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1. Occurrence of 2 n microspore production in diploid interspecific hybrids between the wild parental species of peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L., Leguminosae) and its relevance in the genetic origin of the cultigen

Author

Alejandra Marcela Ortiz, Adriana Regina Custodio, María Celeste Silvestri, Alejandra Vanina García, Graciela Inés Lavia, Márcio C. Moretzsohn, A. V. GARCÍA, INSTITUTO DE BOTANICA DEL NORDESTE (IBONE, CONICET-UNNE, ARGENTINA, A. M. ORTIZ, INSTITUTO DE BOTANICA DEL NORDESTE (IBONE, CONICET-UNNE, ARGENTINA, M. C. SILVESTRI, INSTITUTO DE BOTANICA DEL NORDESTE (IBONE, CONICET-UNNE, ARGENTINA, A. R. CUSTODIO, MARCIO DE CARVALHO MORETZSOHN, Cenargen, and G. I. LAVIA, INSTITUTO DE BOTANICA DEL NORDESTE (IBONE, CONICET-UNNE, ARGENTINA.

Subjects
biology, Cultigen, GENETIC ORIGIN, PEANUT, biology.organism_classification, Interspecific hybrids, Arachis hypogaea, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], SEXUAL POLIPLOIDIZATION, Ciencias Biológicas, Genética y Herencia, Microspore, UNREDUCE GAMETES, Botany, Leguminosae, Ploidy, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], Agronomy and Crop Science, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

Unreduced (2n) gametes are the driving force that leads to polyploidization of plants in nature and an important tool for ploidy breeding. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L., Leguminosae) seems most likely to have originated by sexual polyploidization through interspecific hybridization between the wild diploid relatives -A. duranensis and A. ipaënsis-, and subsequent binding of the unreduced gametes in the hybrid. Therefore, aiming to contribute to the understanding the event of polyploid origin of this important crop, we made diploid hybrids between A. duranensis and A. ipaënsis, and then investigated the production of unreduced gametes in the hybrids by analyzing the size range of pollen, the constitution of the sporads, and the microsporogenesis process. The meiotic abnormalities found, such as persistent bridges, tripolar spindles and cytomixis processes, would lead to the formation of restitution nuclei in both the first and second meiotic division. These failures in the regularityof meiosis lead to the formation of dyads and triads, and consequently to 2n pollen grains. These findings constitute the first evidence of the formation of unreduced gametes in intergenomic hybrids obtained between the wild progenitors of A. hypogaea and enable us to propose a model of origin of the crop through sexual polyploidization. Fil: García, Alejandra Vanina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Ortiz, Alejandra Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Silvestri, María Celeste. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Custódio Alves, Raquel. Ministerio da Agricultura Pecuaria e Abastecimento de Brasil. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria; Brasil Fil: Moretzsohn, M. C.. Ministerio da Agricultura Pecuaria e Abastecimento de Brasil. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria; Brasil Fil: Lavia, Graciela Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina

Published
2020

2. Spontaneous generation of diversity in Arachis neopolyploids (Arachis ipaënsis x Arachis duranensis)4x replays the early stages of peanut evolution

Author

LEAL-BERTIOLI, S. C. M., NASCIMENTO, E. F. M. B., CHAVARRO, M. C. F., CUSTÓDIO, A. R., HOPKINS, M. S., MORETZSOHN, M. de C., BERTIOLI, D. J., ARAUJO, A. C. G. de, SORAYA C. M. LEAL-BERTIOLI, Instituto de Melhoramento de Plantas, EUA, M. CAROLINA F. CHAVARRO, Instituto de Melhoramento de Plantas, Genética e Genômica, Atenas, GA, EUA., ADRIANA R. CUSTÓDIO, Embrpa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, MARK S. HOPKINS, Instituto de Melhoramento de Plantas, Genética e Genômica, Atenas, GA, EUA., ELIZA F. M. B. NASCIMENTO, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasil., DAVID J. BERTIOLI, Instituto de Melhoramento de Plantas, Genética e Genômica, Atenas, GA, EUA., ANA CLAUDIA GUERRA DE ARAUJO, Cenargen., and MARCIO DE CARVALHO MORETZSOHN, Cenargen

