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BackgroundTumor surveillance of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant gliomas is accomplished via serial contrast MRI. When new contrast enhancement (CEnew) is detected during postsurgical surveillance, clinicians must assess whether CEnew indicates pseudoprogression (PsP) or tumor progression (TP). PsP has been better studied in IDH wild-type glioblastoma but has not been well characterized in IDH mutant gliomas. We conducted a retrospective study evaluating the incidence, predictors, natural history, and survival of PsP patients in a large cohort of IDH mutant glioma patients treated at a single institution.MethodsWe identified 587 IDH mutant glioma patients treated at UCLA. We directly inspected MRI images and radiology reports to identify CEnew and categorized CEnew into TP or PsP using MRI or histopathology.ResultsFifty-six percent of patients developed CEnew (326/587); of these, 92/326 patients (28% of CEnew; 16% of all) developed PsP and 179/326 (55%) developed TP. All PsP patients had prior radiation, chemotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy. PsP was associated with longer overall survival (OS) versus TP patients and similar OS versus no CEnew. PsP differs from TP based on earlier time of onset (median 5.8 vs 17.4 months from treatment, P < .0001) and MRI features that include punctate enhancement and enhancement location.ConclusionPsP patients represented 28% of CEnew patients and 16% of all patients; PsP patients demonstrated superior outcomes to TP patients, and equivalent survival to patients without CEnew. PsP persists for

Additional file 3. Lipid class analysis between two groups.

Additional file 4. The correlation analysis between the significant lipid species.

Additional file 1. A. UHPLC-Obitrap MS BPC of quality control samples shows high precision. B. Pearson correlation analysis of QC samples shows good reproducibility. C. Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis shows a good experimental repeatability.

In the transportation sector, ammonia used as a power source plays a significant role in the scenario of carbon neutralization. However, the engine-out emissions correlations of ammonia-diesel dual-fuel (DF) engines are still unclear, especially the nitro-compounds of great concern and GHG. In this study, the engine-out emissions are evaluated by using a four-cylinder ammonia/diesel DF engine. Various operating conditions consisting of ammonia energy ratio (AER), engine load, and speed were carried out. Unburned NH3 increases with raising ammonia content but decreases with increasing engine load and speed. The NO+NO2 tendency shows a non-linearity trend with increasing ammonia content, while a trade-off correlation is linked to N2O. The N2O emission of ammonia engine significantly weakens the beneficial effect of GHG reduction, the 30% and 50% decarbonization targets need at least 40% and 60% ammonia energy without regard to N2O effect, while at least 65% and 80% ammonia energy respectively with considering N2O. N2O presents a parabolic-like tendency with AERs. Advanced pilot-diesel injection timing helps to reduce both NH3 and N2O, but this effect becomes insignificant as the AER is less than 0.4. A combustion strategy of the rapid heat release and ammonia-governed heat release respectively are revealed.

Additional file 2. Lipid profiling of papillary thyroid carcinoma cell between two groups.

In this work, two lanthanide metal coordination polymers (CPs) with Ho ions as metal centers were successfully prepared via the reaction between metal salt HoCl3·6H2O or Ho(NO3)3·6H2O and the ligand of 4-(pyridyl-N-oxide)methylphosphonic acid (H2L) under solvothermal conditions. Their chemical formulae are {[Ho2(L)2(H2O)5]2Cl·2H2O}N (1) and [Ho(L)(OH)(H2O)]N (2). Their bioactivity and mechanism were analyzed for possible application as ischemic injury treatment. First, percentage of the apoptotic myocardium was determined with flow cytometry after treatment using the compound. The activation for the signaling pathway of PI3K/Akt in myocardium was also examined by real-time RT-PCR.

Tuberculosis (TB) mostly spreads from person to person through Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). However, the majority of conventional detection methods for MTB cannot satisfy the requirements for actual TB detection. As one of the most promising powerful platforms, a silicon nanowire field-effect transistor (SiNW-FET) biosensor shows good prospect in TB detection. In this study, an enhanced SiNW-FET biosensor was developed for the rapid and sensitive detection of MTB. The surface functional parameters of the biosensor were explored and optimized. The SiNW-FET biosensor has good sensitivity with a detection limit of 0.01 fg/mL toward protein. The current change value shows a linear upward trend with the increase in protein concentration in the range of 1 fg/mL to 100 μg/mL. One whole test cycle can be accomplished within only 30 s. More importantly, a good distinction was realized in the sputum without pretreatment between normal people and TB patients, which greatly shortened the TB detection time (only 2-5 min, considering the dilution of sputum). Compared with other methods, the SiNW-FET biosensor can detect MTB with a remarkably broad dynamic linear range in a shorter time.

