Search

Objectives This multi-centre study aimed to establish whether a glass-hybrid restorative system has clinical outcomes comparable to a nano- hybrid resin composite 4-year after the restoration of moderate to large twosurface cavities. Methods The study had a longitudinal (4 years follow-up), multicentric (dental schools in Zagreb, Croatia ; Milan, Italy ; Izmir, Turkey, and Belgrade, Serbia), and split-mouth design. A total of 180 patients requiring two restorations on molar teeth in the same jaw were recruited in each centre and a total of 360 two- surface restorations were placed: each patient received a glass-hybrid restoration (EQUIA Forte, GC, Japan) and a resin composite restoration (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar, Liechtenstein). Each restoration was independently evaluated by two clinicians at baseline, after one, two, three and four years. Aesthetic, functional, and biological performance was scored using FDI-2 criteria and compared using a nonparametric sign test. Survival curves for both materials were compared using the stratified test for matched pairs (p0.05). Regarding the performance of the restorations according to the FDI-2 criteria, there were no statistically significant differences between the materials for biological performance (overall biological performance excellent/very good scores EQUIA Forte 90.7%, Tetric EvoCeram 89.8%). The functional properties showed no statistically significant differences at 4- year recall (overall functional scores excellent/very good EQUIA Forte 58.3%, Tetric EvoCeram 55.6%). Regarding the aesthetic criteria, EQUIA Forte has shown significantly better performance p

Objectives Although new formulations of glass- ionomer (GI) restorative materials have been introduced, little is known on their performances in primary dentition. The aim of the study was to evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of a glass-hybrid (GH), high- viscous (HV-) and resin-modified (RM-) GI restoratives to sound (SD) and caries-affected (CAD) primary dentine. Methods Occlusal cavities were prepared in 60 primary molars and randomly divided into two groups: SD and CAD. Teeth (n=6) were restored with a GH (Equia Forte HT, GC Int- EF), two HV-GI (Equia Fill, GC Int- E ; Ketac Molar, 3M ESPE- KM), and two RM-GI (Fuji II LC, GC Int- II, Photac Fill, 3M ESPE- PF) materials. Samples were immersed in artificial saliva at 37°C for 7 days, and subsequently exposed to the thermal aging (10.000×). Twelve microspecimens per group were formed and allowed to age in artificial saliva at 37°C for 7 days. µTBS was tested at loading rate of 0.5 mm/min until failure. Mode of failure was analyzed using an optical digital microscope (magnification 300×). Results The overall bond strength was higher for SD than for CAD (p0.05, chi-square test). Conclusions Novel restorative formulations are likely to provide better bonding properties to both sound and caries-affected primary dentine compared to the previous generations of GI materials.

Aim: The objective of this study was to compare the clinical performance of a glass hybrid restorative system, EQUIA Forte, with a nano-hybrid resin com- posite, Tetric EvoCeram, in moderate to large class II cavities after 3-year follow up. Materials and Methods: A total of 360 two-surface restorations were placed in four dental schools: Zagreb, Croatia ; Milan, Italy ; Izmir, Turkey, and Belgrade, Serbia. Patients (n=180) in need of 2 restorations in the molar region of the same jaw received one glass hybrid restoration (EQUIA Forte, GC) and one resin composite restoration (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent). After the cavity preparation, restorations were placed in bulk for the glass hybrid material and in 2-mm incremental layers for the resin composite with a two-step self-adhesive system. Clinical performances were assessed by two independent evaluators in each center according to the FDI-2 criteria for aesthetic, functional and biological properties at the baseline, after one, two and three years. To test the performance of the restorative materials, equality of survival curves was tested using a stratified test for matched pairs and the FDI-2 criteria were compared using a sign test. Results: No significant differences in survival rates between EQUIA Forte (90.8%) and Tetric EvoCeram (93.1%) were ob- served at the 3-year recall (p>0.05). No statistical differences could be detected between the properties of glass hybrid restor- ative system and the nano-hybrid resin composite except for one of the functional properties- fracture of the material and retention, with resin composite showing slightly better clinical scores (p

Purpose: To compare the clinical performance of a glass hybrid restorative system, EQUIA Forte, with that of a nanohybrid resin composite, Tetric EvoCeram, in two-surface class II cavities. Materials and Methods: This multicenter, randomized controlled clinical study was conducted at four different dental schools. In total, 360 restorations were placed in patients in need of two class-II, two-surface restorations in the molar region of the same jaw. Each patient received one glass hybrid restoration (EQUIA Forte, GC) and one resin composite restoration (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent). Two independent evaluators performed a clinical evaluation of each site after 1 week (baseline), 1 year, and 2 years using the criteria of the FDI World Dental Federation (FDI-2). Results: The estimated survival rates at the 2-year recall were 93.6% and 94.5% for EQUIA Forte and Tetric EvoCeram, respectively. There were no significant differences in the survival rates or in any of the evaluated esthetic, functional or biological properties between EQUIA Forte and Tetric EvoCeram restorations (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Both the glass-hybrid restorative system and nanohybrid resin composite showed good clinical performance in moderate to large two-surface class II restorations in a 2-year follow-up.

We report of a 39 years old male patient who was admitted to hospital for a surgical treatment of endocarditis of the prosthetic aortic valve. Just after surgery, he had developed a severe inflammatory response with acute kidney and liver injury. Because of that, beside the usual therapy, on the second postoperative day, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) started in CVVHDF mode with hemadsorption using Cytosorb. The Cytosorb therapy is based on an extracorporeal blood purification that reduces excessive levels of inflammatory mediators. After 5 days of CRRT and Cytosorb therapy patient was stable, extubated, with normal kidney and liver function. On the next day, patient was unstable again with significant leukocytosis. Performed reoperation was done due to cardiac tamponade and after that CRRT and Cytosorb therapy were re-established. A few hours later patient was hemodynamically stable. Summary: The Cytosorb treatment can be very useful in postoperative treatment of acute kidney injury and sepsis in patients after the surgical treatment of bacterial endocarditis.

Heart transplantation is a method of choice for the surgical treatment of a terminal stage of cardiac insufficiency. The lack of donors that all health systems in the world are experiencing has led to the intensive development of devices for permanent mechanical support of circulation. Implantable devices, such as the LVAD circulation pump, are widely accepted as a therapeutic option for improving the quality of life and survival of patients with terminal heart failure. Indications for incorporation include bridge to transplant (BTT), bridge to candidacy (BTC) and destination therapy (DT). The article presents a case of successful surgical treatment of terminal heart failure. The patient was implanted with a circular support device for left heart chamber for the maintenance of vital parameters and bridging the period to heart transplantation.

Purpose: The objective was to assess the effect of fissure depth and enamel surface preparation protocols on penetration of resin-based, giomer and glass-ionomer fissure sealants. Materials and Methods: Ninety extracted third molars were assigned into three groups according to the material used. All three groups were subsequently divided depending on tooth preparation: no pretreatment or surface preparation with 10% polyacrylic acid, 37% phosphoric acid, or self-etching adhesive. In addition, Er,Cr:YSGG laser or air abrasion were employed in all subgroups. The penetration was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. Results: The groups that were pretreated with an appropriate acid resulted in superior penetration of glass-ionomer and resin-based sealants when compared with other surface preparation protocols (p lt 0.05). The exception was teeth treated with both air abrasion and acid etching. Both preparation protocol and fissure depth significantly affected the sealant penetration (p lt 0.05), but fissure depth had a greater impact on fissure penetration than did enamel surface pretreatment. Conclusion: All investigated materials exhibit similar properties regarding sealant penetration. Penetration of a fissure sealant is significantly influenced by the fissure depth. In regard to enamel surface preparation protocol, a pretreatment with phosphoric acid in resin-based and polyacrylic acid in glass-ionomers appears to be essential in obtaining the adequate penetration of a sealing material.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical performance of a glass hybrid material, EQUIA Forte restorative system versus a resin composite, Tetric EvoCeram after two-year follow up. Two-surface restorations in the molar region in a split- mouth design were evaluated. Methods: This clinical study was conducted in four different dental schools: Zagreb, Croatia ; Milan, Italy ; Izmir, Turkey and Belgrade, Serbia. Patients (n=180) in need of 2 two-surface restorations in the molar region of the same jaw received one glass hybrid restoration (EQUIA Forte, GC) and one resin composite restoration (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent). After cavity preparation, restorations were placed in bulk for the glass hybrid and in 2-mm incremental layers for the resin composite. The restorations were evaluated by two independent evaluators in each centre according to the FDI-2 criteria for aesthetic, functional and biological properties at baseline and two years. Statistical analysis was performed using a sign test (p0.05). However, statistically significant difference between two investigated restorative materials was found for one of the functional properties, fracture of material and retention with composite restorations showing more clinically excellent scores in comparison to glass hybrid system (p

