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Anemia of inflammation (AI) is associated with inflammatory diseases, and inflammation-induced iron metabolism disorder is the major pathogenic factor. Earlier studies have reported a tendency of AI in periodontitis patients, but the explicit relationship and possible pathological mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the analyses of both periodontitis patients and a mouse model of ligature-induced experimental periodontitis showed that periodontitis was associated with lower levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit with evidence of systemic inflammation (increased white blood cell levels) and evidence of iron restriction (low serum iron along with a high serum hepcidin and ferritin levels), in accordance with the current diagnosis criteria for AI. Moreover, periodontal therapy improved the anemia status and iron metabolism disorders. Furthermore, the increased level of hepcidin and significant correlation between hepcidin and key indicators of iron metabolism emphasized the pivotal role of hepcidin in the pathogenesis of periodontitis-related AI. Administration of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitors Stattic suggested that the IL-6–STAT3–hepcidin signaling pathway participated in this regulatory process. Together, these findings demonstrated that periodontitis should be considered an inflammatory disease that contributes to the development of AI; furthermore, IL-6–STAT3–hepcidin signaling pathway plays a key regulatory role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis-related AI. Our study will provide new insights into the systemic effects of periodontitis, while meaningfully expanding the spectrum of inflammatory diseases that contribute to AI.

A pyridinium-based photocatalyst possessing both redox-active and hydrogen acceptor sites has been developed for the conversion of lignin models to afford benzaldehyde and phenyl formate as the main products through selective cleavage of C–C bonds.

Minisci reaction of heteroarenes and unactivated C(sp3)–H alkanes via a photogenerated chlorine radical from FeCl3 and seawater.

High-velocity atomic clouds in the Galactic center have attracted significant attention due to their enigmatic formation process, which is potentially linked to the starburst or supermassive black hole activities in the region. Further, the discovery of high-velocity molecular clouds (HVMCs) presents a greater puzzle, because they are much denser and more massive. If the HVMCs were accelerated by the strong activities in the Galactic center, they are expected to be destroyed before they reach such a high velocity. To shed light on this phenomenon, we perform three-dimensional numerical simulations to investigate the origin and hydrodynamic evolution of HVMCs during a starburst in the Galactic center. We find that the presence of a magnetic field provides effective protection and acceleration to molecular clouds (MCs) within the galactic winds. Consequently, the MCs can attain latitudes of approximately 1 kpc with velocities around 200 km/s, consistent with the observed characteristics of HVMCs. The consistency of our findings across a wide parameter space supports the conclusion that HVMCs can indeed withstand the starburst environment in the Galactic center, providing valuable insights into their survival mechanisms., 18 pages, 16 figures, submitted to MNRAS

