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This paper introduces ChinaOpen, a dataset sourced from Bilibili, a popular Chinese video-sharing website, for open-world multimodal learning. While the state-of-the-art multimodal learning networks have shown impressive performance in automated video annotation and cross-modal video retrieval, their training and evaluation have primarily been conducted on YouTube videos with English text. Their effectiveness on Chinese data remains to be verified. In order to support multimodal learning in the new context, we construct ChinaOpen-50k, a webly annotated training set of 50k Bilibili videos associated with user-generated titles and tags. Both text-based and content-based data cleaning are performed to remove low-quality videos in advance. For a multi-faceted evaluation, we build ChinaOpen-1k, a manually labeled test set of 1k videos, wherein each video is accompanied with a manually checked user title and a manually written caption. Besides, each test video is manually tagged to describe what visual entities / actions / scenes are present in the visual content. The original user tags are also manually checked. Moreover, with all the Chinese text translated into English, ChinaOpen-1k is also suited for evaluating models trained on English data. In addition to ChinaOpen, we propose Generative Video-to-text Transformer (GVT) for Chinese video captioning. We conduct an extensive evaluation of the state-of-the-art single-task / multi-task models on the new dataset, resulting in a number of novel findings and insights.

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have become a defacto paradigm for graph representation learning. Generally, GNNs are trained in an end-to-end manner with supervision, requiring considerable task-specific labeled data. To reduce the labeling burden, recent works leverage self-supervised tasks to pre-train an expressive GNN model on abundant unlabeled data and finetune the trained model on downstream datasets with only a few labels. However, existing GNN pre-training approaches only concentrate on a single view for graph self-supervised learning while ignoring the rich semantic information in graphs, leading to the lack of sample utilization efficiency during the pre-training process. To tackle such challenges, we propose a multi-view graph contrastive encoding for graphs during GNN pre-training, called MVRACE. The critical insight is that we construct node and graph-level views to capture local attribute information and global structure in a graph. Concretely, the node-level view utilizes graph centrality and encodes the $r$-ego network to capture the local-whole relationship in a graph. The graph-level view aims to encode graph pairs to explore different graph structures and empower the discrimination ability of the GNN encoder. In addition, we combine multi-views with a joint contrastive loss function to integrate node- and graph-semantic information simultaneously. Comprehensive experiments on multiple domain datasets demonstrate that our approach can significantly yield competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art methods.

Warm-sector torrential rainfall (WSTR) events that occur in the annually first rainy season in south China are characterized by high rainfall intensity and low radar echo centroids. To understand the synoptic characteristics related to these features, 16 WSTR events that occurred in 2013-2017 were examined with another 16 squall line (SL) events occurred during the same period as references. Composite analysis derived from ERA-Interim reanalysis data indicated the importance of the deep layer of warm and moist air for WSTR events. The most significant difference between WSTR and SL events lies in their low-level convergence and lifting; for WSTR events, the low-level convergence and lifting is much shallower with comparable or stronger intensity. The trumpet-shaped topography to the north of the WSTR centers is favorable for the development of such shallow convergences in WSTR events. Results in this study will provide references for future studies to improve the predictability of WSTR.

We propose a novel collaborative discriminative model based on extreme learning machine (ELM) for object tracking in this paper. In order to represent the object more precisely, we first propose a new collaborative discriminative representation model, which includes both a global discriminative sub-model and a local discriminative sub-model. Different from traditional local representation models, in particular, our local sub-model integrates several classifiers which have structural relations to improve the expression. The global discriminative model represents the appearance comprehensively while the local discriminative sub-model can effectively address occlusions and assist the update. Second, to have better combination of these sub-models, we propose a novel collaboration strategy based on the Kullback-Leibler (KL) distance. The novel strategy can determine the weights of the sub-models adaptively by measuring their KL distances reciprocally. Third, we introduce ELM into tracking and adopt it to build both the global and the local discriminative sub-models simultaneously. Since ELM has a good generalization performance and is robust to the imbalance of the training samples, it is suitable to be used for tracking. Experimental results demonstrate that our method can achieve comparable performance to many state-of-the-art tracking approaches.

