Search

Reconstructing neural radiance fields with explicit volumetric representations, demonstrated by Plenoxels, has shown remarkable advantages on training and rendering efficiency, while grid-based representations typically induce considerable overhead for storage and transmission. In this work, we present a simple and effective framework for pursuing compact radiance fields from the perspective of compression methodology. By exploiting intrinsic properties exhibiting in grid models, a non-uniform compression stem is developed to significantly reduce model complexity and a novel parameterized module, named Neural Codebook, is introduced for better encoding high-frequency details specific to per-scene models via a fast optimization. Our approach can achieve over 40 $\times$ reduction on grid model storage with competitive rendering quality. In addition, the method can achieve real-time rendering speed with 180 fps, realizing significant advantage on storage cost compared to real-time rendering methods., Accepted by ICME 2023

Additional file 3: Table S1. The performance of models with and without NSPs for identifying patients with unfavorable outcome at 3 months. Table S2. Bivariate correlation between neutrophil counts and neutrophil elastase (NE), cathepsin G (CTSG), as well as proteinase 3 (PR3) plasma concentrations in the subgroups. Table S3. The Youden index of neutrophils serine proteinases for identifying patients with unfavorable outcome at 3 months in different groups. Table S4. Comparisons of dichotomous neutrophil elastase (NE), and proteinase 3 (PR3) levels according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months in the whole study population (n = 342). Table S5. Logistic regression analysis and additional predictive value of the model including neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase 3 (PR3) concentration for patients with unfavorable outcome (mRS > 2) at 3 months in the subgroup of patients with available infarct volume (n = 212). Table S6. Comparisons of neutrophil serine proteinases plasma concentrations between patients eligible for IV recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) or not. Table S7. Comparisons of neutrophil serine proteinases plasma concentrations between patients received bridging therapy or not. Table S8. Demographic and clinical data for the subgroup of patients received IV recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) treatment (n = 119). Table S9. Comparison of dichotomous neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase 3 (PR3) levels in the subgroup of patients received rtPA treatment according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. Table S10. Correlation between neutrophil serine proteinases plasma concentrations and baseline characteristics in the whole study population (n = 342).

Self-centering joints always show good seismic performance and self-centering capacity. However, there is rare study on fire response of self-centering joint. This paper presents a comprehensive experimental study on the fire response of self-centering beam-column joints as well as their post-fire seismic performance. In total, two joints were designed and fabricated. One was used as reference and the other subjected to constant vertical loads on the beam ends was tested under the ISO-834 fire. The fire test terminated after 171min without reaching failure limit states. The test results indicate that the fire resistance of self-centering joint is satisfactory. Then both joints were tested under quasi-static loading. The fire exposure significantly affected the post-fire seismic performance of self-centering joint. Nevertheless, self-centering joint could sustain severe seismic excitation after fire exposure.

Additional file 3: Table S1. The performance of models with and without NSPs for identifying patients with unfavorable outcome at 3 months. Table S2. Bivariate correlation between neutrophil counts and neutrophil elastase (NE), cathepsin G (CTSG), as well as proteinase 3 (PR3) plasma concentrations in the subgroups. Table S3. The Youden index of neutrophils serine proteinases for identifying patients with unfavorable outcome at 3 months in different groups. Table S4. Comparisons of dichotomous neutrophil elastase (NE), and proteinase 3 (PR3) levels according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months in the whole study population (n = 342). Table S5. Logistic regression analysis and additional predictive value of the model including neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase 3 (PR3) concentration for patients with unfavorable outcome (mRS > 2) at 3 months in the subgroup of patients with available infarct volume (n = 212). Table S6. Comparisons of neutrophil serine proteinases plasma concentrations between patients eligible for IV recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) or not. Table S7. Comparisons of neutrophil serine proteinases plasma concentrations between patients received bridging therapy or not. Table S8. Demographic and clinical data for the subgroup of patients received IV recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) treatment (n = 119). Table S9. Comparison of dichotomous neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase 3 (PR3) levels in the subgroup of patients received rtPA treatment according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. Table S10. Correlation between neutrophil serine proteinases plasma concentrations and baseline characteristics in the whole study population (n = 342).