Genus Macromotettixoides Zheng, Wei & Jiang, 2005 http://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/Common/basic/Taxa.aspx?TaxonNameID=1101427 Macromotettixoides Zheng, Wei & Jiang, 2005: 366; Zheng, 2005: 176; Zheng et al., 2006: 603, Deng, 2011: 543; Zheng et al., 2012: 329; Deng et al., 2014: 548; Deng, 2016: 155; Zha et al., 2017: 13; Han et al., 2020: 563; Zha et al., 2020:72; Deng et al., 2020: 42; Li et al., 2020: 111; Peng et al., 2021: 47. Type species: Macromotettixoides jiuwanshanensis Zheng, Wei & Jiang, 2005 Diagnosis. The genus Macromotettixoides can be identified as a member of the subfamily Metrodorinae based on the posterior angles of pronotal lateral lobes turning outwards with apex truncated. In Metrodorinae, it is similar to Macromotettix Günther, 1939, but differs in one concavity (namely ventral sinus) on the hind margin of lateral lobe of pronotum instead of two concavities (namely ventral sinus and tegminal sinus) in Macromotettix; tegmina being always externally invisible (vestigial, covered by pronotum) but normal in Macromotettix. Key to the species of Macromotettixoides Zheng, Wei & Jiang (The following key is based upon the keys of Han, Li & Mao (2020) and Wei & Deng (2022). M. brachynota Zheng & Shi, 2009, M. aelytra (Zheng, Li & Shi, 2002) were described based on the larvae. So, them were eliminated from the key) 1. Width of vertex narrower than the width of an eye. China (Hainan)................... M. angustivertex Zha & Peng, 2021 - Width of vertex wider than the width of an eye.............................................................. 2 2. Anterior margin of pronotum obtusely angled forward........................................................ 3 - Anterior margin of pronotum truncated.................................................................... 6 3. Width of longitudinal furrow of frontal ridge equal to antennal groove diameter; pronotal disc smooth and interspersed with dense granules; lower margin of hind pronotal process and external lateral carina of metazona straigh.................. 4 Width of longitudinal furrow of frontal ridge wider than antennal groove diameter; pronotal disc with many net-like wrinkles and notchs; lower margin of hind pronotal process and external lateral carina of metazona curved...................... 5 4. Vertex 3.0 times as wide as one eye, anterior margin obtusely angled; vertex together with frontal costa obtuse rounded; paired interhumeral carinae present. China (Fujian)........................................... M. wuyishana Zheng, 2013 - Vertex 2.1 times as wide as one eye, anterior margin arcuate; vertex together with frontal costa right angled;interhumeral carina absent. China (Jiangxi)............................................. M. jiuwanshanensis Zheng, Wei & Jiang, 2005 5. Width of vertex between eyes 1.7–1.8 times width of compound eye; antennal grooves inserted between inferior margin of compound eyes; middle of pronotal disc flat and without concavity; interhumeral carina present. China (Guangxi)..................................................................................... M. lativertex Deng et al., 2014 - Width of vertex between eyes 2.5–2.6 times width of compound eye; antennal grooves inserted far below inferior margin of compound eyes; middle of pronotal disc with an obvious concavity on both sides of median carina; interhumeral carina absent. China (Yunnan).............................................................. M. rugodorsalis Li & Mao, 2020 6. Pronotum with shoulders inclined, humeral angle indistinct.................................................... 7 - Pronotum with shoulders relatively flat, humeral angle distinct................................................ 10 7. Antennal sockets situated below the level of ventral margins of eyes, or the upper margins of antennal base segments at level with the ventral margins of eyes at most................................................................... 8 - Antennal sockets distinctly situated between the level of ventral margins of eyes................................... 9 8. Prozonal carinae running parallel; hind process with netted keels, apex narrow and concave. China (Sichuan)............................................................................ M. undulatifemura Deng, Zheng & Yang, 2012 - Distance between prozonal carinae gradually narrowed backward; hind process with tubercula and paired thick keels, apex relatively broad and rounded. China (Yunnan).................................. M. tuberculata Mao, Li & Han, 2020 9. Hind process of pronotum with apex truncated; vertex narrower, 1.6–1.8 times as wide as one eye in female. China (Yunnan)......................................................................... M. truncata Mao, Li & Han, 2020 - Hind process of pronotum with apex concave; vertex broader, 2.0 times as wide as one eye in female. China (Yunnan)........................................................................... M. curvimarginus (Zheng & Xu, 2010) 10. Median carina of pronotum strongly elevated and distinctly arch-like in profile or arch-like before shoulders............ 11 - Median carina of pronotum low and straight or undulated in profile............................................. 15 11. Median carina of pronotum distinctly arch-like in profile..................................................... 12 - Median carina of pronotum arch-like before shoulders and straight or undulated behind shoulders in profile............. 13 12. Antennal grooves inserted below inferior margins of compound eyes; caudal pronotum with apex narrowly rounded; pronotum without a pair of interhumeral carinae between shoulders. China (Zhejiang).................. M. curvicarina Deng, 2020 - Antennal grooves inserted between inferior margins of compound eyes; caudal pronotum with apex broadly rounded; pronotum with a pair of interhumeral carinae between shoulders. China (Yunnan)......................... M. amplifronta sp. nov. 13. Pronotal surface no tuberculiform convex between shoulders; middle femora with straight ventral margins. China (Hubei)........................................................................ M. wufengensi s Zheng, Wei & Li, 2009 - Pronotal surface distinctly tuberculiform convex between shoulders; middle femora with undulated ventral margins...... 14 14. Width of vertex 2.0 times the width of an eye; pronotal disc interspersed with dense granules, median carina of pronotum straight behind shoulders; lower outer carina of hind femora without projection. China (Hubei)...................................................................................................... M. cliva Zheng et al., 2006 - Width of vertex 1.4–1.5 times the width of an eye; pronotal disc interspersed with dense protuberances of variable sizes and short carinae and notchs, median carina of pronotum undulated behind shoulders; postmedian of lower outer carina of hind femora with two projections. China (Fujian).............................................. M. convexa Deng, 2020 15. Antennal sockets situated below the level of ventral margins of eyes, or the upper margins of antennal base segments level with the ventral margins of eyes at most...................................................................... 16 - Antennal sockets distinctly situated between the level of ventral margins of eyes.................................. 19 16. Lower carinae of fore and middle femur with two to three teeth and distinctly wavy; width of longitudinal furrow of frontal ridge narrower than or equal to antennal groove diameter..................................................... 17 - Lower carinae of fore and middle femur straight; width of longitudinal furrow of frontal ridge wider than antennal groove diameter. China (Hainan)......................................................... M. hainanensis (Liang 2002) 17. Width of vertex 1.2 times the width of an eye; lower outer carina of hind femur smooth and without projection. China (Yunnan)................................................................. M. daweishana Wei & Deng, 2022 - Width of vertex is 1.4 times or more than width of an eye; postmedian of lower outer carinae of hind femur with two or three projections......................................................................................... 18 18. Width of vertex 2.0 times the width of an eye; pronotal surface interspersed with dense protuberances; lower margin of hind pronotal process straight; interhumeral carina absent. China (Sichuan)............... M. orthomargina Wei & Deng, 2022 - Width of vertex 1.4–1.5 times the width of an eye in female; posterior half of pronotal disc interspersed with net-like carinae; lower margin of hind pronotal process curved; interhumeral carina present. China (Guangxi).................................................................................................. M. shengtangshanensis Deng, 2020 19. Pronotum without interhumeral carinae between shoulders................................................... 20 - Pronotum with a pair of interhumeral carinae between shoulders............................................... 21 20. Pronotum coarse, disc with many net-like wrinkles and notches; width of vertex 2.1 times the width of an eye. China (Taiwan)...................................................................... M. taiwanensis (Liang, 2000) - Pronotum smooth, disc covered with granules; width of vertex 1.4 times the width of an eye. China (Hunan).................................................................................... M. badagongshanensis (Zheng, 2013) 21. Width of longitudinal furrow of frontal ridge narrower than antennal groove diameter; ventral margins of middle femur undulate........................................................................................... 22 - Width of longitudinal furrow of frontal ridge equal to or wider than antennal groove diameter; ventral margins of middle femur straight............................................................................................ 23 22. Upper margin of pronotum elevated before shoulder and slightly undulate behind shoulder; hind process of pronotum short and broad, apex narrowly rounded; lateral carinae of prozona parallel. China (Yunnan).............. M. yingjiangensis sp. nov. - Upper margin of pronotum nearly straight, only slightly elevated with swollen base before shoulders; caudal pronotum suddenly fined with apex truncated; lateral carinae of prozona constricted backwards. China (Fujian)..................................................................................................... M. daiyunshanensis Deng, 2020 23. Vertex 1.3 times as wide as an eye; anterior margin of vertex truncate; three pulvilli of first segment of posterior tarsi equal in length. China (Fujian)................................................................. M. zhengi Deng, 2011 - Vertex 1.6–1.7 times as wide as an eye; anterior margin of vertex arcuate; three pulvilli of first segment of posterior tarsi increasing in length. China (Yunnan).................................................... M. longling Deng, 2016, Published as part of Fan, Cheng-Mei, Li, Miao & Mao, Ben-Yong, 2023, Descriptions on two new species of the genus Macromotettixoides (Orthoptera Tetrigidae: Metrodorinae) from China, pp. 127-134 in Zootaxa 5306 (1) on pages 127-129, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5306.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/8054400, {"references":["Zheng, Z. M., Wei, Z. M. & Jiang, G. F. (2005) A new genus and a new species of Metrodoridae (Orthoptera) from China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 30 (2), 366 - 367.","Zheng, Z. M., Li, P., Wan, B. & Niu, Y. (2006) A revision of Macromotettixoides Zheng from China (Orthoptera: Metrodoridae). Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University, 25 (6), 603 - 605.","Deng, W. A. (2011) A taxonomic study on the genus Macromotettixoides Zheng (Orthoptera, Tetrigoidea, Metrodorinae). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 36 (3), 543 - 546.","Zheng, Z. M., Ou, X. H. & Zhang, H. L. (2012) A new record genus and a new species of Metrodoridae from China (Orthoptera). Journal of Shaanxi Normal University, Natural Science edition, 40 (4), 54 - 55.","Deng, W. A., Lei, C. L., Zheng, Z. M., Li, X. D., Lin, L. L. & Lin, M. P. (2014) Description of a new species of the genus Macromotettixoides Zheng (Orthoptera: Tetrigoidea: Metrodorinae) from China. Neotropical Entomology, 43, 547 - 554. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 014 - 0237 - 6.","Zha, L. S., Yu, F. M., Boonmee, S., Eungwanichayapant, P. D. & Wen, T. C. (2017) Taxonomy of Macromotettixoides with the description of a new species (Tetrigidae, Metrodorinae). ZooKeys, 645, 13 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 645.9055","Han, Y. P., Li, M. & Mao, B. Y. (2020) A taxonomic study of the genus Macromotettixoides (Tetrigidae, Metrodorinae) with descriptions of two new species and two newly discovered males. Zootaxa, 4718 (4), 562 - 572. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4718.4. 9","Deng, W. A., Xin, L., Zhang, R. J., Huang, C. M., Xu, X. Q., Tan, L. S. & Huang, S. Q. (2020) New species and new synonyms of Macromotettixoides (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) with an updated key. Zootaxa, 4852 (1), 41 - 60. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4852.1.2","Li, M., Deng, Y., Yin, F. X. & Mao, B. Y. (2020) A new species of Macromotettixoides (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae: Metrodorinae) from Yunnan, China. Entomotaxonomia, 42 (2), 110 - 115. https: // doi. org / 10.11680 / entomotax. 2020013","Peng, T., Shi, T. Z., Ding, J. H. & Zha, L. S. (2021) Two Macromotettixoides species from Hainan Island, PR China, with taxonomic notes for the genus (Metrodorinae, tetrigidae). Entomological News, 130 (1), 47 - 60. https: // doi. org / 10.3157 / 021.130.0104","Zheng, Z. M. & Shi, F. M. (2009) Five new species of Tetrigoidea from Jiangxi Province of China (Orthoptera). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 34 (3), 572 - 577.","Zheng, Z. M., Li, K. & Shi, F. M. (2002) Revision of the genus Hyboella Hancock from China (Tetrigoidea: Metrodoridae). Journal of Shaanxi Normal University, 30 (4), 12 - 18.","Deng, W. A., Zheng, Z. M. & Yang, R. G. (2012) A new species in the genus Macromotettixoides Zheng (Orthoptera: Tetrigoidea: Metrodoridae) from Sichuan, China. Entomotaxonomia, 34 (2), 120 - 122.","Zheng, Z. M., Mao, B. Y. & Xu, J. S. (2010) A preliminary survey of Tetrigoidea from southwestern Yunnan Province (Insecta: Orthoptera). Jorunal of Dali University, Natural Science Edition, 9 (4), 1 - 12.","Zheng, Z. M., Wei, X. J. & Li, M. (2009) Five new species of Tetrigoidea from China (Orthoptera). Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University, 28 (2), 141 - 147.","Liang, G. Q. (2002) Orthoptera: Tetrigoidea. In: Huang, F. S. (Ed.), Forest Insects of Hainan. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 92 - 99.","Liang, G. Q. (2000) Three new species of Tetrigoidea (Orthoptera) from China. In: Zhang YL. (Ed.), Systematic and Faunistic Research on Chinese Insects. China Agriculture Press, Beijing, pp. 26 - 30."]}

