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Supplemental material, link_video for Proctor-guided virtual reality–enhanced three-dimensional video-assisted thoracic surgery: an excellent tutoring model for lung segmentectomy by Francesco Guerrera, Samanta Nicosia, Lorena Costardi, Paraskevas Lyberis, Federico Femia, Pier Luigi Filosso, Alberto Arezzo and Enrico Ruffini in Tumori Journal

Diffuse bleeding after chest wall and spine resection represents a major problem in General Thoracic Surgery. Several fibrin sealants (FS) have been developed over the years and their use has been gradually increasing over time, becoming an important aid to the surgeons, justifying their use across numerous fields of surgery due to its valid haemostatic properties. Among the several FS available, TachoSil® (Takeda Austria GmbH, Linz, Austria) stands out for its haemostatic and aerostatic properties, the latter being demonstrated even in high-risk patients after pulmonary resections for primary lung cancers. Several papers available in literature demonstrated TachoSil®’s effectiveness in controlling intraoperative and postoperative bleeding in different surgical branches, including hepatic and pancreatic surgery, as well as cardiac and thoracic surgery. However, the use of TachoSil® to control diffuse bleeding following major resections for advanced lung cancers, with requirement of chest wall and vertebral body resection for oncological radicality, was never published so far. In this paper, we report three cases of pulmonary lobectomy associated to chest wall resection and haemivertebrectomy for primary malignant lung neoplasms and for a recurrence of malignant solitary fibrous tumour of the pleura in which we used TachoSil©, which demonstrated its efficacy in controlling diffuse bleeding following resection.