniuose su obuolių skaidulomis (nuo 3,22 iki 5,17) ir bruknių išspaudomis (0,2 BR; nuo 2,87 iki 16,61), tačiau pridėjus žirnių skaidulų raudonumas sumažėjo nuo 4,39 iki 3,03. Didinant skaidulų koncentraciją, didėjo gaminių kietumas ir kramtomumas. Kiečiausi buvo bandiniai su 9 % žirnių skaidulomis (37,89 N), o minkščiausi su bruknių išspaudomis (0,5BR 9 % - 18,22 N), Pramoninės obuolių skaidulos kramtomumą didino nuo 2,99 N (kontroliniame) iki 5,22 N, o bruknių šspaudos (0,5BR) nuo 3,02 N iki 5,48 N. Didinant skaidulų ir išspaudų koncentracijas, rišlumas ir elastingumas kito nedaug. Laikymo metu nustatyta, jog antioksidacinis aktyvumas buvo didesnis mėginiuose su bruknių išspaudomis. Vertinant DPPH rodiklį, 21 parą pastebėtas didelis skirtumas tarp kontrolinių mėginių bei mėginių su išspaudomis, kuomet kontroliniame mėginyje antioksidacinis aktyvumas buvo lygus 2,09 %, o mėginiuose su išspaudomis- 22,9 %. TBARS rodiklio pokyčiai parodė suintensyvėjusį antrinių oksidacijos produktų susidarymą kontroliniuose mėginiuose. Pradiniuose laikymo etapuose visų mėginių rezultatai buvo itin panašūs, tačiau ryškus pokytis matomas 21 paroje, kuomet kontroliniame bandinyje malonaldehido koncentracija pasiekė 0,344 mg/kg, o bandinyje su BR0,052 mg/kg. Malonaldehido koncentracija bandiniuose su BR beveik nekito viso laikymo metu. Darbe įvertinta bruknių išspaudų įtaka mėsos gaminių virškinamumui. Didinant išspaudų koncentraciją nevirškintuose bandiniuose, didėjo nesočiųjų RR kiekis, o sočiųjų mažėjo. Virškinimo metu plonajame žarnyne (D60) iš mėsos gaminių (5 % BR) išsiskyrusiuose riebaluose, nesočiųjų riebalų rūgščių kiekis buvo didesnis- 67,1 %, nei kontroliniame bandinyje - 63,24 %. Mononesočiųjų RR kiekis visuose bandiniuose išliko didesnis nei polinesočiųjų. Sočiųjų RR kiekis sumažėjo nuo 36,76 % (kontroliniame) iki 32,90 % (0,5BR 1,5 % ir 0,5BR E 1,5 %). Didinant išspaudų koncentraciją nuo 1,5 % iki 5 % bandiniuose, mažėjo sočiųjų, o padidėjo nesočiųjų RR atpalaidavimas. Po virškinimo plonajame žarnyne (D120), 0,5BR E 1,5 % bandinyje hidrolizuotų baltymų buvo daugiausiai ir siekė 97,7 %. Šiame etape laisvą amino grupę turinčių aminorūgščių kiekis buvo didžiausias 0,5BR 5 % bandinyje ir siekė 1749,56 mM leuc ekv/1g produkto, odidžiausias atpalaiduotų fenolinių junginių kiekis buvo bandinyje 0,5BR 5 % ( 0,81) ir 0,5BR E 5 % (0,8 GRE/g virškintos dešros).Nustatyta gaminių cheminė sudėtis ir skaidulinių medžiagų skaičiavimai parodė, jog paruoštas produktas yra skaidulinių medžiagų šaltinis. Gaminiuose su 5 % bruknių išspaudomis, skaidulų kiekis produkte 1,52 g/ 100 kcal produkto, o remiantis ES Reglamentu 1924/2006, skaidulų kiekis produkte turėtų būti bent 1,5 g/ 100 kcal produkto., Today's food manufacturers, taking into account the trends in the improvement of nutrition, pay great attention to the nutritional properties and digestibility of the products being developed. The use of dietary fiber, which lowers cholesterol, supports the functioning of the intestines and heart, in the production of meat products, is gaining popularity. The work presents the results of the study of the physicochemical and technological properties of industrial apples, peas, potato fibers and lingonberry pomace. Potatoes (6.3 g of water/g fiber) and peas (6.21 g of water/g fiber) had the highest water retention capacity, but lingonberry (0.5BR E) pomace (3.13 g of fat/g of pomace) had the highest fat retention capacity. By increasing the concentration of fiber in meat systems, cooking losses decreased from 19.77 % (control) to 0.23 % (with potato and pea fiber). Lingonberry pomace (0.2BR E) reduced cooking losses to 6.57 % and increased the acidity of meat systems (0.2 BR) to a value of 4.22. The pH of industrial apple fibers was reduced to 5.13 from the 5.47-control value of the control. As the concentration of fibers and pomace increased, the samples darkened and the redness increased the most compared to control in meat samples with apple fiber (3.22 to 5.17) and lingonberry marc (0.2 BR; from 2.87 to 16.61), but with the addition of pea fibers, the redness decreased from 4.39 to 3.03. By increasing the concentration of fiber, the hardness and chewing of products increased. The hardest samples were samples with 9% pea fiber (37.89 N), while the softest with lingonberry marc (0.5BR 9 % - 18.22 N), industrial apple fibers increased chewing from 2.99 N (control) to 5.22 N, and lingonberry pomace (0.5BR) from 3.02 N to 5.48 N. During storage, it was found that antioxidant activity was higher in samples with lingonberry marc. For the DPPH indicator, a significant difference was observed between the control samples and the pomace samples at 21 days, when the antioxidant activity in the control sample was 2.09% and in the samples with the marc in the samples at 22.9%. Changes in the TBARS indicator showed an increase in the formation of secondary oxidation products in the control samples. At the initial storage stages, the results of all samples were very similar, but a significant change was observed on day 21, when the malonaldehyde concentration in the control sample reached 0,344 mg/kg and in the BR-0.052 mg/kg sample. The concentration of malonaldehyde in samples with BR remained almost unchanged throughout storage. The work assessed the influence of lingonberry pomace on the digestibility of meat products. The increase in the concentration of pomace in undigested samples increased unsaturated RR levels and a decrease in saturation. During digestion, fats released from meat products (5 % BR) in the small intestine (D60) had a higher content of unsaturated fatty acids at 67.1% than in the control sample of 63.24%. Monounsaturated RR levels remained higher in all samples than polyunsaturated ones. Saturated RR content decreased from 36.76% (control) to 32.90% (0.5BR 1.5% and 0.5BR E 1.5%). Increasing the concentration of pomace from 1.5 % to 5 % in the samples led to a decrease in saturation and an increase in the release of unsaturated RR. After digestion in the small intestine (D120), 0.5BR E 1.5% of the hydrolyzed proteins in the sample contained the highest hydrolyzed proteins at 97.7%. At this stage, the free amino group had a maximum amino acid content of 0,5BR in 5 % of the sample, reaching 1749,56 mM leuc ekv/1g of the product, while the maximum amount of released phenolic compounds was 0,5BR 5 % ( 0.81) and 0,5BR E 5 % (0.8 GRE/g digested sausage) in the sample. The chemical composition of the products and the calculations of fibers have shown that the prepared product is a source of fiber. In products with 5 % lingonberry marc, the fiber content of the product per 1,52 g/ 100 kcal of the product and, in accordance with EU Regulation 1924/2006, the fiber content of the product should be at least 1,5 g/ 100 kcal of the product.