1. Macromotettixoides amplifronta sp. nov. (Fig. 1: A–K) Description. Female. Body size small, surface densely covered with numerous small granules. (Fig. 1A). Head. Head at the same level of anterior margin of pronotum. In dorsal view, vertex broad, 1.5–1.6 times as wide as one eye, with paired fossulae; anterior margin broadly arcuate and slightly protruding before anterior margin of eyes; lateral carinae retrad reaching supraocular lobes, folded upward and slightly surpassing upper margin of eye in profile; median carina conspicuous and erected in occiput, above the upper margin of eyes in profile (Fig. 1A). In lateral view, vertex finely exserted above the level of upper margin of eyes; frontal costa visible before eyes and together with medial carina of vertex nearly obtusely rounded; fascial carina concave between lateral ocelli and protruding arcuately between antennal grooves (Fig. 1B–C). In frontal view, frontal costa bifurcated above lateral ocelli, longitudinal furrow widely divergent between antennae, width of longitudinal furrow of frontal ridge is 1.1– 1.2 wider than antennal groove diameter; lateral ocelli placed at middle of inner margins of eyes (Fig. 1D). Antennae filiform, inserted between lower margin of eyes, 15 segments, 8th–10th segments longest and 7.6–8.3 times as long as wide. Eyes globose, slightly lower than the top of vertex and anterior margin of the pronotum. Thorax. Pronotum tectiform, roof-shaped. In dorsal view, disc covered with granules; anterior margin straight; lateral carinae of prozona constricted backwards and erected; mid-keel entire and thick; humeral angle obtuse angled, interhumeral carina expanded retrad; internal lateral carina indistinct; exteral lateral carina clearly constricted behind humeral angle; hind process of pronotum short and broad, apex broadly rounded, reaching the 1/2 of hind femur (Fig. 1A–B). In lateral view, median carina of pronotum high, arched and lamellar at first half and slightly lowered at second half; lateral lobe of pronotum with posterior angle turning downwards, apex truncated, posterior margin of lateral lobe only with ventral sinus, tegmen and hind wing extremely degenerated, both hidden beneath pronotum and externally invisible (Fig. 1B –C). Fore and middle femora with margins finely serrated; fore femur with lower edge almost straight, 3.5–3.6 times as long as wide; middle femur with lower edge slightly undulated, 3.6–3.7 times as long as wide (Fig. 1E – F). Hind femur stout, 2.6–2.7 times as long as wide, with carinae and margins finely serrated, antegenicular denticle acute and genicular denticle nearly right angled. Hind tibia with 6 spines on outer side, 4–5 spines on inner side; first tarsal segment 1.5 times as long as the third one, first tarsal segment with first pulvillus as long as second one, third pulvillus longest, all apexes obtuse (Fig. 1G–I). Abdomen. Ovipositor narrow and long, upper valve 3.6 times as long as wide, upper margin of upper valvula and lower margin of lower valvula armed with strong and sparse saw-like teeth. Length of subgenital plate longer than its width, hind margin straight with a strongly triangular protection in the middle (Fig. 1J–K). Coloration. Body brown-yellow; antennae brown and the last two segments black. Hind femur brown, the outside of lower side black; hind tibia dark brown, with light rings in the base and middle. Male. Unknow. Measurements. Length of body ♀ 8.5–9.0 mm; length of pronotum ♀ 5.2–6.0 mm; length of hind femur ♀ 5.0–6.0 mm. Type material. Holotype. ♀, China: Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Menghai, 22°03’ N, 100°33’ E, alt. 1202 m, 16- VIII-2019, leg. Yu-Peng Han. Paratypes. 3♀, leg. Yu-Peng Han & Juan He, other data same as holotype; 1♀, China: Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Mengla, 21°31’ N, 101°28’ E, alt. 1241 m, 29-VII-2019, leg. Yu-Peng Han; 4♀, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Jinghong, alt. 1600 m, 2-VIII-2006, leg. Ji-Shan Xu. Type specimens are deposited in the BMDU. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to M. curvicarina Deng, 2020, but differs from the latter by: 1) antennal grooves inserting between inferior margins of eyes (antennal inserting below inferior margins of eyes in the latter); 2) anterior margin of vertex broadly arcuate (anterior margin of vertex undulated in the latter); 3) the apex of pronotum broadly rounded (narrowly rounded in the latter); 4) pronotum with a pair of interhumeral carinae between shoulders (without a pair of interhumeral carinae in the latter). Etymology. The specific epithet “ amplifronta ” refers to the longitudinal furrow of frontal ridge being relatively wide. Distribution. China (Yunnan)., Published as part of Fan, Cheng-Mei, Li, Miao & Mao, Ben-Yong, 2023, Descriptions on two new species of the genus Macromotettixoides (Orthoptera Tetrigidae: Metrodorinae) from China, pp. 127-134 in Zootaxa 5306 (1) on pages 129-131, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5306.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/8054400, {"references":["Deng, W. A., Xin, L., Zhang, R. J., Huang, C. M., Xu, X. Q., Tan, L. S. & Huang, S. Q. (2020) New species and new synonyms of Macromotettixoides (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) with an updated key. Zootaxa, 4852 (1), 41 - 60. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4852.1.2"]}