Subjects
Morphology, Domestication, Polyploidy, Cytogenetics, Arachis, Homoeologous recombination, Genome instability, SNPs
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2021-09-20T16:00:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 jkab289.pdf: 1125579 bytes, checksum: 9ff6a04ccfbbfcf449238aa350fd2a80 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021

Published
2021

3. Presence of resveratrol in wild Arachis species adds new value to this overlooked genetic resource

Author

P. A. S. V. Carvalho, Marcos A. Gimenes, Márcio C. Moretzsohn, Ana Cristina Miranda Brasileiro, Patricia M. Guimarães, Tânia da Silveira Agostini-Costa, Joseane Padilha da Silva, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), PAULA ANDREÁ SAMPAIO DE VASCONSELOS CARVALHO, UNESP, MARCIO DE CARVALHO MORETZSOHN, Cenargen, ANA CRISTINA MIRANDA BRASILEIRO, Cenargen, PATRICIA MESSEMBERG GUIMARAES, Cenargen, TANIA DA SILVEIRA AGOSTINI COSTA, Cenargen, JOSEANE PADILHA DA SILVA, Cenargen, and MARCOS APARECIDO GIMENES, Cenargen.

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Arachis, Time Factors, Genotype, Ultraviolet Rays, Science, Gene Expression, Resveratrol, 01 natural sciences, Article, Plant breeding, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Species Specificity, Genetic resources, Genus, Gene expression, Botany, Ultraviolet light, Gene, Multidisciplinary, biology, Resveratrol in Arachis, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Medicine, Acyltransferases, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Genus Arachis comprises 82 species distributed into nine taxonomic sections. Most Arachis species are wild and those from Arachis section have been evaluated for many traits, since they can be used in peanut breeding. Most of the remaining species have been neglected and understudied. Recently, resveratrol content and expression of a resveratrol synthase gene were analyzed in wild Arachis species. Our aim was to expand the knowledge about resveratrol in Arachis, analyzing species from five sections and evaluating the expression of a resveratrol synthase (RS) gene responsive to ultraviolet light (UV) along the time. In a first experiment, the resveratrol content after UV induction was analyzed on detached leaves of 12 species from five sections. Variation was observed among species and accessions of the same species. The highest contents were found in A. lignosa (843.9 μg/g) and A. triseminata (745.4 μg/g). In a second experiment, RS expression and resveratrol content in four species and one synthetic amphidiploid were analyzed at 0, 7, 15 and 24 h pos induction (hpi) with UV. In most genotypes, the highest RS expression level was at 0 hpi, whereas the highest resveratrol content was at 15 hpi. Our results suggested that resveratrol is ubiquitously present in the genus Arachis with different capacities of synthesis among species and accessions in response to ultraviolet treatment. Presence of resveratrol in wild Arachis species adds new value to these genetic resources.

Published
2020

4. Uso de espécies silvestres como fontes de resistências às cercosporioses no amendoim

Author

SUASSUNA, T. de M. F., CUSTÓDIO, A. R., MARTINS, K. B. de B., HEUERT, J., SUASSUNA, N. D., MORETZSOHN, M. de C., TAIS DE MORAES FALLEIRO SUASSUNA, CNPA, ADRIANA REGINA CUSTÓDIO, KENNEDY BRUNNO DE BRITO MARTINS, JAIR HEUERT, CNPA, NELSON DIAS SUASSUNA, CNPA, and MARCIO DE CARVALHO MORETZSOHN, Cenargen.

Subjects
Peanuts, Arachis hypogaea L, Wild plants, Plantas silvestres, Amendoim, Cercosporiose, Cercosporiosis, Melhoramento Vegetal, Alotetraploides sintéticos
Abstract