The intersection of service learning and cultural intelligence has been established a way for engineering students to gain vital formative experience and skills. Project MESA (Making Examinations Safe and Accessible) is a service learning team founded to address the barriers to gynecological screenings in Nicaragua, which are believed to contribute to high cervical cancer incidence. Through this study, the service learning approach of the project is evaluated in its effectiveness in developing cultural intelligence and promoting mastery of the socially engaged design process through team participation. Results showed that students who had greater measures of sentiment for Project MESA displayed higher cultural intelligence. Through a qualitative review, students were also able to identify the major components of socially engaged design. Students who participated in Project MESA also reported that their approach to the engineering design process was enhanced by service learning. Furthermore, students responded to what they felt they were able to gain from participation in the project. A number of themes were identified, the most common of which were prototyping, cultural sensitivity, and partner communications.

Sleep duration is a recognized determinant of mental health, obesity and cardiovascular disease, cognition, and memory across the lifespan. Due to convenience and cost, sleep duration is often measured through self-report; yet, self-reported sleep duration can be highly biased. Actigraphy is a viable alternative as an objective measure of sleep. To analyze this actigraphy data, various sleep evaluation algorithms have been developed using regression methods, with coefficients constructed on minute-by-minute data measured at a specific device placement (wrist or hip). Because activity counts per minute may be affected by various factors in the study (e.g., type of device, sampling frequencies), regression-based algorithms developed within specific populations may not be generalizable to wider use. To address these concerns, we propose a new learning method to obtain robust and consistent sleep duration estimates. First, we identify temporal segments via pruned dynamic programming; then, we develop a calling algorithm with individual-specific thresholds and capture sleep periods. Our proposed method is motivated by and demonstrated in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) Sleep study and the Early Life Exposure in Mexico to ENvironmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) study.

AimsTo investigate associations of health insurance with measures of glucose metabolism, and whether associations vary by diabetes status or insurance type.MethodsCross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Cohort a priori stratified by age