1. Macromotettixoides amplifronta sp. nov. (Fig. 1: A–K) Description. Female. Body size small, surface densely covered with numerous small granules. (Fig. 1A). Head. Head at the same level of anterior margin of pronotum. In dorsal view, vertex broad, 1.5–1.6 times as wide as one eye, with paired fossulae; anterior margin broadly arcuate and slightly protruding before anterior margin of eyes; lateral carinae retrad reaching supraocular lobes, folded upward and slightly surpassing upper margin of eye in profile; median carina conspicuous and erected in occiput, above the upper margin of eyes in profile (Fig. 1A). In lateral view, vertex finely exserted above the level of upper margin of eyes; frontal costa visible before eyes and together with medial carina of vertex nearly obtusely rounded; fascial carina concave between lateral ocelli and protruding arcuately between antennal grooves (Fig. 1B–C). In frontal view, frontal costa bifurcated above lateral ocelli, longitudinal furrow widely divergent between antennae, width of longitudinal furrow of frontal ridge is 1.1– 1.2 wider than antennal groove diameter; lateral ocelli placed at middle of inner margins of eyes (Fig. 1D). Antennae filiform, inserted between lower margin of eyes, 15 segments, 8th–10th segments longest and 7.6–8.3 times as long as wide. Eyes globose, slightly lower than the top of vertex and anterior margin of the pronotum. Thorax. Pronotum tectiform, roof-shaped. In dorsal view, disc covered with granules; anterior margin straight; lateral carinae of prozona constricted backwards and erected; mid-keel entire and thick; humeral angle obtuse angled, interhumeral carina expanded retrad; internal lateral carina indistinct; exteral lateral carina clearly constricted behind humeral angle; hind process of pronotum short and broad, apex broadly rounded, reaching the 1/2 of hind femur (Fig. 1A–B). In lateral view, median carina of pronotum high, arched and lamellar at first half and slightly lowered at second half; lateral lobe of pronotum with posterior angle turning downwards, apex truncated, posterior margin of lateral lobe only with ventral sinus, tegmen and hind wing extremely degenerated, both hidden beneath pronotum and externally invisible (Fig. 1B –C). Fore and middle femora with margins finely serrated; fore femur with lower edge almost straight, 3.5–3.6 times as long as wide; middle femur with lower edge slightly undulated, 3.6–3.7 times as long as wide (Fig. 1E – F). Hind femur stout, 2.6–2.7 times as long as wide, with carinae and margins finely serrated, antegenicular denticle acute and genicular denticle nearly right angled. Hind tibia with 6 spines on outer side, 4–5 spines on inner side; first tarsal segment 1.5 times as long as the third one, first tarsal segment with first pulvillus as long as second one, third pulvillus longest, all apexes obtuse (Fig. 1G–I). Abdomen. Ovipositor narrow and long, upper valve 3.6 times as long as wide, upper margin of upper valvula and lower margin of lower valvula armed with strong and sparse saw-like teeth. Length of subgenital plate longer than its width, hind margin straight with a strongly triangular protection in the middle (Fig. 1J–K). Coloration. Body brown-yellow; antennae brown and the last two segments black. Hind femur brown, the outside of lower side black; hind tibia dark brown, with light rings in the base and middle. Male. Unknow. Measurements. Length of body ♀ 8.5–9.0 mm; length of pronotum ♀ 5.2–6.0 mm; length of hind femur ♀ 5.0–6.0 mm. Type material. Holotype. ♀, China: Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Menghai, 22°03’ N, 100°33’ E, alt. 1202 m, 16- VIII-2019, leg. Yu-Peng Han. Paratypes. 3♀, leg. Yu-Peng Han & Juan He, other data same as holotype; 1♀, China: Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Mengla, 21°31’ N, 101°28’ E, alt. 1241 m, 29-VII-2019, leg. Yu-Peng Han; 4♀, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Jinghong, alt. 1600 m, 2-VIII-2006, leg. Ji-Shan Xu. Type specimens are deposited in the BMDU. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to M. curvicarina Deng, 2020, but differs from the latter by: 1) antennal grooves inserting between inferior margins of eyes (antennal inserting below inferior margins of eyes in the latter); 2) anterior margin of vertex broadly arcuate (anterior margin of vertex undulated in the latter); 3) the apex of pronotum broadly rounded (narrowly rounded in the latter); 4) pronotum with a pair of interhumeral carinae between shoulders (without a pair of interhumeral carinae in the latter). Etymology. The specific epithet “ amplifronta ” refers to the longitudinal furrow of frontal ridge being relatively wide. Distribution. China (Yunnan).

Fan, Cheng-Mei, Li, Miao, Mao, Ben-Yong (2023): Descriptions on two new species of the genus Macromotettixoides (Orthoptera Tetrigidae: Metrodorinae) from China. Zootaxa 5306 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5306.1.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5306.1.6

Background Treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilm infections in implant placement surgery is limited by the lack of antimicrobial activity of titanium (Ti) implants. There is a need to explore more effective approaches for the treatment of MRSA biofilm infections. Methods Herein, an interfacial functionalization strategy is proposed by the integration of mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA), nitric oxide (NO) release donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) onto Ti implants, denoted as Ti-PDA@SNP-OGP. The physical and chemical properties of Ti-PDA@SNP-OGP were assessed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscope, water contact angle, photothermal property and NO release behavior. The synergistic antibacterial effect and elimination of the MRSA biofilms were evaluated by 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate probe, 1-N-phenylnaphthylamine assay, adenosine triphosphate intensity, o-nitrophenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside hydrolysis activity, bicinchoninic acid leakage. Fluorescence staining, assays for alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen secretion and extracellular matrix mineralization, quantitative real‑time reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to evaluate the inflammatory response and osteogenic ability in bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs), RAW264.7 cells and their co-culture system. Giemsa staining, ELISA, micro-CT, hematoxylin and eosin, Masson’s trichrome and immunohistochemistry staining were used to evaluate the eradication of MRSA biofilms, inhibition of inflammatory response, and promotion of osseointegration of Ti-PDA@SNP-OGP in vivo. Results Ti-PDA@SNP-OGP displayed a synergistic photothermal and NO-dependent antibacterial effect against MRSA following near-infrared light irradiation, and effectively eliminated the formed MRSA biofilms by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress, destroying bacterial membrane integrity and causing leakage of intracellular components (P P P P P Conclusions These findings suggest that Ti-PDA@SNP-OGP is a promising multi-functional material for the high-efficient treatment of MRSA infections in implant replacement surgeries.

Most existing multi-document summarization (MDS) datasets lack human-generated and genuine (i.e., not synthetic) summaries or source documents with explicit inter-document relationships that a summary must capture. To enhance the capabilities of MDS systems we present PeerSum, a novel dataset for generating meta-reviews of scientific papers, where the meta-reviews are highly abstractive and genuine summaries of reviews and corresponding discussions. These source documents have rich inter-document relationships of an explicit hierarchical structure with cross-references and often feature conflicts. As there is a scarcity of research that incorporates hierarchical relationships into MDS systems through attention manipulation on pre-trained language models, we additionally present Rammer (Relationship-aware Multi-task Meta-review Generator), a meta-review generation model that uses sparse attention based on the hierarchical relationships and a multi-task objective that predicts several metadata features in addition to the standard text generation objective. Our experimental results show that PeerSum is a challenging dataset, and Rammer outperforms other strong baseline MDS models under various evaluation metrics., 10 pages

Background. Naoluo Xintong decoction (NLXTD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula which has been used to improve neuronal functional recovery after cerebral ischemic stroke. However, the molecular mechanism underlying NLXTD’s amelioration of ischemic stroke remains unclear. The present study was designed to explore the effect and mechanism of NLXTD on brain angiogenesis in a rat model with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury targeting the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. Materials and Methods. Cerebral I/R model was established by the classical middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method. Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats (n = 80) were randomly divided into the sham-operation group, the model group, the HIF-1α inhibitor 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2) group, the 2ME2 with NLXTD group, and the NLXTD group. Neurological deficit test, TTC staining, H&E staining, TUNEL staining, immunohistochemistry (IH), immunofluorescence (IF), western blot, and quantitative RT-PCR were performed to evaluate the effect of NLXTD after MCAO. Results. Administration of NLXTD significantly decreased neuron deficiency scores, reduced brain infarct volume, and lowered damaged and apoptotic cells after brain I/R injury in rats. Meanwhile, NLXTD had a protective effect on angiogenesis by increasing the MVD and the expressions of BrdU and CD34, which enhanced the number of endothelial cells in the ischemic penumbra brain. NLXTD treatment significantly raised the protein and mRNA levels of HIF-1α, VEGF, VEGFR2, and Notch1 compared with the model treatment. In contrast, a specific HIF-1α inhibitor, 2ME2, inhibited the improvement of neurological function and angiogenesis in NLXTD-induced rats with cerebral I/R injury, suggesting that NLXTD played a positive role in ischemic brain injury by activating the HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway. Conclusions. NLXTD exerts neuroprotection targeting angiogenesis by upregulating the HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway on cerebral I/R injury rats.