Background/Aim. The main task of endodontic treatment is to eliminate pathologically altered tissue, to disinfect root canal space and to obtain its three-dimensional hermetic obturation.The main purpose of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial activity of new endodontic nano-structured highly active calcium silicates based materials albo-mineral plyoxide carbonate aggregate (ALBO-MPCA) and calcium silicates (CS) in comparison to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA+) and UltraCal XS (CH). Methods. The antimicrobial activity of materials was tested against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 14506) strains, and following clinical isolates: Rothia dentocariosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus vestibularis using a double layer agar diffusion test. The pH measurements were performed using the pH meter. Total amount of released ions was determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Results. All tested materials showed the best antibacterial potential after 1 h of incubation. After 3h and 24h of the incubation period, the antibacterial potential of all tested materials were similar. The Agar diffusion test showed that ALBO-MPCA, CS and MTA+ had similar inhibition zones (p > 0.05), except in the activity against Staphylococcus aureus where ALBO-MPCA showed better antimicrobial properties than MTA+ in 3h and 24h of the incubation period (p < 0.05). Following 24h of the incubation, the inhibition zones were the strongest with CH against Staphylococcus aureus (16.67 ± 2.34 mm) followed by ALBO-MPCA (14.67 ± 1.21 mm) and the weakest with CS against Enterococcus faecalis (6.50 ± 1.76 mm). CH showed the highest pH, followed by ALBO-MPCA, CS and MTA+. Conclusion. The expressed antibacterial effects indicate that materials based on nano-structured highly active calcium silicates represent effective therapeutic agents for root canal obturation in one-visit apexification treatment, therefore they are recommend for further examination and clinical trials as they are proposed for MTAsubstitution. Uvod/Cilj. Osnovni cilj endodonskog lečenja je eliminacija patološki izmenjenog tkiva, eliminacija infekcije korensko kanala i njegovo hermetičko trodimenzionalno zatvaranje. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se proceni antibakterijska aktivnost novih endodontskih nano-strukturiranih materijala na bazi visoko aktivnih kalcijum silikata albo-mineral polyoxide carbonate aggregate (ALBO-MPCA) i calcium silicates (CS) u odnosu na mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA+) i UltraCal XS (CH). Metode. Testirana je antibakterijska aktivnost materijala protiv Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) i Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 14506), kao i kliničkih izolata: Rothia dentocariosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus anginosus i Streptococcus vestibularis pomoću agar difuzionog testa. Merenja pH vrednosti obavljena su korišćenjem pH metra. Ukupan iznos oslobođenih jona određivan je pomoću ICP-OES. Rezultati. Svi testirani materijali pokazali su najbolji antibakterijski efekat nakon 1 h od inkubacije. Nakon 3 h i 24 h od inkubacije, antibakterijski efekat svih testiranih materijala bio je sličan. Agar difuzioni test pokazao je da materijali ALBOMPCA, CS i MTA+ ispoljavaju slične zone inhibicije rasta (p > 0.05) osim u slučaju Staphylococcus aureus, gde je materijal ALBO-MPCA pokazao bolje antibakterijsko dejstvo nego MTA+ nakon 3 h i 24 h od inkubacije (p < 0.05). Nakon 24 h od inkubacije, zone inhibicije su bile najizraženije u slučaju materijala CS protiv Staphylococcus aureus (16.67 ± 2.34 mm), zatim ALBO-MPCA (14.67 ± 1.21 mm), a najslabije u slučaju CS protiv Enterococcus faecalis (6.50±1.76 mm). Materijal CH ispoljio je najveću pH vrednost, zatim ALBOMPCA, CS i MTA+. Zaključak. Ispoljeni antibakterijski efekti ukazuju na to da materijali na bazi visoko aktivnih kalcijum silikata mogu da predstavljaju efikasnu zamenu za MTA u terapiji zuba sa nezavršenim rastom korena u jednoj poseti, te se stoga preporučuju za dalja klinička ispitivanja.

Objectives: The aim of this multi-center split-mouth study was to evaluate the clinical performance of a bulk fill glass hybrid material in comparison to a resin composite after one year. Methods: One hundred eighty patients (Croatia (n=60), Turkey (n=60), Italy (n=30), Serbia (n=30)) having two moderate or large size Class II restorations/caries lesions were included in the study. A total of 360 cavities were randomly restored with either Equia Forte (GC Corp, Japan, n=180) or Tetric EvoCeram (Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein, n=180) in a split-mouth design. After cavity preparation following conventional procedures, the teeth were restored using sectional matrices and one of the tested materials. In the glass hybrid group, a cavity conditioner (GC) was used before the bulk-fill placement of Equia Forte Fil. After hardening of the material, Equia Forte Coat (GC) was applied. In the composite group, an adhesive system (AdheSE, Ivoclar Vivadent) was used before incremental placement of Tetric EvoCeram. Standard digital photographs were taken before, at baseline and at 1- year recall. The restorations were evaluated by two independent, experimented and e-calibrated clinicians according to the FDI criteria. For that purpose, aesthetic, functional and biological properties were evaluated. McNemar test was used to compare the baseline with the 1-year scores and Cochran Q test was used to evaluate the differences between centers. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the restorative materials regarding aesthetic, functional and biological properties (p>0.05). Furthermore, there were no differences between the FDI criteria at baseline and at 1-year recall in any of the centers (p>0.05). Conclusions: Equia Forte and Tetric EvoCeram were equally successful in moderate to large size Class II restorations after 1-year clinical evaluation.

Uvod: Stomatološki rad sa osobama sa autizmom svakodnevna je potreba pacijenata i profesionalni izazov za stomatologe. I pored mnogobrojnih istraživanja, angažovanja mnogih multidisciplinarnih timova još uvek ne postoji precizan protokol za svakodnevni stomatološki rad. TEACCH predstavlja specifičnu tehniku pristupa deci sa autizmom, i može biti kvalitetno prilagođena uslovima stomatološke ordinacije.

Bioactive potential of apigenin derivative apigenin-7-O-glucoside related to its antifungal activity on Candida spp. and cytotoxic effect on colon cancer cells was studied and compared with bioactive potential of apigenin. Antifungal activity was tested on 14 different isolates of Candida spp. using membrane permeability assay, measuring inhibition of reactive oxidative species and inhibition of CYP51 C. albicans enzyme. Cytotoxic potential of apigenin-7-O-glucoside was tested on colon cancer HCT116 cells by measuring cell viability, apoptosis rate and apoptosis- and colon cancer-related gene expression. Obtained results indicated considerable antifungal activity of apigenin-7-O-glucoside towards all Candida isolates. Breakdown of C. albicans plasma membrane was achieved upon treatment with apigenin-7-O-glucoside for shorter period of time then with apigenin. Reduction of intra- and extracellular reactive oxidative species was achieved with minimum inhibitory concentrations of both compounds, suggesting that reactive oxidative species inhibition could be a mechanism of antifungal action. None of the compounds exhibited binding affinity to C. albicans CYP51 protein. Besides, apigenin-7-O-glucoside was more effective compared to apigenin in reduction of cell's viability and induction of cell death of HCT116 cells. Treatment with both compounds resulted in chromatin condensation, apoptotic bodies formation and apoptotic genes expression in HCT116 cells, but the apigenin-7-O-glucoside required a lower concentration to achieve the same effect. Compounds apigenin-7-O-glucoside and apigenin displayed prominent antifungal potential and cytotoxic effect on HCT116 cells. However, our results showed that apigenin-7-O-glucoside has more potent activity compared to apigenin in all assays that we used., EXCLI Journal; 16:Doc795; ISSN 1611-2156

The aim of this study was to analyze and emphasize the importance of contemporary pharmacy which enabled development of modern health care system in Jagodina district in Serbia. Material and method: The research was descriptive, document analysis methods, desk analysis of secondary data and of historical synthesis were used. It covered the historical period from the 12th century till the modern age. The first owner of the pharmacy in Serbia in XIX century was Anton Delini in 1813. The first pharmacy in Jagodina was founded by Mr. Djordje Krstic on August 22nd, 1852 and it was very important for the health care development in Jagodina district. Conclusions: Pioneers in the development of pharmacy in Jagodina had an important impact on the socio-economic and cultural development of this region., Cilj istraživanja je analiza i isticanje početka razvoja modernog apotekarstva koje je uticalo na razvoj zdravstvene svesti u Jagodini. Materijal i metod: istraživanje je po tipu opisno, korišćene su metode dokumentacione analize, desk analiza sekundarnih podataka i sinteza istorijskih činjenica. Posmatrani istorijski period je od XII veka do savremenog doba. Rezultati: Vlasnik prve apoteke u Srbiji u 19. veku (1813) bio je Anton Delini. Apotekar Đorđe Krstić je 22. avgusta 1852. godine otvorio prvu apoteku u Jagodini. Zaključak: Otvaranje prvih apoteka predstavljao je važan korak u oblasti razvoja zdravstvene kulture u Pomoravskom okrugu. Na taj način je omogućen razvoj farmacije i savremene medicine. Pioniri apotekarstva su ostavili veliki trag na socijalno-ekonomski i kulturološki razvoj sredine u kojoj su živeli i radili.