Introducción. El estudio de variables antropométricas y genéticas son fundamentales como determinantes del rendimiento deportivo. Objetivo. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el somatotipo y la frecuencia de genotipo y alelo de 𝜶-actinina 3 (ACTN3) R577X y enzima convertidora de angiotensina (ECA) I/D polimorfismo de jugadores de tenis de mesa chilenos. Método. Se estudiaron 24 tenimesistas varones (edad 22,1 ± 5,4) del ranking nacional de Chile. La obtención de ACTN3 y ECA se recogió por muestra la saliva y se analizaron mediante reacción cadena de la polimerasa convencional. La estructura corporal se caracterizó a través del método del somatotipo propuesto por Carter. A partir de estadísticas descriptiva, se analizaron los valores medios de somatotipo, frecuencia de clasificación y ubicación de somato carta, además, de valores de frecuencia de genotipo y alelo de ACTN3 R/X y ECA I/D polimorfismo de acuerdo con número de aparición y porcentaje.Resultados. Se evidenció un predominio de clasificación mesoendomórfica y endomesomórfica, una mayor frecuencia fenotípica XX con predominio de alelo X para el gen ACTN3 y mayor frecuencia DI con predominio de alelo D para ECA. Conclusión. El somatotipo de tenimesistas chilenos tiene una orientación hacia mesoendomorfía y un predominio XX y alelo X del gen ACTN3 y, predominio del genotipo DI y alelo D del gen ECA, estas características podrían ofrecer una ventaja genética en cuanto a niveles de fuerza y potencia muscular, posiblemente facilitando la práctica y el éxito competitivo en estos tenimesistas chilenos. Abstract. Introduction. The study of anthropometric and genetic variables are essential as determinants of sports performance. Objective. The objective of the study was to determine the somatotype and the frequency of genotype and allele of 𝜶-actinin 3 (ACTN3) R577X and angiotensin converting enzyme (RCT) I / D polymorphism of Chilean table tennis players. Method. 24 male table tennis players (age 22.1 x 5.4) of Chile's national rankings were studied. Obtaining ACTN3 and ACE was collected by sample of saliva and analyzed by polymerase chain in real time. The body structure was characterized through the somatotype method proposed by Carter. From descriptive statistics, the mean values of somatotype, frequency of classification and location of somato letter were analyzed, in addition, of genotype frequency values and allele of ACTN3 R/X and ECA I/D polymorphism according to number of occurrence and percentage. Results. It demonstrated a predominance of mesoendomorphy and endomorphy classification, a higher phenotypic frequency XX with predominance of allele X for the ACTN3 gene and higher frequency of DI allele with predomina D for ACE. Conclusion. The somatotype of Chilean tenimestists has an orientation towards mesoendomorphy and a predominance of the genotype XX and allele X of the ACTN3 gene and, predominance of the DI genotype and allele D of the ACE gene, these characteristics could offer a genetic advantage in terms of strength levels and muscle potency, possibly facilitating practice and competitive success in these Chilean tenimists.

Rationale and objectives Left Atrial (LA) adverse remodeling is an important predictor of morbidity and mortality in several cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Our goals were to quantify and provide reference ranges for LA structure and function using feature tracking cine cardiac magnetic resonance. Materials and methods 2526 participants of the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis study who had feature tracking cine cardiac magnetic resonance derived LA data and were free of atrial fibrillation/flutter and prior CV events at year five follow-up examination (2010–2012) were included in this study. LA phasic indexed volumes: maximum (LAVi max), minimum (LAVi min), and preatrial contraction (LAVi preA); LA empty fractions: total, passive, and active (LAtEF, LApEF, and LAaEF); LA longitudinal strain: maximum and preatrial contraction (S max and S preA); and LA longitudinal strain rate: systolic (SR max) and early/late diastolic (SR e and SR a) were measured. Age, gender, and race/ethnicity-specific reference ranges were identified. Also, reference values in a select subgroup of healthy participants free of traditional CV risk factors at the time of exam date were reported. Results The mean ± SD for LAVi max, LAVi min, LAVi preA, S max, SR e, and SR a were in the 45–65-year-old participants: (33.8 ± 10 mL/m2), (14.5 ± 6.4 mL/m2), (24.8 ± 8.2 mL/m2), (34.6 ± 13.8 %), (−1.4 ± 0.7 s−1), (−2.1 ± 1 s−1) and in the ≥ 65-year-old participants: (35 ± 11.5 mL/m2), (16.6 ± 8.3 mL/m2), (27.6 ± 9.9 mL/m2), (31.2 ± 14.3 %), (−1 ± 0.6 s−1), (−2.1 ± 1 s−1) respectively. Younger individuals had Powered by Editorial Manager and ProduXion Manager from Aries Systems Corporation smaller LA volumes and better LA function compared to their older counterparts. Similar findings were observed in Chinese-Americans as compared to Whites. Conclusion This study provides reference values of LA structure and function parameters from a healthy multiethnic community-based population aged 53–94 years evaluated by FTMRI.

In this brief, a high-performance quasi-vertical GaN Schottky barrier diode (SBD) on sapphire substrate with post-mesa nitridation process is reported, featuring a low damaged sidewall with extremely low leakage current. The fabricated SBD with a drift layer of ${1}~\mu \text{m}$ has achieved a very high ON/ OFF current ratio ( ${I}_{ \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle ON}}/{I}_{ \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle OFF}}{)}$ of $10^{{12}}$ with a low leakage current of $\sim 10^{-{9}}$ A/cm2@-10 V, high forward current density of 5.2 kA/cm2 at 3 V in dc, a low differential specific ON-resistance ( ${R}_{ \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle ON},\text {sp}}{)}$ of 0.3 $\text{m}\Omega \cdot $ cm2, and ideality factor of 1.04. In addition, a transmission-line-pulse (TLP) ${I}$ – ${V}$ test was carried out and 53 kA/cm2 at 30 V in pulsed measurement was obtained without device failure, exhibiting a great potential for high power applications.