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young 3 (MODY

In the process of improving coalbed permeability through pulse hydraulic fracturing, the cyclic loading effect influences the characteristics of micropores in coal matrix, thus affecting the process of gas migration. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the effect of cyclic loading on the pore structure of coal. Seven groups of loading tests at different frequencies and amplitudes were conducted on anthracite coal obtained from Shanxi Province, China, using a fatigue-testing machine. Subsequently, using a PoreMaster GT-60 Mercury-intrusion apparatus, the influence of the frequency and amplitude on the structural characteristics (including mercury-injection and mercury-ejection curves, pore size distribution, porosity, and specific surface area) of pores in coal samples was analyzed. Finally, the law and mechanism of action of the loading frequency and amplitude on pores in coal samples were comprehensively analyzed. The test results showed that, in the case of maintaining the sine-wave amplitude unchanged during loading while altering the loading frequency, the overall porosity and pore volume rise at different degrees. The growth of the loading frequency presents a more significant promotive effect on the initiation and development of pores and fractures. Moreover, it drives the transformation of micropores and transition pores into mesopores and macropores, thus increasing the proportion of seepage pores. Under the condition of large sine-wave amplitude during loading, macropores and mesopores are subjected to the repeated action of the external force, thereby reducing the overall porosity. In addition, the volume of the seepage pores declines, and the number of the coalesced pores decreases. Finally, in light of these results, the implications of frequency and amplitude selection in the process of pulse hydraulic fracturing are discussed. Therefore, the results of this research will provide an important theoretical basis for the field application of pulse hydraulic fracturing technology in coal mines.

The development of thermoelectric measurement technology at nanoscale is a challenging task. Here, a novel MEMS-based dual temperature control (DTC) measurement method for thermoelectric properties of individual nanowires was proposed. Different from conventional thermal bridge testing devices, this DTC thermoelectric testing device can obtain the thermoelectric properties by independently control ambient temperature and temperature difference between two ends of the nanowires through two separate resistance thermometers without auxiliary heating devices. The reliability of the model and the testing accuracy were verified by accurately measuring the thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and the absolute value of the Seebeck coefficient of VO2 nanowires.

Background. There is a yearly increase in pain after neck surgery, which is accompanied by high consumption of opioids. However, the opioid addiction epidemic is one of the most serious public health problems worldwide. Therefore, it is important to find suitable alternatives for opioids. Acupuncture therapy has been found effective for some types of pain control. This protocol aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture therapy in the treatment of pain after neck surgery. Methods and Analysis. We will search eight electronic databases from their inception to April 2022. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using manual acupuncture, auricular acupuncture, or electroacupuncture as major therapy will be included, regardless of whether the study was published in Chinese or English. The selection of studies and data extraction will be independently completed by at least two experienced reviewers with a master’s degree. The methodological quality of the included studies will be assessed by the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. For the meta-analysis, Review Manager Statistical (RevMan V.5.3) software will be used. The results will be presented as the risk ratio (RR) for the binary data and the mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) for the continuous data. Ethics and Dissemination. This protocol for a systematic review will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication and presented at a relevant conference, and there is no need to obtain formal ethical approval. Trial Registration Number. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021281722.

The physical/chemical properties and synthesis methods of nanoparticles were briefly introduced, and then the type and principle of the self-assembly of nanoparticles were discussed in detail. The research progress in the application of the nanoparticle self-assembly in lithium-ion batteries was summarized, and the existing problems such as the low production efficiency and high pollution in this field were also pointed out. The future works will be focused on developing approp-riate building blocks, disclosing the self-organization mechanisms and simplifying the fabrication processes, and the simultaneous yet effective adjustion of the self-assembly processes in the materials synthesis stage for advanced battery components with hierarchical structures or functions is one of the most important approaches.

Our previous investigation suggested that faster seventh cervical nerve (C7) regeneration occurs in patients with cerebral injury undergoing contralateral C7 transfer. This finding needed further verification, and the mechanism remained largely unknown. Here, Tinel's test revealed faster C7 regeneration in patients with cerebral injury, which was further confirmed in mice by electrophysiological recordings and histological analysis. Furthermore, we identified an altered systemic inflammatory response that led to the transformation of macrophage polarization as a mechanism underlying the increased nerve regeneration in patients with cerebral injury. In mice, we showed that, as a contributing factor, serum amyloid protein A1 (SAA1) promoted C7 regeneration and interfered with macrophage polarization in vivo. Our results indicate that altered inflammation promotes the regenerative capacity of the C7 nerve by altering macrophage behavior. SAA1 may be a therapeutic target to improve the recovery of injured peripheral nerves.

