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To compare the effect of Sheng-Xue-Xiao-Ban Capsule (SXXBC) and indirubin to the peripheral platelets of the Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) model mouse.The ITP mouse model was established by the method of passive immunization. SXXBC and indirubin were used for intervention treatment. Then the hemorrhagic phenomena of ITP mice were observed and the numbers of peripheral platelets, hemoglobin and white blood cells, bone marrow megakaryocytes and their classification and coagulation function were detected and compared.The improvement rate of hemorrhage in SXXBC group was 40% for small dose, 60% for medium dose and 80% for high dose, while the improvement rate of hemorrhage in indirubin group was 30% for small dose, 50% for medium dose and 60% for high dose. There was no statistically significant difference in the improvement rate of hemorrhage between the two groups (P＞0.05). Compared with the model control group, PLT and Hb increased in different doses of SXXBC and indirubin group 4th-8th day after drug intervention (P＜0.05, 0.01). However, there was no significant difference between the different doses of SXXBC group and indirubin group (P＞0.05). Compared with the model control group, the WBC in each group was significantly lower (P＜0.05, 0.01) on the 4th-8th day after drug intervention; However, there was no statistical significance between the two groups of SXXBC and indirubin (P＞0.05). Compared with the model control group, the total number of megakaryocytes in each treatment group were decreased (P＜0.05, P＜0.01), in which the number of primary megakaryocytes in the large and medium dose groups of SXXBC and indirubin were decreased (P＜0.05, 0.01), and the number of juvenile megakaryocytes in the large dose group of SXXBC and indirubin were also decreased (P＜0.05). The number of granular megakaryocytes were decreased in each intervention groups (P＜0.05, 0.01), and the number of thromocytogenic megakaryocyte was increased in the high and medium dose groups of SXXBC and indirubin (P＜0.01). The time of prothrombin was shortened in the high and medium dose groups of SXXBC and indirubin (P＜0.05), and the fibrinogen (FIB) content in the high and medium dose groups of SXXBC was close to that of the normal control group.Both of the SXXBC and the indirubin standard all show good hemostatic effects. Indirubin shows a positive effect on increasing the peripheral platelet and hemoglobin in ITP model mice, regulating the immune response, reducing the total number of bone marrow megakaryocytes, increasing the thromocytogenic megakaryocyte, and increasing coagulation function.靛玉红标准品与升血小板胶囊对ITP模型小鼠外周血小板数影响的比较.比较靛玉红标准品与升血小板胶囊对免疫性血小板减少症 (ITP) 模型小鼠外周血小板的提升效果.以被动免疫造模法建立ITP小鼠模型, 以靛玉红标准品与升血小板胶囊为干预药物, 通过观测小鼠出血改善率、外周血象 (血小板、血红蛋白、白细胞)、骨髓巨核细胞总数及其分类以及凝血功能等指标, 比较两种药物提升ITP小鼠外周血小板计数的效果.靛玉红标准品出血改善率分别为小剂量30%, 中剂量50%, 大剂量60%；升血小板胶囊出血改善率分别为小剂量40%, 中剂量60%, 大剂量80%；两组出血均有改善, 但两者之间差异无统计学意义 (P＞0.05)。与模型对照组比较, 药物干预后d 4-8各组PLT数及Hb检测值明显升高 (P＜0.05, P＜0.01)；但靛玉红标准品、升血小板胶囊各剂量两组间比较, 差异无统计学意义 (P＞0.05)。药物干预后d 4-8各组WBC检测值明显降低 (P＜0.05, 0.01)；靛玉红标准品、升血小板胶囊各剂量2组间比较, 差异无统计学意义 (P＞0.05)。与模型对照组比较, 药物干预各组巨核细胞总数均降低 (P＜0.05, 0.01)。其中, 靛玉红标准品、升血小板胶囊大、中剂量组原始巨核细胞均下降 (P＜0.05, 0.01)；大剂量组幼稚巨核细胞数明显下降 (P＜0.05) ；各组颗粒巨核细胞数明显下降 (P＜0.05, 0.01)；靛玉红标准品、升血小板胶囊大、中剂量组产板巨核细胞数明显上升 (P＜0.01)。靛玉红标准品、升血小板胶囊大、中剂量组凝血酶原时间明显缩短 (P＜0.05)；升血小板胶囊大、中剂量组纤维蛋白原含量接近正常对照组.靛玉红标准品、升血小板胶囊均有良好止血效应。靛玉红具有升高ITP模型小鼠外周血小板、血红蛋白值, 降低骨髓巨核细胞总数、提升产板巨核细胞, 增加凝血功能等综合效应.

A controversy effect of perioperative statin use for preventing postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) and acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery still remains. We thus performed current systematic review and meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate effects of statin in cardiac surgery. 22 RCTs involving 5243 patients were included. Meta-analysis of 18 randomized controlled trials with 3995 participants suggested that perioperative statin use could decrease the risk of POAF (relative risk [RR] 0.69, 95%CI 0.56 to 0.86, P = 0.001), with a moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 65.7%, P H P = 0.884, I2 = 33.9%, P H = 0.157) or myocardial infarction (MI) (RR 0.84, 95%CI 0.58 to 1.23, P = 0.380, I2 = 0%, P H = 0.765), and even an increased trend of AKI was observed in patients with valve surgery. Perioperative statin use could decrease the inflammation response with no impact on clinical outcomes. In conclusion, perioperative statin use is useful in preventing POAF, particularly in patients with CABG, and ameliorate inflammation, while it has no effect on AKI and MI after cardiac surgery.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical utility of the colon leakage score (CLS) in predicting the risk of anastomotic leakage (AL) after left-sided colorectal surgery.This investigation was designed as a retrospective study of 304 patients who underwent left-sided colorectal surgery. The patients were classified into two groups as those who developed AL and those who did not develop AL, and the CLSs of the two groups were compared. The predictive value and the cutoff value of the CLS were assessed by receiver operating characteristic and logistic regression analysis.A significant difference was noted in the mean CLSs of the groups with and without AL (P 0.001). The values of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.965; confidence interval, 0.913-1.00) and the odds ratio (2.9; confidence interval, 1.59-4.83; P 0.001) indicated that CLS was a good predictor of AL. A CLS of 11 was found to be the best cutoff value, with a sensitivity and specificity of 84.6% and 87.2%, respectively.Our findings indicate that CLS can effectively predict the risk of AL after left-sided colorectal surgery and that a CLS of 11 can be used as a cutoff value for the risk level.

Genetic studies are traditionally based on single-gene analysis. The use of these analyses can pose tremendous challenges for elucidating complicated genetic interplays involved in complex human diseases. Modern pathway-based analysis provides a technique, which allows a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying complex diseases. Extensive studies utilizing the methods and applications for pathway-based analysis have significantly advanced our capacity to explore large-scale omics data, which has rapidly accumulated in biomedical fields. This article is a comprehensive review of the pathway-based analysis methods—the powerful methods with the potential to uncover the biological depths of the complex diseases. The general concepts and procedures for the pathway-based analysis methods are introduced and then, a comprehensive review of the major approaches for this analysis is presented. In addition, a list of available pathway-based analysis software and databases is provided. Finally, future directions and challenges for the methodological development and applications of pathway-based analysis techniques are discussed. This review will provide a useful guide to dissect complex diseases.