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Title: The effect of initial position in ankle joints on the muscle activity of the quadriceps femoris during reverse Nordic Hamstring Exercise measured using surface electromyography Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare the effect of a different initial position of ankle joints on the muscular activity of the m. quadriceps femoris during performing rNHE, which can be recorded by surface electromyography. Methods: Two variants of the initial position of the ankle joint were performed during the rNHE exercise. The first variant was performed with dorsal flexion in the ankle joint and the second variant was performed with plantar flexion of the ankle joint. Overal 33 probands were selected for this research. The selection was intentional due to the nature of the study and it participants represented a healthy population. Each variant of the rNHE was performed 3 times, the duration of one repetition was 3 s, the angular velocity was 30 ř / s. Muscle activity of the rectus femoris, lateral vastus muscle and medial vastus muscle was measured using surface electromyography. Results: The results demonstrate the effect of a change in the initial position of the ankle joint on the muscle activity of the quadriceps femoris muscle during the reverse Nordic Hamstring Exerice. We recorded an...

Title: The effect of starting position in hip joints on the muscle activity of the quadriceps femoris muscle during the Reverse Nordic Hamstring Exercise evaluated using surface electromyography. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether a change in the initial position in the hip joints (in terms of rotation in hip joints) during the Reverse Nordic Hamstring Exercise (rNHE) will cause a change in muscle activity in every part of the quadriceps femoris muscle, which can be recorded by surface electromyography. Methods: Overall 40 participants were selected for this research. The selection was intentional due to the nature of this study and it participants represented a healthy population. They were randomly divided into two groups. All participants started by performing rNHE with a neutral position in hip joints, then (depending on the group they were members of) performed rNHE with internal or external rotation in the hip joints. Each variant of rNHE was performed 3 times and it took 3 seconds to perform this exercise (angular velocity 30 ř per second). During the exercise, the muscular activity of the rectus femoris, the medial vastus and lateral vastus muscles on both lower limbs was measured using surface electromyography. Results: The results show that a change in the starting...

Title: Strategy of postural stabilisation using unstable surface and water barrel. Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the level of muscle actiavtion of choosen muscles during lunge on unstable surface or with using water barrel. Investigation of the postural strategy used during lunge orn unstable surface or with the water barrel and creation of methodology for measurment and data analysis. Methods: Into this pilot study, there were picked 5 people (athletes). Data for outcomes where used from 3 athletes. The measurement of level of muscle activation were done by surface electromyography over gluteus medius muscle and musculi multifidii bilaterally.For data procession was used software Origin 2012 Postural stability was measured through force plates by Kistler and gained data were procesed by using software programmes Bioware, MS Excel and Matlab. For data analysis from EMG measurement was used simple comparasion of outcomes. Stabilometry outcomes were analysed by statistical methode t-test. Results: The results indicate greater level of muscle activation during lunge with aquabag than lunge on unstable surface for most of the measured muscles. The only exception, where level of muscle activity was higher, was multifidi muscle on rear leg. Another outcome proved that the postural...

Title: Effect of strength training on postural stabilisation. Objectives: The main objective of the theoretical part of the thesis was to summarize the knowledge concerning postural stabilization, strength training and possibilities of postural stability evaluation. The aim of the practical part was to find out what is the effect of strength training on postural stabilization. Methods: The thesis was measured in the premises of the Laboratory of Biomechanics FTVS UK in Prague and was attended by 10 probands. Participants underwent a four-week training plan to develop general strength abilities. We evaluated the impact of strength training by our provocation test and its 3D kinematic analysis using Qualisys optical system. The measurement consisted of an input part before the intervention and an output part after the intervention. The measured values were analyzed in Qualisys Track Manager and then transferred to Microsoft Excel, where they were evaluated and compared. Results: The results showed a significant difference between input and output measurements of postural stabilization. There was a significant improvement in stabilization after four weeks of training, with a noticeable improvement in stabilization on the lower left limb. Properly selected strength exercise has a positive effect on...

Author: Bc. Zuzana Vacková Title: Effect of Barefoot shoes on the footprint loading Objectives: The aim of this experiment is to evaluate if barefoot shoes affect the size of vertical component of contact force during walking on a smooth non- abrasive surface during normal conditions. Furthermore to find out which parameters can be used to monitor the degree of convergence foot behaviour during the stance phase of gait cycle with the barefoot and barefoot shoes. Methods: Seven probands (4 women, 3 men) aged 23 to 25 years participated at the study. The dynamic gait parameters (reaction forces from the pad) were measured using Kistler force plates in the extreme load laboratory at FTVS UK. Probands after introduction to the experiment went repeatedly over the power plate subjectively comfortable speed. The first measurement were done while walking in the barefoot type of shoes. The second measurement was barefoot walking. It was a one-time measurement. The obtained data were exported from BioWare® program into MS Excel. The final data processing was carried out in the MatLab program, where the necessary graphs of reaction forces and their evaluation were created. Results: All contact forces and their resultant and CoP coordinates were recorded during measurements. Only the vertical contact force...