Surface charges inside a nanopore determine the zeta potential and ion distributions and play a significant role in affecting ion transport and the sensitivity of detecting biomolecules. It is of great importance to study the fluctuation of surface charges with the salt concentration and pH in various applications of nanopores. Herein, we proposed a theoretical model to predict the surface charge density of a Si3N4 nanopore, in which both silanol and amine groups were taken into account. It was demonstrated that the surface charge density in the Si3N4 nanopore changes not only with pH but also with the salt concentration. The theoretical model could well predict the experimental results with different salt concentrations, pH values, and pore sizes. The effect of surface functional groups on the isopotential point (pHiep) of the Si3N4 nanopore was also systematically studied. The results indicated that the silanol groups are major determinants of the surface charge, but the influences of the amine groups should not be ignored because the small number of amine groups can change pHiep dramatically. The pHiep value of the Si3N4 nanopore was measured as 4.1, and the ratio of amine over silanol was ascertained as 0.013.

Background and purpose: Digital subtraction angiography (DSA), a minimally invasive procedure for an exceptional visualization of cerebrovascular angioarchitecture, has become an important imaging technique for inclusive evaluation and therapeutic embolization. Our purpose is to share the importance of DSA for evaluation of cerebral aneurysms. Material and method: A total of 148 patients with suspected intracranial aneurysm underwent digital subtraction angiography during January 2005 to December 2009. Preliminarily aortogram was considered in old age group (>50yrs) before supra-aortic angiography. Patient’s selection criterion included both ruptured and unruptured aneurysms. 3D rotational effect was applied for all complex cerebral aneurysms with unfavorable dome neck ratio. DSA was accomplished into 2- 6 standard projections for every vascular territory for optimal visualization and accurate evaluation of cerebral aneurysms. Result: 21 were males and 48 were females. Age difference was ranged between 26-78 years with an average of 51.5years. Among 288 patients, total detected aneurysms were 480. 32 presented with SAH, 21 presented with headache and 14 patients came with cranial nerve dysfunction during admission. 3 had negative angiography irrespective to spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. Delineation of aneurysmal neck improved with rotation effect of 3D DSA in 80% of patients. Parent vessel and its relationship to adjacent vessels was better demonstrated with rotational angiography in >50% of cases. Endovascular embolization was done in 80 patients in same setting. Conclusion: DSA with 3D rotational technique is an essential radio-imaging tool for accurate characterization of cerebrovascular diseases and subsequently beneficial to elaborate on their potential treatment protocols.

The patch test method based on decoupling principle to determine MBES (multibeam echo sounders)installation biases often results in complex operation and low accuracy due to theoretical imperfections. Therefore, the overall calibration of the biases is proposed. Firstly, MBES sounding terrain is converted into grayscale image. Then, SIFT(scale-invariant feature transform) is used for matching related terrain images and founding matching point pairs. Finally, the inequality-constrained least square adjustment is used for obtaining the MBES installation biases by the matching point pairs coordinates. The experiment verifies the validation of this method in simplifying the implementation and improving the accuracy of determining these biases.

This study investigated the corrosion damage and bearing characteristics of bridge pile foundations under a dry-wet-freeze-thaw cycle of composite salt in an alpine salt marsh area using an in situ test, laboratory test, and numerical simulations. The in situ test showed that the dry-wet-freeze-thaw cycle has little effect on the quality of the concrete specimens and rebar. The area of the rebar at a depth of 0.25 m had the highest corrosion rate of 91%. The application of epoxy resin on the surface improved erosion resistance. After one year of outdoor dry-wet-freeze-thaw cycle test, due to the interaction of compound salts, the quality of specimens is reduced under the denudation of chloride ions, while the mass of specimens is increased by the corrosion products formed under the joint action of carbonate and sulfate, resulting in less obvious change of specimen quality, the antierosion coefficient of the specimens decreased, the maximum loss rate of compressive strength was 38.2%, and the pile foundation began to deteriorate. The laboratory test showed that expansive substances, such as Friedel salt, appeared in the concrete specimens of pile foundation during 225 cycles of dry-wet-freeze-thaw cycles, the relative dynamic elastic modulus was reduced by 60.9%, the antierosion coefficient was reduced to 0.51, and the compressive strength loss rate was 65.9%. As such, the pile foundation was seriously damaged. The numerical simulation shows that, with an increase of the peeling thickness and the corrosion depth, the bearing capacity of the pile foundation will gradually decrease after 8 years. Without maintenance, the bearing capacity of a pile foundation will decrease by 34.45% in the 20th year.

The steady-state time-varying law of the grid state variables caused by load fluctuations is the slow dynamic characteristic of the grid, and the rapid extraction of its characteristics is the basis for the rapid estimation of the large scale grid operation state and the optimization of static stability prevention and control. To solve the computation speed problem of large power grid system state calculation by load prediction multiplied by jacobian inverse matrix, a data-driven slow dynamic characteristic extraction and state estimation method are proposed in this paper. Based on the various characteristics of the PV curve determined by bifurcation theory and continuous power flow, a series of time-varying second-order polynomials of bus voltage is used to represent the slow dynamic characteristics. The estimated operation state can be quickly calculated by short-term historical operating data according to this characteristic. The accuracy and rapidity of the proposed method are demonstrated on several test systems.