The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antifungal activity of four commercial essential oils from the Burseraceae family - two Boswellia carterii Flueck oils, Canarium luzonicum (Blume) A. Gray oil, and Commiphora myrrha (Nees) Engl oil, against most common Candida spp. recovered from the human oral cavity. The essential oil samples were analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS. The analysis showed that major essential oils' components were α-pinene (23.04 % and 31.84 %), limonene (45.62 %) and curzerene (34.65 %), respectively. Minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum fungicidal (MFC) concentrations were determined using a microdilution standardized technique. All tested Candida spp. clinical isolates and ATCC strains showed susceptibility to tested essential oils in a dose dependent manner. The strongest antifungal activity was shown by essential oil of B. carterii, sample 2; the average MIC values ranged from 1.25 to 1.34 mg/ml, and MFC values ranged from 2.50 to 3.75 mg/ml, depending on the fungus. This study supports the possible use of essential oils from the Bursecaceae family in reduction and elimination of Candida spp. populations in patients with oral cavity fungal infections., EXCLI Journal; 15:Doc280; ISSN 1611-2156

The objective of this in vitro study was to compare microtensile bond strength of fiber reinforced composite and particulate filler composite to coronal and pulp chamber floor dentin using self- etching adhesive system. Forty human molar teeth, were divided into two experimental groups (n = 20 per group). In the first group, coronal dentin was exposed by cutting of occlusal enamel with the Isomet saw. In the second group, pulp chamber floor dentin was exposed by trepanation, after which chemo- mechanical instrumentation and root canal filling were performed. These two groups were further subdivided into two groups (n=10) according to the type of composite: fiber reinforced composite (everX Posterior, GC, Tokyo, Japan, ) and particulate filler composite (G- aenial Posterior, GC, Tokyo, Japan). A self-etching adhesive system (G-aenial Bond, GC, Tokyo, Japan) was used for all specimens. In the group with exposed coronal dentin, 5 mm high composite blocks were built up with each of the tested composites. In the group with exposed pulp chamber floor dentin, composite resin blocks were built to the level of occlusal surface. Each specimen was serially sectioned to obtain sticks with a cross- sectional area of 1 mm2, and microtensile bond strength test was performed (Figure 1). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA test at level of significance set at 5%. Microtensile bond strength values were significantly higher for coronal dentin in comparison to pulp chamber floor dentin (p0.05), (Figure 2). Only the adhesive type of failure was observed in all four experimental groups. Higher microtensile bond strength values were observed for coronal dentin than for pulp chamber floor dentin. Fiber reinforeced and particulate filler composite performed similarly regarding the microtensile bond strength.

Bioactive glasses are often used nanomaterials in tissue engineering of bone and soft tissue. Many newly synthesized materials for applications in medicine and dentistry are based on these bioactive substances. Bioactive glass is usually used as a scaffold or as an implant coating on implants and it allows fast formation of apatite layer with positive effect on osteoblasts proliferation. These biomaterials play an important role in dentistry and endodontics. This study is mostly part of the monograph titled 'Nanomedicine, the Greatest Challenge of the 21st Century', that for two years has received attention from professional and scientific community in various fields. Information presented in this paper highlight structural characteristics of bioactive glasses that have a significant role in bone tissue engineering., Bioaktivna stakla su nanomaterijali koji se dosta često koriste u inženjerstvu koštanih i mekih tkiva. Brojni novosintetisani materijali za primenu u medicini i stomatologiji se baziraju upravo na ovim bioaktivnim supstancama. Bioaktivno staklo se najčešće koristi kao skafold ili prevlaka na implantatima, i omogućava brzo formiranje apatitnog sloja, odnosno povoljno utiče na proliferaciju osteoblasta. Značaj ovih biomaterijala za primenu u stomatologiji i endodonciji zaslužuje posebno mesto, pa će im zato u okviru ovog rada biti posvećena posebna pažnja. I ovaj rad je najvećim delom sastavni deo monografije pod nazivom 'Nanomedicina, najveći izazov 21. veka', koja je već dve godine u žiži interesovanja stručne i naučne javnosti iz različitih oblasti. Informacije predstavljene u radu su vrlo značajne za teorijsko osvetljavanje značaja i strukturnih odlika bioaktivnih stakala, koji su od neprocenjivog značaja za inženjerstvo koštanih tkiva.

Introduction It has been suggested that asthmatic patients may have a higher risk for oral diseases, both as a result of the medical condition and effects of medications. Objective The aim of the study was to determine the oral health status of children with asthma and to evaluate the oral health parameters according to the medications and severity of the disease. Methods The study group consisted of 158 children with asthma and 100 healthy control subjects aged 2-18 years. The diagnosis of dental caries was performed using the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT/dmft) criteria. The oral hygiene, periodontal status and gingival health were assessed with the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (Greene-Vermillion), Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs and Gingival Index (Loe-Silness), respectively. Results Thirty (19%) patients with asthma and 43 (43%) healthy children were caries-free (p lt 0.001). There were no significant differences between asthmatic and control children in caries experience (for children with asthma mean DMFT=2.1±}1.8, mean dmft=4.2±}3.3; for healthy children mean DMFT=2.5±}0.9, mean dmft=5.2±}1.3). Level of asthma control did not have influence on dental health, while dose of inhaled corticosteroid had impact on primary dentition. Periodontal status and gingival health did not differ between asthmatic and control children. However, children with asthma had poorer oral hygiene (p lt 0.001). Conclusion Results of the study do not show a relationship between asthma and oral diseases. However, further improvement could be made in educating children and parents on the importance of good oral hygiene and prevention of oral diseases., Uvod Stavovi o oralnom zdravlju dece obolele od astme još nisu usaglašeni, a mogući nepovoljni uticaji lekova koji se koriste u lečenju nisu potpuno definisani. Cilj rada Cilj rada je bio da se utvrdi stanje oralnog zdravlja dece obolele od astme i ispita povezanost primene lekova i stepena kontrole bolesti na pojavu oralnih oboljenja kod ove dece. Metode rada U istraživanje je uključeno 158 dece obolele od astme i 100 zdrave dece uzrasta 2-18 godina kod koje je analizirano stanje oralnog zdravlja. Ispitani su: zastupljenost oboljenja zuba (indeks KEP/kep), stanje gingive (Loe-Silnesov gingivalni indeks), zastupljenost parodontalnih oboljenja (zajednički parodontalni indeks) i nivo oralne higijene (Grin-Vermilionov indeks). Rezultati Tridesetoro dece obolele od astme (19,0%) i 43 zdrave dece (43,0%) imalo je sve zdrave zube (p lt 0,001). Prosečna zastupljenost karijesa kod zdravih ispitanika(prosečna vrednost indeksa KEP bila je 2,5±}0,9, a indeksa kep 5,2±}1,3) i dece obolele od astme (prosečna vrednost indeksa KEP bila je 2,1±}1,8, a indeksa kep 4,2±}3,3) bila je bez značajne razlike. Stepen kontrole astme nije uticao na zdravlje zuba, dok je doza inhalacionih kortikosteroida pokazala uticaj u mlečnoj denticiji. Parodontalni status i zdravlje gingive nisu se razlikovali između dece obolele od astme i zdravih ispitanika. Deca obolela od astme imala su značajno lošiju higijenu usta i zuba (p lt 0,001). Zaključak Rezultati istraživanja ne ukazuju na povezanost astme i oralnih oboljenja kod dece. Loša higijena usta i zuba kod dece obolele od astme ukazuje na potrebu dodatne edukacije i primene posebnih programa prevencije, kako bi se rizici za nastanak ovih oboljenja sveli na najmanju meru.

The aim of this study was to examine the differential capacity of isolated dental pulp stem cells (SHED) cultured onto four different scaffold materials. The differential potential of isolated SHED was examined on the following scaffolds: porous hydroxyapatite (pHAP) alone or combined with three polymers [polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), alginate, and ethylene vinylacetate / ethylene vinylversatate (EVA/EVV)]. SHED were isolated by outgrowth method and characterized by the flow cytometry. Viability of cells grown with scaffolds was assessed by MTT and LDH assays. No significant cytotoxic effect of any of the tested materials was shown. Staining with alizarin red and estimated alkaline phosphatase activity to identify differentiation, demonstrated osteoblastic phenotype of SHED and newly deposited and mineralized extra cellular matrix (ECM) in presence of all tested scaffolds. The developed ECM seen at scanning electronic micrographs additionally confirmed the osteogenic differentiation and biocompatibility between cells and materials. In summary, all studied biomaterials are suitable carriers for proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 350-357, 2015.