Title: The effect of foam roller on muscle tone after physical load Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to summarize theoretical knowledge about muscle, changes in muscle tension and possibilities of its affect. The aim of the practical part was to find out the effect of the foam roller on muscle tone after exercise. Methods: Practical part of this thesis was processed in biomechanical laboratory at FTVS UK in Prague and included 16 probands. We measured muscle tone of biceps brachii, m. triceps surae and m. quadriceps femoris before exercise, then the probands performed an activity aimed at increasing the muscular tension of the musculature mentioned above, after which we measured the muscle tension again. The foam rolling of each muscle group lasted for 60 seconds and then we measured the muscle tone for the last time. A myotonometer device was used and the data were transmitted by KISTLER MULTICHANNEL CHARGE AMPLIFIER and processed by the DeweSoftX3 (64 bit) programme in SIRIUS DEWEsoft S-BOX2 computer. At the end, we compared measured values with subjective sensations of the probands who filled quick questionnaire. Results: The measurement showed that after exercise, the muscular tensions of the muscle groups we selected increased, and at the same time that the application of the foam roller...

Author: Jiří Bešťák Title: The effect of footwear on walking and running of patients with an amputation Objective: The main objective of this bachelor thesis is assess the effect of footwear on prosthetic gait and make view of this theme. The thesis is focused on anterior posterior ground reaction force and its changes with variations of footwear. Methods: Four probands (one woman, three men) with transtibial and transfemoral amputation participated at the study. Their age was 20 to 60 years during the study. A condition for inclusion in the study was people with transtibial/transfemoral amputation, degree of activity greater than two, absence of subjective symptoms, traumatic injury. The issue is one-time measurements in the extreme load laboratory at FTVS UK. Kinematics dats from the Kistler force plates are subject to measurements. The obtained data were exported from Qualisys Track Manager software througt the text document into MS Excel. The data were appropriately adjusted for subsequent processing and evaluation in MATLAB. The resulting data were compared individual. Results: The results demonstrated that flat shoe did not affect anterior posterior ground reaction force. Barefoot gait rather did not affect anterior posterior ground reaction force. Gait on hiking shoe rather affected anterior...

Title: The effect of airway control on stance dynamic stability Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to find out whether and how will the influence of vocal cords modulation be manifested on the dynamic stabilization of the standing body during translational shifts of the supporting surface of different intensities and A-P directions. Thus, building on the findings of Massery et al (2013). Methods: The thesis has the character of qualitative research. The experiment was attended by 23 healthy probands, of which 7 men and 16 women aged 20-40 years. Spirometry was used to test the objectivity of airway airflow during breathing / phoning maneuvers with different vocal cords positioning and dynamic computer posturography using the Neurocom Smart Equi Test System and its Motor Control Test, which evaluated the effectiveness of automatic postural responses. We connected the posturograph with the spirometer using the Kistler accelerometer (type 8766A100BB). The course of the experiment was simultaneously recorded by a camera (GoPro Hero 7). The Smart EquiTest System generated three postural perturbations of different intensity (S - sub treshold, M - threshold, L - saturating) in two directions (anterior translation / posterior translation). The measured data were then processed in the program Neurocom...

Title: Corrected arm hang as a compensatory element in physioterapy Objective: The main objective of this master thesis is to measure and compare the level of engagement of muscles stabilizing the scapula during arm hang and supported exercise. Methods: Our study included nine probands whose measurement results were evaluated quantitatively. The age of probands at the time of measurement was from 18 to 25 years. A condition for inclusion in the investigated group was absence of subjective symptoms, functional impairment, traumatic injury, orthopedic defects or diseases of the upper limb. All probands were active athletes. Biomonitor ME 6000 manufacturer Mega Electronics Ltd. was used for recording the electrical activity of the muscles. The obtained data were processed by the Megawin software. All measurements for the purposes of the study took place in the laboratory of biomechanics FTVS UK. The resulting data were compared intraindividual and interindividual. Results: The results demonstrated that middle and lower portions of m. Trapezius is more active in the corrected arm hang. In contrast, the supported exercise leads to greater activity of m. Serratus anterior and lower activity of upper portion of m. Trapezius. Keywords: arm hang, supported exercise, surface electromyography, stabilization...