Mollisols are extremely important soil resource for crop and forage production. In northeast China, it is a major land use management practice from dry land crops to irrigated rice. However, there is few data regarding soil quality and microbial composition in Mollisols during land use transition. Here, we analyzed the upper 30 cm of soil from land with more than 30 years of paddy use and from adjacent areas with upland crops. Our results showed that land use and soil depth had a significant effect on soil properties and enzyme activities. Soil moisture (SM) and soil organic carbon (SOC) contents were substantially higher in paddy fields than in upland crop lands, while nitrogen-related enzyme activities were lower. Following the land use change, bacterial diversity was increased and bacterial community composition changed. Taxonomic analyses showed that Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla present. At family level, Gemmatimonadaceae decreased with land use change, while Syntrophorhabdaceae and Syntrophacea that play a part in methane cycling and nitrifying bacteria such as Nitrospiraceae increased, indicating that the structure and composition of the bacterial community might be a promising indicator of Mollisol health. Redundancy analysis indicated that land use type had a stronger effect on the soil bacterial community composition than soil depth. Additionally, bacterial community composition was closely associated with soil parameters such as soil moisture, pH, SOC, NO3−-N, and NH4+-N. Overall, land use change affects the physical and chemical properties of the soil, resulting in changes in the composition of the soil bacterial community and flora. These changes could provide a view of the bacterial community assembly and functional shifts following land use change.

In this study, we proposed a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture for classification of benign and malignant breast cancer (BC) in histological images. To improve the delivery and use of feature information, we chose the DenseNet as the basic building block and interleaved it with the squeeze-and-excitation (SENet) module. We conducted extensive experiments with the proposed framework by using the public domain BreakHis dataset and demonstrated that the proposed framework can produce significantly improved accuracy in BC classification, compared with the state-of-the-art CNN methods reported in the literature.

The flexural capacity of a single micropile is small, and some additional materials need to be built into the steel pipe to increase the flexural and tensile capacity of the structure. This...

BackgroundDevelopmental dyslexia (DD) is a neurodevelopmental learning disorder with high heritability. A number of candidate susceptibility genes have been identified, some of which are linked to the function of the cilium, an organelle regulating left-right asymmetry development in the embryo. Furthermore, it has been suggested that disrupted left-right asymmetry of the brain may play a role in neurodevelopmental disorders such as DD.MethodsHere, we studied two individuals with co-occurring situs inversus (SI) and DD using whole genome sequencing to identify single nucleotide variants or copy number variations of importance for DD and SI.ResultsIndividual 1 had primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), a rare, autosomal recessive disorder with oto-sino-pulmonary phenotype and SI. We identified two rare nonsynonymous variants in the dynein axonemal heavy chain 5 gene (DNAH5): c.7502G>C;p.(R2501P), a previously reported variant predicted to be damaging and c.12043T>G;p.(Y4015D), a novel variant predicted to be damaging. Ultrastructural analysis of the cilia revealed a lack of outer dynein arms and normal inner dynein arms. MRI of the brain revealed no significant abnormalities. Individual 2 had non-syndromic SI and DD. In individual 2, one rare variant (c.9110A>G;p.(H3037R)) in the dynein axonemal heavy chain 11 gene (DNAH11), coding for another component of the outer dynein arm, was identified.ConclusionsWe identified the likely genetic cause of SI and PCD in one individual, and a possibly significant heterozygosity in the other, both involving dynein genes. Given the present evidence, it is unclear if the identified variants also predispose to DD, but further studies into the association are warranted.

Warranty is an important means for the Chinese army to introduce maintenance resources from private contractors. In order to optimize the ship warranty system of the Chinese Navy, this paper analyzes the problems and defects of the current ship warranty system of the Chinese Navy, and then explores the optimization path of the ship warranty system of the Chinese Navy combined with the ship warranty practice of the armed forces in Taiwan and abroad. The research shows that there are many hidden dangers in the short warranty period for ships. Prolonging the warranty period of ships can bring important military benefits and promote the generation and maintenance of the combat effectiveness of the fleet. The relevant academic departments of the Chinese Navy should carry out the demonstration and Optimization Research on the warranty period of ships as soon as possible.

Additional file 4: Figure S2. Comparison of the relative abundance (%) of bacterial taxa at the genus level.

Additional file 1. Checklist of the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) guidelines.

Additional file 1. Supplementary Results; Methods; Table S1: PCD and L/R genes used for filtering; Fig. S1: Structural MRI findings.

Additional file 3: Figure S1. The tumor volume and weight obtained by the treatment of four different treatment groups.