A produtividade de amendoim pode ser reduzida devido a ocorrência de doenças foliares, necessitando, portanto, de controle químico com fungicidas para evitar perdas. Algumas espécies silvestres do gênero Arachis apresentam resistências às doenças foliares, sendo fontes de genes de resistências para introgressão no amendoim cultivado. O trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar a resistência às cercosporioses de progênies derivadas de espécies silvestres em combinação com linhagens e acompanhar os segmentos genômicos oriundos de espécies silvestres, possivelmente com genes de resistência às doenças foliares nas progênies. As progênies foram testadas em condição de alta pressão de inóculo das cercosporioses, sem controle com fungicidas e tiveram desenvolvimento vegetativo normal, porte predominantemente rasteiro e, plantas com sintomas de mancha anelar em diversas parcelas. Nenhuma progênie apresentou resistência completa às cercosporioses. A linhagem 19-2673 obteve o menor valor de severidade (2,94) apresentando dois segmentos com genes de resistência de A. cardenasii com locos em homozigose. Como referência, a cultivar IAC OL3 obteve valores médios de 8,88. As progênies 19-2675, 19-2674 e 19-2671 não tiveram desfolha completa do terço inferior, com todos os locos em heterozigose. As progênies 19-2688, 19-2687, 19-2680 e 19-2679 não apresentaram os segmentos de A. cardenasii e tiveram maior severidade intermediária e desfolha mais intensa dos terços inferior e médio das plantas. As progênies com alta severidade e maior desfolha também não apresentaram os segmentos de A. cardenasii. Foram identificadas quatro progênies interespecíficas, com maiores níveis de resistência às cercosporioses, provenientes das espécies A. magna, A. batizocoi e A. cardenasii. Made available in DSpace on 2022-02-11T02:02:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 USO-ESPECIES-SILVESTRES-COMO-FONTES-DE-RESISTENCIA.pdf: 1055427 bytes, checksum: c1c539fddfd6b5508bc6c7b5b9756016 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

Published
2020

5. BRS 425: the first runner peanut cultivar related to wild ancestral species

Author

Hildeu Ferreira da Assunção, Ramon Araújo Vasconcellos, J. R. C. Bezerra, Jair Heuert, Fabiano José Perina, J. C. Bogiani, Everaldo Paulo de Medeiros, Tarcísio Marcos de Souza Gondim, Márcio C. Moretzsohn, Nelson Dias Suassuna, David J. Bertioli, Valdinei Sofiatti, Taís de Moraes Falleiro Suassuna, S. C. M. Leal-Bertioli, José Ernani Schwengber, Daniel de Brito Fragoso, Luiz Alberto Colnago, TAIS DE MORAES FALLEIRO SUASSUNA, CNPA, NELSON DIAS SUASSUNA, CNPA, JULIO CESAR BOGIANI, CNPM, FABIANO JOSE PERINA, CNPA, DANIEL DE BRITO FRAGOSO, CNPAF, VALDINEI SOFIATTI, CNPA, EVERALDO PAULO DE MEDEIROS, CNPA, MARCIO DE CARVALHO MORETZSOHN, Cenargen, SORAYA CRISTINA DE MACEDO LEAL-BERTIOLI, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, DAVID JOHN BERTIOLI, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, JAIR HEUERT, CNPA, HILDEU FERREIRA ASSUNÇÃO, UFG, LUIZ ALBERTO COLNAGO, CNPDIA, TARCISIO MARCOS DE SOUZA GONDIM, CNPA, RAMON ARAUJO DE VASCONCELOS, CNPA, JOSE ERNANI SCHWENGBER, CPACT, and JOSE RENATO CORTEZ BEZERRA, CNPA.

Subjects
disease resistance, fungi, A. duranensis, food and beverages, A Duranensis, A Ipaënsi, Plant disease resistance, Biology, biology.organism_classification, A. ipaënsis, Arachis hypogaea, Horticulture, Tetraploid Route, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Leaf spot, Cultivar, Agronomy and Crop Science, Biotechnology, General Environmental Science, tetraploid route
Abstract

BRS 425 is a high-oleic runner peanut cultivar related to wild ancestral parents, partially resistant to early and late leaf spot and spotted wilt. It is large-seeded and contains 46% oil. BRS 425 is adapted to the main peanut producing regions of Brazil. Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-19T18:10:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BRS425PeanutCultivarTaisSuassuna.pdf: 329506 bytes, checksum: e395662a3da1a5be2a24cc0d0ca93195 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Published
2019

6. Broadening the Variability for Peanut Breeding with a Wild Species-Derived Induced Allotetraploid

Author

Nelson Dias Suassuna, Kennedy Brunno de Brito Martins, Jair Heuert, David J. Bertioli, Soraya C. M. Leal-Bertioli, Márcio C. Moretzsohn, Taís de Moraes Falleiro Suassuna, R. G. Matos, TAIS DE MORAES FALLEIRO SUASSUNA, CNPA, NELSON DIAS SUASSUNA, CNPA, KENNEDY MARTINS, RAMON MATOS, UNIP, JAIR HEUERT, CNPA, DAVID BERTIOLI, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, SORAYA LEAL-BERTIOLI, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, MARCIO DE CARVALHO MORETZSOHN, Cenargen., Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), and Univ Georgia