Cellular Automata (CA) are widely used to model the dynamics within complex land use and land cover (LULC) systems. Past CA model research has focused on improving the technical modeling procedures, and only a few studies have sought to improve our understanding of the nonlinear relationships that underlie LULC change. Many CA models lack the ability to simulate the detailed patch evolution of multiple land use types. This study introduces a patch-generating land use simulation (PLUS) model that integrates a land expansion analysis strategy and a CA model based on multi-type random patch seeds. These were used to understand the drivers of land expansion and to investigate the landscape dynamics in Wuhan, China. The proposed model achieved a higher simulation accuracy and more similar landscape pattern metrics to the true landscape than other CA models tested. The land expansion analysis strategy also uncovered some underlying transition rules, such as that grassland is most likely to be found where it is not strongly impacted by human activities, and that deciduous forest areas tend to grow adjacent to arterial roads. We also projected the structure of land use under different optimizing scenarios for 2035 by combining the proposed model with multi-objective programming. The results indicate that the proposed model can help policymakers to manage future land use dynamics and so to realize more sustainable land use patterns for future development. Software for PLUS has been made available at https://github.com/HPSCIL/Patch-generating_Land_Use_Simulation_Model

BACKGROUND To explore the diagnostic value of sagittal measurement of thoracic inlet parameters for degenerative cervical spondylotic myelopathy (DCSM). MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty patients with DCSM (study group) and the same number of normal subjects (control group) were initially enrolled in the study. All data from X-ray in the standing position and computed tomography (CT) in the supine position were collected and carefully analyzed. Cervical sagittal parameters, including C2-C7 angle, C2-C7 sagittal vertical axis (C2-C7 SVA), T1 slope, thoracic inlet angle (TIA), and neck tilt (NT), were measured at the lateral radiographs by using standard X-rays and CT. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were carried out to explore the diagnostic value of cervical sagittal parameters for the DCSM. RESULTS All the enrolled patients in the study and control groups completed the follow-up, and the mean follow-up periods were 35.8 months in the study group and 36.3 months in the control group. The DCSM group had smaller T1 slope and TIA when compared with that of the control group (18.14±2.67° vs. 24.16±3.7°, p=0.00; 66.42±12.36° vs. 70.42±10.21°, p=0.01). Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed that preoperative T1 slope of less than 18.5° had significant diagnostic value for the incidence of DCSM (p

Ancient Chinese cartography dates back to the Western Jin Dynasty in the third century. Cartography was initiated during this period by Pei Xiu, a minister and cartographic expert, who suggested six principles of cartography. Pei Xiu, who is known as the father of Chinese cartography, oversaw the completion of the “Yu Gong Regional Maps”, along with 18 articles and the “Terrain Fangzhang Map” (AD 224–271). This led to a number of subsequent cartographic initiatives including the “Wooden Fangzhang Map” (an administrative map) which was completed by Xie Zhuang, a minister during the Southern Dynasties (AD 502–557), “Haineihuayi Tu” (Map of China and its neighbouring countries) (AD 730–805), drawn by Jia Dan, a cartographer of the Tang Dynasty, and “Shouling Tu” (an administrative map, AD 1031–1095), drawn by Shen Kuo, a scientist during the Northern Song Dynasty. Throughout the 16th century, ancient Chinese cartography developed continuously and cumulatively, and formed the specific characteristics of China ancient cartography. Although Western latitude- based and longitude-based mapping techniques introduced to China in AD 1460, the theories and methods of Chinese and Western mapping systems co-existed for over 400 years. The cultural heritage of Chinese cartography can be seen in many famous ancient Chinese maps, including astronomical figures and atlases (world, Chinese, regional, military, water conservancy, historical, and educational maps), charts, and maps of scenic spots. These have hitherto been kept in well-known archives and institutions across the world. They form an important part of the global cultural heritage of ancient maps and cartography. Given their high cultural value, these maps remain an important point of study. This paper provides a preliminary discussion on the rarity, application, and the historical, scientific, and artistic value of ancient Chinese maps.

