Search

Liang, Rui-Ru, Zhang, Sheng-Nan, Liu, Jian-Kui (2023): Bambusicola autumnalis sp. nov., a bambusicolous ascomycete from Sichuan province, China. Phytotaxa 601 (3): 203-211, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.601.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.601.3.1

Bambusicola autumnalis R.R. Liang, S.N. Zhang and Jian K. Liu, sp. nov. MycoBank: 847551; FIGURE 2. Etymology: —The epithet “ autumnalis ” refers to the season “autumn” when the fungus was collected. Holotype:—HKAS 126508 Saprobic on dead bamboo branches. Sexual morph: Ascostromata solitary to gregarious, rarely scattered, immersed to erumpent, pseudostromatic, visible as bumped areas with cracks and a central black minute papilla, in vertical section conical to subglobose, ostiolate, periphysate, individual locules 190–325 μm high, 215–295 μm diam (x = 280 × 250 µm, n = 10). Peridium 19–43 μm, composed of several layers of thick-walled, brown cells of textura angularis. Hamathecium 1–1.9 μm wide, trabecular pseudoparaphyses, anastomosing, hyaline, remotely septate. Asci 52–102 × 8–17 µm (x = 71 × 12 µm, n = 20), 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, long cylindric-clavate, shortly pedicellate, apically rounded with a minute ocular chamber. Ascospores 22–30 × 4.5–7 µm (x = 27 × 5 µm, n = 30), overlapping bi-seriate or multi-seriate, fusiform, 1-septate, constricted at the septum, guttulate, smooth-walled, surrounded by a thin, inconspicuous mucilaginous sheath. Asexual morph: Undetermined. Culture characteristics:—Colonies on PDA reaching 28–32 mm after 4 weeks incubated at 25 °C in dark, circular, dry, mycelium velvety, milky white to pale yellow, reverse yellow to light brown. Material examined:— CHINA, Sichuan province, Chengdu city, Chengdu Botanical Garden, 30°76.48’ N, 104°13.03’ E, 516 m elevation, on dead branches of bamboo in a terrestrial environment, 21 Nov. 2022, R.R. Liang, (HKAS 126508, holotype), ex-holotype living culture CGMCC 3.24280; ibid., HUEST 23.0001, isotype, ex-isotype living culture UESTCC 23.0001. Notes:—Multi-gene phylogenetic analysis showed that our isolates belong to Bambusicola and are closely related to B. guttulata (FIGURE 1). However, it is not able to compare their morphology as the latter species only represented by a coelomycetous asexual morph. Nevertheless, Bambusicola autumnalis differs from B. guttulata in their nucleotide sequences, viz. SSU (6/950), ITS (44/450), LSU (17/800), RPB2 (73/993) and TEF1-α (49/959), respectively. Morphologically, Bambusicola autumnalis resembles B. loculata in having stromatic ascomata, 8-spored, cylindric asci, and narrowly fusiform, 1-septate ascospores surrounded by an inconspicuous sheath (Dai et al. 2015). However, they have different dimensions of asci (52–102 × 8–17 μm vs. 80–105 × 8–13 μm) and ascospores (22–30 × 4.5–7 µm vs. 22–26.5 × 5–6), and the bumped ascostromata with cracks of B. autumnalis also differs from B. loculata. Moreover, the two species are phylogenetically distinct (FIGURE 1)., Published as part of Liang, Rui-Ru, Zhang, Sheng-Nan & Liu, Jian-Kui, 2023, Bambusicola autumnalis sp. nov., a bambusicolous ascomycete from Sichuan province, China, pp. 203-211 in Phytotaxa 601 (3) on page 208, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.601.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8141736, {"references":["Dai, D. Q., Bahkali, A. H., Li, W. J., Bhat, D. J., Zhao, R. L. & Hyde, K. D. (2015) Bambusicola loculata sp. nov. (Bambusicolaceae) from bamboo. Phytotaxa 213 (2): 122 - 130. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 213.2.5"]}