M30 M33

Background. Procedural sedation is a technique of administering sedatives or dissociative agents with or without analgesics to induce a state of consciousness that allows the patient to tolerate unpleasant procedures while maintaining cardiorespiratory function. Short-acting sedatives, anesthetics and analgesics along with non-invasive monitoring enable safely performing of this technique in a variety of hospital settings and early discharge two hours after procedure. Case report. We present a technique of procedural sedation and analgesia in the outpatient setting for performing esophagogastroduodenoscopy in patient with terminal renal insufficiency who was on dialysis and liver cirrhosis. Conclusion. Procedural sedation and analgesia for esophagogastroduodenoscopy can be safely performed by a combination of fentanyl and propofol, which enables its use in patients with impaired renal and hepatic function. Careful titration of propofol provides a moderate level of sedation and safe and efficient procedure performing., Uvod. Proceduralna sedacija predstavlja tehniku primene sedativa i disocijativnih lekova, sa ili bez analgetika, u cilju promene stanja svesti koje bolesniku omogućava da toleriše neprijatne procedure, a da se pri tome ne narušava kardiorespiratorna funkcija. Za izvođenje ove vrste sedacije koriste se sedativi, analgetici i anestetici sa kratkim delovanjem, što uz neinvazivni monitoring, omogućava njeno bezbedno izvođenje u različitim bolničkim uslovima i rani otpust bolesnika, dva sata nakon procedure. Prikaz slučaja. U radu je prikazana tehnika proceduralne sedacije i analgezije u ambulantnim uslovima za izvođenje ezofagogastroduodenoskopije kod bolesnika sa terminalnom bubrežnom insuficijencijom koji je na programu dijalize i cirozom jetre. Zaključak. Proceduralna sedacija i analgezija za ezofagogastroduodenoskopiju se bezbedno izvodi kombinacijom fentanila i propofola, što omogućava njenu primenu i kod bolesnika sa umanjenom funkcijom jetre i bubrega. Pažljiva titracija propofola obezbeđuje umeren nivo sedacije i bezbedno i efikasno izvođenje procedure.

Introduction/Aim. Avulsions are severe dental injuries with high impact on patients' quality of life due to prolonged treatment and possible severe complications. The aim of the study was to analyze the epidemiological factors related to the occurrence, treatment and outcome of avulsions in Serbian children. Methods. This research included 2,194 patients aged 1-18 years with traumatic dental injuries. The history, demographic, clinical and radiographic data of the patients were observed from dental medical records. Results. A total of 266 avulsions were observed in 207 patients. The frequency of avulsions was 12% in primary dentition and 5% in permanent dentition. A statistically significant relationship between place, cause of avulsion and outcome was observed. Replantation of permanent teeth was performed in 46.7% with a mean time 6.9 h. Almost a half of permanently avulsed teeth (48.7%) were not retrieved from the accident site and 11.3% of replanted teeth were transported in adequate media. The observed incidence of complications was 31.9%. Conclusions. Re- plantation was not performed in more than a half of all eligible teeth due to either loss or inadequate/delayed transport, which emphasizes the need for preventive strategies and health education in population., Uvod/Cilj. Avulzije spadaju među najteže povrede zuba kod dece i utiču na njihov psihosocijalni razvoj zbog dugotrajne terapije i mogućih teških komplikacija. Cilj istraživanja bio je analiza epidemioloških faktora povezanih sa nastankom, terapijom i ishodom avulzija kod dece u Srbiji. Metode. Ovo istraživanje obuhvatilo je 2 194 ispitanika uzrasta 1-18 godina sa povredama zuba. Podaci su dobijeni iz kartona povreda i stomatoloških kartona, a obuhvatali su: anamnestičke podatke, demografske podatke, podatke iz kliničkog i radiološkog pregleda. Rezultati. Zabeleženo je ukupno 266 avulzija kod 207 ispitanika. Učestalost avulzija u mlečnoj denticiji iznosila je 12%, a u stalnoj 5%. Uočena je statistički značajna povezanost između mesta, uzroka povrede i ishoda avulzije. Replantacija stalnih zuba je izvršena kod 46,7% ispitanika sa prosečnim vremenom 6,9 h. Skoro polovina svih avulziranih stalnih zuba (48,7%) nije donešena sa mesta povrede, dok je svega 11,3% replantiranih zuba donešeno u adekvatnom medijumu. Učestalost komplikacija iznosila je 31,9%. Zaključak. Replantacija nije vršena kod više od polovine raspoloživih avulziranih zuba zbog neadekvatnog transporta ili zakasnelog dolaska kod stomatologa, što ukazuje na hitnu potrebu za izradom preventivnih strategija i zdravstveno-vaspitnim radom unutar populacije.

Uvod: Karotidna endarterektomija je preventivna operacija kojom se smanjuje rizik nastanka moždanog udara. Ona može biti izvedena u uslovima opšte (OA) ili regionalne anestezije (RA). Cilj ovog rada je da ispita uticaj anestezioloških tehnika na perioperativni morbiditet i mortalitet u karotidnoj hirurgiji. Materijal i metod: U ovu studiju su bila uključena 1098 konsekutivna bolesnika kod kojih je na Institutu za kardiovaskularne bolesti Kliničkog Centra Srbije izmedju 2004. i 2009. godine učinjena operacija na karotidnim arterijama (773 operisanih u regionalnoj anesteziji i 325 operisanih u opštoj anesteziji). Od 2007. do 2009. godine bolesnici su praćeni prospektivno, a od 2004. do 2007. retrospektivnim pregledom istorija bolesti. Rezultati: Nije bilo statistički značajne razlike u mortalitetu izmedju dve grupe bolesnika (0,9% OA vs. 0,4%RA, p>0,05). Nije bilo značajne razlike u incidenci neuroloških komplikacija (2,1% OA vs. 1,1%, RA p>0,05) i incidenci infarkta miokarda (0,3% OA vs. 0,4% LA, p>0.05). Nije bilo značajne razlike u dužini klemovanja karotidne arterije (17 min. OA vs. 16 min. RA, p>0,05) i incidenci palsiranja intraluminalnog šanta (11,1% OA vs. 11,1% RA, p>0,05). Broj plućnih komplikacija je bio značajno veći kod bolesnika operisanih u opštoj anesteziji (0,9% OA vs. 0% RA, p0.05). Vreme do prve doze postoperativnog analgetika je bilo značajno kraće kod bolesnika operisanih u opštoj anesteziji (60 min. OA vs 150 min. RA, p0,05), incidence of neurological complication (2,1% GA vs. 1,1% RA, p>0,05), myocardial infarction (0,3% GA vs. 0,4% RA, p>0,05) and carotid clamping time (17 min. GA vs. 16 min. RA, p>0,05). There were significant differences in total operating time (100 min. GA vs. 90 min. RA, p0,05) and number of reinterventions (0,6% GA vs. 1,0% RA, p>0,05). Conclusions: Type of anesthesia does not affect the outcome of surgical treatment of carotid disease. However, it should be stressed that fewer respiratory complications, shorter operating time, later requirement for first postoperative analgesic and awake patient who can continue oral therapy early after surgery, give priority to regional techniques of anesthesia. None of the perioperative risk factors was showed as independent predictor of worse outcome.

Besides being the ultimate driving force for photosynthesis and its important regulatory factor, solar light is also a major source of stress to photosynthetic organisms. The efficiency of the light induced damage increases with the wavelength decrease. Thus, from natural sunlight that reaches the Earth, the UV-A and UV-B (290-320 nm and 320 - 400 nm, respectively) spectral ranges have the highest damaging potential for photosynthetic organisms, mostly due to the UV-induced production of highly harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as oxygen free radicals. The UV-induced oxygen free radicals production in aqueous suspensions of thylakoids (isolated photosynthetic organelles form spinach leaves), was investigated in this work by using the EPR-spin-trapping method. Two spin-traps, 5-diethoxyphosphoryl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DEPMPO) and 5-tert-butoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (BMPO), were used for the simultaneous detection of various free radicals, as a consequence of UV-A, -B and -C irradiation. Hydroxyl- and superoxide-anion-radicals make the majority of the created species.