To evaluate the effect of schistosomiasis control and prevention in Yangxin County from 2004 to 2015, so as to provide the evidence for improving the work of schistosomiasis transmission interrupted and elimination in the future.According to the endemic types and endemic regularity of schistosomiasis in Yangxin County, the comprehensive control strategies were adopted, and the programs related to sanitation, water conservancy, forestry, and agriculture were implemented continuously. The schistosomiasis control effects in this county from 2004 to 2015 were analyzed and compared.After the implementation of the schistosomiasis comprehensive control strategies in Yangxin County, the calculated number of patients reduced from 22 240 in 2004 to 1 471 in 2015, the infection rate of residents reduced from 8.57% in 2004 to 0.16% in 2015, the number of patients with acute schistosome infection reduced from 64 in 2004 to 0, and no cases of acute schistosomiasis found since 2009. The infection rate of cattle decreased from 8.87% in 2004 to 0. The area withSince the comprehensive control strategy implemented from 2004, the endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Yangxin County has decreased significantly. However, the harness force of the Fu River as well as the control of infection source of livestock still should be strengthened to consolidate the control achievement.

Aiming at the problem that the stability of clustering recognition algorithm without any prior information is not enough and the network cluster extraction quality needs to be improved and so on, the original algorithm is improved from the following aspects: The choice of the destination vertex function is added in the random walk; use automatic step number detection method to cancel the original algorithm of random walk steps parameter; add weight of evaluation inter-cluster connection on the original based on cluster extraction conditions; realize the controllable particle size of cluster extraction by introducing the threshold parameter. The test results show that the improved algorithm in terms of anti-jamming in the stability and the clustering quality are higher than the original algorithm.

Cluster network structure is one of the most common topological properties of complex networks and the most important topological attribute, and has the characteristics of the same cluster nodes connected to each other, and the sparse characteristics of the dense clusters interconnected with nodes. To reveal the complex network clustering method of network cluster structure has a very important theoretical significance for the analysis of complex network topology structure, to understand its function, discovering the behavior of the hidden patterns, prediction, and is widely used in social networks, biological networks and the world wide web. This article reviews the research background of the complex network clustering method, research significance, research status at home and abroad as well as the major problems currently facing this new research direction in an attempt to draw a comprehensive and clear outline, to provide a useful reference for researchers of the complex network, data mining, intelligent Web, Bioinformatics and other related fields.

We should construct a spatial database system for mineral resource reserve in Hebei province based on the database with the application of GIS spatial database technology based on the MapGIS software platform. Combined with the construction process of the database, this paper summarizes the problems and the solutions encountered in the construction of large database, and analyzes some techniques the departments of land and resources often use in basic geographic data to discuss with colleagues to further improve the quality and efficiency of database construction.

Mine environmental geological assessment usually uses the expert subjective assignment to determine the weights of affecting factors, but the mine environmental geological problems are the result of many factors. Each factor is complex on the suitability of the influence factors, and the factors interrelate and restrict each other, so the human factor is of great impact. Take the geological quality evaluation of the mine environment of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia mining area as an example, this article discusses in detail the process of determining the weights of evaluation factors by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), which increases the scientific nature of the assignment and reduces the subjectivity, which achieves satisfactory results.

Chongqing Chaotianmen Bridge is by far the world's largest three-span continuous half-through double-layer steel truss tied arch bridge. Risk evaluation and risk analysis are made to the bridge during construction period. At the same time, various measures are taken to avoid construction risks and accidents. The principal line of risk controls is clear with reasonable control measures. Chongqing Chaotianmen Bridge was completed and available for traffic on April 29, 2009, its various technical and quality indicators are in accordance with design and specifications.

A hierarchical model of survival situational awareness is proposed based on multi-feature fusion, which includes three layers: feature fusion layer, situation assessment layer and comprehensive perception layer. In the feature fusion layer, light-computation features and efficient fusion mechanisms are employed to improve degree of differentiation. Situation assessment layer adopted fusion technology of variable fuzzy set theory to improve the accuracy and objectivity of evaluation. Furthermore, time series of services are introduced to judge the safety states and predict the trends in comprehensive perception layer. Experiments indicate that proposed model is more scientific and more accurate, which is valuable for generalizations and applications.

This paper contrastively analyses the consolidation instances of silt with HEC and HAS soil consolidators, also emphatically discusses the influence regularities of the compressive strength of solidified soil with the following factors: the dose of consolidators and the curing time. Meanwhile, from the point of view of experiment, this paper studies the physical and mechanical properties of solidified soil. Case study shows that HEC and HAS soil consolidators behave as well as cement and lime in road-construction engineering, and even that filling subgrade independently. Also, this paper proposes the appropriate value 6% of HEC and HAS soil consolidators for solidifying silt layer, which can be used as reference for the similar geological conditions.