What Is Known and Objective. Pyrotinib maleate, also known as pyrotinib, is an irreversible dual receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that primarily targets the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzyme mainly catalyzes pyrotinib, and its metabolism is influenced apparently by CYP3A4 strong inhibitor, but the effect of CYP3A4 moderate inhibitor is still unclear as a moderate inhibitor of CYP3A4 enzyme. This study evaluated the effect of fluconazole, a widespread antifungal medication, on the pharmacokinetics and safety tolerance of pyrotinib. Methods. This study was an open, single-dose, and self-controlled clinical trial. Eighteen healthy Chinese participants were enrolled in this study. All participants were administered fluconazole on days 6–18 and pyrotinib on days 1 and 9. The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), time to Cmax (Tmax), area under the concentration–time curve from time 0 to the last measurable concentration (AUC0−t), area under the concentration–time curve from time 0 extrapolated to infinity (AUC0−∞), terminal elimination half-life (t1/2), apparent volume of distribution (Vz/F), and apparent clearance (CL/F) were calculated using WinNonlin software (version 8.1). Safety tolerance was assessed throughout the process. Results and Discussion. Compared with the single administration of pyrotinib, the exposure level was enhanced significantly after the coadministration of pyrotinib and fluconazole. The geometric mean ratios (pyrotinib + fluconazole/pyrotinib alone) of Cmax, AUC0−t, and AUC0−∞ were 2.16, 3.6, and 3.5, respectively. The parameter of t1/2 is 14.16 h and 24.03 h, and CL/F is 275.06 L/h and 78.42 L/h, for pyrotinib alone and with fluconazole. No serious adverse events were reported in this trial, and no participant withdrew from the trial because of adverse events. What Is New and Conclusion. The PK profile of pyrotinib, a CYP3A4 substrate, was significantly influenced by fluconazole, with increased exposure levels and prolonged t1/2. Dosage adjustment is suggested for the clinical application of pyrotinib when coadministered with fluconazole or other CYP3A4 inhibitors/inducers.

We consider the Cauchy problem for the one-dimensional periodic cubic nonlinear fractional Schrödinger equation (FNLS) with initial data distributed via Gibbs measure. We construct global strong solutions with the flow property to FNLS on the support of the Gibbs measure in the full dispersive range, thus resolving a question proposed by Sun-Tzvetkov (2021). As a byproduct, we prove the invariance of the Gibbs measure and almost sure global well-posedness for FNLS.

The multi-source data-driven faulted segment identification methodology has spurred research interest recently. Based on analyzing the post-fault physical features of the three-core cable earthed strap current, this study develops an approach to identify the faulty cable segment(s) of neutral low-resistance grounding distribution grids with distributed generators. To eliminate the potential uncertainty of recorded data, introducing Mixed Integer Linear Programming to construct the fault diagnosis model. The model employs traditional fault indications, including alarms from remote fault indicators and metering signals of zero-sequence current, to promote the validity of identifications. Under the causal logic constraint of events, employing the expected fault scenario with the minimum discrepancy to available data to determine the true faulty cable segment(s). Additionally, the model decision variables can be used as the reference for anomalous data determination. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed methodology are validated by applying it to a simulation model based on a real-life three-core cable utility feeder.

The optimization of most combinatorial problems is NP-hard, which can be solved by heuristic algorithms to obtain approximately optimal solutions, especially for large-scale problems. Many heuristic algorithms can apply the 2-opt local search to find better solutions. In complete 2-opt local search, every valid neighboring solutions of swapping mechanism will be compared, which is very time consuming especially when a sequential algorithm is adopted. Nowadays, graphic processing units (GPUs) have evolved into powerful and flexible parallel computation platforms that have been widely used to accelerate the solving of NP-hard problems. Therefore, in this study, we focus on how to use GPUs to solve the single-row facility layout problem (SRFLP) with the 2-opt-based simulated annealing (SA) heuristic algorithm. As far as we know, this study is the first to solve SRFLP by using a GPU. After analyzing the fitness function and the move gains calculation between parent and child solutions, we propose a prefix-sum formula table to eliminate a large amount of replicated computation. To calculate move gains for the 2-opt local search during each iteration, many GPU threads are created and they construct and lookup the table in parallel. According to experimental results, if the prefix-sum formula table is not adopted, the GPU version outperforms the sequential CPU counterpart with the best speedup of 123. However, if the table is used in the GPU version, the best speedup can reach up to 3208. Because the proposed parallelization approach with the prefix-sum formula table is based on the features of the 2-opt local search and the SRFLP fitness function, it can be applied to any 2-opt-based heuristic algorithm for solving SRFLP even though the SA algorithm is used in this study.