Shuai Chen,1–3 Jian-Yun Zhang,1,3 Li-Sha Sun,2,3 Xue-Fen Li,2,3 Jia-Ying Bai,1 He-Yu Zhang,2,3 Tie-Jun Li1,3 1Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China; 2Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China; 3Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Tie-Jun LiDepartment of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86 010 82195203Email litiejun22@vip.sina.comHe-Yu ZhangCentral Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86 010 82195770Email zhangheyu1983@sina.cnBackground: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is among the most common malignant tumors worldwide. This study, investigated the role of microRNA (miR)-762 in regulating HNSCC progression.Materials and methods: The expression levels of miR-762 in HNSCC tissues were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Statistical analyses were performed to investigate the association of miR-762 with clinicopathological features in patients with HNSCC. Cell proliferation and migration were examined by cell counting (CCK-8) and IncuCyte assays. Target genes of miR-762 were screened using bioinformatics tools and microarrays, and confirmed using a luciferase activity reporter assay, qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Recuse experiments were performed to detect whether target genes mediated the effects of miR-762 on HNSCC cells. The in vivo effects of miR-762 were verified using tumor xenografts.Results: HNSCC clinical specimens showed high expression levels of miR-762, which positively correlated with tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and poor prognosis of HNSCC. miR-762 overexpression promoted the proliferation and migration of HNSCC cells in vitro. In addition, overexpression of miR-762 upregulated the expression of phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) and mesenchymal markers (N-cadherin and vimentin), but suppressed epithelial marker (E-cadherin) expression. miR-762 also promoted HNSCC tumor growth in vivo. PH domain and leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase 2 (PHLPP2) and Forkhead box O4 (FOXO4) were direct target genes of miR-762. HNSCC tissues had low expression levels of PHLPP2 and FOXO4, showing a negative correlation with miR-762 expression. Moreover, silencing of PHLPP2 and FOXO4 mimicked the tumor-promotive effects of miR-762 on HNSCC cells. Notably, overexpression of PHLPP2 and FOXO4 abolished the pro-tumoral function of miR-762 on cell proliferation and migration.Conclusion: miR-762 promotes HNSCC progression by targeting PHLPP2 and FOXO4. Therefore, miR-762 might be a potential diagnostic or therapeutic target for HNSCC.Keywords: miR-762, FOXO4, PHLPP2, proliferation, migration, HNSCC

BackgroundIn spite of the important role of Apolipoprotein-M (ApoM) and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P) played in atherosclerosis (AS), there was few related research reporting ApoM and S1P complex (ApoM-S1P) on biological activities of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In this study, we explored the effect and mechanism of ApoM-S1P on TNF-α-induced inflammation in HUVECs.MethodsTNF-α was utilized to induce HUVEC injury and inflammation. After HUVECs were treated with antagonists of ApoM, S1P, ApoM + S1P, and ApoM + S1P + S1PR, calcein-acetoxymethyl ester was employed for the assessment of the adhesion of HUVECs to THP-1, immunofluorescence for the observation of caspase-1expression in HUVECs, reactive oxygen species (ROS) kit for the detection of ROS level in HUVECs. The impact of TNF-α, ApoM, S1P and S1PR antagonists on inflammatory response, pyroptosis and adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to HUVECs were determined by detecting expressions of pyroptosis related proteins (IL-1β, IL-18, ASC, NLRP3 and caspase-1), inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-10), adhesion molecules (E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1) and p-PI3K/p-AKT by qRT-PCR and Western blot, as well as by ELISA.ResultsTNF-α could increase adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to HUVECs and induce inflammatory response and pyroptosis in HUVECs, indicated by up-regulated expressions of E-selectin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IL-1β, IL-18, caspase-1, ASC, NLRP3, and IL-6, and down-regulated expression of IL-10. Co-treatment of ApoM-S1P on TNF-α treated HUVECs could protect HUVECs from injury and inflammation, evidenced by the attenuation of expressions of pyroptosis related proteins, inflammatory cytokines, and adhesion molecules, as well as the augment of PI3K and AKT phosphorylation. JTE-013, an antagonist of S1PR2, could reverse the amelioration of ApoM-S1P on pyroptosis and inflammation of HUVECs, indicating that ApoM-S1P could bind to S1PR2 to protect HUVECs from injury and inflammation through activating PI3K/AKT pathway.ConclusionApoM-S1P could attenuate TNF-α induced injury and inflammatory response in HUVECs by binding to S1PR2 to activate PI3K/AKT pathway.

With large scale renewable power integrating, hybrid power system needs joint optimization dispatching. Considering complementary characteristics of different power types, this paper first constructs a day ahead time scale optimized dispatching model. The objectives are minimizing the system operation cost and maximizing the renewable energy consumption. The startup-stop status of thermal units and power output of different type power stations are selected as optimization variables. The problem then is modeled as a multistep Markov decision process which is a sequential decision process problem. A reinforcement learning method, Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient algorithm, is introduced to solve the decision problem. Finally, simulations have been carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Numerical results show that the proposed method obtains a satisfied result which can meet the power load demanded, ensure the consumption of renewable energy and minimize the system cost meanwhile.