The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of peppermint Mentha piperita L. GC / MS techniques confirmed the presence of the 48 components of which menthol (35.57 %) and menthone (22.50 %) were the most abundant. Antimicrobial activity, ie the minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal / fungicidal (MIC, MBC/MFC) concentrations were obtained using the mikordilution method against pathogenic microorganism isolated from the oral cavity (8 bacteria and 58 Candida sp.) and referent strains. The essential oil of peppermint showed good antimicrobial activity with MIC from 0.63 to 5 mg / ml and 0.13 to 0.5 for bacteria and fungi and MBC 1.25 to 10 mg / ml , ie. MFC 0.5-1 mg / ml. Compared to Hexoral®, peppermint essential oil has a very strong antimicrobial potential. The results of these tests give a new value, which will enrich the knowledge of peppermint oil od presented chemical composition, opens the door for further research towards its use in dentistry and as well in prevention and treatment of various diseases caused by tested pathogens. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita hemijski sastav i antimikrobna aktivnost etarskog ulja pitome nane Mentha piperita L. GC/MS analizom utvrđeno je prisustvo ukupno 48 komponenata od koji su mentol (35.57 %) i menton (22.50 %) bile najzastupljenije. Antimikobna aktivnost tj minimalne inhibitorne i minimalne baktericidne/fungicidne (MIC, MBC/MFC) koncentracije dobijene su mikordilucionom metodom na patogene mikoorganizme izolovane iz usne duplje (8 bakterija i 58 Candida spp.) i referentne sojeve. Etarsko ulje pitome nane je pokazalo dobru antimikrobnu aktivnost, sa MIC 0.63-5 mg/ml i 0.13-0.5 za bakterije i gljive i MBC 1.25-10.0 mg/ml tj. MFC 0.5-1.0 mg/ml. U poređenju sa Hexoralom®, etarsko ulje pitome nane je posedovalo veoma jak antimikrobni potencijal. Rezultati ovih ispitivanja daju novu vrednost, koja će obogatiti saznanja o etarskom ulju pitome nane poznatog hemijskog sastava i otvarati vrata za dalja istraživanja ka korišćenju njenog etarskog ulja kao prirodnog terapeutskog preparata u stomatologiji, kako u preventivi tako i u tretmanima raznih oboljenja biljaka, životinja i ljudi. Projekat ministarstva br. OI 173032

The genus Rosa comprises more than 200 species appreciated for their use in perfume and cosmetic industry. The aim of this study was to investigate chemical composition, antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Rosa centifolia L. essential oil, in an attempt to contribute to the use of this plant as alternative product for microbial control and cancer therapy. The results of GC/MS analysis showed the presence of 12 components. The major constituents were: phenyl ethyl alcohol (57 .71%), citronellol (21.61%), geraniol (12.09%). The rose oil showed strong antimicrobial activity inhibiting the growth of selected oral microorganisms (MIC 0.13-0.25 and MBC 0.25-0.50; MIC 0.03-0.13 and MFC 0.06-0.25 mg/ml), assessed by the microdilution method. The results of OPPH activity (2.10 mg/ml), reducing power (0.66 mg/ml), β-carotene bleaching inhibition (0.43 mg/ml) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TSARS} assay (0.11 mg/ml) indicate good antioxidant potential. Cytotoxic activity was tested against human tumor cell lines (breast, lung, colon, cervical and hepatocellular carcinomas} and in a non-tumour liver primary culture (PLP2). R. centifolia oil was found to be very active against tumour cell lines with Gl ranging from 49.55-90.94 μg/ml. Oil showed no hepatotoxicity in PLP2 cell line (GI v- 400 5~g/ml). Overall, R. centifolia contains important phytochemicals with bioactive properties (mainly antitumour potential) to be explored in the pharmaceutical and for medicinal purposes. Serbian Ministry of Education and Science for financial support (173032) and to FG (Portugal) for CIMO strategic project PEstOE/AGR/UI0690/2011, SFRH/BP0/68344/2010 (R.C. Calhelha) and SFRH/B0/76019/2011 (A. Fernandes) grants.

The aim of this study was to examine chemical composition and biological activity of Gaultheria procumbens L essential oil (EO) against food spoilage and oral microorganisms. The components of EO were identified by GC-MS. Antimicrobial activity was determined against food spoilage (five bacteria and six fungal species) and oral microorganisms (eight bacteria and thirty two fungal species) by microdilution and microplate biofilm assay, antioxidant activity was tested using the persistent free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), while antiradical activity was examined by fluorescence spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR). GC-MS analysis showed that methyl salicylate (96.90%) was the main component of the oil. Essential oil inhibited the growth of all microorganisms tested, i.e. food and oral bacteria and fungi, respectively (MIC 0.18-3.00 mg/ml and MBC 1.25-4.00 mg/ml; MIC 0.73-5.00 mg/ml and MFC 2.92-26.67 mg/ml); The oil effectively inhibited the biofilm formation of oral Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans as well (MIC 25.00 MBC 50.00 mg/ml; MIC 12.50, MFC 50.00 mg/ml). In addition, oil exhibited a dose-dependent DPPH-radical-scavenging activity with IC50 value of 30.61 mg/ml. The specific fluorescence probe 2-[6-(4'-amino)phenoxy-3H-xanten-3-on-9-yl] benzoic acid (APP) and the the spin trap 5-(Diethoxyphosphoryl)-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DEPMPO), capable for simultaneous detection of different free radical specie were used in antiradical activity of the oil measurements. Oil showed a moderate antiradical activity, reducing quantity of produced hydroxyl radicals to about 20% of initial value. This study succeeds in creating directly comparable and quantitative data for the oil unsufficiently examined so far. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Ministry of Education and Science of Serbia [173032, 173040, 41005]

Introduction. Dental injuries in immature permanent teeth often result in endodontic complications. Apexification technique using calcium hydroxide is associated with certain flaws, such as long treatment time, the possibility of tooth fracture and incomplete calcification. The use of an apical plug employing mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is an alternative treatment option. Case report. We reported the successful treatment of 4 maxillary incisors (in a 7-year-old boy and a 10-year-old girl) with open apices and periapical lesions. Apical portions of the canals were filled with MTA plugs in both cases. Coronal parts of the root canals were filled with gutta-percha and sealer. Clinical findings were clear 6 months after the definite obturation with no pathological changes on the radiographs in both cases. Conclusion. The use of MTA for apical plugging appears to be a valid treatment option in traumatized immature teeth with endodontic complications., Uvod. Povrede zuba nezavršenog razvoja korena često su praćene endodontskim komplikacijama. Tehnika apeksifikacije u kojoj se koristi kalcijum-hidroksid povezuje se sa brojnim problemima, kao što su dugotrajnost lečenja, mogućnost frakture korena i neadekvatna kalcifikacija apeksne regije. Stvaranje apeksne barijere korišćenjem mineralnog trioksidnog agregata (MTA) predstavlja alternativu konvencionalnoj tehnici apeksifikacije. Prikaz slučaja. U radu su prikazana dva slučaja uspešnog lečenja hroničnog apeksnog parodontitisa na maksilarnim sekutićima (ukupno četiri) nezavršenog razvoja korena, prvi kod 7-godišnjeg dečaka, a drugi kod 10-godišnje devojčice. U oba slučaja apikalni deo korena zuba napunjen je MTA cementom. Koronarne partije korena zuba napunjene su gutaperkom i pastom. Šest meseci nakon lečenja nije bilo ni kliničkih ni radiografskih znakova patoloških promena. Zaključak. Upotreba MTA kao apeksne barijere pokazuje potencijal validne terapijske opcije kada su u pitanju povređeni zubi nezavršenog razvoja korena sa endodontskim komplikacijama.

Plants from genus Thymus are often used in traditional medicine. Some of these species are important medicinal plants that are used in ethnomedicine. In this work, analysis of phytochemicals and bioactivity evaluation of Thymus vulgaris and T. algericnsis essential oils were done. The chemical composition of oils were evaluated using GC/MS; cytotoxic activity was tested against five human tumor cell lines MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), NCI-H460 (non-small cell lung cancer), HCT-15 (colon carcinoma), HeLa (cervical carcinoma), HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) and non-tumor cell line PLP2 (porcine liver cell culture); DPPH scavenging activity, reducing power, P-carotene bleaching inhibition and TBARS inhibition were used to assessed the antioxidant potential of oils; antimicrobial activity, minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal (MBC/MFC) concentrations, were determined using microdilution method. Eight bacterial species isolated from oral cavity were used: S. mutans, S. sanguis, S salivarius, S. pyogenes, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, L acidophilus and E. feacalis and fifty eight clinical oral Candida spp. along with two reference strains were used. The dominant constituents of T vulgaris oil were: p-cymene ( 18.99%) and thymol (48.92%). The major component of T. algeriensis oil was: thymol (38.50%). Both essential oils inhibited the growth of human tumor cell lines tested. T. algeriensis showed greater potential (GI50 0.062±3.11 - 0.064± 1.51 mg/ml), compared to T. vulgaris (GI50 0.076±5.98 -0.18±2.68 mg/ml). None of the oils showed hepatotoxicity in the porcine liver primary cell culture (GI50 > 0.40 mg/ml). T. algeriensis oil showed stronger antioxidant activity in DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power measurements (EC50 1.64±0.05; 0.68±0.01 mg/ml) versus T. vulgaris (EC50 4.80±0.18; 1.54±0.04 mg/ml). However, T vulgaris oil showed stronger activity in P-carotene bleaching inhibition and TBARS inhibition methods (EC50 0.18±0.04; 0.05±0.00 mg/ml) compared to T algeriensis (EC50 1.56±0.12; 0.31±0.01 mg/ml). T. algeriensis showed higher antimicrobial activity towards the selected bacterial species (MIC 0.02-0.08; MBC 0.04-0.16 mg/ml) compared to T vulgaris (MIC 0.08-0.16; MBC 0.16-0.32 mg/ml). Fungi appeared to be more sensitive and again T. algerienesis oil showed higher activity (MIC 0.005-0.0 I 0; MFC 0 .010-0.020 mg/ml) than T vulgaris oil (MIC 0.04-0.08; MFC 0.08-0.16 mg/ml). The data of this study suggested that the both essential oils, especially T. algeriensis have great potential as natural agents for microbial infections. However, since essential oils are complex mixture of compounds, further study toward single components and their synergism and antagonism is needed. These investigations will be helpful for further utilization of the plant essential oils for their safe use in the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetics industries.