Title Acute effect of static and dynamic stretching on vertical jump. Objectives The aim of this thesis is to assess whether it is better to warm up by static or dynamic stretching in order to improve performance in the vertical jump. Methods The first part of this thesis is theoretical and is the basis for measurement, which is described in the second part. The tested set consists of ten women volleyball players. Each player underwent three vertical jump measurements on power plates Kistler, which recorded flight time of the player over the plates. All measurements were evaluated afterwards. Five attempts were recorded in each measurement. Measurements were carried out without stretching, after dynamic stretching and after static stretching. The thesis includes a survey that monitors the perception of the players` performance. Results Results of the total tested set measurement show that inclusion of dynamic stretching during the warm up leads to a slight decline in the physical performance. This decrease presents about 0.92%. Another conclusion of this research is that the inclusion of static stretching to the warm up also results in a slight decrease in the athletic performance. In this case the decrease is about 1.72%. In a direct comparison of these two types of stretching, the inclusion of...

The goal of this thesis was to invent and perform a testing protocol, witch can detect connective tissue mechanical and structural properties simultaneously in patients with clubfoot. Based on literature findings, it was presumed that connective tissue differ between medial and lateral side of foot. Because of low availability of specimen, it was important to draw and mention crucial alterations of testing protokol, for minimization of failed measurments. For reasons above, two specimens diveded into two samples was used for experiment. Described and discused methodics may enable of reader to insigt to drawbacks of this examination. For usability of this protocol, a setting and testing of few hypotheses was performed. One axis tensial testing with SHG microscopy examination was used in combination for experiment. One of the main result was finding, that structural differencies witch were expected, were not distinctive in samples in untensioned state. But, distingtive differencies may be drawed in tensioned samples. This differences for low number of specimen, cannot show any tendence. Results of tensial testing showed, that samples from medial side of foot can have higher toughness and higher fragility. For future acquisition of tendencies in specimen differencies, it is important to set particular...

Title: The influence of barefoot running on running kinetics. Objectives: The aim of this work is to assess the influence of different footwear (regular running shoes, barefoot footwear and barefoot running) on footstrike (rear-foot strike, mid-foot strike and fore-foot strike) during running and evaluate the action of reaction forces in different types of footstrike. Methods: In this study participated 11 runners (only men), who were divided in three groups based on their preferred footwear. Kinetic data (reaction forces) were collected by using a Kistler force plate, which was crossed by the participants with subjectively chosen speed. Kinematic parameters of running (speed) and video recordings of a single footstrikes were obtained by using a Qualisys system of optoelectronic stereophotogrammetry. All the measurements occurred during one day. Collected data were exported to Microsoft Excel 2013 programme, where the graphs of reaction forces were created and to Qualisys Track Manager software. Assessment was based on created graphs and video recordings. Results: The results show that runners wearing regular running shoes preferred a rear- foot strike, while among runners in barefoot footwear a fore-foot strike than mid-foot strike prevailed a bit. Among barefoot runners dominated a fore-foot...

Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteins, particularly their structures and functions. Proteomics has been utilized in medicine for investigation of disease mechanisms and biomarker discovery. Instrumental methods cover sample preparation, protein and peptide separation and mass spectrometry. At present, there is no proteomic method that can be used as universal for every sample. Analytical methods need to be adapted and optimized for certain samples. The aim of this work was to create methodic procedures and to interpret results of experimental and clinical research. The first part of the thesis includes experiments utilizing proteomics to study changes in the plasma proteome clinically relevant porcine model of sepsis-induced peritonitis. Proteomic analyzes were also starting methodological strategies in experiments aimed at kidney physiology and pathophysiology of acute kidney injury during sepsis. Renal biopsies were analyzed in order to study the time course of proteome changes caused by sepsis and surgery. The second part of the thesis contains experiments studying biocompatibility. A method for elution of proteins interacting with adsorbents used in extracorporeal liver support system and with hemodialyzer capillaries was prepared. Analysis of proteins adsorbed to polysulfone...