Background Spastic limb paralysis due to injury to a cerebral hemisphere can cause long-term disability. We investigated the effect of grafting the contralateral C7 nerve from the nonparalyzed side to the paralyzed side in patients with spastic arm paralysis due to chronic cerebral injury. Methods We randomly assigned 36 patients who had had unilateral arm paralysis for more than 5 years to undergo C7 nerve transfer plus rehabilitation (18 patients) or to undergo rehabilitation alone (18 patients). The primary outcome was the change from baseline to month 12 in the total score on the Fugl–Meyer upper-extremity scale (scores range from 0 to 66, with higher scores indicating better function). Results The mean increase in Fugl–Meyer score in the paralyzed arm was 17.7 in the surgery group and 2.6 in the control group (difference, 15.1; 95% confidence interval, 12.2 to 17.9; P

In this study, a novel ternary nanocomposite, graphene-cerium oxide/porous polyaniline (rGO-CeO2/porous PANI), was synthesized via in situ polymerization and electrochemical reduction methods. A series of characterization such as SEM, XRD, and FTIR for the as-prepared composites proved that the ternary nanocomposite with well-connected nanosheets and porous structure has been successfully synthesized. The electrochemical performance testing illustrated that the electrochemical capacitance of rGO-CeO2/porous PANI nanocomposite could reach 454.8 F g−1 at 1.0 A g−1 when the mass ratio of CeO2 and porous PANI was 1:4. And the specific capacitance retained 70.23% after 10000 cycles at a current density of 5.0 A g−1 in 1.0 mol L−1 H2SO4 electrolyte. In comparison to the other nanomaterials, the excellent electrochemical performance of rGO-CeO2/porous PANI nanocomposite is attributed to good electrical conductivity and large specific surface area brought from graphene and porous PANI, energy density and better cycle life derived from CeO2, and synergetic contribution among the three components. Thus, the rGO-CeO2/porous PANI nanocomposite is a promising electrode material for supercapacitor.

Background Orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts (OOCs) are uncommon intraosseous cystic lesions and are distinguished as an individual entity of odontogenic cysts in the new World Health Organization classification. Objective To analyze the clinicopathologic features of OOC in a Chinese population. Methods All cases reported as OOCs and odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) were reviewed from the files of the Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, from 2000 to 2018. We identified 144 OOC cases and analyzed clinical and pathological information. Results In the present study, we report the largest series of OOC cases, to our knowledge. There were 98 male and 46 female patients with a peak incidence in the third to fourth decades of life. One hundred thirty-six cases (94.4%) were solitary, and 8 cases (5.6%) were multiple. The most common sites were in the mandibular molar and ramus region. Radiographically, 12 lesions showed multilocular radiolucency with bone destruction, whereas others were unilocular. All the cases were primary. In follow-up of 116 patients, 114 were treated by simple enucleation, which revealed no recurrence over a period of 0.5-17 years after surgery. Compared with OKCs, OOCs revealed different histologic and immunohistochemical features. Conclusions OOC is clinicopathologically distinct from OKC and should constitute its own clinical entity according to histologic features and biologic behavior. Further study is needed to investigate the pathogenesis and mechanism of OOCs.

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a functional disease of the female reproductive system, which has adverse effects on patients’ physical and mental health and quality of life. At present, acupoint application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as adjuvant therapy is undergoing clinical trials in different medical centers. However, there is no systematic review or meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of acupoint application of TCM in the treatment of PD. There is also a lack of systematic evaluation and analysis of acupoints and herbs. Methods: All randomized controlled trials related to acupoint catgut embedding therapy on PD will be searched in the following electronic databases: Cochrane Central Registry of controlled trials, PubMed, Wed of Science, EMBASE, Science Net, China Biomedical Literature Database, China Science Journal Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wan-Fang Database, from inception to May, 2021 were searched without language restrictions. The primary outcomes contain visual analog score, The Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale, while the secondary outcomes consist of adverse events and the recurrence rate. Two reviewers will independently perform data selection, data synthesis, and quality assessment. Data meeting the inclusion criteria will be extracted and analyzed by Revman v.5.3 software. Two reviewers will evaluate the study using the Cochrane collaborative bias risk tool. We will use the scoring method to assess the overall quality of the evidence supporting the main results. We will also use Spass software (version 19.0) for complex network analysis to explore the potential core prescription of acupoint application of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of PD. Results: This study will analyze the clinical effective rate, functional outcomes, quality of life, improvement of clinical symptoms of PD, and effective prescriptions of acupoint application for patients with PD. Conclusion: Our findings will provide evidence for the effectiveness and potential treatment prescriptions of acupoint application for patients with PD. PROSPERO registration number: CRD 42021244357