Extreme learning machine (ELM) has fast learning speed and perfect performance, at the same time, ELM provides a unified learning framework with a widespread type of feature mappings which can be applied in multiclass classification applications directly. These advantages make ELM become one of the best classification algorithms, and ELM has attracted great attention in supervised learning and semi-supervised learning. However, noise and outliers of data are usually existed in the real world, which will affect the performance of ELM. To improve the robustness and classification performance of ELM, we propose the Kernel Risk-Sensitive Mean p-power Loss Based Hyper-graph Regularized Robust Extreme Learning Machine (KRP-HRELM) method. On the one side, as a nonlinear similarity measure defined in the reproducing kernel space, the kernel risk-sensitive mean p-power loss (KRP) can effectively weaken the negative effects caused by noise and outliers. Therefore, the KRP is introduced into ELM to enhance its robustness. Then, the application of hyper-graph can help the ELM to explore higher-order geometric structures among more sampling points, thereby obtaining more comprehensive data information. In addition, to obtain a more sparsity network model, the L2,1-norm is used to constrain the output weight. On the other side, improving the practical application ability of KRP-HRELM is also the focus of our research, so KRP-HRELM is extended to semi-supervised learning, which is called the semi-supervised KRP-HRELM (SS-KRP-HRELM). Notably, the results of the robustness experiment have proved that our method has extraordinary robustness. At the same time, by using four evaluation measures such as accuracy, recall, precision, and F1-measure, to evaluate the classification results, we can find that our method has obtained better classification performance than other advanced methods.

Bioactive ingredients from natural products have always been an important resource for the discovery of drugs for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Senile plaques, which are formed with amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides and excess metal ions, are found in AD brains and have been suggested to play an important role in AD pathogenesis. Here, we attempted to design an effective and smart screening method based on cheminformatics approaches to find new ingredients against AD from Vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry) and verified the bioactivity of expected ingredients through experiments. This method integrated advanced artificial intelligence models and target prediction methods to realize the stepwise analysis and filtering of all ingredients. Finally, we obtained the expected new compound malvidin-3-O-galactoside (Ma-3-gal-Cl). The in vitro experiments showed that Ma-3-gal-Cl could reduce the OH· generation and intracellular ROS from the Aβ/Cu2+/AA mixture and maintain the mitochondrial membrane potential of SH-SY5Y cells. Molecular docking and Western blot results indicated that Ma-3-gal-Cl could reduce the amount of activated caspase-3 via binding with unactivated caspase-3 and reduce the expression of phosphorylated p38 via binding with mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases-6 (MKK6). Moreover, Ma-3-gal-Cl could inhibit the Aβ aggregation via binding with Aβ monomer and fibers. Thus, Ma-3-gal-Cl showed significant effects on protecting SH-SY5Y cells from Aβ/Cu2+/AA induced damage via antioxidation effect and inhibition effect to the Aβ aggregation.

The shift toward renewable energy has become a global trend today. In the past, power producers or the private sector were encouraged to install renewable energy equipment mainly through incentives (e.g., feed-in tariff, tax credits). Some countries also impose “renewable portfolio standards”, which mandate power producers to include RE. However, it is rare to see any mandatory requirements on electricity users anywhere in the world. Since 2018, Taiwan’s government has started to draft the RPS-TW to establish such obligation; but as a new mechanism, the greatest challenge lies in formulating feasible requirements that are apt to Taiwan’s circumstances. This study aimed to assist Taiwan’s government in this effort by formulating content that was feasible and meets external expectations regarding the applicable entities, scope, and methods of fulfillment. Once the draft had been revised accordingly, the public (electricity users, environmental groups, general public) were actively consulted, and the draft was modified and optimized based on widely collected feedback. The regulations were ultimately promulgated on 31 December 2020.