Title: Influence of horse breed and type of terrain on activation of the abdominal muscles in hippotherapy. Purposes: The aim of the study is to find out if horse breed and type of terrain approaches muscle activation in the position of unassisted sitting Methods: The study is of intraindividual character and incudes theoretical and practical part. The activation of abdominal muscles was measured by using surface electromyography and kinematic analysis. Results: There was differance between muscle activation with a different type of terrain. Horse breed does not influence a muscle activation but the individual biomechanic of each horse. Key words: hippotherapy, hipporehabilitation, horse breed, activation of abdominal muscles, unassisted seat, therapeutic horseback riding, electromyography

The goal of this thesis was to find a suitable method for evaluating structural changes of scaffolds as influenced by external mechanical pressure and to verify the validity of hypothesis which assumes a change of directionality of fibers and also thinning of fibers according to the stretching of a scaffold. Assumptions formulated in these three hypothesis were tested on a scaffold with a plasma surface treatment and without any plasma surface treatment. To examine structural changes an electrone microscope was used to observe the surface of scaffolds. Incurred photos were then processed with the help of automatic software picture analysis and observed data were statisticly evaluated. The result of this experiment is a description of used method which can be used in future for larger studies. It was found that by the effect of external mechanical pressure fibers of examinated scaffolds turn in the direction of the pull. It has also been found that the average thickness of fibers didn't change. Results of this work give insight into the evaluation of structural changes of scaffolds when pressured by an external mechanical power and open possibilities for deeper and more exact research in this field. Key words: scaffold, picture analysis, fiber directionality, fiber thickness.

Title: The effect of box (parabox) on respiratory functions in wheelchair dependent. Aim of thesis: The main objective of this thesis is to present a new kind of sport, a qualitative pilot case study exploring the impact of boxing on respiratory functions in people dependent on wheelchairs. Next prepare a proper research methodology and finally make independent measurements including subjective feeling records of participants. The thesis is divided into two parts. In the first theoretical part, I tried to find out the latest information based on studies and research on the topic. Unfortunately, in the available literature the problem of people in wheelchairs has not yet been completely summarize and a significant number of publications relate exclusively to people with spinal cord lesions. In the second part of my thesis I include the aforementioned research monitories the chase in respiratory function, also depending on the subjective feelings of participants and their overall life valuation. Methodology: The research group consists of 3 participants - men fully attached to wheelchairs, training box once-twice a week. To fulfil the purpose of the research I used both clinical (spirometric measurements) and questionnaire (SQUALA) methods. Data was collected over a period of 2.5 months in the fall...

Title Use of thermal imaging camera in evaluation of kinezio taping impact on shoulder girdle for female volleyball players Objectives Aim of this diploma thesis is to find out how kinezio taping affects the temperature of shoulder girdle during the physical load at female volleyball players' smash Methods The thesis is devided into theoretical part which serves as a basic for research in the second empirical part. The complex will consist of a total of 16 female volleyball players. During the measurement we will examine the effect of kinezio taping on the temperature change of shoulder girdle during the physical activity using the thermal camera before and after a physical activity. And at the remaining eight players we eill record the values before and after physical activity without apllied kinezio tape. Results Using the thermal imaging camera we found out that after application of kinezio tape the temperature in the shoulder girdle at rest raises gradually. The increase of temperature during physical load is in the reporting period lower with applied kinezio tape. Keywords Thermal camera, kinezio taping, shoulder girdle, temperature, blood flow. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Tittle:Influence of drugs from the group SYSADOA for knee osteoarthrosis Objectives:The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the effect of three months use of drugs from the group SASADOA on subjective perception of the difficulties associated with knee osteoarthritis and to determine the intensity of gonarthrosis progression in connection with knee cartilage width. Methods:For the study18 probands were obtained from rehabilitation and orthopedic institutions in Prague. The criterion for recruitmen t was knee joint osteoarthrosis of II. degree. For all participants there was conducted input kinesiology analysis and clinical examination, patient's medical history and filled in WOMAC questionnaire. All participants were sent for an X-ray of the knee. Group of probands was randomly divided into two groups. An experimental group was taking Proenzi 3 plus, a control group was taking placebo. Both groups were taking medications for 12 weeks. After this time the probands arrived to check- up and second filling in of the WOMAC questionnaire. The experimental group that had been taking Proenzi 3 plus received placebo for additional 12 weeks, the control group received Proenzi 3 Plus. After finishing preparations all probands were invited to the last visit where they underwent follow-up examination, the third...

6 Abstract Title: Noninvasive image analysis of hallux valgus. Objectives: Propose a simple, cheap, fast and non-invasive method for diagnostics and monitoring the effect of therapy of hallux valgus deformity. Methods: Evaluation the parameters in X-ray and photography which were taken before and after therapy of hallux valgus. I measured angles on foot in programme AutoCAD and confront the correlation of angles in X-ray and photography. I also looked for an angle similar to the hallux valgus angle. Results: The method of photography can be effective in physiotherapeutic practise. This diploma is a case study, therefore we cannot consider the results implicitly significant. Keywords: Hallux valgus angle, X - ray, photography, HV I angle, HV II angle