For high-proportional wind power access to power grids, how to coordinate the energy storage switching strategies with other various power generation energy sources is the key to the effective utilization of energy storage and the improvement of wind power consumption. This paper proposed a safety barrier that power grid established through energy storage for eliminating wind power, studied evaluation and identification methods of energy storage input, and established the model of energy storage operation and the relationship between energy storage capacity and wind power consumption demand energy storage capacity and clean energy consumption demand. It also constructed a method for analyzing the correlation between electric heating thermal storage load and abandonment wind during heating period, and explored the qualitative relationship between abandoned wind power, abandoned wind hours and abandoned wind power. However, the energy storage capacity is configured according to the maximum abandonment power, and the energy storage efficiency is not high, and the wind power that is consumed by the electric heating thermal storage load is the abandoned wind power during the heating period.

Large-scale clean energy is merged into the power grid. For different grid-connected methods, the reasons for wind abandonment are different. In this paper, it studied peak-regulated wind abandonment and grid frame abandoned wind, and proposed the calculation model and discrimination method of the peak-regulated wind abandonment and grid frame abandonedwind; it also proposed the correlation analysis method of power grid wind abandonment, peak-regulated wind abandonment and grid frame abandoned wind. Combined with the example, the paper analyzedthe relationship between power grid wind abandonment, peak-regulated wind abandonment and grid frame abandoned wind. For the northern heating season, the peak-regulated wind power abandonment is larger. In the non-heating season, the grid frame abandoned wind power is larger, and when the peak-regulated wind power abandonment is larger, the grid frame abandoned wind power is smaller, and the duration of the peak-regulated wind abandonment is smaller than the duration of the grid frame abandoned wind. Because a large number of measures to consumption wind are mainly aimed at peak-regulated wind abandonment, the proportion of grid frame abandoned wind has exceeded 1/3 of the total abandoned wind. It can be seen that the research on abandoning wind should be carried out from the two dimensions of peak-regulated wind abandonment and grid frame abandoned wind.

Aiming at the randomness and volatility of the abandoned wind with high proportion wind power connected to the large power grid, this paper proposed a the entire processes accurate evaluation analysis method with multi-dimensional, multi-period and multi-type, constructed a multi-dimensional analysis system such as electricity, hours, abandonment rate and abandonment ratio, and constructed a multi-period analysis system such as the annual, heating season, monthly and hourly electricity distribution and the corresponding low valley period, it also constructed a multi-type analysis system such as peak shaving abandoned wind and grid structure abandoned wind, which provides a theoretical basis for implementing large-scale abandoned wind consumption. Combined with the actual examples, the abandoned wind analysis system established in this paper has practical significance for mastering the law of abandoning wind and selecting appropriate measures for abandoning wind consumption.

We proposed contralateral cervical seventh nerve transfer for spastic arm paralysis after central neurological injury in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) in 2018. In this surgery, we applied a new surgical route for nerve transfer, the Huashan prespinal route. The objective of this study was to elaborate our new surgical technique, clarify its relationship to the vertebral artery, and provide anatomical data on this novel method. The effectiveness and safety of the Huashan prespinal route in contralateral C7 nerve transfer were evaluated anatomically. Nine cadavers (4 males, 5 females) were available for this study. Among these, anatomical parameters of the vertebral artery were obtained from 6 cadavers, and the anastomosis of the bilateral cervical seventh nerve was observed on 3 cadavers undergoing contralateral C7 nerve transfer via the Huashan prespinal route. Tension-free anastomosis of the bilateral cervical seventh nerve was achieved through the Huashan prespinal route. The tilt angle of the vertebral artery to the sagittal plane (with thyroid cartilage as the origin) was 25.5 ± 4.5°, at 22.5 ± 1.6° and 28.7 ± 4.3° on the left and right side, respectively. The safe drilling angle to penetrate through the longus colli muscles for the creation of a longus colli muscle tunnel to avoid injury to the vertebral artery in our surgical technique was above 33.2°. The cadaveric study confirms that the presented technique allowed simple, effective, and safe contralateral C7 nerve transfer. This technique can be used in the treatment of hemiplegia and brachial plexus injury. There is a safe scope of drilling angle for creating the longus colli muscle tunnel required for this surgical route. The anatomical parameters obtained in this study will be helpful for the performance of this operation.