PurposeThis study puts forth a consumer-oriented concept of clean labels and attempts to empirically investigate consumer perceptions of these labels.Design/methodology/approachA self-administered survey (n = 346) was used as the research instrument for data collection in the current study.FindingsResults from an online survey indicate that consumers perceived less processed, elimination of undesired ingredients and ethical concerns as salient attributes associated with clean labels. Consumer-perceived benefits of these attributes include healthiness, social responsibility, sensory appeal, reliable product and low calorie. Additionally, canonical correlation analysis yields two significant associations between clean label attributes and the corresponding benefits. Attributes of elimination of undesired ingredients and utilization of familiar elements drive the benefits of healthiness, low calorie and social responsibility. Attributes of being less processed and with simple ingredients are associated with the benefit of sensory appeal.Originality/valueThis study systematically investigates the discrete clean halo effect by empirically examining the associations between the clean label attributes and the dimensionalities of benefits as perceived by consumers.

Supplementary Data from The Soluble Wnt Receptor Frizzled8CRD-hFc Inhibits the Growth of Teratocarcinomas In vivo

Wnt signaling is important for normal cell proliferation and differentiation, and mutations in pathway components are associated with human cancers. Recent studies suggest that altered wnt ligand/receptor interactions might also contribute to human tumorigenesis. Therefore, agents that antagonize wnt signaling at the extracellular level would be attractive therapeutics for these cancers. We have generated a soluble wnt receptor comprising the Frizzled8 cysteine-rich domain (CRD) fused to the human Fc domain (F8CRDhFc) that exhibits favorable pharmacologic properties in vivo. Potent antitumor efficacy was shown using the mouse mammary tumor virus-Wnt1 tumor model under dosing conditions that did not produce detectable toxicity in regenerating tissue compartments. In vitro, F8CRDhFc inhibited autocrine wnt signaling in the teratoma cell lines PA-1, NTera-2, Tera-2, and NCCIT. In vivo, systemic administration of F8CRDhFc significantly retarded the growth of tumor xenografts derived from two of these cell lines, PA-1 and NTera-2. Pharmacodynamic markers of wnt signaling, identified by gene expression analysis of cultured teratoma cells, were also modulated in the tumor xenografts following treatment with F8CRDhFc. Additionally, these markers could be used as indicators of treatment efficacy and might also be useful in identifying patients that would benefit from the therapeutic agent. This is the first report showing the efficacy of a soluble wnt receptor as an antitumor agent and suggests that further development of wnt antagonists will have utility in treating human cancer. [Cancer Res 2007;67(11):5371–9]

BASIC PENTACYSTEINE (BPC) transcription factors are essential regulators of plant growth and development. However, BPC functions and the related molecular mechanisms during cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) responses to abiotic stresses, especially salt stress, remain unknown. We previously determined that salt stress induces CsBPC expression in cucumber. In this study, Csbpc2 transgene-free cucumber plants were created using a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing system to explore CsBPC functions associated with the salt stress response. The Csbpc2 mutants had a hypersensitive phenotype, with increased leaf chlorosis, decreased biomass, and increased malondialdehyde and electrolytic leakage levels under salt stress conditions. Additionally, a mutated CsBPC2 resulted in decreased proline and soluble sugar contents and antioxidant enzyme activities, which led to the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radicals. Furthermore, the mutation to CsBPC2 inhibited salinity-induced PM-H+-ATPase and V-H+-ATPase activities, resulting in decreased Na+ efflux and increased K+ efflux. These findings suggest that CsBPC2 may mediate plant salt stress resistance through its effects on osmoregulation, reactive oxygen species scavenging, and ion homeostasis-related regulatory pathways. However, CsBPC2 also affected ABA signaling. The mutation to CsBPC2 adversely affected salt-induced ABA biosynthesis and the expression of ABA signaling-related genes. Our results indicate that CsBPC2 may enhance the cucumber response to salt stress. It may also function as an important regulator of ABA biosynthesis and signal transduction. These findings will enrich our understanding of the biological functions of BPCs, especially their roles in abiotic stress responses, thereby providing the theoretical basis for improving crop salt tolerance.

The 2, 4-epibrassinolide (EBR) significantly increased plants cold tolerance. However, mechanisms of EBR in regulating cold tolerance in phosphoproteome and proteome levels have not been reported. The mechanism of EBR regulating cold response in cucumber was studied by multiple omics analysis. In this study, phosphoproteome analysis showed that cucumber responded to cold stress through multi-site serine phosphorylation, while EBR further upregulated single-site phosphorylation for most of cold-responsive phosphoproteins. Association analysis of the proteome and phosphoproteome revealed that EBR reprogrammed proteins in response to cold stress by negatively regulating protein phosphorylation and protein content, and phosphorylation negatively regulated protein content in cucumber. Further functional enrichment analysis of proteome and phosphoproteome showed that cucumber mainly upregulated phosphoproteins related to spliceosome, nucleotide binding and photosynthetic pathways in response to cold stress. However, different from the EBR regulation in omics level, hypergeometric analysis showed that EBR further upregulated 16 cold-up-responsive phosphoproteins participated photosynthetic and nucleotide binding pathways in response to cold stress, suggested their important function in cold tolerance. Analysis of cold-responsive transcription factors (TFs) by correlation between proteome and phosphoproteome showed that cucumber regulated eight class TFs may through protein phosphorylation under cold stress. Further combined with cold-related transcriptome found that cucumber phosphorylated eight class TFs, and mainly through targeting major hormone signal genes by bZIP TFs in response to cold stress, while EBR further increased these bZIP TFs (CsABI5.2 and CsABI5.5) phosphorylation level. In conclusion, the EBR mediated schematic of molecule response mechanisms in cucumber under cold stress was proposed.

Immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has provided revolutionary results in treating various cancers. However, its efficacy in colorectal cancer (CRC), especially in microsatellite stability-CRC, is limited. This study aimed to observe the efficacy of personalized neoantigen vaccine in treating MSS–CRC patients with recurrence or metastasis after surgery and chemotherapy. Candidate neoantigens were analyzed from whole-exome and RNA sequencing of tumor tissues. The safety and immune response were assessed through adverse events and ELISpot. The clinical response was evaluated by progression-free survival (PFS), imaging examination, clinical tumor marker detection, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing. Changes in health-related quality of life were measured by the FACT-C scale. A total of six MSS–CRC patients with recurrence or metastasis after surgery and chemotherapy were administered with personalized neoantigen vaccines. Neoantigen-specific immune response was observed in 66.67% of the vaccinated patients. Four patients remained progression-free up to the completion of clinical trial. They also had a significantly longer progression-free survival time than the other two patients without neoantigen-specific immune response (19 vs. 11 months). Changes in health-related quality of life improved for almost all patients after the vaccine treatment. Our results shown that personalized neoantigen vaccine therapy is likely to be a safe, feasible and effective strategy for MSS–CRC patients with postoperative recurrence or metastasis.