As an example, the design and construction technology of the anti-ship collision suspended steel cofferdam in Shanghai Changjiang River Bridge has been discussed. Design analysis shows that: by using the anti-ship collision suspended steel cofferdam the bridge pier can be protected and adopted lots of collision energy. At the same time, the collision injury degree of the vessel could be reduced. By using the finite element method, the deformation and strain state under the stage of construction and floating-transportation had been analyzed. Considering both the anti-ship collision and the construction, the anti-ship collision suspended steel cofferdam has been designed. In construction stage, the following methods had been developed: the integrally manufacturing method in factory, launching method to river in slideway, fioating-transportion method to the pier position in long distance and set-to-place method by synchronous lifting of two floating cranes. These results listed in this paper are beneficial to the design and construction of the anti-ship collision suspended steel cofferdam.

By the laboratory tests of mixing proportion, this paper contrastively analyzes the consolidation instances of silt with HEC, HAS and cement, also emphatically discusses the influence regularities of the unconfined compression strength of solidified silt with the following factors such as the dose of consolidators and the curing time, which provide reliable data for situ tests. According to the test results in site, the optimum mixing proportion for consolidator-mixed pile is HAS with 12% dose. The result can be used as reference for the optimum mixing proportion design of consolidator-mixed pile composite foundation.

Virus evolves rapidly to escape vaccine-induced immunity, posing a desperate demand for efficient vaccine development biotechnologies. Here we present an express vaccine development strategy based on CRISPR/Cas9 and Cre/Lox system against re-emerging Pseudorabies virus, which caused the recent devastating swine pseudorabies outbreak in China. By CRISPR/Cas9 system, the virulent genes of the newly isolated strain were simultaneously substituted by marker genes, which were subsequently excised using Cre/Lox system for vaccine safety concern. Notably, single cell FACS technology was applied to further promote virus purification efficiency. The combination of these state-of-art technologies greatly accelerated vaccine development. Finally, vaccination and challenge experiments proved this vaccine candidate’s protective efficacy in pigs and the promise to control current pseudorabies outbreak. This is, to our knowledge, the first successful vaccine development based on gene edit technologies, demonstrating these technologies leap from laboratory to industry. It may pave the way for future express antiviral vaccine development.

A real case study for the transformation of Tropical Storm (TS) Haima (2004) into an extratropical cyclone (EC) is carried out numerically since, after landfall, Haima (2004) (as an EC) brought severe weather to a large area (from the south to the north) in China during 13–16 September 2004. With the linear diagnostic model (derived in a previous study) for the tangentially-averaged radial-vertical circulation within vortices moving on the spherical Earth, Haima’s (2004) life cycle is reconstructed noticeably well. Therefore, the major contributor could be identified confidently for Haima’s (2004) extratropical transition based on the diagnostic model outputs. The quantitative comparison shows that up to a 90% contribution to the innerregion updraft and a 55% contribution to the upper-layer outflow come from latent heating during Haima’s (2004) TS stage. Up to a 90% contribution to the inner-region updraft and nearly a 100% contribution to the upper-layer outflow come from the upper-layer eddy angular momentum advection (EAMA) during Haima’s (2004) EC stage. Representing the asymmetric structure of the storm, the predominantly positive contribution of the upper-layer EAMA to Haima’s (2004) transformation is closely associated with the Sshaped westerlies in the upper layer with two jets. One jet in the cyclonic-curvature area carries cyclonic angular momentum into the storm, and the other jet in the anticyclonic-curvature area carries anticyclonic angular momentum out of the storm. Consequently, the newly-increased cyclonic tangential wind is deflected by the Coriolis force to the right to form the upper-layer outflow accompanied by the central-area rising motion, leading to Haima’s (2004) extratropical transition after its landfall.