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Arachis, Introgression, Wild relatives, Quantitative trait locus, Plant disease resistance, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Transgressive segregation, Domestication, lcsh:Agriculture, domestication, 03 medical and health sciences, Leaf spot resistance, homeologous recombination, Allele, 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Genetic diversity, Fruit type, Homeologous recombination, lcsh:S, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, wild relatives, fruit type, Agronomy and Crop Science, late leaf spot resistance, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

The use of wild species in peanut breeding provides remarkable opportunities for introducing new traits to the peanut crop and it has increased in recent years. Here, we report the morphological and agronomic, including disease resistance, variation observed in 87 Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) that were derived from the wild ancestors of peanut and the cultivar Runner IAC-886. These lines exhibited a wide range of variation for these traits, with transgressive segregation and novel phenotypes being observed in many lines. Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) for agronomic and resistance traits were detected. Six RILs with contrasting phenotypes for agronomic traits and moderate resistance to leaf spots were genotyped. All of the lines had, on average, 50% wild alleles, with at least one large wild segment and multiple interspersed alleles in all of the chromosomes. Genetic exchange between subgenomes was observed. On four lines, the top of Chr 05/15, which is tetrasomic AAAA in A. hypogaea, has been restored to its AABB state by the introgression of A. ipa&euml, nsis alleles. We identified lines with good agronomic traits while harboring genome composition and structure completely different from each other and from the cultivated peanut. The variation that is observed for the fruit type is also important for a better comprehension of the domestication process in peanut. This increase in genetic diversity has great potential benefits for the peanut breeding programs.

Published
2020

7. Segmental allopolyploidy in action: Increasing diversity through polyploid hybridization and homoeologous recombination

Author

Brian Abernathy, João Francisco dos Santos, Márcio C. Moretzsohn, Soraya C. M. Leal-Bertioli, David J. Bertioli, Jeff J. Doyle, Scott A. Jackson, Ignácio José de Godoy, Patricia M. Guimarães, SORAYA CRISTINA DE M LEAL BERTIOLI, Cenargen, IGNÁCIO J. GODOY, CAMPINAS AGRONOMICAL INSTITUTE, JOÃO F. SANTOS, JOÃO F. SANTOS, JEFF J. DOYLE, CORNELL UNIVERSITY, USA, PATRICIA MESSEMBERG GUIMARAES, Cenargen, BRIAN L. ABERNATHY, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, SCOTT A. JACKSON, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, MARCIO DE CARVALHO MORETZSOHN, Cenargen, and DAVID J. BERTIOLI, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA.

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Pre-breeding, Lineage (genetic), Arachis, Introgression, Plant Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Genome, Polyploidy, 03 medical and health sciences, Polyploid, Lineage recombination, Genetics, Gene conversion, Allele, Homologous Recombination, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Alleles, Genetic diversity, Tetr, Peanuts, food and beverages, Genetic Variation, Fabaceae, 030104 developmental biology, Population bottleneck, Segmental allotetraploid, Hybridization, Genetic, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

PREMISE OF THE STUDY The genetic bottleneck of polyploid formation can be mitigated by multiple origins, gene flow, and recombination among different lineages. In crop plants with limited origins, efforts to increase genetic diversity have limitations. Here we used lineage recombination to increase genetic diversity in peanut, an allotetraploid likely of single origin, by crossing with a novel allopolyploid genotype and selecting improved lines. METHODS Single backcross progeny from cultivated peanut × wild species-derived allotetraploid cross were studied over successive generations. Using genetic assumptions that encompass segmental allotetraploidy, we used single nucleotide polymorphisms and whole-genome sequence data to infer genome structures. KEY RESULTS Selected lines, despite a high proportion of wild alleles, are agronomically adapted, productive, and with improved disease resistances. Wild alleles mostly substituted homologous segments of the peanut genome. Regions of dispersed wild alleles, characteristic of gene conversion, also occurred. However, wild chromosome segments sometimes replaced cultivated peanut's homeologous subgenome; A. ipaensis B sometimes replaced A. hypogaea A subgenome (~0.6%), and A. duranensis replaced A. hypogaea B subgenome segments (~2%). Furthermore, some subgenome regions historically lost in cultivated peanut were "recovered" by wild chromosome segments (effectively reversing the "polyploid ratchet"). These processes resulted in lines with new genome structure variations. CONCLUSIONS Genetic diversity was introduced by wild allele introgression, and by introducing new genome structure variations. These results highlight the special possibilities of segmental allotetraploidy and of using lineage recombination to increase genetic diversity in peanut, likely mirroring what occurs in natural segmental allopolyploids with multiple origins.