Automatic image colorization is a challenging problem. Due to the high illness and multi-modal uncertainty, directly training a deep neural network usually leads to incorrect semantic colors and low color richness. Recent transformer-based methods can deliver better results, but they often rely on manually designed priors, which are hard to implement and suffer from poor generalization ability. Moreover, they tend to introduce serious color bleeding effects since color attention is performed on single-scale features, thus fail to exploit sufficient semantic information. To address these issues, we propose DDColor, a new end-to-end method with dual decoders for image colorization. Our approach includes a multi-scale image decoder and a transformer-based color decoder. The former restores the spatial resolution of the image, while the latter establishes the correlation between color and semantic representations via cross-attention. Rather than using additional priors, our two decoders work together to leverage multi-scale image features to guide optimization of adaptive color queries, significantly alleviating color bleeding effects. In addition, a simple yet effective colorfulness loss is introduced to further enhance the color richness of generated results. Our extensive experiments demonstrate that DDColor achieves significantly superior performance to existing state-of-the-art works both quantitatively and qualitatively. Codes will be made publicly available at https://github.com/piddnad/DDColor.

In this paper, we present a novel and effective framework, named 4K-NeRF, to pursue high fidelity view synthesis on the challenging scenarios of ultra high resolutions, building on the methodology of neural radiance fields (NeRF). The rendering procedure of NeRF-based methods typically relies on a pixel-wise manner in which rays (or pixels) are treated independently on both training and inference phases, limiting its representational ability on describing subtle details, especially when lifting to a extremely high resolution. We address the issue by exploring ray correlation to enhance high-frequency details recovery. Particularly, we use the 3D-aware encoder to model geometric information effectively in a lower resolution space and recover fine details through the 3D-aware decoder, conditioned on ray features and depths estimated by the encoder. Joint training with patch-based sampling further facilitates our method incorporating the supervision from perception oriented regularization beyond pixel-wise loss. Benefiting from the use of geometry-aware local context, our method can significantly boost rendering quality on high-frequency details compared with modern NeRF methods, and achieve the state-of-the-art visual quality on 4K ultra-high-resolution scenarios. Code Available at \url{https://github.com/frozoul/4K-NeRF}

We present an explicit-grid based method for efficiently reconstructing streaming radiance fields for novel view synthesis of real world dynamic scenes. Instead of training a single model that combines all the frames, we formulate the dynamic modeling problem with an incremental learning paradigm in which per-frame model difference is trained to complement the adaption of a base model on the current frame. By exploiting the simple yet effective tuning strategy with narrow bands, the proposed method realizes a feasible framework for handling video sequences on-the-fly with high training efficiency. The storage overhead induced by using explicit grid representations can be significantly reduced through the use of model difference based compression. We also introduce an efficient strategy to further accelerate model optimization for each frame. Experiments on challenging video sequences demonstrate that our approach is capable of achieving a training speed of 15 seconds per-frame with competitive rendering quality, which attains $1000 \times$ speedup over the state-of-the-art implicit methods. Code is available at https://github.com/AlgoHunt/StreamRF., Comment: Accepted at NeurIPS 2022

The synthetic dimension opens new horizons in quantum physics and topological photonics by enabling new dimensions for field and particle manipulations. The most appealing property of the photonic synthetic dimension is its ability to emulate high-dimensional optical behavior in a unitary physical system. Here we show that the photonic synthetic dimension can transform technical problems in photonic systems between dimensionalities, providing unexpected solutions to technical problems that are otherwise challenging. Specifically, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a photonic Galton board (PGB) in the temporal synthetic dimension, in which the temporal high-speed challenge is converted into a spatial fiber-optic length matching problem, leading to the experimental generation of tera-sample-per-second arbitrary waveforms. Limited by the speed of the measurement equipment, waveforms with sampling rates of up to 341.53 GSa/s are recorded. Our proposed PGB operating in the temporal synthetic dimension breaks the speed limit in a physical system, bringing arbitrary waveform generation into the terahertz regime. The concept of dimension conversion offers possible solutions to various physical dimension-related problems, such as super-resolution imaging, high-resolution spectroscopy, time measurement, etc.