Frontal impacts are the most frequent crash types and may generate extreme body in white (BIW) deformations. Vehicles are subjected to impact evaluation rating protocols such as 100 % Front Rigid Barrier (FRB) impact, 40 % Offset Deformable Barrier (ODB) impact and 25 % overlap (small overlap) impact. This paper proposes a collaborative optimization process using optimal Latin hypercube design (Opt LHD) and response surface methodology (RSM), to improve the vehicle crashworthiness in the frontal impacts, by considering displacement oriented structure (DOS). Upper and lower engine bay structure were considered herein to increase the lateral vehicle displacement during small overlap impact and decrease the impact force that transferred to the passenger compartment in the frontal impacts. The optimal results indicated that the acceleration of the B-pillar was reduced 0.4g in the FRB impact, the intrusion of the firewall was reduced by 55.13 % in the ODB impact, and the intrusion of passenger compartment during small overlap impact was decreased by an average of 53.88 %, with a maximum percentage of 71.41 % around left toepan, leading to an IIHS rating to acceptable from poor. The proposed crashworthiness design approach is effective in vehicle structure optimization for better frontal impacts performance.

Recently, extreme learning machine (ELM) has attracted a lot of attention due to its high performance and extreme speed. However, how to improve the robustness of ELM has always been a problem. Considering the problems of noise and outliers in the experimental data, in this paper, we introduce the kernel risk-sensitive mean p-power error (KRP) into ELM and propose a robust ELM method named kernel risk-sensitive mean p-power error based robust extreme learning machine (KRPELM), on the basis of the high efficiency and robustness of KRP. In KRPELM, KRP function instead of square loss is integrated into ELM as the loss function, which can improve the robustness of ELM to noise and outliers. We also propose an efficient iterative adjustment strategy to optimize KRPELM. Nine benchmark datasets are utilized to verify the classification performance of the proposed KRPELM. In addition, we apply the proposed method to the classification of cancer samples. The experimental results on five cancer gene expression datasets show that KRPELM can identify different cancer types more accurately.

Objective. The diagnostic value of CT window width technique in primary omentum infarction was evaluated by this study. Methods. The abdominal CT data of 32 patients with clinically diagnosed abdominal omentum infarction were retrospectively selected and analyzed. The fixed window position was 50 HU, and the window width was 135 HU, 250 HU (abdomen), 350 HU (mediastinum), and 500 HU, respectively. The detection rate of lesions was analyzed and compared. Results. Window widths of 135 HU, 250 HU (abdomen), 350 HU (mediastinum), and 500 HU have a detection rate of 12.5% (4 cases), 62.5% (20 cases), 100% (32 cases), 100% (32 cases) for abdominal omental lesions, respectively. However, 500 HU showed worse abdominal bowel and parenchymal organs than 350 HU. Conclusion. According to the comprehensive image quality, the ideal window width for diagnosis of primary omentum infarction is 350HU (mediastinal) window width.

Introduction. Against the background of marketing and globalization of higher education, many organizations and enterprises not only face stiff competition and quality problems in the market. Despite all the current challenges, they need to implement brand management tools. The urgent task for universities was how to apply the brand's marketing strategy to the brand management of universities, implement the optimal distribution of tangible and intangible resources, create a good brand image, expand popularity and reputation and gain competitive advantage.The hypothesis of scientific research is that for the formation of an effective brand it is necessary to use the tools of strategic marketing.The aim is to study the theoretical and methodological foundations of brand formation in educational institutions using modern competitive marketing strategies.The research methodology is a comparative analysis to reflect trends in the development of the brand of education; systematization and classification – for the classification of structural elements of the object of study; system approach – for the formation of theoretical foundations of regulation of brand management processes.Results. Based on the law on higher education and reliance on the mechanism and legislation of the market, this article examines brand management and argues that university brands should be optimized, coordinated and integrated to take full advantage of internal and external resources. It is necessary to strengthen the concept of brand management, explain the position of the university brand, create a strong university brand, strengthen the dominant university brand, create a crisis management system for university brands, increase the basic competitiveness of universities and gain greater benefits.Conclusions. University brand management should be based on the marketing strategy of enterprise brands, make full use of their own resources, strengthen the concept of brand management, determine the position of the university brand and create a strong university brand. universities, the university brand is undoubtedly a dazzling edge of the sword.