The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of peppermint Mentha piperita L. GC / MS techniques confirmed the presence of the 48 components of which menthol (35.57 %) and menthone (22.50 %) were the most abundant. Antimicrobial activity, ie the minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal / fungicidal (MIC, MBC/MFC) concentrations were obtained using the mikordilution method against pathogenic microorganism isolated from the oral cavity (8 bacteria and 58 Candida sp.) and referent strains. The essential oil of peppermint showed good antimicrobial activity with MIC from 0.63 to 5 mg / ml and 0.13 to 0.5 for bacteria and fungi and MBC 1.25 to 10 mg / ml , ie. MFC 0.5-1 mg / ml. Compared to Hexoral®, peppermint essential oil has a very strong antimicrobial potential. The results of these tests give a new value, which will enrich the knowledge of peppermint oil od presented chemical composition, opens the door for further research towards its use in dentistry and as well in prevention and treatment of various diseases caused by tested pathogens.

This work represents an application of the Visible Spectrometry, High Pres­sure Liquid Cromatography and Electronspray Ionisation-Mass Spectrometry analysis for the identification of chlorophyll and its derivatives, pheophytin and chlorophyllide, in their purified mixtures (the chlorophyll, pheophytin and chlorophyllide fraction, respectively). The chlorophyll, pheophytin and chlorophyllide fractions were obtained by using a pigment extraction from the plant material (Spinacia Oleracea L), coupled with the column chromatography. The main components in the chlorophyll, pheophytin and chlorophyllide fractions were identified as chlorophyll a & b, pheophytin a & b and chlorophyllide a, respectively. Spectrophotometrically determined concentration ratios of the main identified pigments, chlorophyll a/b (in the chlorophyll fraction), pheophytin a/b (in the pheophytin fraction) and chlorophyllide a/b (in the chlorophyllide fraction) were: 4.95/1, 1.05/1 and 6.89/1, respectively.

The evolution of concept development, quality management, ranging from models of inspection through quality control, quality assurance, quality management (QMS), total quality management and business models excellence. These models were first created in industry and later spread to services. The ISO 9000 family of standards, published by ISO the 1987th year, were the driving force of development and application of quality management (QM) in various areas, including health care. Today there are over one million certificates for QMS, so that it can be said that they were the main generators of quality improvement. In addition to the model for quality management of products / services, nowadays in the field of quality other quality management models are used too. Here we explore the development of models of business excellence (BE) for the dental health care., Evolucija razvoja koncepta menadžmenta kvalitetom, se kretala od modela inspekcije, preko kontrole kvaliteta, obezbeđenja kvaliteta, menadžmenta kvalitetom (QMS), menadžmenta totalnim kvalitetom i poslovnom izvršnošću. Ovi modeli su prvo nastali u industriji a kasnije su se proširili i na usluge. Standardi ISO 9000 serije, doneti 1987. godine, bili su pokretač razvoja i primene menadžmenta kvalitetom ( QM-a) u različitim oblastima, pa i u zdravstvenoj zaštiti. Danas u svetu postoji preko milion sertifikata za QMS, tako da se može reći da su oni bili osnovni generator unapređenja kvaliteta. Pored modela za upravljanje kvalitetom proizvoda / usluge, danas se u oblasti kvaliteta koriste i drugi modeli upravljanja kvalitetom. Ovde se istražuje razvoj modela poslovne izvrsnosti (BE) za oblast stomatološke zdravstvene zaštite (SZZ).

Etiology of abnormalities in tooth structure has been subject of numerous studies but still has not been fully understood. Heredity is an established etiological factor for many types of structural anomalies of the teeth. Factors that cause changes in enamel structure may be genetic, immunologic and teratogenic or systemic diseases. Genetic changes may include individual genes, micro deletions or chromosomal defects. Systemic diseases can be associated with anomalies of tooth structure and diversity of clinical picture requires a multidisciplinary approach to the therapy. Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) represents a large group of structural abnormalities of the teeth. AI can exist independently or as a part of large number of syndromes and systemic diseases. Knowledge of clinical presentation, etiology, pathogenesis of structural anomalies of the teeth and their association with certain systemic diseases is of great importance to everyday dental practice in terms of prevention, prognosis and therapy. Also, it is necessary to expand basic knowledge of pediatricians in regards to the clinical picture of anomalies in tooth structure and their possible association with a wide range of systemic diseases and syndromes, in order to provide comprehensive clinical treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to present etiopathogenesis and classification and to describe the most important abnormalities of enamel structure and their association with systemic diseases and syndromes., Etiologija nastanka strukturnih anomalija zuba predmet je mnogih studija, ali još nije potpuno razjašnjena. Nasleđe je dokazani etiološki faktor za mnoge tipove strukturnih anomalija zuba. Faktori koji izazivaju promene u gleđi mogu biti genetske i imunološke prirode, posledica teratogenih faktora i sistemskih bolesti. Genske promene mogu obuhvatati pojedinačne gene, mikrodelecije ili oštećenja samog hromozoma. Veliki broj različitih sistemskih oboljenja koja se dovode u vezu sa strukturnim anomalijama zuba i raznolikost njihove kliničke slike zahteva multidisciplinaran pristup u lečenju. Amelogenesis imperfecta je velika grupa strukturnih anomalija zuba. Može biti samostalno oboljenje ili u sklopu velikog broja sindroma i sistemskih oboljenja. Poznavanje kliničke slike, porekla i patogeneze strukturnih anomalija zuba, te njihove povezanosti s pojedinim sistemskim oboljenjima, od velikog je značaja za svakodnevnu stomatološku praksu s aspekta prevencije, prognostike i terapije. Takođe, potrebno je proširiti osnovno znanje pedijatara u pogledu kliničke slike strukturnih anomalija zuba i njihove moguće veze sa širokim spektrom sistemskih oboljenja i sindroma, kako bi se obezbedio sveobuhvatan klinički tretman. Cilj ovog rada bio je da se predstave etiopatogeneza, klasifikacija i osnovni poremećaji strukture gleđi, odnosno njihova povezanost sa sistematskim oboljenjima i sindromima.

This paper presents an automated tool for floating-point to fixed-point conversion. The tool is based on previous work that was built in MATLAB/Simulink environment and Xilinx System Generator support. The tool is now extended to include Synplify DSP blocksets in a seamless way from the users' view point. In addition to FPGA area estimation, the tool now also includes ASIC area estimation for end-users who choose the ASIC flow. The tool minimizes hardware cost subject to mean-squared quantization error (MSE) constraints. To obtain more accurate ASIC area estimations with synthesized results, 3 performance levels are available to choose from, suitable for high-performance, typical, or low-power applications. The use of the tool is first illustrated on an FIR filter to achieve over 50% area savings for MSE specification of 10−6 as compared to all 16-bit realization. More complex optimization results for chip-level designs are also demonstrated.

Cilj ovoga rada je bio simulacijom piljenja slavonskim načinom piljenja u usporedbi sa piljenjem u cijelo utvrditi kvantitativne, kvalitativne, vrijednosne te na kraju ekonomske pokazatelje iskorištenja oblog drva malih dimenzija (15 do 25 cm promjera i duljine 1 m) pri izradi drvnih elemente. Simulirani su načini piljenja trupaca u debljine piljenica 32 mm, 38 mm, 50 mm, 60 mm, 70 mm, 80 mm, 90 mm i 100 mm. Prvo su pomoću računalnog programa AutoCad nacrtani poprečni presjeci trupaca prema promjerima. Zatim su u svaki način piljenja ucrtani poprečni presjeci elemenata zadanih krojnih debljina 28 mm i širina: 35, 42, 55, 66, 76, 87, 97 i 108 cm. Nakon ucrtavanja izmjereni su parametri dimenzija, kvalitete i broja elemenata te širine i visine propiljaka. Ti podaci su zatim uneseni u Microsoft Excelovu programsku osnovicu pomoću koje su izračunata navedena iskorištenja te vrijednosti dobiti u eurima za pojedini način piljenja i promjer simuliranog trupca. Rezultati simulacije pokazuju da se kod promjera trupaca 15, 16, 22 i 24 cm najveća dobit ostvaruje piljenjem trupaca u piljenice debljine 50 mm sa uklopljenim srcem u elemente sa bjeljikom, dok se kod promjera 19 cm najveća dobit ostvaruje piljenjem trupaca u piljenice debljine 50 mm sa uklopljenim srcem, ali u elemente bez bjeljike. Kod promjera 17, 18, 20 i 21 cm najveća dobit se ostvaruje piljenjem trupaca u piljenice debljine 38 mm sa uklopljenim srcem u elemente sa bjeljikom. Kod promjera 23 cm najveća dobit se ostvaruje piljenjem trupaca u piljenice debljine 70 mm sa uklopljenim srcem u elemente bez bjeljike. Kod promjera 25 cm najveća dobit se ostvaruje piljenjem trupaca u piljenice debljine 80 mm sa uklopljenim srcem u elemente bez bjeljike.