Current risk stratification strategies do not fully explain cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We aimed to evaluate the association of low-density lipoprotein (LDL-P) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-P) particles with progression of coronary artery calcium and carotid wall injury. All participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study Atherosclerosis (MESA) with LDL-P and HDL-P measured by ion mobility, coronary artery calcium score (CAC), carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), and carotid plaque data available at Exam 1 and 5 were included in the study. CAC progression was annualized and treated as a categorical or continuous variable. Carotid IMT and plaque progression were treated as continuous variables. Fully adjusted regression models included established CVD risk factors, as well as traditional lipids. Mean (±SD) follow-up duration was 9.6 ± 0.6 years. All LDL-P subclasses as well as large HDL-P at baseline were positively and significantly associated with annualized CAC progression, however, after adjustment for established risk factors and traditional lipids, only the association with medium and very small LDL-P remained significant (β -0.02, p = 0.019 and β 0.01, p = 0.003, per 1 nmol/l increase, respectively). Carotid plaque score progression was positively associated with small and very small LDL-P (p

Zinc is considered protective against atherosclerosis; however, the association between dietary zinc intake and cardiovascular disease remains debated. We investigated whether dietary zinc intake was associated with coronary artery calcium (CAC) progression in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). This analysis included 5186 participants aged 61.9 ± 10.2 years (48.8% men; 41.3% white, 25.0% black, 21.6% Hispanic, and 12.1% Chinese American) from the MESA. Dietary zinc intake was assessed by a self-administered, 120-item food frequency questionnaire at baseline (2000–2002). Baseline and follow-up CAC were measured by computed tomography. CAC progression was defined as CAC > 0 at follow-up for participants with CAC = 0 at baseline; and an annualized change of 10 or percent change of ≥ 10% for those with 0 0.05). In this multiethnic population free of clinically apparent cardiovascular disease, higher dietary zinc intake from non-red meat sources was independently associated with a lower risk of CAC progression. The MESA trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00005487.

Background and aims South Asians (SA) experience disproportionately higher rates of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events than non-Hispanic whites (NHW) and several other Asian groups. The coronary artery calcium (CAC) Agatston score may not capture the unique characteristics of coronary plaque in SA. We therefore evaluated the prevalence and patterns of advanced CAC measures (specific coronary vessel involvement, CAC volume and density) in SA versus other race/ethnicities. Methods We combined data from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) and Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohorts. We used multivariable-adjusted linear regression models to compare advanced CAC measures between SA and other ethnicities. Results Our analyses included 7,625 individuals (810 SA, 2,622 whites, 1,893 African Americans, 1,496 Hispanics, 803 Chinese Americans) with mean (SD) age 62 (10) years and 48% men. In adjusted analyses, compared to NHW, SA had lower overall CAC volume [beta coefficient (95% CI)] [-0.46 (−0.62,-0.29)] but higher overall CAC density [0.14 (0.11,0.18)]. These trends were similar when SA were compared to non-whites (Hispanics, Chinese Americans, and African Americans). SA had higher overall [0.07 (0.03,0.12)] and right coronary artery [0.09 (0.03,0.16)] CAC density compared to non-whites, while CAC volume was not significantly different between these two groups. Conclusions SA have lower CAC volume compared to NHW but similar compared to non-whites. Overall CAC density is higher among SA compared to NHW and non-whites. Future longitudinal studies of ASCVD events are required to confirm the prognostic significance of these findings among SA.

Resumen: Este artículo supone un acercamiento al fenómeno de la emulación social en el ámbito de la alimentación y los objetos que la rodeaban. Para ello se estudian algunas de las obras más representativas de Ramon Llull, Francesc Eiximenis y Vicent Ferrer, quienes criticaron fieramente la moral de los individuos corrientes y humildes que deseaban comer y beber como los ricos. A partir de las percepciones y consideraciones incluidas en sus escritos, se aborda qué aspectos de la alimentación de las élites podían reproducir las clases populares, cómo se difundían las modas alimentarias y por qué todo ello era tan duramente atacado por estos autores. Palabras clave: emulación social, alimentación, materialidad, literatura catalana, Baja Edad Media. Abstract: This essay represents an approach to the phenomenon of social emulation as to feeding and the objects around it. Some of the most representative works by Ramon Llull, Francesc Eiximenis and Vicent Ferrer are studied for this purpose, for they fiercely criticized the moral of those ordinary and humble individuals that wished to eat and drink like the rich. Relying on the perceptions and statements contained in their writings, this essay addresses which aspects of the food of the elites could be reproduced by common people, how food fashions could spread, and why it all was so severely attacked by these authors. Keywords: social emulation, food, materiality, Catalan literature, later Middle Ages.

The present investigation was conducted in the Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre in G. B.Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pant nagar, Uttarakhand, with an objective to elucidate the role of MeSA on antioxidant activity which is significantly corelated with increase in allelopathic and yield potential of rice genotypes. For the study two allelopathic (UPR 2962-6-2-1 and Govind) and another non-allelopathic (UPR 2992-17-3-1) rice genotypes were undertaken and thereafter dealt with MeSA solution at diverse amount (1 mM, 2 mM, and 3 mM). Exogenous treatment of rice (Oryza sativa L.) with MeSA improved its allelopathic probability and led to buildup of additional phenolics, and an increase in gene transcription of enzymatic activities (SOD) Increasing phenolic content and enzymes activities without compromising the yield of the crop plants is necessary for increasing the competitiveness of the genotypes. Antioxidant activity was measured at different growth stages. In the present investigation superoxide dismutase (SOD) was found to be 10-50% enhanced in the rice plants with the application of MeSA . Treatment with MeSA has resulted in increase in antioxidant activity which can be suggested to improve the competitive ability of the genotypes and amongst all the treatments 0.2 mM dose of MeSA has responded best. From our study it is highlighted that the resilient capacity and plasticity of these contrasting genotypes is different in response to MeSA treatments which can further be evaluated and moreover antioxidant activity can be presuppose to be applied as suitable trait in rice weed interaction for sustainable agriculture.