Increasing evidence has suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) are significant in research on human diseases. Predicting possible associations between miRNAs and diseases would provide new perspectives on disease diagnosis, pathogenesis, and gene therapy. However, considering the intrinsic time-consuming and expensive cost of traditional Vitro studies, there is an urgent need for a computational approach that would allow researchers to identify potential associations between miRNAs and diseases for further research. In this paper, we presented a novel computational method called SMMDA to predict potential miRNA-disease associations. In particular, SMMDA first utilized a new disease representation method (MeSHHeading2vec) based on the network embedding algorithm and then fused it with Gaussian interaction profile kernel similarity information of miRNAs and diseases, disease semantic similarity, and miRNA functional similarity. Secondly, SMMDA utilized a deep auto-coder network to transform the original features further to achieve a better feature representation. Finally, the ensemble learning model, XGBoost, was used as the underlying training and prediction method for SMMDA. In the results, SMMDA acquired a mean accuracy of 86.68% with a standard deviation of 0.42% and a mean AUC of 94.07% with a standard deviation of 0.23%, outperforming many previous works. Moreover, we also compared the predictive ability of SMMDA with different classifiers and different feature descriptors. In the case studies of three common Human diseases, the top 50 candidate miRNAs have 47 (esophageal neoplasms), 48 (breast neoplasms), and 48 (colon neoplasms) are successfully verified by two other databases. The experimental results proved that SMMDA has a reliable prediction ability in predicting potential miRNA-disease associations. Therefore, it is anticipated that SMMDA could be an effective tool for biomedical researchers.

Hai Jiang, Yu Pu, Zeng-Hui Li, Wei Liu, Yan Deng, Rui Liang, Xiao-Ming Zhang, Hou-Dong Zuo Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Hou-Dong Zuo, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-817-2587621, Email zuohoud@163.comAbstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease in elderly individuals and seriously affects quality of life. OA has often been thought to be caused by body weight load, but studies have increasingly shown that OA is an inflammation-mediated metabolic disease. The current existing evidence suggests that OA is associated with obesity-related chronic inflammation as well as abnormal lipid metabolism in obesity, such as fatty acids (FA) and triglycerides. Adiponectin, a cytokine secreted by adipose tissue, can affect the progression of OA by regulating obesity-related inflammatory factors. However, the specific molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. According to previous research, adiponectin can promote the metabolism of FA and triglycerides, which indicates that it is a potential protective factor for OA through many mechanisms. This article aims to review the mechanisms of chronic inflammation, FA and triglycerides in OA, as well as the potential mechanisms of adiponectin in regulating chronic inflammation and promoting FA and triglyceride metabolism. Therefore, adiponectin may have a protective effect on obesity-related OA, which could provide new insight into adiponectin and the related mechanisms in OA.Keywords: adiponectin, obesity, osteoarthritis, inflammation, fatty acid, triglyceride

Background: In recent years, immunotherapy has changed the therapeutic landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Since the efficacy of immunotherapy is closely related to the tumor microenvironment (TME), in this study, we constructed a prognostic model based on TME to predict the prognosis and immunotherapy effect of HCC patients.Methods: Transcriptome and follow-up data of 374 HCC patients were acquired from the TCGA Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The immune/stromal/estimate scores (TME scores) and tumor purity were calculated using the ESTIMATE algorithm and the module most associated with TME scores were screened by the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A TME score-related prognostic model was constructed and patients were divided into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) were used to evaluate the performance of the TME risk prognostic model and validated with the external database International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) cohort. Combined with clinicopathologic factors, a prognostic nomogram was established. The nomogram’s ability to predict prognosis was assessed by ROC, calibration curve, and the decision curve analysis (DCA). Gene Set Enrichment Analyses (GSEA) were conducted to explore the underlying biological functions and pathways of this risk signature. Moreover, the possible correlation of risk signature with TME immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment response, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and drug sensitivity were assessed. Finally, real-time PCR was used to verify the gene expression levels in normal liver cells and cancer cells.Results: KM survival analysis results indicated that high immune/stromal/estimate score groups were closely associated with a better prognosis, while the tumor purity showed a reverse trend (p < 0.01). WGCNA demonstrated that the yellow module was significantly correlated with the TME score. The 5-genes TME risk signature was built to predict the prognosis of patients with HCC including DAB2, IL18RAP, RAMP3, FCER1G, and LHFPL2. Patients with a low-risk score have higher levels of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and higher expression of immune checkpoints, which may be more sensitive to immunotherapy.Conclusion: It provided a theoretical basis for predicting the prognosis and personalized treatment of patients with HCC.