Published
2018

8. Yield, market quality, and leaf sopts partial resistance of interspecific peanut progenies

Author

SUASSUNA, T. de M. F., SUASSUNA, N. D., MORETZSOHN, M. de C., BERTIOLI, S. C. de M. L., BERTOLI, D. J., MEDEIROS, E. P. de, TAIS DE MORAES FALLEIRO SUASSUNA, CNPA, NELSON DIAS SUASSUNA, CNPA, MARCIO DE CARVALHO MORETZSOHN, CENARGEN, SORAYA CRISTINA DE M LEAL BERTIOLI, CENARGEN, DAVID JONH BERTOLI, UNB, and EVERALDO PAULO DE MEDEIROS, CNPA.

Subjects
Peanut, Seed, Amendoim, Oil contents, Arachis sp, Fungicide sprays
Abstract

Development of leaf spots resistant runner peanut cultivars is one of the major demands in Brazil. In the 2009/10 crop season, 12 pre-breeding progenies (LPM) were selected out of 380 plants of an interspecific BC1F3 population for leaf spots resistance and agronomic traits. In the 2010/11, the 12 LPMs were evaluated for leaf spots resistance, without fungicide sprays. The recurrent parent (susceptible control) and all LPMs were susceptible; partial resistant segregating plants were selected. Some progenies had yield, pod and seed shape similar to the control. The 12, and the 5 LPMs selected in the 2011/12 and 2012/13 crop seasons, respectively, were evaluated under appropriate disease management. Differences were detected for pod yield and weight of 100 seeds. Seed/pod weight ratio, oil content and oleic/linoleic ratio were similar to the control. Individual plants were selected for pod yield and market quality. Variability detected in the first backcross generation for partial resistance and agronomic traits will be useful. Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-23T06:48:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Yieldmarkerqualityandleafspots....pdf: 302656 bytes, checksum: c4224fa14b917360a70f603647ed4bdc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-22