The Mesa Central (MC) of Mexico presents a noticeable feature as is the three-dimensional (3D) deformation of Cenozoic volcanic rocks. To figure out when this unusual deformation began, we constructed a geological map at 1:100,000 scale, with detailed stratigraphy, and thirteen new U-Pb ages in the southern MC. The mapped area is dominated by silicic volcanic rocks with ages from ca. 34.4 Ma to ca. 23.5 Ma affected by coeval normal faulting. An angular unconformity evidences a shift in the deformation style that occurred around 30 Ma, from an NW-trending fault system in domino-style to a polymodal fault system, which also temporally coincided with the emplacement of lava dome complexes. The structural and stratigraphic data give new insight for understanding how the polymodal fault system developed in the southern MC, suggesting that the change in the deformation and volcanism regime played an important role.

Gordon Mumma (b. 1935) composed and performed music with live electronics alone or in collaboration with such central figures as John Cage, David Tudor, or Robert Ashley. This activity, closely lin...

Inlist file to run models presented in Fig. 9 + extension to add the extra additional viscosity to the diffusion coefficient in the equation of angular momentum transport

Simulations of explosive nucleosynthesis in novae predict the production of the radioelement 22Na, a key astronomical observable by its short half-life to constrain nova models. It can also help to explain the observed 22Ne excess in presolar grains and in cosmic rays. At peak novae temperatures, the dominant ER=0.204 MeV resonance of the reaction 22Na(p,y)23Mg has a highly debated strength. An experiment was performed at GANIL to measure the lifetime, spin and proton branching ratio of the Ex=7.785 MeV resonant state in 23Mg*. The reaction 3He(24Mg,⍺)23Mg*, populating the state of interest, was studied with particle detectors (VAMOS, SPIDER) and the gamma tracking spectrometer AGATA. Alpha particles allowed us to reconstruct the excitation energies. By selecting the populated states, Doppler shifted y-ray spectra were analyzed with several Doppler-based methods, including a new one, to measure lifetimes at 1 fs resolution. This led to the development of a new simulation code called EVASIONS. Protons emitted from unbound states were identified and proton branching ratio deduced. A shell-model study gave us clues on the spin of the key state which has a disputed experimental value. The resonance strength was obtained, it is below the sensitivity limit of the direct measurement experiments. A reevaluation of the 22Na(p,y)23Mg rate was obtained with the Monte-Carlo approach. The amount of 22Na ejected during novae was determined with the stellar simulation code MESA. It was shown that 22Na can be used as a tool for quantifying some properties of the underlying novae. We finally estimate the detectability limit of 22Na from novae and the observation frequency of such events with the next generation of gamma-ray space telescopes., Les simulations de la nucléosynthèse dans les novæ prédisent la production du radioélément 22Na, une observable astronomique clé, par sa courte demi-vie, pour contraindre les modèles de novæ. Cette nucléosynthèse peut aussi expliquer l’excès mesuré de 22Ne dans certains grains présolaires et rayons cosmiques. La résonance à 0,204 MeV, dominant la réaction 22Na(p,y)23Mg aux températures des novæ, a une force discutée. Une expérience a été menée au GANIL afin de mesurer la durée de vie, le spin et rapport d’embranchement proton de l’état résonant à Ex=7,785 MeV dans le 23Mg. La réaction 3He(24Mg,⍺)23Mg* a été mesurée avec des détecteurs de particules (VAMOS, SPIDER) et avec le spectromètre gamma AGATA. Les particules alpha ont permis de reconstruire les énergies d’excitation. Sélectionnant les états peuplés, les spectres de raies y décalées Doppler ont été analysés avec plusieurs méthodes, dont une nouvelle, pour mesurer les durées de vie à une résolution de 1 fs. A cette fin, le code de simulation EVASIONS a été développé. Des protons issus d’états non liés ont été identifiés, cela a permis de mesurer le rapport d’embranchement proton de l’état clé. Une étude du modèle en couches permit de déterminer son spin, qui était aussi discuté expérimentalement. La force de résonance clé a été obtenue. Elle est inférieure à la sensibilité des expériences de mesure directe. Le taux de la réaction 22Na(p,y)23Mg a été réévalué avec la méthode Monte-Carlo. En utilisant le code de simulation stellaire MESA, nous avons pu montrer que la quantité éjectée de 22Na pendant les novæ peut être utilisée comme un outil permettant de quantifier certaines propriétés des novæ sous-jacentes. Finalement, nous avons estimé la distance limite de détection de 22Na durant des novæ et la fréquence d’observation de tels événements en utilisant la prochaine génération de télescopes spatiaux à raies y.

Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. BACKGROUND Left atrial (LA) and left ventricular (LV) structural and functional parameters have independent prognostic values as predictors of atrial fibrillation (AF). PURPOSE To investigate the prognostic value of a left atrioventricular coupling index (LACI) and average annualized change in LACI measured by cardiac MRI to predict incident AF in a population-based sample from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). METHODS In a secondary analysis of the prospective Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) study, 1,911 study participants, free of clinically recognized AF and cardiovascular disease at baseline, had LACI assessed with cardiac MRI at baseline (Exam 1, 2000-2002), and ten years later (Exam 5, 2010-2012). LACI was defined as the ratio of LA to LV end-diastolic volumes. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the associations of LACI and average annualized change in LACI (ΔLACI) with incident AF. RESULTS Among the 1,911 participants (mean age 59 ± 9 years and 907 men), 87 incident AF events occurred over 3.9 ± 0.9 years following the second imaging (Exam 5). After adjustment for traditional risk factors, greater LACI and ΔLACI were independently associated with AF (HR 1.69, 95% CI[1.46-1.96] and HR 1.71, 95% CI[1.50-1.94], respectively; both p CONCLUSIONS Atrioventricular coupling (LACI) and coupling change (ΔLACI) were strong predictors for AF in a multi-ethnic population. Both had incremental prognostic value for predicting AF over traditional risk factors, and superior discrimination compared to the CHARGE-AF score and to individual LA or LV parameters. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00005487 Abstract Figure. Kaplan-Meier curves by change in LACI Abstract Figure. Kaplan-Meier curves by ΔLACI and LACI

Introduction Sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity are each independently associated with cardiovascular health (CVH). It is unknown how substituting time in sedentary behavior with sleep or physical activity affects overall CVH. Methods Data for this analysis were taken from the Multi-Ethnic Study on Atherosclerosis Sleep Ancillary Study. Eligible participants (N = 1718) wore Actiwatch accelerometers for 24 h and had at least 3 d of valid accelerometry. The American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 was used to represent the CVH score after excluding the physical activity component, with higher scores indicating more favorable CVH. Isotemporal substitution modeling was conducted to examine the effect of substituting 30 min of sedentary time for an equivalent amount of sleep, light-intensity physical activity (LIPA), or moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Results Substituting 30 min of sedentary time to sleep, LIPA, and MVPA was associated with a significantly higher CVH score [β (95% confidence interval) = 0.077 (0.056), 0.039 (0.033), and 0.485 (0.127), respectively]. Substituting 30 min of sedentary time to sleep was associated with lower body mass index (BMI). Substituting 30 min of sedentary time to LIPA was associated with higher diastolic blood pressure and total cholesterol, and lower BMI. Substituting 30 min of sedentary time to MVPA was associated with lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and lower BMI. Conclusions Sleep, LIPA, and MVPA are all associated with more favorable overall CVH and several key risk factors for cardiovascular disease. These findings underscore the importance of lifestyle modifications in improving CVH.

Background and aims Prevalent valvular calcification (VC) is associated with stroke but little is known about associations of VC progression with stroke. Methods Progression (interval increase >0 Agatston units/year) of aortic valvular calcification (AVC) and mitral annular calcification (MAC) was assessed by two cardiac CTs over a median of 2.4 years. We determined the risk of adjudicated total and ischemic stroke using Cox regression adjusted for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Results We studied 5,539 MESA participants free of baseline CVD and atrial fibrillation. Baseline mean±SD age was 62±10 years; 53% were women; 83% had no progression of VC; 15%, progression at one site (AVC or MAC), and 3%, progression at both sites. Over a median of 12 years, 211 total and 167 ischemic strokes occurred. The number of sites with VC progression (range 0-2) was not associated with total and ischemic stroke (all p>0.05). We found MAC progression to be associated with increased risk of total stroke [adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) 1.59 (1.11, 2.28)] and ischemic stroke [1.64 (1.10, 2.45)]. Results remained significant after further adjustment for baseline coronary artery calcification. After excluding participants with interim atrial fibrillation and coronary heart disease, findings were no longer statistically significant in fully-adjusted models. There was no interaction by age, sex, or race/ethnicity. There was no association with AVC progression and stroke. Conclusions Progression of MAC but not AVC over 2.4 years is associated with increased risk of total and ischemic stroke.

A p-n junction diode with mesa structure by silicon carbide (SiC) has been developed to utilize the avalanche breakdown in an excessed reverse bias condition to clamp the surge voltage in switch-mode power supplies. Static voltage-current correlation by pulsed reverse voltage has been measured. The increase of the breakdown voltage was measured to be 32 volts with increased current density up to 3900 A/cm2. The operational performance in suppressing the surge voltage in a step-down DC/DC converter has been evaluated. A superior performance in suppressing the surge voltage by the SiC p-n junction diode has been confirmed. It was also found that a resonant oscillation induced during clamping period limits the performance. By a circuit analysis with an equivalent circuit model, it was found that a parasitic wiring inductance between the diode and switching element induces the resonance. It was also found that a promising way to mitigate the disturbing effect is to minimize the inductance.