Direct myocardial and vascular injuries due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection-driven inflammation is the leading cause of acute cardiac injury associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, in-depth knowledge of the injury characteristics of the heart affected by inflammation is lacking. In this study, using a quantitative spatial proteomics strategy that combines comparative anatomy, laser-capture microdissection, and histological examination, we establish a region-resolved proteome map of the myocardia and microvessels with obvious inflammatory cells from hearts of patients with COVID-19. A series of molecular dysfunctions of myocardia and microvessels is observed in different cardiac regions. The myocardia and microvessels of the left atrial are the most susceptible to virus infection and inflammatory storm, suggesting more attention should be paid to the lesion and treatment of these two parts. These results can guide in improving clinical treatments for cardiovascular diseases associated with COVID-19.

Additional file 6: Figure S3. KOG classification of the Unigenes in O. tormota. Different KOG function classes are shown in different letter and colors, the number of genes are shown along the vertical axis.

Additional file 3: Supplementary Figure 1. (A) The best-fit OS-related lncRNAs were chosen by Lasso regression analysis. (B) The Lasso regression was performed with the optimal value of λ. (C-D) Distribution of risk scores, survival status. Supplementary Figure 2. (A-D) PCA among all genes, immune genes, immune LncRNA, and risk immune LncRNA.

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-ehp-10.1177_0163278720979651 for Validation of the Chinese Version of the Body Image Concern Inventory by Kui Wang, Xin-yang Yu, Chao-ran Yu, Ya-fei Liu, Min-yi Chu, Rui-ting Zhang, Rui Liang, Jue Chen, Heather L. Littleton, David H. K. Shum and Raymond C. K. Chan in Evaluation & the Health Professions

Additional file 7: Figure S4. Heat map and hierarchical clustering of differential expressed genes in four groups. The red represents up-regulated unigenes, and down-regulated unigenes are represented in green.

Additional file 7: Figure S4. Heat map and hierarchical clustering of differential expressed genes in four groups. The red represents up-regulated unigenes, and down-regulated unigenes are represented in green.

Additional file 4: Supplementary Table 3. All the primer sequences.

Additional file 3: Figure S1. Length distribution statistics of the assembly All-unigene. Horizontal axis representsthe All-unigene length interval; Vertical axis indicates the number of All-unigene within the length interval range.

Additional file 6: Figure S3. KOG classification of the Unigenes in O. tormota. Different KOG function classes are shown in different letter and colors, the number of genes are shown along the vertical axis.

Additional file 5: Figure S2. Species distribution based on the best hit of NR blast result. Different species are represented in different colors, and the size of the pie region represents the proportion of unigenes which were annotated to different species.

Additional file 3: Figure S1. Length distribution statistics of the assembly All-unigene. Horizontal axis representsthe All-unigene length interval; Vertical axis indicates the number of All-unigene within the length interval range.

Additional file 5: Figure S2. Species distribution based on the best hit of NR blast result. Different species are represented in different colors, and the size of the pie region represents the proportion of unigenes which were annotated to different species.

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848221102307 for The hospitalization burden of inflammatory bowel disease in China: a nationwide study from 2013 to 2018 by Yi-Ming He, Ren Mao, Gang Yuan, Rui-Ming Liang, Jian-Yan Long, Xiao-Qi Ye, Marietta Iacucci, Subrata Ghosh, Shomron Ben-Horin, Gilaad G. Kaplan, Yao He, Joseph J.Y. Sung, Sui Peng, Hai-Bo Wang and Min-Hu Chen in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848221102307 for The hospitalization burden of inflammatory bowel disease in China: a nationwide study from 2013 to 2018 by Yi-Ming He, Ren Mao, Gang Yuan, Rui-Ming Liang, Jian-Yan Long, Xiao-Qi Ye, Marietta Iacucci, Subrata Ghosh, Shomron Ben-Horin, Gilaad G. Kaplan, Yao He, Joseph J.Y. Sung, Sui Peng, Hai-Bo Wang and Min-Hu Chen in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology

Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 2. 76 prognostic associated lncRNAs.

Additional file 1: Table 1. Clinical characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma in train and validation cohort.