Background: Salivary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma (ACC) is a malignant tumor located at oral and maxillofacial regions, and its conventional treatments are surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, its poor survival rates and prognosis resulting from the molecular mechanisms underlying the carcinogenesis remain obscure. To date, there are insufficient reviews to summarize the genes and molecular pathways for ACC. Therefore, it is required for us to highlight the main oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and genetic signal transduction pathways associated with ACC in this review. Materials and Methods: A literature review based on PubMed for the genetic characteristics and molecular transduction pathways for ACC was conducted. Ninety articles were selected as references using the search terms or keywords such as “genes, molecular pathways, salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma or ACC”. Results: We have briefly described histopathology, current treatments and main clinical features in ACC. Besides, we have also elaborated the associated genes and pathways in this review according to the searched articles in recent years. Conclusion: We have summarized vital genes and proteins targeting or mechanism-based on proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis. Although there are few kinds of research on ACC currently exist, we expect that better detailed genetic studies would pave the way for promising advancement in our understanding of the molecular biology and pathogenesis mechanisms underlying tumors.

Supplemental material, sj-docx-4-jet-10.1177_15266028221090434 for Network Analysis of Endovascular Treatment Strategies for Femoropopliteal Arterial Occlusive Disease by Shenyu Zhao, Lingzhi Li and Kaijun Cui in Journal of Endovascular Therapy

Approximating radiance fields with volumetric grids is one of promising directions for improving NeRF, represented by methods like Plenoxels and DVGO, which achieve super-fast training convergence and real-time rendering. However, these methods typically require a tremendous storage overhead, costing up to hundreds of megabytes of disk space and runtime memory for a single scene. We address this issue in this paper by introducing a simple yet effective framework, called vector quantized radiance fields (VQRF), for compressing these volume-grid-based radiance fields. We first present a robust and adaptive metric for estimating redundancy in grid models and performing voxel pruning by better exploring intermediate outputs of volumetric rendering. A trainable vector quantization is further proposed to improve the compactness of grid models. In combination with an efficient joint tuning strategy and post-processing, our method can achieve a compression ratio of 100$\times$ by reducing the overall model size to 1 MB with negligible loss on visual quality. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework is capable of achieving unrivaled performance and well generalization across multiple methods with distinct volumetric structures, facilitating the wide use of volumetric radiance fields methods in real-world applications. Code Available at \url{https://github.com/AlgoHunt/VQRF}

Supplemental material, sj-docx-4-jet-10.1177_15266028221090434 for Network Analysis of Endovascular Treatment Strategies for Femoropopliteal Arterial Occlusive Disease by Shenyu Zhao, Lingzhi Li and Kaijun Cui in Journal of Endovascular Therapy

Objective: To explore the value of gastrointestinal endoscopy in the early diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal tumors and lay a foundation for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal tumors. Methods: One hundred and eight patients with gastrointestinal tumors who were admitted to our hospital from August 2016 to April 2018 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into observation group and control group according to different diagnostic methods, 54 cases in each group. The control group was treated with traditional endoscopy (white light imaging) and traditional surgery, while the observation group underwent narrow band imaging (NBI) based on endoscopic examination and endoscopic mucosal resection. The image quality scores (morphological image, gastric pit image and capillary image), diagnostic accuracy, surgery related clinical indicators (operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, hospitalization days) and complications were observed and compared between the two groups. Results: The morphological image, gastric pit image and capillary image scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P

The irrational use of antibiotics in agriculture and in the medical field has led to a variety of pathogenic microorganisms that produce drug resistance and even multidrug resistance. B-lactam is one of the most widely used antibiotics to treat infectious diseases. Resistance to β-lactam resistance can be primarily due to the presence β-lactamase, mutation of β-lactam targets and overexpression of efflux pumps. Two-component regulatory systems are composed of histidine kinase and response regulator that regulate gene expression under different environmental conditions. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms by which β-lactam resistance is developed and the role of the two-component regulatory system in β-lactam resistance.

Eu3+-doped germanate based red emitting phosphors SrGe4O9: xEu3+ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5 mol%) were prepared by high-temperature solid-state procedure. Moreover, the Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation, X-ray diffraction (XRD) Rietveld refinement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and photoluminescence (PL) measurement were discussed in detail to fully investigate the crystal structure and PL properties of SrGe4O9: xEu3+. Furthermore, the Judd–Ofelt (J–O) analysis demonstrated that the Eu3+ ions in the SrGe4O9 host possessed lower sites symmetry. In addition, the phosphor SrGe4O9: 0.35%Eu3+ displayed superior thermal stability with PL intensity at 423 K is around 90% of its initial value at 298 K. As a result, the white light emitting diodes (WLED) device based on SrGe4O9: 0.35%Eu3+ achieved an expected result of a correlated color temperature (CCT) of 4573 K and a color rendering index (CRI) of 80.8 under a voltage of 3 V and a driven current of 20 mA.