El procedimiento legislativo abreviado en lectura única es una técnica utilizada muy frecuentemente por el legislador, que le permite prescindir de la fase de estudio y debate de las iniciativas legislativas por la Comisión correspondiente. Pese al notable impacto que para el correcto ejercicio del ius in officium de los parlamentarios puede tener la opción por este tipo de trámite legislativo y a la enorme relevancia de las decisiones legislativas que se han adoptado a través de la aplicación del mismo, son todavía escasas las aportaciones doctrinales y jurisprudenciales de las que disponemos para poder categorizar correctamente los elementos nucleares de esta variante procedimental. Este trabajo pretende aportar, en apretada síntesis, las claves fundamentales a las que el operador jurídico, particularmente los órganos de gobierno de las Cámaras, debe atender a la hora de adoptar la decisión de tramitar un proyecto o proposición de ley en lectura única.

Background While studies of the left atrium (LA) have demonstrated associations between volumes and emptying fraction with atrial fibrillation (AF), the contribution of right atrial (RA) abnormalities to incident AF remains poorly understood. Objectives Assess the association between RA structure and function with incident AF using feature-tracking cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). Methods This is a prospective cohort study of all participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis with baseline CMR, sinus rhythm, and free of clinical cardiovascular disease at study initiation. RA volume, strain, and emptying fraction in participants with incident AF (n = 368) were compared against AF-free (n = 2779). Cox proportional-hazards models assessed association between variables. Results Participants were aged 60 ± 10 yrs., 55% female, and followed an average 11.2 years. Individuals developing AF had higher baseline RA maximum volume index (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 24 ± 9 vs 22 ± 8 mL/m2, p = 0.002) and minimum volume index (13 ± 7 vs 12 ± 6 mL/m2, p p = 0.02), peak global strain (34 ± 17% vs 36 ± 19%, p p = 0.049) compared with the AF-free population. After adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and LA volume and function, we found RA maximum volume index (hazards ratio [HR]: 1.13 per SD, p = 0.041) and minimum volume index (HR: 1.12 per SD, p = 0.037) were independently associated with incident AF. Conclusions In a large multiethnic population, higher RA volume indices were independently associated with incident AF after adjustment for conventional cardiovascular risk factors and LA parameters. It is unclear if this predictive value persists when additional adjustment is made for ventricular parameters.

Dark current behaviors of the 2.6 gm cutoff wavelength In0,83Ga 0,17 As photodetectors are investigated as a function of the mesa etching depth. The total dark current monotonically declines from 2.0x10 -6 A/cm 2 to 8.3x10 -7 A/cm 2 at 180 K and -10 mV as the mesa etching depth decreases from 2.6 to 0.9 gm. Meanwhile, an order of magnitude lower surface leakage current from 4.56 to 0.47 nA/cm, and a narrower statistical distribution are observed simultaneously. Moreover, the 300 K peak detectivity and quantum efficiency increase from 2.6x10 11 to 5.4x10 11 cmHz 1/2 /W and from 67.1% to 71.2%, respectively, as the mesa etching depth decreases from 2.6 to 0.9 gm, benefit from the lateral carrier collection effect. These results suggest shallow mesa structures are indispensable towards surface leakage free In0,83Ga 0,17 As photodetectors.

SummaryThe development of de novo DNA synthesis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA sequencing and molecular cloning gave researchers unprecedented control over DNA and DNA-mediated processes. To reduce the error probabilities of these techniques, DNA composition has to adhere to method-dependent restrictions. To comply with such restrictions, a synthetic DNA fragment is often adjusted manually or by using custom-made scripts. In this article, we present MESA (Mosla Error Simulator), a web application for the assessment of DNA fragments based on limitations of DNA synthesis, amplification, cloning, sequencing methods and biological restrictions of host organisms. Furthermore, MESA can be used to simulate errors during synthesis, PCR, storage and sequencing processes.Availability and implementationMESA is available at mesa.mosla.de, with the source code available at github.com/umr-ds/mesa_dna_sim.Contactdominik.heider@uni-marburg.deSupplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Cross-sectionally measured NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) is related to incident dementia. However, data linking changes in NT-proBNP to risk of future dementia are lacking. We aimed to examine the association of change in NT-proBNP over 3.2 years with incident dementia. We included 4563 participants in MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) prospective cohort who were free of cardiovascular disease at enrollment, had NT-proBNP level measured at MESA exams 1 (baseline, 2000–2002) and 3 (2004–2005), and had no diagnosis of dementia before exam 3. The association of change in NT-proBNP level between MESA exams 1 through 3 and all-cause hospitalized dementia (by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision , codes) after MESA exam 3 (2004–2005) through 2015 was assessed using competing-risks Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. During 45 522 person-years of follow-up, 223 dementia cases were documented. Increase in log-NT-proBNP from MESA exams 1 through 3 was positively associated with incidence of dementia (multivariable hazard ratio, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.001–1.64]; P =0.049). An increase of at least 25% in NT-proBNP level from MESA exam 1 through 3 was associated with a 55% ( P =0.02) increase in the risk of dementia in multivariable analysis. Addition of temporal NT-proBNP change to a model including risk factors and baseline NT-proBNP improved the prediction of dementia (Harrell C statistic from 0.85 to 0.87, P =0.049). Increase in NT-proBNP is independently associated with future all-cause hospitalized dementia and offers a moderately better predictive performance for risk of dementia compared with risk factors and baseline NT-proBNP. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00005487.