Understanding the genetic basis of the node of the first fruiting branch (NFFB) improves early-maturity cotton breeding. Here we report QTL mapping on 200 F2 plants and derivative F2:3 and F2:4 populations by genotyping by sequencing (GBS). BC1F2 population was constructed by backcrossing one F2:4 line with the maternal parent JF914 and used for BSA-seq for further QTL mapping. A total of 1,305,642 SNPs were developed between the parents by GBS, and 2,907,790 SNPs were detected by BSA-seq. A high-density genetic map was constructed containing 11,488 SNPs and spanning 4,202.12 cM in length. A total of 13 QTL were mapped in the 3 tested populations. JF914 conferred favorable alleles for 11 QTL, and JF173 conferred favorable alleles for the other 2 QTL. Two stable QTL were repeatedly mapped in F2:3 and F2:4, including qNFFB-D3-1 and qNFFB-D6-1. Only qNFFB-D3-1 contributed more than 10% of the phenotypic variation. This QTL covered about 24.7 Mb (17,130,008–41,839,226 bp) on chromosome D3. Two regions on D3 (41,779,195–41,836,120 bp, 41,836,768–41,872,287 bp) were found by BSA-seq and covered about 92.4 Kb. This 92.4 Kb region overlapped with the stable QTL qNFFB-D3-1 and contained 8 annotated genes. By qRT-PCR, Ghir_D03G012430 showed a lower expression level from the 1- to 2-leaf stage and a higher expression level from the 3- to 6-leaf stage in the buds of JF173 than that of JF914. Ghir_D03G012390 reached the highest level at the 3- and 5-leaf stages in the buds of JF173 and JF914, respectively. As JF173 has lower NFFB and more early maturity than JF914, these two genes might be important in cell division and differentiation during NFFB formation in the seedling stage. The results of this study will facilitate a better understanding of the genetic basis of NFFB and benefit cotton molecular breeding for improving earliness traits.

Esophageal cancer is a widespread cancer of the digestive system that has two main subtypes: esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA). In the diverse range of cancer therapy schemes, the side effects of conventional treatments remain an urgent challenge to be addressed. Therefore, the pursuit of novel drugs with multiple targets, good efficacy, low side effects, and low cost has become a hot research topic in anticancer therapy. Based on this, epigenetics offers an attractive target for the treatment of esophageal cancer, where major mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNA regulation, chromatin remodelling and nucleosome localization offer new opportunities for the prevention and treatment of esophageal cancer. Recently, research on epigenetics has remained at a high level of enthusiasm, focusing mainly on translating the basic research into the clinical setting and transforming epigenetic alterations into targets for cancer screening and detection in the clinic. With the increasing emergence of tumour epigenetic markers and antitumor epigenetic drugs, there are also more possibilities for anti-esophageal cancer treatment. This paper focuses on esophageal cancer and epigenetic modifications, with the aim of unravelling the close link between them to facilitate precise and personalized treatment of esophageal cancer.

The Hot Universe Baryon Surveyor (HUBS) is a proposed space-based X-ray telescope for detecting X-ray emissions from the hot gas content in our universe. With its unprecedented spatially-resolved high-resolution spectroscopy and large field of view, the HUBS mission will be uniquely qualified to measure the physical and chemical properties of the hot gas in the interstellar medium, the circumgalactic medium, the intergalactic medium, and the intracluster medium. These measurements will be valuable for two key scientific goals of HUBS, namely to unravel the AGN and stellar feedback physics that governs the formation and evolution of galaxies, and to probe the baryon budget and multi-phase states from galactic to cosmological scales. In addition to these two goals, the HUBS mission will also help us solve some problems in the fields of galaxy clusters, AGNs, diffuse X-ray backgrounds, supernova remnants, and compact objects. This paper discusses the perspective of advancing these fields using the HUBS telescope., Comment: 52 pages, 22 figures. Accepted for publication in Science China: Physics, Mechanics and Astronomy

Accurate estimation of the relative pose between an object and a robot hand is critical for many manipulation tasks. However, most of the existing object-in-hand pose datasets use two-finger grippers and also assume that the object remains fixed in the hand without any relative movements, which is not representative of real-world scenarios. To address this issue, a 6D object-in-hand pose dataset is proposed using a teleoperation method with an anthropomorphic Shadow Dexterous hand. Our dataset comprises RGB-D images, proprioception and tactile data, covering diverse grasping poses, finger contact states, and object occlusions. To overcome the significant hand occlusion and limited tactile sensor contact in real-world scenarios, we propose PoseFusion, a hybrid multi-modal fusion approach that integrates the information from visual and tactile perception channels. PoseFusion generates three candidate object poses from three estimators (tactile only, visual only, and visuo-tactile fusion), which are then filtered by a SelectLSTM network to select the optimal pose, avoiding inferior fusion poses resulting from modality collapse. Extensive experiments demonstrate the robustness and advantages of our framework. All data and codes are available on the project website: https://elevenjiang1.github.io/ObjectInHand-Dataset/

In view of the classical visual servoing trajectory planning method which only considers the camera trajectory, this paper proposes one homography matrix based trajectory planning method for robot uncalibrated visual servoing. Taking the robot-end-effector frame as one generic case, eigenvalue decomposition is utilized to calculate the infinite homography matrix of the robot-end-effector trajectory, and then the image feature-point trajectories corresponding to the camera rotation is obtained, while the image feature-point trajectories corresponding to the camera translation is obtained by the homography matrix. According to the additional image corresponding to the robot-end-effector rotation, the relationship between the robot-end-effector rotation and the variation of the image feature-points is obtained, and then the expression of the image trajectories corresponding to the optimal robot-end-effector trajectories (the rotation trajectory of the minimum geodesic and the linear translation trajectory) are obtained. Finally, the optimal image trajectories of the uncalibrated visual servoing controller is modified to track the image trajectories. Simulation experiments show that, compared with the classical IBUVS method, the proposed trajectory planning method can obtain the shortest path of any frame and complete the robot visual servoing task with large initial pose deviation.

Additional file 2.

Supplementary Material 1: Tables 1 and (2) Details of the study subjects. Figure 1. Normal distribution of NPr and dsDPr.

Supplementary Material 1

The prominence of embodied Artificial Intelligence (AI), which empowers robots to navigate, perceive, and engage within virtual environments, has attracted significant attention, owing to the remarkable advancements in computer vision and large language models. Privacy emerges as a pivotal concern within the realm of embodied AI, as the robot access substantial personal information. However, the issue of privacy leakage in embodied AI tasks, particularly in relation to decision-making algorithms, has not received adequate consideration in research. This paper aims to address this gap by proposing an attack on the Deep Q-Learning algorithm, utilizing gradient inversion to reconstruct states, actions, and Q-values. The choice of using gradients for the attack is motivated by the fact that commonly employed federated learning techniques solely utilize gradients computed based on private user data to optimize models, without storing or transmitting the data to public servers. Nevertheless, these gradients contain sufficient information to potentially expose private data. To validate our approach, we conduct experiments on the AI2THOR simulator and evaluate our algorithm on active perception, a prevalent task in embodied AI. The experimental results convincingly demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in successfully recovering all information from the data across all 120 room layouts., Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures

An Au-doped nanostructured TiO2/C material was synthesized by a facile approach via calcination of Ti-based metal-organic-framework (MIL-125) with Au-doped from HAuCl4 and was used to fabricate a modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for detection of ferulic acid (FA). The composition and morphology of TiO2/C/Au were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The redox properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. Under optimized conditions, the reported sensor not only exhibited high selectivity, but also showed a wide linear range over FA concentrations from 0 to 20.0 µM with a low detection limit of 1.6 × 10−8 mol/L, attributed to advantageously high electron transfer efficiency.

