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Odor pollutants from a landfill can have serious impacts on the surrounding environment and nearby residents. Moreover, the variety and complexity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) along with the landfill odor makes sampling and identifying compounds challenging. In this study, the authors monitored municipal solid waste (MSW)-related areas, sludge-related areas and waste coverage with the most malodorous compounds. In terms of all 120 VOCs, 67 malodorous VOCs with significant variations were categorized into six classes of compounds under all test conditions. Among the concentration characteristics, Site B concentrations were the highest. For the odor index (OI), the OI values of Site B were higher than those on other sites. The organic sulfides, organic acids and amine were the major malodorous pollutants emitted from landfill and influenced the residential area. Through a coefficient of divergence analysis, the CDjk values of Sites A (0.66) and B (0.69) were lower than others, indicating the effects of odor emission on the surrounding residential area were slightly more severe than on the other sites because of the meteorological condition during the study period. The results of this study can provide essential information to enhance understanding the actual odor emission intensity and characteristics of landfill and the migration, transportation and influence of odorant emissions on the working surface of the landfill.

A tripeptide (Glutathione, GSH) is chosen as a model drug to intercalate into layered double hydroxides (LDHs) by ion exchange, and a systematic study combining experimental and theoretical investigation is carried on X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrates that GSH had been intercalated into LDHs. IR and Raman spectroscopies, and the 13C NMR chemical shifts, are applied to clarify the characteristic changes in functional groups after intercalation. These results are interpreted with the density functional theory (DFT) calculations in order to verify the experimental data. For the first time, by using XPS for N 1s detecting, the related content of the native guest NO 3 - and the GSH in the LDHs’ interlayer are investigated, and the research results show that the reaction temperature affects the intercalation of GSH based on the XRD patterns. Furthermore, the reaction mechanism of intercalating GSH into LDHs was explained by the intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC). The present study reveals that GSH as zwitterions (NH3+ COO− formation) in water solvent first suffers hydrogen transfer and proton migration and then could be intercalated into LDH through ion exchange to occupy an interlayer site of NO 3 - .