With the development of fiber sensors, various system-level applications become more and more prevalence, which require high performance optoelectronic signal processing systems to sample and demodulate the sensing signals. For a fiber sensor system used in special environment, to extract the sensors' information effectively, a high speed multi-channel (>32 channels) real-time signal processing and storage system is needed. In this paper, a high performance multichannel embedded signal processing-storage system based on YHFT-QDSP and network-disk has been proposed, which can provide the ability of up to 64 channels sensor signal real-time processing and data storage. The processed sensor data are transmitted through network switch into the network-disk for storage and further process.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of improvement effect of electro-acupuncture at acupoint Neiguan (PC 6) on acute myocardial ischemia (AMI).Methods: Ninety-six rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group, myocardial ischemia model group and myocardial ischemia model plus electro-acupuncture group, the rat model of AMI was established by occlusion of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery, then electro-acupuncture therapy was performed at bilateral acupoint Neiguan (PC 6). The myocardial enzyme activities in plasma was detected with biochemical method, and the myocardial c-fos gene expression was detected with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method.Results: The myocardial enzyme activities in plasma and the myocardial c-fos gene expression in myocardial ischemia model group were obviously higher than those in sham group(P

A distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system based on compensating interferometer is established and a distributed optical fiber vibration waveform detecting technology based on a MZ compensating interferometer and compensating interference of Rayleigh backscattering lights in adjacent areas is put forward. In laboratory experiment, the sensing fiber is a 2500m SM fiber. By exerting 500Hz PZT vibration signals on the fiber at 40m, 430m, and 2500m, the locations of the signals are obtained by phase demodulation. But there is a crosstalk at 40m because of multiple scatterings. The spatial resolution is 40m and the SNR is 18dB.

Trans-arachidonic acids (TAAs), newly discovered markers of nitrative stress and the major products of nitrogen dioxide (NO2(·))-mediated isomerization of arachidonic acid (AA), represent a new mechanism of NO2(·)-induced toxicity. It has been reported that TAAs were generated in oxygen-induced microvascular degeneration model and TAAs were also generated in a diabetic retinopathy (DR) model. In this study, we examined high glucose-induced nitrative stress damage and TAAs levels and explored the possible mechanisms for DR caused by reactive nitrogen species.Diabetic rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at 60 mg/kg. Bovine retinal capillary endothelial cells (BRECs) were selectively cultured and incubated with normal or high glucose. The serum TAAs and AA in diabetic rats were measured by the gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method. The ratio of peak area of TAAs to AA with selected ion of 79 was estimated by a group t-test. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) in the rat retinas and BRECs extracts were examined by Western blotting. The phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) protein was examined by Western blotting in BRECs incubated with high glucose.The TAAs to AA ratio (TAAs/AA) was significantly increased in the serum at 8, 12 and 16 weeks after STZ injection (P0.05), with no noticeable change found at 2 or 4 weeks (P0.05). Expression of TSP-1 in the retina of diabetic rats was progressively elevated according to the duration of diabetes. TSP-1 expression was increased in BRECs incubated with high glucose at 48 hours. Moreover, high glucose also increased ERK1/2 expression, which peaked at 30 minutes and then decreased in the following 48 hours.An elevation of TAAs/AA is associated with high glucose-induced nitrative stress, which probably involves upregulation of TSP-1 through activating ERK1/2.

A new series of anticancer annonaceous acetogenin mimetics were designed, synthesized, and evaluated based on our previously developed compound AA005, in which a variety of conformationally constrained fragments were introduced. Parallel syntheses of all new compounds were accomplished by replacement of the acyclic bis-ether functionality of AA005 with certain conformationally constrained fragments. Slight effects to the anticancer activity were exerted by altering stereochemistries in the middle modification region. Similar to AA005, most newly synthesized mimetics were found to exhibit potent activities against breast cancer cells, and showed satisfactory selectivities between cancerous and non-cancerous cells. An N,N'-dimethyl bis-amide compound 67 exhibits 30 times more potency against MDA-MB-468 cells than its parent molecule AA005. This study indicates that the introduction of appropriate conformational constraints is a useful optimizing tool for this class of anticancer agents. Successes in the bis-amide analogues of AA005 make this unique class of anticancer agents much simpler and more flexible for future further developments.

The polyethylene glycol resin (PEG-Resin) which possesses hydrophilic properties was prepared by grafting the polyethylene glycol onto the chloromethylated copolymer of styrene and divinylbenzene in the presence of concentrated sodium hydroxide solution. The proceeding of the graft reaction was identified by IR spectrum analysis. There factors which affected the grafting reactions were investigated. By using the PEG-Resin polymer support, we compared the reactions for the syntheses of a tetra-peptide and a penta-peptide with the Merrifield solid peptide synthesis. We also measured the reaction kinetics of these reactions. The experimental results showed that by employing the PEG-Resin, the reaction rates and condensation yields of these peptide syntheses were improved.