Numerous evaluation metrics have been developed for natural language generation tasks but their effectiveness in evaluating stories is limited as they are not specifically tailored to assess intricate story aspects such as fluency and interestingness. In this paper, we propose Deltascore, an approach that utilizes perturbation to evaluate fine-grained story aspects. Our core hypothesis is that the better the story performs in a specific aspect (e.g., fluency), the more it will be affected by a particular perturbation (e.g., introducing typos). To measure the impact, we calculate the \textit{likelihood difference} between the pre- and post-perturbation using large pre-trained language models. We evaluate Deltascore against a suite of current metrics across two story domains, and investigate its correlation with human judgments on five fine-grained story aspects: fluency, coherence, relatedness, logicality, and interestingness. Deltascore performs very strongly, with a surprise observation that one particular perturbation works very well for capturing multiple aspects.

Multi-document summarization (MDS) aims to generate a summary for a number of related documents. We propose HGSUM, an MDS model that extends an encoder-decoder architecture, to incorporate a heterogeneous graph to represent different semantic units (e.g., words and sentences) of the documents. This contrasts with existing MDS models which do not consider different edge types of graphs and as such do not capture the diversity of relationships in the documents. To preserve only key information and relationships of the documents in the heterogeneous graph, HGSUM uses graph pooling to compress the input graph. And to guide HGSUM to learn compression, we introduce an additional objective that maximizes the similarity between the compressed graph and the graph constructed from the ground-truth summary during training. HGSUM is trained end-to-end with graph similarity and standard cross-entropy objectives. Experimental results over MULTI-NEWS, WCEP-100, and ARXIV show that HGSUM outperforms state-of-the-art MDS models. The code for our model and experiments is available at: https://github.com/oaimli/HGSum., Comment: AAAI 2023

Additional file 1.

For the SLAM system in robotics and autonomous driving, the accuracy of front-end odometry and back-end loop-closure detection determine the whole intelligent system performance. But the LiDAR-SLAM could be disturbed by current scene moving objects, resulting in drift errors and even loop-closure failure. Thus, the ability to detect and segment moving objects is essential for high-precision positioning and building a consistent map. In this paper, we address the problem of moving object segmentation from 3D LiDAR scans to improve the odometry and loop-closure accuracy of SLAM. We propose a novel 3D Sequential Moving-Object-Segmentation (3D-SeqMOS) method that can accurately segment the scene into moving and static objects, such as moving and static cars. Different from the existing projected-image method, we process the raw 3D point cloud and build a 3D convolution neural network for MOS task. In addition, to make full use of the spatio-temporal information of point cloud, we propose a point cloud residual mechanism using the spatial features of current scan and the temporal features of previous residual scans. Besides, we build a complete SLAM framework to verify the effectiveness and accuracy of 3D-SeqMOS. Experiments on SemanticKITTI dataset show that our proposed 3D-SeqMOS method can effectively detect moving objects and improve the accuracy of LiDAR odometry and loop-closure detection. The test results show our 3D-SeqMOS outperforms the state-of-the-art method by 12.4%. We extend the proposed method to the SemanticKITTI: Moving Object Segmentation competition and achieve the 2nd in the leaderboard, showing its effectiveness.

Whole-genome sequencing technologies provide opportunities to further understand genetic variation among different varieties. Some related genes that are useful for the breeding process could be identified by sequencing technologies. In this study, two peach varieties, Green No. 9 (LH) and its bud mutant Daifei (DT), were analyzed with whole-genome re-sequencing. Approximately 109 million total reads were generated, which covered ∼89% of the peach reference genome. A total of 1 143 757 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 169 827 insertion–deletion mutations (InDels), 17 132 structural variations (SVs) and 5 040 copy number variations (CNVs) were detected in Green No. 9 and Daifei. Variant genes were classified by Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) metabolic pathway database. Detected genes such as LOC18768059 (carbohydrate metabolism) and LOC18785045 (anthocyanin biosynthesis), were good candidate genes for exploring the phenotypic variations between Green No. 9 and Daifei. Green No. 9 and its bud mutant Daifei showed obvious differences in phenotypes and variant genetic loci. The detected genomic variations will contribute to explorations of important functional genes and to understanding the genetic basis of peach bud mutations.

The “book now, pay later” phenomenon is one form of payment which has flow-on effects such as increasing last-minute cancelations. To encourage prepayment, some hotels have been offering a price discount or free upgrade for choosing the “pay now” option, but little is known about which incentives can generate better outcomes. This study aims to examine what types of payment options are preferable based on the time between booking and check-in (i.e. temporal distance), and to investigate how the payment options and temporal distance jointly influence perceived risks. The findings demonstrate that while people prefer the pay now with monetary incentive option when traveling time is in the near future, they mostly prefer the pay later option when traveling time is distant. In addition, people planning a trip in the distant future perceive significantly higher risks from the pay now with non-monetary and monetary incentive options than from the pay later option.

Psychological stress causes structural and metabolic dysfunction of masseter muscles. The anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative polyphenol curcumin plays a local antioxidant role in rat masseter muscles under psychological stress by an as-yet-unknown mechanism. The present study aimed to assess curcumin anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects on masseter muscle and its possible molecular mechanisms.We constructed a rat model of chronic unpredictable moderate stress (CUMS). Psychological stress was assessed by determining the levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol in serum. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays measured inflammatory cytokines and markers of oxidative stress in masseter muscles. Levels of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined using quantitative PCR analyses and immunofluorescent staining. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation were examined using western blotting.The CUMS group showed increased serum cortisol and ACTH levels. Pathological changes in the ultrastructure, oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in the masseter muscles were also observed. Curcumin treatment (50, 100 mg/kg) ameliorated these changes significantly by varying degrees. Mechanistically, increased levels of phosphorylated NF-κB, toll-like receptor 4 and HMGB1 were observed, which were also ameliorated by curcumin treatment.Curcumin can reduce local pathological changes, levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in masseter muscles. Psychological stress activates HMGB1 expression and increases the expression of downstream TLR4 and p-NF-κB, which could be reduced by curcumin. Thus, curcumin might exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in masseter muscles via the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway.

In this paper, a self-supporting T-shaped gate (SST-gate) GaN device and process method using electron beam lithography are proposed. An AlGaN/GaN HEMT device with a gate length of 100 nm was fabricated by this method. The current gain cutoff frequency (fT) is 60 GHz, and the maximum oscillation frequency (fmax) is 104 GHz. The current collapse has improved by 13% at Static bias of (VGSQ, VDSQ) = (-8 V, 10 V) and gate manufacturing yield has improved by 17% compared to the traditional floating T-shaped gate (FT-gate) device.