Title: Knee - straining of modern gymnasts For the basic study of human movements we need to take into consideration geometry of moving units (bodies), kinematics and dynamics. The theoretical part generally describes all the subjects connected to the research project, especially information about functions of human musculoskeletal system, description of basic biomechanics of knee joint,walking and methods of acquiring and processing of data for kinematic analysis of walking. The experimental part focuses on straining on a knee joint of modern gymnasts. It is a methodical analysis of straining on a knee joint. The foundations for this diploma thesis are data recorded by the Kistler system which we used for measuring of the dynamical part of a jump. We also used the swedish Qualysis Motion Capture system for the kinematic analysis. All the data were processed by Qualysis Track Manager software. The results of the research is kinematical - dynamic analysis, which is further used for the result of full - year of legs - straining of selected type of sport movement. Key words: biomechanics of knee joint, walking, kinematic analysis, gymnastic jumps

Title of the thesis: Identifiers of the hypokinetic stress while driving a car Objectives: This work is part of a long - term study in the field of detection of mechanical features of the spine by TVS (Transfer Vibration through Spine), mainly for diagnostic purposes. The aim is to contribute to the further development and testing of the method. The essential aim is to find such quantitative identifiers, which enable reliable and clear assessment of the qualitative changes in the features of the spine during the given stress (driving a truck). Method: The theoretical part of the thesis consists of literature review, theoretical analysis of the method and characteristics of the mechanical features of the spine. The practical part is performed in the form of an experimental pilot study dealing with the effect of hypokinetic stress (driving a truck) on the change of the parameters of the rheological features of the axial system of an individual human. Results: As part of this work, the TVS methodology was tested to determine the current status of truck drivers, which proved to be sensitive enough. The work was able to define appropriate quantifiers to assess qualitative changes in features of the spine. The overall attenuation of the spine decreased by ride from the original value of 1015:1 to 626:1....

Title: Human axial system: identification of connective tissues changes Objectives: The main objective of this thesis was to compile a review of techniques and methods currently used in identification of connective tissues changes. Methods: The method used in this thesis is a critical literature review - a study of research papers from available information sources accompanied by author's comments. Foreign sources are represented mostly by research papers accessible via electronic archives such as ScienceDirect, Pubmed, Springer, Wiley. Also other foreign publications were used. The theoretical part is focused on basic anatomy and physiology of the spine and states main methods of identification of connective tissues changes involved in this area. The main part describes particulars of researches dedicated to identification of functional and morphological characteristics of different spinal components. Results: In addition to classic methods of spinal research, the thesis introduces also new developing techniques and methods. Procedures used in current research are described; their advantages and limits are explained. Key words: spine, biomechanics, loading, intervertebral disc, method

Disease and diagnosis of cardiovascular system Abstract In this bachelor's thesis, we are dealing with cardiovascular diagnostic methods and the most common diseases affecting the cardiovascular system. The text briefly introduces the basic diagnostic methods of the cardiovascular system. Furthermore, we focus on the most common heart diseases and possible diagnosis using these methods. Out of these diagnostic methods, we will focus on the CVS method (Classification of cardiovascular system), which is developed by the Institute of Thermomechanics AS CR in cooperation with the Faculty of Physical Education and sport, from which we are expecting in future the prediction of hypertension. This work also serves as a theoretical basis for the future experimental part of the research. Keywords: atherosclerosis, hypertension, diagnostic methods of cardiovascular system, diseases of cardiovascular system, CVS

Title: Effect of physiotherapy in respiratory diseases during healing stays Objective: The main objective of this work is to analyze the importance of physiotherapy as one of the treatments used in the care of pediatric patients with bronchial asthma. Method: In the theoretic part of the dissertation anatomy and physiology of the respiratory tract, respiratory biomechanics, problems of asthma bronchiale, possibilities of asthma treatment, prevention and improvement of quality of life in children with respiratory difficulties under physiotherapy are discussed. The practical part is made as a pilot experimental study of influence of various physiotherapy unit length on patiens respiratory parameters. For monitoring of changes in respiratory displays standardized spirometry measurement was provided supplemented by electronic stethoscope examination. Results: The positive effect of respiratory and movement physiotherapy in children with asthma bronchiale was demonstrated. Further the optimal length of one therapeutic unit in the interval between 10 and 30 minutes was defined. Key words: Asthma bronchiale, spirometry, respiratory physiotherapy, school age