Objectives: Urinary incontinence (UI) can affect up to 50% of the population of women over the age of 50. In order to objectively assess discomfort in women with UI prior to initiating treatment and monitoring the outcomes of the treatment, validated questionnaires need to be used to examine the impact of UI on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). The Urogenital Distress Inventory — Short Form (UDI-6) and the Medical Epidemiologic and Social Aspects of Ageing (MESA) questionnaires are used typically. Assessment of the Polish translation of the MESA and UDI-6 questionnaires. Material and methods: 155 patients with symptoms of UI were enrolled. Each of the patients completed the MESA and UDI questionnaires prior to being examined. The final diagnosis was made after diagnostic tests were carried out in the patients. Results: Principle component analysis showed division of the Polish versions of the questionnaires into domains identical to the original version. Analyses of internal consistency reliability revealed high internal consistency for the MESA questionnaire (0.90) and a low reliability of the UDI-6 questionnaire (0.44). Conclusions: The Polish version of the MESA questionnaire was demonstrated to be a clinically useful diagnostic tool in the studied population, UDI-6 did not reached a sufficiently high reliability in the study group to be recommended as a diagnostic tool.

[ES] Este proyecto presenta la creación de una familia de mobiliario (mesas) multifuncional y creativa basada en el concepto y la forma de la Luna. El desarrollo del proyecto contempla: los diseños técnicos, 3D, planos y maqueta. Además se llevará a cabo el diseño de la campaña publicitaria, mediante un vídeo y carteles que transmitan el mensaje deseado. El objetivo es crear una colección de muebles sostenible, funcional y estética., [EN] This project presents the creation of a family of furniture (tables) that are based on the concept of the Moon, are multifunctional and creative. During the development of the project has been: the technical designs, 3D, plans and mock-up will be carried out. In addition, the design of the advertising campaign will be carried out, by means of a video and posters that transmit the desired message. The aim is to create a sustainable, functional and aesthetic furniture collection.

Pendiente Pendiente

SRP plans construction of a new irrigation pipeline along the south side of Lehi Road, necessitating the relocation of water and gas service lines by the City of Mesa. A Class III cultural resources survey of the project area was conducted prior to ground-disturbing activities associated with the service line relocations (Marshall 2020). Despite the negative results of the pedestrian survey, the previous records review demonstrated the potential for significant buried deposits in the project area. First, three or four prehistoric canal alignments are plotted as crossing the project area or in proximity to it (Howard and Huckleberry 1991). Second, there is potential for unreported buried prehistoric and historic remains in the area. Multiple prehistoric sites are situated in proximity to the Lehi area. Desert Archaeology completed archaeological monitoring of excavations to relocate water and gas service lines along Lehi Road between SR 202 and the SRP South Canal in Mesa, Arizona. Despite a negative results cultural resources survey (Marshall 2020), monitoring was conducted because prehistoric irrigation canals are plotted in the area and there is potential for unreported buried prehistoric and historic remains. Thirty-four trench excavations were monitored during the project. No significant cultural resources were identified during monitoring. Desert Archaeology, Inc. recommends that no further archaeological work is required for this project. However, should future ground-disturbing activities be conducted in this locale, the City of Mesa should be notified so that potential impacts can be evaluated.

BACKGROUND: Aortic arch calcium (AAC), which is frequently detected on ungated lung computed tomography (CT) due to a large field of view, can serve as a marker of subclinical atherosclerotic burden. Our study sought to validate novel cardiac screening metrics of subclinical atherosclerosis by evaluating the inter- and intra-observer reproducibility of AAC measurements with ungated lung CT. METHODS: The authors randomly selected 100 ungated lung CT scans from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis cohort. A Bland-Altman plot analysis was used to test inter- and intra-reader reproducibility, after measuring the total arch calcium score and arch calcium volume. RESULTS: The intra-reader reproducibility for the total arch calcium score and arch calcium volume in all subjects was excellent at 99% and 97%, respectively. The inter-reader reproducibility for the total arch calcium score and volume in all subjects was similarly excellent at 97% and 96%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The high reproducibility of ungated lung CT suggests a potential new method of stratifying the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk among patients undergoing lung CT without requiring additional scanning. This methodology helps promote routine reporting of AAC and coronary artery calcium based on millions of ungated CT images acquired for lung screening purposes.

Revised November 2022. UP is seeking authority from the Board to construct and operate approximately 6.0 miles of new rail line in Maricopa County, Arizona (Docket No. FD 36501). The proposed rail line would connect UP’s Phoenix Subdivision main line track to industrial properties southeast of the Phoenix-Mesa Gateway Airport via a single-track rail line accompanied by segments of support track. UP also proposes to construct and operate approximately 4.0 miles of new support track along the main line between Power Road and Ellsworth Road. This project is referred to as the PIRATE project. The purpose of the PIRATE rail line is to meet the transportation and logistics needs of existing and future manufacturing businesses within the Pecos Advanced Manufacturing Zone and adjacent areas. The Board’s Office of Environmental Analysis (OEA) identified two reasonable alternatives (Alternatives 1 and 2) that meet the purpose and need for the PIRATE rail line. Alternatives 1 and 2 include new support track along the Phoenix Subdivision main line track and a shared alignment between the new wye connection at the main line and Ellsworth Road. East of Ellsworth Road, Alternative 1 continues directly east while Alternative 2 follows an east-west alignment about 0.25 mile south of Alternative 1.