Additional file 4: Supplementary Table 3. All the primer sequences.

As a fast-growing commercial wood species, poplar often produces tension wood because of the leaning stems of logs, which has a great impact on the production and utilization. The gelatinous layer (G-layer) was the unique component of tension wood, almost entirely composed of cellulose, which was the main reason for the special performance of the poplar tension wood. This study used the transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and nanoindentation to examine the ultrastructure and mechanical properties of every wall layer of the poplar cell wall in order to figure out the ultrastructure and properties of G-layer. In particular, the nanoindentation mapping was combined with manual screening to obtain the mechanical performance data of each layer. The fibers in the tension wood were gelatinous wood fibers with obvious G-layers, and the thickness was 2.53 μm, which was much larger than that of other wall layers. Compared with the wood fiber in the opposite wood, the S1 layer was thicker and the S2 layer was thinner, and the entire cell wall thickness was increased in tension wood. G-layer in tension wood had a very high cellulose content, and the Raman strength of lignin was weak. In general, the micromechanical properties of poplar tension wood were better, which was consistent with its macromechanical properties. The characteristics of G-layer, including high cellulose content, small microfibril angle and high crystallinity, made G-layer own better elastic modulus (14.08 GPa) and hardness (0.45 GPa) than other wall layers in the tension wood. Moreover, G-layer had a high proportion in the tension wood cell wall, so the average longitudinal elastic modulus and hardness of wood fiber cells in the tension wood were also higher than those in the opposite wood.

In this paper, the quantitative evaluation of the explosion effect based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is proposed to describe the qualitative evaluation results. The selected state characteristic parameters are expressed by two kinds of membership functions, fuzzy normal and triangular distribution membership functions, and preliminary evaluation results are obtained. The validity index of the maximum membership principle is used to assess the accuracy of the evaluation results of two algorithms, and a relevant approaching degree is chosen to optimize the results. The entire evaluation process selects eleven indicators to form an evaluation set, including the boulder yield, root rate, flying distance of flyrock, explosive consumption, postcracking distance, detonator unit consumption, vibration velocity, loose coefficient, cast distance, throw rate, and blasted volume per meter of hole. Part of the indicator parameters are derived from field test monitoring, and another part of the indicator parameters are derived from numerical simulation. The simulation process uses the user-defined material interface function provided by LS-DYNA. And the numerical model of slope blasting is established by embedding the evolution relationship of tensile and compressive damage into the elastoplastic constitutive material. The evaluation method proposed in this paper is used to evaluate the postexplosion effect of Zijin Mountain gold-copper mine slope cast blasting. The results demonstrate that the fuzzy normal distribution membership function can correlate the state characteristic information and evaluation index effectively, and the working condition after explosion can be reflected accurately. Additionally, the influencing factors can be ranked by the importance degrees according to the calculated value of the evaluation index.

As an important commodity wood material, poplar has porous structure, which is worthy of being investigated. Especially, the lignin concentration is closely related to the formation and change of pores. Although a few studies reported the relation between the pore volume and the lignin removal of the ground wood (Stone and Scallan in J Polym Sci C Polym Symp 11(1):13–25, 1965), no information of the distribution of pore sizes versus the whole delignification process steps was reported. This study initially explored the effect of delignification level on the pore size distribution and pore structure in poplar cell walls using nitrogen absorption measurement. It was found that delignification increased the N2 adsorption amount and specific surface area of poplar. It also caused a large number of mesopores in the cell wall, mainly in the 2–10 nm pore size range, and decreased the average pore size. The whole delignification process can be roughly divided into three major phases, namely, the initial phase, the transitional phase and the stable phase, in which, the change process was not completely uniform. During the delignification, the size of poplar cell wall pores continued reducing, and finally a large number of uniform pores of about 2.1 nm was formed.

Small overlap accidents of sedans often result in severe injuries. In this article, a crashworthiness design method, including engine-room energy management, suspension safety design and passenger ...