There are very few data about the effects of endogenous growth factors in vital pulp therapy, and still they are often controversial. This study was undertaken with the aim to evaluate the effects of platelet rich plasma (PRP) in conjugation with hydroxyapatite (HAP), as pulp capping materials, on root and periodontium formation. Eight young monkeys (Cercopithecus Aethiops) with permanent dentition and incomplete root formation were involved in this study. After pulpotomy, the pulp lesion was capped with calcium hydroxide (control), HAP (experimental) or HAP in conjugation with PRP (experimental). Six moths later, the animals were sacrificed, the tissue was removed en block, and prepared for histological analysis in a routine way. The results of histological analysis revealed that the healing process, characterized by dentin bridge formation, maintained morphological and functional integrity of dental pulp and complete formation of dental root and surrounding periodontium. The inflammatory reaction was scored as mild to moderate, in almost all samples in all groups, suggesting the biocompatibility of the used materials. Materials used in this study are convenient as capping agents, contributing in maintaining the integrity of the pulp tissue and facilitating root and periodontium formation. According to histological data it could be suggested that hydroxyapatite in conjugation with endogenous growth factors, represent a superior alternative to other materials used in this study., Podaci iz literature o primeni faktora rasta u vitalnoj terapiji pulpe su oskudni i često kontraverzni. Cilj našeg rada je bio da se ispita uticaj plazme bogate trombocitima u kombinaciji sa hidroksiapatitom, kao materijala za direktno prekrivanje pulpe, na završetak rasta korena i formiranje okolnog parodoncijuma. Istraživanje je sprovedeno na osam mladih majmuna (Cercopithecus aethiops), sa stalnom denticijom i nezavršenim rastom korena. Nakon pulpotomije, pulpna lezija je prekrivena kalcijum hidroksidom (kontolna grupa), hidroksiapatitom (eksperimentalna grupa I) ili hidroksiapatitom u kombinaciji sa plazmom bogatom trombocitima (eksperimentalna grupa II). Šest meseci kasnije životinje su žrtvovane, a uzeto tkivo pripremljeno je za histološku analizu. Rezultati histološke analize ukazali su da je zarastanje bilo karakterisano stvaranjem mineralizovanog dentinskog mostića, uz očuvanje morfološkog i funkcionalnog integriteta pulpe i završetak rasta korena i okolnog parodoncijuma u uzorcima svih ispitivanih grupa. Zapaljenska reakcija je gotovo u svim ispitivnim uzorcima bila ocenjena kao blaga ili umerena, što govori u prilog biokompatibilnosti primenjenih materijala. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata može se reći da su svi primenjeni materijali pogodni za direktno prekrivanje pulpe, da doprinose očuvanju integriteta pulpe i ubrzavaju završetak rasta korena i formiranje apikalnog parodoncijuma, s tim što hidroksipatit u kombinaciji sa endogenim faktorima rasta predstavlja superiorniju alternativu u odnosu na druge materijale korišćene u ovoj studiji.

Dentin hypersensitivity is a significant clinical problem in dentistry because it affects a large percentage of the population. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficiency of calcium sodium phosphosilicate complex (NovaMin) in reducing dentin hypersensitivity. Material and methods Thirty subjects ranging in age from 19 to 69 years were included in the study. Thermal and tactile stimuli were used to measure the pain using a visual-analogue scale score (VAS). NovaMin was professionally applied during the first visit, and the patients were instructed to use the dentifrice with the same active ingredient for 4 weeks. Measurements were obtained at baseline, 1, 2 and 6 weeks. Results Cold food and beverages (89%), sweets (50%), tactile stimuli (43%), warm (29%), citric food and beverages were identified as the major causes of the dentin hypersensitivity. At the first visit the average value of dentin sensitivity in tested teeth was 6.6±1.5 according to VAS. After the first application of Novamin a statistically significant decrease in sensitivity was recorded (VAS-4.1±1.5, p lt 0.0001). At each check-up the progressive decrease in teeth sensitivity was observed (p lt 0.0001). Conclusion Novamin is efficient in reducing dentin hypersensitivity., Dentinska hiperosetljivost značajan je klinički problem, budući da se javlja kod velikog dela populacije. Cilj rada bio je da se ispita uticaj kompleksa kalcijum-natrijum-fosfosilikata (NovaMin®) na dentinsku hiperosetljivost. U istraživanje je bilo uključeno 30 pacijenata, uzrasta 1968 godina, sa osetljivošću zuba. Osetljivost na taktilne i termičke nadražaje ocenjivana je na osnovu vizuelno-analogne skale. Aplikacija preparata NovaMin® obavljena je u toku prve posete, nakon čega su pacijenti tokom 28 dana koristili zubnu pastu sa istom aktivnom supstancijom. Kontrolni pregledi su obavljani nakon 7, 14 i 28 dana. Najčešći uzroci osetljivosti bili su hladna hrana i napici (89%), slatko (50%), dodir (43%), topla hrana (29%) ili kisela hrana i napici (11%). Na prvom pregledu osetljivost ispitivanih zuba iznosila je 6,6±1,5 po vizelno-analognoj skali. Nakon prve aplikacije preparata, osetljivost je smanjena na 4,1±1,5 po VAS (p lt 0,0001). Na kontrolnim pregledima ustanovljeno je progresivno smanjenje osetljivosti zuba (p lt 0,0001). Kompleks kalcijum-natrijum-fosfosilikat pokazuje znatan uticaj na smanjenje dentinske hiperosetljivosti.

S obzirom na važnost oblovine manjih dimenzija uspješnost pilanske obrade oblovine malih dimenzija može se promatrati i ocjenjivati s različitih stajališta, npr. sa stajališta iskorištenja trupaca, produktivnosti rada, troškova proizvodnje, učinka pilane itd. U ovom radu razmatranja su se ograničila na najznačajniji tehnološki pokazatelj uspješnosti obrade trupaca piljenice, a to je iskorištenje trupaca koje se pri toj obradi postiže.

To date, three types of dental stem cells have been isolated: Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSC), Stem Cells From Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth (SHED) and Immature Dental Pulp Stem Cells (IDPC). These dental stem cells are considered as mesenchymal stem cells. They reside within the perivascular niche of dental pulp. They are highly proliferative, clonogenic, multipotent and are similar to mesenchymal Bone Marrow Stem Cells (BMSC). Also, they have high plasticity and can be easy isolated. The expressions of the alkaline phosphatase gene, dentin matrix protein 1 and dentinsialophosphoprotein are verified in these cells. Analyses of gene expression patterns indicated several genes which encode extracellular matrix components, cell adhesion molecules, growth factors and transcription regulators, cell signaling, cell communication or cell metabolism. In both conditions, in vivo and in vitro, these cells have the ability to differentiate into odontoblasts, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, neurons, melanocytes, smooth and skeletal muscles and endothelial cells. In vivo, after implantation, they have shown potential to differentiate into dentin but also into tissues like bone, adipose or neural tissue. In general, DPSCs are considered to have antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory abilities. After being grafted into allogenic tissues these cells are ableto induce immunological tolerance. Immunosuppressive effect is shown through the ability to inhibit proliferation of T lymphocytes. Dental pulp stem cells open new perspectives in therapeutic use not only in dentin regeneration, periodontal tissues and skeletoarticular, tissues of craniofacial region but also in treatment of neurotrauma, autoimmune diseases, myocardial infarction, muscular dystrophy and connective tissue damages., Iz zubne pulpe su do danas izolovane tri populacije matičnih ćelija koje su označene kao matične ćelije zubne pulpe (engl. Dental Pulp Stem Cells, DPSC), matične ćelije iz eksfoliranih mlečnih zuba (engl. Stem Cells From Human Exfoliated Decidual Teeth, SHED) i nezrele matične ćelije zubne pulpe (engl. Immature Dental Pulp Stem Cells, IDPC). Sve matične ćelije zubne pulpe su ektomezenhimalnog porekla i lokalizovane su u perivaskularnoj niši. One se lako i efikasno izoluju, visoko su proliferativne, klonogene, multipotentne, ispoljavaju visok stepen plasticiteta i i slične su mezenhimalnim matičnim ćelijama koštane srži (BMSC). U njima je pokazana visoka ekspresija gena alkalne fosfataze, proteina 1 matriksa dentina i dentin-sijalofosfoproteina. Takođe, istaknuta je važnost u ovim ćelijama ekspresije više gena koji kodiraju sintezu komponenti ekstracelularnog matriksa, molekula ćelijske adhezije, faktora rasta, transkripcionih faktora, gena prenosa ćelijskih signala, ćelijske komunikacije i metabolizma. U uslovima in vitro ili in vivo ove ćelije mogu da se diferenciraju, s određenim međusobnim razlikama, u pravcu odontoblasta, hondrocita, osteoblasta, adipocita, neurona/glije, glatkih i skeletnih mišićnih ćelija, endotelnih ćelija i melanocita. U uslovima in vivo, nakon implantacije, pokazuju različit potencijal za formiranje dentina, ali i koštanog, masnog i nervnog tkiva. Generalno se smatra da DPSC imaju anti-inflamatorno dejstvo i ispoljavaju imunom-odulatorni efekat. Takođe, dovode do imunološke tolerancije ukoliko se implantiraju u alogena tkiva. Sposobnost inhibicije proliferacije T limfocita ukazuje na njihovo imunosupresivno dejstvo. Matične ćelije zubne pulpe otvorile su nove perspektive u terapijskoj primeni ovih ćelija ne samo u regeneraciji dentina, tkiva periodoncijuma i koštano-zglobnog tkiva kraniofacijalne regije, već i u lečenju neurotraume, autoimunskih oboljenja, infarkta miokarda, mišićne distrofije i oštećenja vezivnog tkiva.