Title: Hypokinetic load Identificators by driving vehicle Objectives: Development and testing of methods for determining changes in the mechanical parameters of the axial system of professional long-distance drivers. Design and testing procedure for clinical and physical examination sensitive to changes, that occur due to vibration and static load when driving the truck. Methods: TVS method, morphology of the spine, measurement of vibration exposure Results: TVS method that was used in the thesis has proved to provide information on the resonant frequency of the resonant frequency and the total attenuation of the spine with sufficient precision to ride their influence was clearly identifiable. Used accelerometer measurement of oscillations vibrational excitation spine has also proved applicable and provides objective parameters. Keywords: TVS method, vibration, hypokinesia, acceleration, driving, LBP

Author: Bc. Petra Mertová Title: The effect of kinesiotape application on rheological properties of the knee joint with chondromalacia patellae Problem definition: Chondromalacia patellae is a very frequent diagnosis related to knee injuries. Diagnosing chondromalacia is very difficult. Knee arthroscopy is the best method for evaluating the cartilage condition, however this technique is invasive. Kinesiotaping is a therapeutic method extensively used to affect knee pain. Patellar taping is an effective method in improving symptoms resulting from patellofemoral joint problems, nevertheless the evaluation of its effect has not yet been objectively investigated. Aim of the thesis: The aim of this study is firstly to discover the possibility to noninvasively detect chondromalacia patellae using the method of biorheometry and secondly to discover the impact of kinesiotaping on rheological properties of the knee joint with chondromalacia patellae. Method: The designed experiment was performed as a pilot case study using the method of biorheometry. The history of the patient was monitored using a questionnaire and by a clinical examination of the knee joint. Two questionnaires were created to evaluate the functional state of the knee joint. Measurements were done on a special device called biorheometer....

Transfer Vibration through Spine Abstract In the bachelor project we deal with the topic of Transfer Vibration through Spine. The problem of TVS is trying to be solved by the critical review method. We analyse some diagnostic methods and methods of treatment based on this principle. Close attention is paid to the method of Transfer Vibration through Spine that is being currently solved by The Research Institute of Thermomechanics in The Czech Academy of Sciences in cooperation with Faculty of Physical Education and Sport. In the text are also searched mathematical description and biomechanical qualities of spine system that are related to these mentioned methods. The project is also used as a theoretical base for future experimental part of the research. Keywords: mechanical wave, intervertebral disc, spine, Transfer Vibration through Spine, connective tissue.

Title: Analysis of plantar pressures distribution at patients after microdiscectomy L5/S1 Author: Petra Végsöová Objective: The topic of the thesis is to analyze distribution of plantar pressure at "broken" and "healthy" foot. The work is based on comparison of plantar pressure distribution on "broken and healthy" footprint in static position before and after intensive daily rehabilitation. Method of solution: Twelve 40-65 years-old individuals were chosen for the study. They were treated for L5/S1 microdiscectomy and rehabilitated daily at Rehabilitation clinic Malvazinky in Prague. This group of individuals was examined in two ways; by a physiotherapist, who analysed their state of health using kinesiology analysis, and by Plantograph V07, which is used for examination of state of pressure between sole of foot and miniature pressure sensors shaped in a grid. Three weeks of rehabilitation was ended by the same ways of examination used at the beginning of therapy. The results were processed and compared by a computer. Key words: back pain, radicular syndrome, microdiscectomy, radicular pain, analysis of plantar pressures, plantograph

Work title: The response of the visual system when driving a car in real conditions and in a simulator during a parallel motor task. Aims: To implement a laboratory measurement in a driving simulator and in real conditions during a parallel motor task. To track the response of the visual system during the task and to determine potential differences in the response of the visual system and in the speed in the simulator and in the real car environment. Methods: The laboratory measurement was realized in a driving simulator OCTAVIA II. The measurement in real conditions was realized in Škoda Octavia as well. The eye-tracking method was used to track the drivers` eyes. Results: In the simulator the more experienced driver managed to do the parallel motor task within a shorter period of time than the less experienced driver, lower frequency of looks at the radio during the tasks with the more experienced driver was not proved. There was not an evidence of more balanced speed during the drive with the more experienced driver in the simulator. On the average the driver spent shorter time doing the tasks in the real environment than in the simulator and the total number of looks at the radio was lower. The speed of the drive in the real environment was lower than the speed in the simulator. Key words:...