In this paper, a feedback compensator (FBC) and a Feedforward compensator (FFC) are proposed to construct a novel compensated peak current mode control pulse width modulation (CPC-PWM) for primary-side controlled flyback converters. Using the proposed FBC, the PWM duty cycle of an abnormal operating flyback converter would be descended to limit the output current for reducing power dissipation. Using the proposed FFC, the effect of delay time would be descended to reduce the over-flow current for increasing the current accuracy. In this paper, the operating principle and mathematical model are described and analyzed. Then, the component values are well designed to satisfy the electrical specifications. Finally, a prototype is designed and realized to access system performance. The experimental results show that the proposed CPC-PWM can validate in a wide input voltage range and output short conditions, which also has good current accuracy and reduces power dissipation by about 68%.

In order to study the influence of the heat of hydration of concrete on the thermal disturbance of the frozen soil around the pile during the construction of cast-in-place piles in permafrost regions, a two-dimensional temperature field numerical model was established with non-steady state based on the heat conduction control equation and the freezing-thawing phase transition process. This model has been used to analyze and discuss the refreezing process of the concrete pile foundation, the heat flow transfer process between the pile foundation and the frozen soil, and the positive temperature curing process of the pile body. The research results have shown that the refreezing process of the pile foundation is a slow process. It took 28 days after the completion of the pile foundation construction that the negative temperature arose at the bottom of the pile. And 196 days after construction the temperature at the center of the pile dropped to negative. The heat brought by the cast-in-place pile is mainly released to the surrounding soil through the horizontal heat flow, and the thermal conductivity of the soil has a greater influence on this process.

This study sought to understand the behaviors and attitudes of people in Taiwan as they relate to the government’s RE policies by analyzing data from a questionnaire-based telephone survey conducted between 2013 and 2015. Demographic attributes in people’s behavioral models were analyzed for two variables: attention and support. Based on the findings, people’s behavioral models relating to RE were classified into five categories: key promotional group, promotional seed group, support-strengthening group, attention-strengthening group, and non-key promotional group. The attributes of these five segments were also analyzed and their corresponding promotional strategies were formulated. The overarching goal was to improve precision in marketing RE policies to various target groups in order to maximize impact.

ObjectivesTo investigate the value of contrast-enhanced computer tomography (CT)-based on radiomics in discriminating high-grade and low-grade hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) before surgery.MethodsThe retrospective study including 161 consecutive subjects with HCC which was approved by the institutional review board, and the patients were divided into a training group (n = 112) and test group (n = 49) from January 2013 to January 2018. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used to select the most valuable features to build a support vector machine (SVM) model. The performance of the predictive model was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.ResultsThe SVM model showed an acceptable ability to differentiate high-grade from low-grade HCC, with an AUC of 0.904 in the training dataset and 0.937 in the test dataset, accuracy (92.2% versus 95.7%), sensitivity(82.5% versus 88.0%), and specificity (92.7% versus 95.8%), respectively.ConclusionThe machine learning-based radiomics reflects a better evaluating performance in differentiating HCC between low-grade and high-grade, which may contribute to personalized treatment.

Objective:. Cryoglobulinemia often causes systemic vasculitis, thereby damaging to skin and internal organs including kidneys, even life-threatening. This review aimed to introduce the advances in understanding, detection, and treatment of this disease in recent years, with a particular concern to clinical practice. Data sources:. All the data in this review were from the English or Chinese literature in the PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases as of March 2019. Study selection:. This review selected important original articles, meaningful reviews, and some reports on cryoglobulinemia published in recent years and in history, as well as the guidelines for treatment of underlying diseases which lead to cryoglobulinemia. Results:. Diagnosis of cryoglobulinemia relies on serum cryoglobulin test, in which to ensure that the blood sample temperature is not less than 37°C in the entire pre-analysis phase is the key to avoid false negative results. Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (Cryo Vas), including cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis (Cryo GN), usually occurs in types II and III mixed cryoglobulinemia, and can also be seen in type I cryoglobulinemia caused by monoclonal IgG3 or IgG1. Skin purpura, positive serum rheumatoid factor, and decreased serum levels of C4 and C3 are important clues for prompting types II and III Cryo Vas. Renal biopsy is an important means for diagnosis of Cryo GN, while membranous proliferative GN is the most common pathological type of Cryo GN. In recent years, great advances have been made in the treatment of Cryo Vas and its underlying diseases, and this review has briefly introduced these advances. Conclusions:. Laboratory examinations of serum cryoglobulins urgently need standardization. The recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Cryo Vas and GN need to be popularized among the clinicians in related disciplines.