Published
2015

9. The genome sequence of segmental allotetraploid peanut Arachis hypogaea

Author

Richard W Michelmore, Brian Abernathy, Melanie Pham, Jacqueline D. Campbell, Sergio Sebastián Samoluk, Ethalinda K. S. Cannon, Marie Mirouze, Ziqi Sun, Scott A. Jackson, Jane Grimwood, Zheng Zheng, Christopher Lui, C. Corley Holbrook, Longhui Ren, Manish K. Pandey, Ye Chu, Kenta Shirasawa, Guillermo Seijo, Sudhansu Dash, Carolina Chavarro, Connor Cameron, Xinyou Zhang, Gaurav Agarwal, Lutz Froenicke, Sophie Lanciano, Andrew Farmer, Soraya C. M. Leal-Bertioli, Nathan T. Weeks, David J. Bertioli, Walid Korani, Senjuti Sinharoy, Olga Dudchenko, Carolina Ballén-Taborda, Rajeev K. Varshney, Annapurna Chitikineni, Jerry Jenkins, Steven B. Cannon, Peggy Ozias-Akins, Erez Lieberman Aiden, Moaine El Baidouri, Márcio C. Moretzsohn, Jeremy Schmutz, Jin Hee Shin, Wei Huang, Dongying Gao, Josh Clevenger, Brian E. Scheffler, Baozhu Guo, Kyung Do Kim, Avinash Sreedasyam, DOE Joint Genome Institute [Walnut Creek], Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Baylor University, University of Georgia [USA], Laboratoire Génome et développement des plantes (LGDP), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Diversité, adaptation, développement des plantes (UMR DIADE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Genome Center and Department of Plant Sciences, University of California (UC), Purdue University [West Lafayette], United States Department of Energy, Université de Berne, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), University of California, DAVID J. BERTIOLI, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, JERRY JENKINS, HUDSONALPHA INSTITUTE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, USA, JOSH CLEVENGER, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, OLGA DUDCHENKO, BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, HOUSTON, USA, DONGYING GAO, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, GUILLERMO SEIJO, CONICETUNNE, ARGENTINA, SORAYA C. M. LEAL-BERTIOLI, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, LONGHUI REN, IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY, USA, ANDREW D. FARMER, NATIONAL CENTER FOR GENOME RESOURCES, USA, MANISH K. PANDEY, INTERNATIONAL CROPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR THE SEMI-ARID TROPICS (ICRISAT), INDIA, SERGIO S. SAMOLUK, INSTITUTO DE BOTÁNICA DEL NORDESTE (CONICETUNNE), ARGENTINA, BRIAN ABERNATHY, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, GAURAV AGARWAL, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, CAROLINA BALLÉN-TABORDA, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, CONNOR CAMERON, NATIONAL CENTER FOR GENOME RESOURCES, USA, JACQUELINE CAMPBELL, IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY, USA, CAROLINA CHAVARRO, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, ANNAPURNA CHITIKINENI, INTERNATIONAL CROPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR THE SEMI-ARID TROPICS (ICRISAT), INDIA, YE CHU, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, SUDHANSU DASH, NATIONAL CENTER FOR GENOME RESOURCES, USA, MOAINE EL BAIDOURI, UMR5096, FRANCE, BAOZHU GUO, CROP PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT RESEARCH UNIT, USA, WEI HUANG, IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY, USA, KYUNG DO KIM, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, WALID KORANI, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, SOPHIE LANCIANO, UNIVERSITÉ DE PERPIGNAN, FRANCE, CHRISTOPHER G. LUI, BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, USA, MARIE MIROUZE, UNIVERSITÉ DE PERPIGNAN, FRANCE, MARCIO DE CARVALHO MORETZSOHN, Cenargen, MELANIE PHAM, BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, USA, JIN HEE SHIN, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, KENTA SHIRASAWA, KAZUSA DNA RESEARCH INSTITUTE, JAPAN, SENJUTI SINHAROY, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PLANT GENOME RESEARCH, INDIA, AVINASH SREEDASYAM, HUDSONALPHA INSTITUTE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, USA, NATHAN T. WEEKS, US DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE, USA, XINYOU ZHANG, HENAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, CHINA, ZHENG ZHENG, HENAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, CHINA, ZIQI SUN, HENAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, CHINA, LUTZ FROENICKE, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, USA, EREZ L. AIDEN, BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, USA, RICHARD MICHELMORE, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, USA, RAJEEV K. VARSHNEY, INTERNATIONAL CROPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR THE SEMI-ARID TROPICS (ICRISAT), INDIA, C. CORLEY HOLBROOK, US DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE, USA, ETHALINDA K. S. CANNON, IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY, USA, BRIAN E. SCHEFFLER, US DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE, USA, JANE GRIMWOOD, HUDSONALPHA INSTITUTE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, USA, PEGGY OZIAS-AKINS, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, STEVEN B. CANNON, US DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE, USA, SCOTT A. JACKSON, UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, USA, and JEREMY SCHMUTZ, HUDSONALPHA INSTITUTE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, USA.