We experimentally demonstrate strong coupling between the ferromagnetic magnons in a small yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) sphere and the drive-field-induced dressed states of a superconducting qubit, which gives rise to the double dressing of the superconducting qubit. The YIG sphere and the superconducting qubit are embedded in a microwave cavity and the effective coupling between them is mediated by the virtual cavity photons. The theoretical results fit the experimental observations well in a wide region of the drive-field power resonantly applied to the superconducting qubit and reveal that the driven qubit-magnon hybrid quantum system can be harnessed to emulate a particle-hole-symmetric pair coupled to a bosonic mode. This hybrid quantum system offers a novel platform for quantum simulation of the composite quasi-particles consisting of fermions and bosons., 6 pages, 4 figures

Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) with amorphous structure have excellent mechanical and chemical properties. In polishing process, it is hard but important to maintain amorphous state to keep original properties of BMGs, which are easily crystallized in traditional mechanical polishing and long-pulse laser polishing. In this paper, we first propose to use femtosecond laser double-pulse irradiation to smooth the surface of Zr-based BMG and make it free of laser-induced periodic surface structures and crystallization. Here, the smooth surface with half decreasing in roughness (Sa) to 111 nm is achieved by optimized parameters with laser pulse energy 0.06 μJ of the first pulse, energy ratio 40% of the first to the second pulse and time delay 20 ps. Obvious transition from a coarse surface to a smooth one occurs at near 10 ps time delay and 40% energy ratio. Mobility enhancement of molten materials guarantees the removal of undesirable surface structures through surface tension and gravity. Crystallization is avoided due to rapid heating and cooling under femtosecond laser double-pulse irradiation. A smoothed BMG surface obtained by this method verifies its feasibility in BMGs polishing.

A common method for the treatment of sports injuries for a long time to provide localized cooling in ice or snow is fomentation. This system will support a feature extraction cloud computing platform application of localized cooling which is applied to the shape of ice snow for treatment of sports injuries. It is a common method of treatment of sports injuries. Athletes usually utilizes the application of therapeutic hypothermia to return to athletic activities.. Two review authors have independently assessed the relevance and impact calculations involved in the trial, and the cloud worker permits the highlights removed legitimately from the scrambled picture. Awareness of disability sport, in particular para snowboard, may not be common or easily available, so it is important that these potential athletes know that the sport exists and where they can try the sport for the first time Some examination and test results show that, for protection trademark picture extraction, proposed technique is successful, safe, and it might be applied to the cloud picture secure figuring applications.

In the economic dispatch and optimal operation of power system, it is necessary and effective to consider the correlation among heat load, power load and wind power output to formulate a reasonable dispatch plan or to evaluate the reliability of the system. Therefore, based on the theory of Copula correlation analysis, a multivariate Copula analysis toolbox (MvCAT) is proposed to infer Copula parameters and estimate potential uncertainties. Firstly, the mixed evolution Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method in Bayes framework calculates the posterior distribution of Copula parameters, evaluate their uncertainties relative to fitting, and then select the appropriate Copula function by goodness-of-fit test. Finally, a the typical daily data of a province as samples for analysis, proposed method solves the limitation that the local optimization method often falls into the local minimum, and quantitative evaluation of the correlation between the response variables and the uncertainty associated with the length of the recorded data is essential for multivariate frequency analysis.

On 1st December 2017, the world's largest 100MW/129MWh lithium battery storage power station from Tesla was put into operation in South Australia. Then on 14th December 2017 and 18th January 2018, Tesla storage battery participated in grid frequency recovery after Victorian Loy Yang power station unit tripping accident. Tesla was triggered 140ms after the accident, before injecting active power to the grid. As a result, grid frequency was back to 50Hz with the help of Tesla and other contracted coal-fired generators within 6 minutes. Up to now, Tesla power station has provided auxiliary services such as regular adjustment and output, energy output and emergency output to the power grid. This paper first analyzes the physical and economic reasons why Tesla storage battery is integrated into Australia power grid. Then the structure and control strategy of battery is introduced. The operation of energy storage is introduced from both physical and economic dimensions. Later on, energy storage grid related technical standards and evaluation hierarchy are suggested to be made. New type of ancillary service is developed and storage’ s profit making mode is explored. All above proposals are lessons that China should learn to develop its storage technologies and storage-grid integration technologies.

Intrusion target detection and recognition are of great significance to security protection of oil and gas fields. An intrusion detection system is built with the integration of infrared image acquisition module, infrared image processing module, moving target detection module and recognition module. Traditional target recognition algorithm highly relies on manual design feature extraction algorithm, which requires designer to have adequate prior knowledge, and cannot avoid the influence of subjective factors of people. Intrusion detection and target recognition system are proposed based on deep learning, which uses neural network algorithm. Deep learning model is built through feature extraction and training of acquired images of intrusion objects, and thus subsequent invasion objects are detected and recognized. Intrusion detection is achieved through simulation of human brain, which boasts of more intelligent recognition process and more accurate recognition results compared with traditional recognition method. According to applications in real scenario, the system proposed has better detection and recognition results and great practical value.