Title: Instrumental Gait Analysis in the ACL Patient Aim: to present an up to date review on the topic of instrumental analysis of straight ahead gait on a plain surface (both over-ground and on a treadmill) in ACL patients (both deficient and reconstructed). A second aim is to introduce the clinician (especially in the field of physiotherapy/rehabilitation) to the topic of gait analysis and its specific use for the ACL patient. Methods: a systematic review on the topic Results The review answers the questions of what instrumentation, phases of gait and variables is best to use/measure for clinical purposes. It also identifies and discusses three main gait strategies used by ACL patients: quadriceps avoidance, knee stiffening, pivot shift avoidance. Keywords: gait, analysis, walking, clinical, instrumental, anterior cruciate ligament, ACL, deficient, reconstruction, injury

The study is based on the program of monitoring of the state of surgically created vascular accesses by measuring the vascular access blood flow (QVA). Besides the comprehensive analysis of factors influencing the value of QVA it discussed in detail hemodynamic changes caused by the presence of non-physiological arteriovenous anastomosis. The study is based on data acquired in the course of more than 10 years during which this program has been routinely used and is based on data from 506 patients with a total of 4,296 measurements of QVA. In patients, QVA is significantly inter- and intraindividually variable. QVA is significantly influenced by multiple factors and corresponds also to the overall health of the patient. No simple factor has been proven to predominantly influence QVA. The study points out the significant long-term physiological variability of QVA (23%) as a parameter that was not taken into account despite its importance in deciding on the correct indication of radiological interventions. The study also analyzes the strong correlation between QVA and cardiac output. It brings a new method of evaluation of the influence of vascular access on myocardium through a calculation of the load of left ventricle and shows that there is a strong non-linear dependency between the flow and the...

The Influence of Shoulder Protraction Correction to the Postural Stability Abstract This work is focused on postural stability from the view of physiotherapy and biomechanics. The basic theme was to find out to what degree the correction of shoulder protraction will influence the postural stabilization of modified tip-toe standing position. For this purpose was set up a special methodic for measuring and data evaluation. Within filling the project of this work, there was suggested and performed a special method of measuring on 2 Kistler force plates, when 1 of the plates was fixed in ½ m. height from the ground on a special inclined construction. The angle of the plate with the ground contained 60ž. There were 5 probands involved in the experiment (aged 20-30 years, having shoulder protraction without any pathology of these joints). The probands were separated up to 3 groups in compliance with the degree of shoulder protraction. Each proband was measured before and after the therapy on the 2 Kistler plates in an oblique tip-toe stand with one upper extremity leaned against the plate in 60ž abduction. The Kistler plates were placed under the lower extremities and the one upper extremity and the measuring took 30 sec. on the left and 30 sec. on the right upper extremity. The therapy took 30 minutes and it was...

This diploma thesis deals with complex quality assessment of catheterization programme run at Strahov Internal Medicine Department of the General Faculty Hospital in Prague. The evaluation was done according to K/DOQI 2006 international guidelines. The aim was to evaluate primary success of catheterization, probability of maintaining catheter functionality in time, the risk of its thrombotization and presence of infection. The evaluation was performed using Kaplan-Meier method. Moreover, the effect of additional enhancements for maintaining catheter functionality (TEGO Connector, Biopatch, heparin and Citra-LockTM) and the predictive value of selected hematologic parameters of long-term functionality of the catheters (hematocrit, plasma D-dimers) was assessed. The latter was performed on a small sample of patients. The possibility of detection of the catheter point position by measuring recirculation and its effect on dialysis was investigated by comparing X-ray control of the catheter point position to the value of recirculation measured on catheters connected either normally or inversely to the extracorporeal circulation device. Significance of the pressure values measured at input and output catheter lines was evaluated as a possible marker of the catheter functionality. Based on the analysis results,...

Diplomová práce se zabývá problematikou častých bolestí kolen u florbalových brankářů a především možnými příčinami. Teoretická část práce obsahuje shrnutí poznatků k problematice kolenního kloubu z oblasti anatomie, patologie, kineziologie, biomechaniky a reologie. Věnuje se popisu fyzických nároků na tyto sportovce a specifickému pohybu brankáře. V části experimentální je popsán samotný výzkum, ke kterému bylo přizváno 13 probandů, florbalových brankářů, 5 žen a 8 mužů (15-28 let). K výzkumu byly použity tři metody: měření pasivního odporu kloubu pomocí přístroje bioreometru, určení míry lateralizace pately na rentgenových snímcích kolenních kloubů a získání informací o sportovní zátěži a zdravotním stavu probandů pomocí speciálního dotazníku. Všechny získané informace a výsledky byly dále porovnávány a byla hodnocena míra jejich korelace. V závěrečné části práce jsou zhodnoceny výsledky výzkumu a z toho vyplývající možné příčiny bolestí kolenních kloubů, k nimž patří například patelofemorální syndrom. Abstract This thesis deals with a problem of frequent knee pain of floorball goalkeepers and their possible causes. The theoretical part summarizes knowledge about knee joint of the anatomy, patology, kinesiology, biomechnics and rheology. Describes physical demands on these...