Thiopurine dose optimization by thiopurine-S-methyltransferase (TPMT) or nudix hydrolase-15 (NUDT15) significantly reduced early leucopenia in Asia. However, it fails to avoid the late incidence (> 2 months). Although laboratory monitoring of 6-thioguanine nucleotides (6TGN) to optimize thiopurine dose was suggested in White patients the exact association between leucopenia and 6TGN was controversial in Asian patients. In the present study, we aimed to explore whether DNA-thioguanine nucleotides (DNA-TGs) in leukocytes, compared with 6TGN in erythrocytes, can be a better biomarker for late leucopenia. This was a prospective, observational study. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) prescribed thiopurine from February 2019 to December 2019 were recruited. Thiopurine dose was optimized by NUDT15 C415T (rs116855232). DNA-TG and 6TGN levels were determined at the time of late leucopenia or 2 months after the stable dose was obtained. A total of 308 patients were included. Thiopurine induced late leucopenia (white blood cells

We describe an extensively drug-resistant Klebsiella michiganensis strain, Kmfe267, which was originally isolated from a renal abscess patient. The strain carries the blaNDM-5 gene, which encodes a New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase. The complete genome of the strain contains a 5.9-Mb chromosome and 5 plasmids.

Bimanual activities like coffee stirring, which require coordination of dual arms, are common in daily life and intractable to learn by robots. Adopting reinforcement learning to learn these tasks is a promising topic since it enables the robot to explore how dual arms coordinate together to accomplish the same task. However, this field has two main challenges: coordination mechanism and long-horizon task decomposition. Therefore, we propose the Mixline method to learn sub-tasks separately via the online algorithm and then compose them together based on the generated data through the offline algorithm. We constructed a learning environment based on the GPU-accelerated Isaac Gym. In our work, the bimanual robot successfully learned to grasp, hold and lift the spoon and cup, insert them together and stir the coffee. The proposed method has the potential to be extended to other long-horizon bimanual tasks., 10 pages, conference

Interstellar (ISM) and circumgalactic mediums (CGM) around galaxies are linked to several physical processes that drive galaxy evolution. For example, the X-ray emission from the CGM gas around ellipticals has been linked to the AGN feedback occurring in the host. Upcoming telescopes, such as HUBS with ~2 eV resolution, can provide us with deep insights about the hot gas properties of such galaxies thus constrain these processes. In this project, we discuss X-ray emission of the ISM and CGM of elliptical galaxies simulated using MACER code. We generate X-ray emission data from the MACER simulations with various feedback models and produce mock observations for an instrument with high spectral resolution, which is a necessary step of selecting sources for the future observations with planned mission such as HUBS. More importantly, we establish connections between the physics of AGN and stellar feedback with the emission spectra from the ISM and CGM to investigate the possibility of using observations to constrain feedback models. We fit the X-ray spectra from these simulations with standard fitting procedures and compare the retrieved physical properties with their counterparts from the simulations to understand whether the future high-resolution observations can reliably reveal the properties of the gas in the galaxies., 10 pages, 13 Figures, accepted in MNRAS

This data is provided as supporting and supplementary material to the article Warming stimulates CO2 emission than precipitation variation in China's coastal wetlands. The CO2 flux part of this data source is from 48 articles analyzed by Mate, and 1011 pairs of data are extracted.2from the China Meteorological Force Dataset (CMFD) with 0.1° spatial resolution (He et al.,.2020) and match.Specific Mate data screening principles are as follows: we searched for "CO2 emissions fluxes from coastal wetlands in China", with four typical vegetation species for coastal wetlands in China (T. chinensis, S. glauca, S. triqueter, and P. australis). The search criterion was ‘China AND (coastal wetland OR salt marsh OR tidal marsh OR brackish marsh OR estuarine marsh),’ in combination with ‘(CO2 OR carbon dioxide OR ecosystem respiration OR greenhouse gas OR carbon fluxes)’, published in the Web of Science (http://apps.webofknowledge.com/) or in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (http://www.cnki.net/) between January 1, 2000, and September 12, 2021. In total, 246 papers were found in Chinese and English. To distinguish the vegetation ecosystems' roles in CO2 emission fluxes and ensure data consistency, we used the static opaque chamber method to select data for our meta-analysis. After this screening, 48 articles were selected, and 1011 pairs of data were extracted.

Baseflow, a component of the total streamflow, plays a key role in maintaining aquatic habitats, particularly during extreme drought events. This study investigated baseflow response to a prolonged and extreme meteorological drought event in the Baiyangdian Basin (BYD basin), a temperate water-limited basin in North China. Applying a precipitation series, piecewise regression was used to determine this extreme meteorological drought event, while the Automatic Baseflow Identification Technique (ABIT) was used to estimate a recession parameter (α), which was used to isolate baseflow from total streamflow. Results showed that: 1) annual precipitation exhibited significant decreasing trends (P < 0.05) with an average change of −1.81 mm/yr2. The precipitation deficit revealed that the start and end date of the extreme meteorological drought event was from August 1996 to May 2011, respectively, persisting for a total of 178 months (roughly 15 yr); 2) hydrological drought (including streamflow and baseflow) lagged behind meteorological drought while predictably persisting longer than extreme meteorological drought (i.e., precipitation); and 3) baseflow decreased dramatically under meteorological drought at both seasonal and annual scales, resulting in significantly decreasing trends during drought periods. Findings from this study confirmed that hydrological events caused by extreme meteorological drought can alter the magnitude and duration of baseflow and total streamflow, which will have an inevitable influence on aquatic ecosystems.

Carrying out an integrated survey, monitoring and evaluation of natural resources, accurately understanding the status and changes of various natural resources in China, is the scientific basis for territorial and spatial plans, and gradually realizing the overall protection, restoration, and comprehensive management of landscapes (including mountains, forests, fields, lakes and grasses), ensuring national ecological security. At present, the extraction of natural resource features based on remote sensing images mainly relies on visual interpretation via man-machine interaction and field spot verification. It needs high labor intensity, and production efficiency is low. The results are also highly affected by man-induced factor, which can no longer adapt to the requirements for integrated investigation and monitoring of all features of natural resources. This paper conforms to the emerging direction of the research development with artificial intelligence collaboration. Firstly, this paper reviews the main research progress of deep learning technology and its application in the field of remote sensing image intelligent extraction systematically, and analyzes its limitations, then it reviews the main research status of man-machine collaboration. Afterward, Starting from the characteristics of natural resource features, presents a technical framework of "intelligent background computing+intelligent engine+man-machine interface" for man-machine collaborative intelligent extraction. The key technologies that need to be overcome are described. At last, the idea of creating cloud platform for feature extraction are discussed. This paper aims to provide a new AI method for intelligent extraction and improve the automation and intelligence level of natural resource feature extraction.

Peer-to-peer (P2P) businesses in the hospitality and tourism industry pose a regulatory challenge that has disrupted traditional regulatory schemes. This article proposes peer regulation as a form of regulation that complements and supplements command-and-control regulation and platform self-regulation in a P2P business model. Using the polycentric coregulation framework and impression management theory as a theoretical basis, this study systematically explores peer regulation at intrapeer (i.e., self-monitoring and prosocial behaviors), interpeer (i.e., trust-enforcing mechanism and belongingness-enhancing mechanism), and platform (i.e., peer-centric platform self-regulation and de-individualization) levels. The article also discusses critical peer regulation issues such as P2P evaluation and reputation systems in a multifarious regulatory environment, P2P employment, and leveraging platform self-regulation and jurisdictional regulation. This article offers a theoretical account of multilevel peer regulation as a form of P2P regulation and provides future research directions on the topic.