Subjects
Arachis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medical and Health Sciences, Genome, Domestication, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Recombination, Genetic, 2. Zero hunger, Peanuts, 0303 health sciences, purl.org/becyt/ford/4.4 [https], food and beverages, Biodiversity, Biological Sciences, GENOME, Phenotype, Biotecnología Agrícola y Biotecnología Alimentaria, ARACHIS HYPOGAEA, Ploidy, SEGMENTAL ALLOTETRAPLOID, Genome, Plant, Crops, Agricultural, Plant genetics, DNA, Plant, Evolution, Biotecnología Agropecuaria, Argentina, Crops, Genomics, Biology, Chromosomes, Chromosomes, Plant, Evolution, Molecular, Polyploidy, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic, Species Specificity, Polyploid, Genetics, Hybridization, 030304 developmental biology, Whole genome sequencing, Agricultural, Hypogaea, fungi, Molecular, Genetic Variation, Plant, DNA, DNA Methylation, biology.organism_classification, Base sequence, Recombination, Arachis hypogaea L, Arachis hypogaea, Tetraploidy, Gene Expression Regulation, CIENCIAS AGRÍCOLAS, Evolutionary biology, Hybridization, Genetic, purl.org/becyt/ford/4 [https], 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Like many other crops, the cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is of hybrid origin and has a polyploid genome that contains essentially complete sets of chromosomes from two ancestral species. Here we report the genome sequence of peanut and show that after its polyploid origin, the genome has evolved through mobile-element activity, deletions and by the flow of genetic information between corresponding ancestral chromosomes (that is, homeologous recombination). Uniformity of patterns of homeologous recombination at the ends of chromosomes favors a single origin for cultivated peanut and its wild counterpart A. monticola. However, through much of the genome, homeologous recombination has created diversity. Using new polyploid hybrids made from the ancestral species, we show how this can generate phenotypic changes such as spontaneous changes in the color of the flowers. We suggest that diversity generated by these genetic mechanisms helped to favor the domestication of the polyploid A. hypogaea over other diploid Arachis species cultivated by humans. Fil: Bertioli, David J.. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Jenkins, Jerry. Hudsonalpha Institute For Biotechnology; Estados Unidos Fil: Clevenger, Josh. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Dudchenko, Olga. The Center for Genome Architecture; Estados Unidos Fil: Gao, Dongying. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Seijo, José Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Leal Bertioli, Soraya C.M.. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Ren, Longhui. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Farmer, Andrew D.. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Pandey, Manish K.. Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT); India Fil: Samoluk, Sergio Sebastián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Abernathy, Brian. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Agarwal, Gaurav. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Ballén Taborda, Carolina. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Cameron, Connor. National Center for Genome Resources; Estados Unidos Fil: Campbell, Jacqueline. University of Iowa; Estados Unidos Fil: Chavarro, Carolina. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Chitikineni, Annapurna. Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT); India Fil: Chu, Ye. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Dash, Sudhansu. National Center for Genome Resources; Estados Unidos Fil: El Baidouri, Moaine. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Guo, Baozhu. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Huang, Wei. University of Iowa; Estados Unidos Fil: Kim, Kyung Do. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos. Corporate R&D, LG Chem; Corea del Sur Fil: Korani, Walid. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Lanciano, Sophie. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Lui, Christopher G.. The Center for Genome Architecture; Estados Unidos Fil: Mirouze, Marie. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Moretzsohn, Márcio C.. Ministerio da Agricultura Pecuaria e Abastecimento de Brasil. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria; Brasil Fil: Pham, Melanie. The Center for Genome Architecture; Estados Unidos Fil: Shin, Jin Hee. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Shirasawa, Kenta Shirasawa. Department of Frontier Research and Development, Kazusa DNA Research Institute; Japón Fil: Sinharoy, Senjuti. National Institute of Plant Genome Research; India Fil: Sreedasyam, Avinash. Hudson Alpha Institute of Biotechnology; Estados Unidos Fil: Weeks, Nathan T.. United States Department of Agriculture; Estados Unidos Fil: Zhang, Xinyou. Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences; China Fil: Zheng, Zheng. Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences; China Fil: Sun, Ziqi. Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences; China Fil: Froenicke, Lutz. University of California at Davis; Estados Unidos Fil: Aiden, Erez L.. The Center for Genome Architecture; Estados Unidos Fil: Michelmore, Richard. University of California at Davis; Estados Unidos Fil: Varshney, Rajeev K.. Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT); India Fil: Holbrook, C. Corley. United States Department of Agriculture; Estados Unidos Fil: Cannon, Ethalinda K. S.. University of Iowa; Estados Unidos Fil: Scheffler, Brian E.. United States Department of Agriculture; Estados Unidos Fil: Grimwood, Jane. Hudson Alpha Institute of Biotechnology; Estados Unidos Fil: Ozias-Akins, Peggy. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Cannon, Steven B.. United States Department of Agriculture; Estados Unidos Fil: Jackson, Scott A.. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Schmutz, Jeremy. Hudson Alpha Institute of Biotechnology; Estados Unidos

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