Management of the affected pulp in teeth with incomplete root formation is still an issue. Calcium hydroxide and other materials have been employed for this purpose to a greater or lesser success. Bioceramic materials are in the last decades well established in a number of different medical fields. Having its constituents the same as those of the unorganic portion of bone tissue, hydroxiapatite (HAP), one of the two forms of calcium-phosphate ceramics, is already accepted in endodontic treatment of teeth with completed root formation. The aim of this study was to examine apexogenesis in teeth with immature roots, following the use of HAP on their affected pulp. Examination was performed on eight young monkeys (Cercopithecus Aethiops) with incomplete root development. The 100 μm synthetic HAP material was applied on 32 teeth divided into two groups of 16 teeth each. In one group teeth underwent pulpotomy, in the other high pulpotomy. Evaluation of root growth was recorded from radiographs (pre-treatment, 3 and 12 months following treatment) and by Demjrian's scale for dental maturity and tooth age determination. On the basis of radiographic analysis, immature teeth with affected pulp treated with HAP, both with pulpotomy and high pulpotomy, reached the same stage of root development as control teeth in 50% of cases at 3-months radiographic assessment. After 12 months all tested teeth had the same rate of root development as control teeth, except for 1 of 8 with high pulpotomy. Dentinal bridge was radiographically visible in 50% and 87.5% of pulpotomized teeth after 3 and 12 months, respectively. Neither obliteration of the root canal, presence of denticles nor the presence of deformities in the periapical region were found in any of the observed teeth., Lečenja aficirane pulpe zuba sa nezavršenim rastom korena je još uvek predmet stručnih i naučnih rasprava, između ostalog i zbog neželjenih efekata tradicionalnih preparata na bazi kalcijum hidroksida. Biokeramički materijali se već nekoliko decenija primenjuju u različitim granama medicine, a hidroksiapatit, kao jedna od dve forme kalcijum-fosfatne keramike, ima gotovo istovetan sastav kao neorganski deo kosti, pa je već prihvaćen u endodontskom lečenju zuba sa završ enim rastom korena. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita uticaj hidroksiapatita na apeksogenezu u zuba sa nezavršenim rastom korena i aficiranom pulpom. Ispitivanjem je bilo obuhvaćeno na osam mladih majmuna Cercopithecus Aethiops sa nezavršenim rastom korena zuba. Sintetički hidroksiapatit, veličine čestica od 100 μm je primenjen na trideset dva zuba, podeljenih u dve jednake grupe kod kojih je všena apulpotomija, odnosno visoka pulpotomija. Rendgenološ ka evaluacija rasta korena zuba je vršena pre terapije, kao i tri i dvanaest mesici posle primene HAP, a na osnovu Demjrianove skale za određivanje zrelosti zuba. Na osnovu rendgenološke analize posle 3 meseca je nađeno da je brzina razvoja korena kako pulpotomisanih, tako i visoko pulpotomisanih zuba kod kojih je primenjen HAP bila u 50% slučajeva ista kao kod kontrolnih zuba. Posle 12 meseci stepen razvoja korena zuba je u svih ispitivanih zuba (osim kod jednog od osam zuba sa izvršenom visokom pulpotomijom) bio isti kao u kontrolnih zuba. Dentinski most je bio vidljiv radiološkom analizom u 50% odnosno 87,5% eksperimentalnih zuba posle 3, odnosno posle 12 meseci. Ni u jednom pregledanom zubu rendgenološki nije uočena obliteracija kanala korena, kao ni dentikli ni deformiteti u periapeksnom predelu.

Restoring carious teeth is one of the major dental treatment needs of young children. Conventional glassionomer materials are frequently used as filling materials in contemporary pediatric dentistry. The objective of this study was to evaluate the restorative and prophylactic efficacy of the newly marketed glass ionomer, Fuji Triage (GC, Tokyo, Japan), through morphological analysis of the interface zone between the material and the enamel and the dentin of primary molars and to determine the extent of the ion exchange at the interface zone. The sample consisted of 5 extracted intact first primary molars in which glassionomer had been used as filling material after standard class I cavity preparation. The material was placed according to the manufacturer's instructions and teeth were placed into dionised water prior to experiment. Six sections of each tooth had been examined using scanning electron microscopic and electron dispersive spectroscopic techniques (SEM/EDS). The parameters for evaluation included: morphological characteristics of the interface zone and the extent of the ion exchange between the material and the tooth structures Results were statistically analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. SEM/EDS analysis revealed the presence of the chemical bonding between the glass ionomer and the enamel and dentin, 5 and 15 μm in width, respectively. Ion exchange has not been detected in the enamel at the EDS sensitivity level. Strontium and fluor penetration has been detected in dentin. The ion exchange and chemical bonding formation justify the usage of the conventional glass ionomer materials for restorative procedures in primary molars., Cilj studije bio je da se praćeni restorativna i profilaktička efikasnost glasjonomera, Fuji Triage, morfološkom, analizom međuspoja i jonske razmene između materijala i gledi i dentina. Na 5 ekstrahovanih prvih mlečnih molara postavljen je glasjonomerni materijal i 6 preseka analizirano je pomoću skening elektronskog mikroskopa opremljenog energetskim disperzionim spektrometrom, SEM/EDS. Procenjivani parametri: morfološke karakteristike i kvantitet razmene jona između materijala i gleđi i dentina. SEM/EDS analizom je pokazana zona kemijske veze glasjonomera i gleđi i dentina, dimenzija 5 i 15 μm, respektivno. Jonska razmena na ovom nivou osetljivosti nije detektovana u gledi. Penetracija jona fluora i stroncijuma pokazana je u dentinu. Razmena jona i formiranje kemijske veze opravdavaju upotrebu glasjonomernih materijala u dečjoj stomatologiji.

The process of dental caries is determined by a delicate balance between pathological factors (bacteria and carbohydrates) that lead do demineralization and protective factors (saliva, calcium, phosphate and fluoride) that lead to remineralization. Contemporary approach to the treatment of dental caries includes preventive and prophylactic measures based on the notion of "demineralization and remineralization" in a micro phase in order to retain healthy teeth. Development of dental materials which release fluoride, calcium and phosphate throughout a considerable period of time certainly contributed to that. The purpose of this article was to review prophylactic and therapeutic properties of fluoride releasing dental materials, and discuss the current status concerning the prevention or inhibition of caries development and progression. ., Etiopatogeneza karijesa određena je ravnotežom između patoloških faktora (bakterije i ugljeni hidrati) koji vode demineralizaciji i protektivnih faktora (pljuvačka, fluoride, joni kalcijuma i fosfata) koji dovode do remineralizacije zubnih tkiva. Savremeni pristup u terapiji karijesa podrazumeva preventivne i profilaktičke mere koje su bazirane na dobrom poznavanju demineralizacionih i remineralizacionih procesa u gleđno-plakovnoj interfazi, sa ciljem očuvanja zdravih zubnih tkiva. Tome svakako doprinosi i razvoj savremenih stomatoloških materijala koji oslobađaju fluoride, kalcijum i fosfate u dužem vremenskom periodu. Cilj rada je bio da se predstave profilaktički i terapijski efekti stomatoloških materijala koji oslobađaju fluoride, kao i trenutne mogućnosti u prevenciji i zaustavljanju progresije karijesa. .