The task of this work was to evaluate the possibility of using microwave sensors to assess hydration status in dialysis patients. For this purpose it was necessary to evaluate existing methods of monitoring fluid balance and determining the optimal postdialysis weight (dry weight) in dialysis patients, become acquainted with contemporary equipment techniques for monitoring blood volume and study the possibilities of microwave technology for monitoring of changes in tissue hydration. To confirm the usefulness of this original method was performed in GHz measurements in vivo, which was divided into three parts - measuring a group of healthy subjects, measuring a group of dialysis patients during hemodialysis (HD) and additional measurements. When the sensor were applicated on the forearm changes in resonant frequency, quality factor or Q-factor and the amplitude changes were observed. In healthy subjects assessed the effects of sex, age and BMI (body mass index). In dialysis patients were evaluated correlations of observed GHz parameters changes compared with data obtained by ultrafiltration indicated by dialysis machine. Both groups were supplemented by bioimpedance spectroscopic examination. Additional measurements was verifying factors that could affect the reproducibility and the resulting value (the...

Title: Effect of prophylactic and functional knee brace and knee sleeve on plantar pressure distribution during stance phase of gait in healthy individuals Summary: Knee bracing is a very commonly used method by both doctors and patients. Brace producers and also most of the studies focus the effect of the brace directly on the knee joint, but do not study, how it influences other regions of human body. This work studied the influence of knee bracing on plantar pressure distribution changes and also changes of the progression of the centre of pressure (COP). This study rewiewed the literature for the theoretical background in biomechanics and kinesiology of gait, description of structural, functional and methodological factors influencing the dynamic interaction of the foot contacting the ground and a review of knee brace questions. The experimental part concerns a study of the gait of 6 healthy subjects using a Footscan platform and the effects of three types of knee braces on the dynamic interaction of the foot contacting the ground. Methods: We used the Footscan modular measuring system (RSscan International, Belgium) and the force platform Kistler to detect both relative and absolute values of forces and plantar pressures under particular regions of the foot using three types of knee braces....

Work objectives : Determination of body segment transfer function as a vibration response depends on vibration-loading time. Determination of transfer function in limited frequency range coresponding with thesis scope, representing vibration loading in the best way (for example car driving). Methods : Transfer functions were set by experimental measuring in laboratory and in situ, while vehicle driving. Measuring were realized in two times, before and after vibration loading of body segment. Results of each measuring were compared with others. Results : By comparing measuring results it is obvious that body response values are lower after aplication of vibration loading than before. Subsequently, stiffness of analysed body segment increases with rising length of loading, eg. body fatigue. Measuring results show, moreover that transfer function is considerably influenced by body posture, respectively by its position. Key words : monotony, transfer function, vibrations

Work title: The discomfort experienced by racing drivers when driving in comparison to the discomfort experienced by ordinary drivers ofpassenger cars. Work objectives: The objective of this theses is actual detection of discomfort and comparison of the reaction time of professional racing drivers with drivers of passenger vehicles when driving and mutual comparison of their results. By using subjective and objective methods we will monitor and record how discomfort is manifested by individuals, how it influences their complexly dealing with movement manoeuvres and how it changes in time during the course of driving.. Method: Three professional racing drivers and a sample of randomly chosen subjects ranging in age from 20-28 years were tested in a reaction and decision making test, requiring reactions to visual impulses from the upper and lower limbs. Additional tests evaluated the discomfort ofthe test subjects and the current mental state ofthe individua!. Results: With regard to the current mental state of the individua! the mood profile of the professional drivers was 5 points more stable, which shows that the racing drivers have a greater mental endurance in comparison to ordinary passenger vehicle drivers. The discomfort intensity was 5.34 points lower for professional drivers compared to...

Work title: The vibration loading of the human organism through the child safety seats as a potential source of discomfort Work objectives: Describe possibilities of the detection of the monotonous loading as one of the reasons of the discomfort of the child safety seat. Experi mental comparing of three types fixation of child safety seats: 1. fixation by help of the seat belt; 2. fixation by the help of the system ISOFIX; 3. fixation by the help of both previous systems (safety belt and system ISOFIX) Metod: Experimental measurement of vibrations of the child safcty seat which was fixed by the help of the seat belt, child safety seat fixed by the system ISOFIX and child safety seat fixed by the help of both previous systéme (safety belt and system ISOFIX). And then following comparing of the transfer of these vibrations to passengers bodies which shall show contingent difťerences between various child saťety seats. Results: There are differences of transmissibility of vibrations by various types of fixation. In these experimental study the child safety seat fixed by help of safety belt and system ISOFIX in the same time is the best absorber of vibrations. Key words: Child safety seats, Child, Monotony, Vibrations 2