In recent years, edge computing (EC) has attracted great attention for its high-speed computing and low-latency characteristics. However, there are many challenges in the implementation of EC. Firstly, user's privacy has been raised as a major concern because the edge devices may be untrustworthy. In the case of Private Edge Computing (PEC), a user wants to compute a matrix multiplication between its local matrix and one of the matrices in a library, which has been redundantly stored in edge devices. When utilizing resources of edge devices, the privacy requires that each edge device cannot know which matrix stored on it is desired by the user for the multiplication. Secondly, edge devices usually have limited communication and storage resources, which makes it impossible for them to store all matrices in the library. In this paper, we consider the limited resources of edge devices and propose an unified framework for PEC. Within the framework, we study two highly-coupled problems, (1) storage allocation, that determines which matrices are stored on each edge device, and (2) computation design, that determines which matrices (or linear combinations of them) in each edge device are selected to participate in the computing process with the privacy consideration. Specifically, we give a general storage allocation scheme and then design two feasible private computation schemes, i.e., General Private Computation (GPC) scheme and Private Coded Computation (PCC) scheme. In particular, GPC can be applied in general case and PCC can only be applied in special cases, while PCC achieves less communication load. We theoretically analyze the proposed computing schemes and compare them with other schemes. Finally, we conduct extensive simulations to show the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.

Objective: To explore the value of gastrointestinal endoscopy in the early diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal tumors and lay a foundation for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal tumors. Methods: One hundred and eight patients with gastrointestinal tumors who were admitted to our hospital from August 2016 to April 2018 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into observation group and control group according to different diagnostic methods, 54 cases in each group. The control group was treated with traditional endoscopy (white light imaging) and traditional surgery, while the observation group underwent narrow band imaging (NBI) based on endoscopic examination and endoscopic mucosal resection. The image quality scores (morphological image, gastric pit image and capillary image), diagnostic accuracy, surgery related clinical indicators (operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, hospitalization days) and complications were observed and compared between the two groups. Results: The morphological image, gastric pit image and capillary image scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P

Implementation of a parity-time (PT) symmetric microwave photonic system in the optical wavelength space with spatial singularity is proposed. In the proposed PT-symmetric microwave photonic system, the gain and loss modes are confined in a single spatial resonator, which is different from a conventional PT-symmetric system in which the two modes are localized in two physically separated resonators to form one-dimensional spatial potential symmetry as required by the simplest one-dimensional parity transformation. We show that PT-symmetry can be implemented between subspaces in non-spatial parameter spaces, in which the gain and loss modes can perfectly overlay spatially but are distinguishable in the designated parameter space. The resultant spatial singularity enables the possibility in implementing PT-symmetric systems with increased structural simplicity, integration density and long-term stability. To prove the concept, a PT-symmetric optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) in the optical wavelength space is implemented. The OEO has a single-loop architecture, with the gain and loss microwave modes carried by two optical wavelengths to form two mutually coupled wavelength-space resonators (WSRs). PT-symmetry is achieved by controlling the wavelength spacing and the power contrast. The operation of PT symmetry in the OEO is verified by the generation of a 10-GHz microwave signal with a low phase noise of 129.3 dBc/Hz at 10-kHz offset frequency and a high sidemode suppression ratio (SMSR) of 66.22 dB. Compared with a conventional spatial PT-symmetric system, one in the wavelength space features a much simpler configuration, better stability and greater resilience to environmental interferences., 27 pages, 9 figures. Reported in Piers in June, 2019 in Rome; CIOP in August, 2019, in Xi'an and in MWP in October, 2019, in Ottawa

Aim: Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of avian influenza A (H9N2) virus strain, which was isolated from a 2-year-old child presenting influenza-like symptoms. Methods: Viral genome was acquired by RT-PCR, and phylogenetic trees were constructed using the neighbor-joining method. Results: A/Hunan/44557/2015 sequence shared identity with the RSSRGLF motif – first reported in low-pathogenic avian influenza in birds. Polymerase L336M and hemagglutinin Q226L mutation was found in the strain. Two newly mutation sites, T197D and D483N in hemagglutinin gene, were found. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the eight gene segments of this virus contained three lineages. Conclusion: A/Hunan/44557/2015 may have acquired the ability to infect humans via genetic exchange with other H9N2 viruses, indicating that the H9N2 genome can generate pandemic isolates.

Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is widely applied to the car as the main drive motor and auxiliary motor. Usually these auxiliary motors have stable speed, small load changes, and there are space limit and large price ratio of position sensor and its supporting circuit in system. So it is essential and suitable to use sensor-less control in the full speed range. Start initial position angle range of If control is developed and is detected under stationary state, which can guarantee the stability and reliability of the motor starting process; And strategy of smooth switching from low speed to medium and high speed is designed by ensure that position angle and dq axis reference current are not mutated; and the algorithm of model reference adaptation control (MRAC) is designed.

Aiming at the problem of multi-target threat assessment on the ground battlefield, a threat assessment model combining combined weight and multi-criteria optimization compromise decision-making (VIKOR) method is proposed. The model considers the expert weight and position weight comprehensively, and uses the intuitionistic fuzzy set(IFS) theory to solve the subjective and objective weight respectively, and then, a combined weight model based on the least deviation is constructed. The VIKOR method is introduced to evaluate and rank multi-target in the context of a combat exercise situation, and a reasonable evaluation result is obtained. The comparative analysis and sensitivity analysis of the model further verify the rationality and effectiveness of the method.

In this work, we propose a novel two-stage framework, called FaceShifter, for high fidelity and occlusion aware face swapping. Unlike many existing face swapping works that leverage only limited information from the target image when synthesizing the swapped face, our framework, in its first stage, generates the swapped face in high-fidelity by exploiting and integrating the target attributes thoroughly and adaptively. We propose a novel attributes encoder for extracting multi-level target face attributes, and a new generator with carefully designed Adaptive Attentional Denormalization (AAD) layers to adaptively integrate the identity and the attributes for face synthesis. To address the challenging facial occlusions, we append a second stage consisting of a novel Heuristic Error Acknowledging Refinement Network (HEAR-Net). It is trained to recover anomaly regions in a self-supervised way without any manual annotations. Extensive experiments on wild faces demonstrate that our face swapping results are not only considerably more perceptually appealing, but also better identity preserving in comparison to other state-of-the-art methods., Comment: Accepted to CVPR 2020 (Oral), generated dataset and project webpage: lingzhili.com/FaceShifterPage/

This paper focuses on the direct impact of avian influenza outbreaks and the impact of the consequent non-tariff measures (NTMs) on the international poultry trade. Using monthly export data from China and its 122 poultry importing countries, a randomeffect gravity model has been adopted. Emphasising the agri-food trade in a global value chain context, the research analysis distinguishes between ‘agri-food goods’ (mostly uncooked poultry products) and ‘processed goods’ (mostly cooked poultry products). The results show that domestic avian influenza outbreaks have a significant negative impact on a country’s poultry imports compared with such outbreaks in exporting countries. Moreover, NTMs induced by avian influenza reduce the uncooked poultry trade but temporarily increase the cooked poultry trade. However, with a time-lag, the cooked poultry trade may soon face increasing NTMs. The results also imply that developing countries that attempt to export agri-food products to developed countries should increase and enhance processed food production.

Structurally new AIEgens with tunable emission based on tetraphenylpyrazine were rationally designed and readily prepared., Research on aggregation-induced emission (AIE) has been a hot topic. Due to enthusiastic efforts by many researchers, hundreds of AIE luminogens (AIEgens) have been generated which were mainly based on archetypal silole, tetraphenylethene, distyrylanthracene, triphenylethene, and tetraphenyl-1,4-butadiene, etc. To enlarge the family of AIEgens and to enrich their functions, new AIEgens are in high demand. In this work, we report a new kind of AIEgen based on tetraphenylpyrazine (TPP), which could be readily prepared under mild reaction conditions. Furthermore, we show that the TPP derivatives possess a good thermal stability and their emission could be fine-tuned by varying the substituents on their phenyl rings. It is anticipated that TPP derivatives could serve as a new type of widely utilized AIEgen, based on their facile preparation, good thermo-, photo- and chemostabilities, and efficient emission.

The vibration analysis method is widely used in transformer diagnosis. However, to our knowledge, the researches about the magnetic field for the vibration method are mainly based on numerical modelling rather than analytic calculation. But the analytic calculation is quite essential for the application of the vibration method. This paper calculates and simulates the magnetic flux density distribution of the winding and core in a single-phase two-limb transformer, respectively based on the Biot-Savart law and Maxwell's equations. The proposed results and simulations are consistent with the precedent researches. It is believed that this analytic calculation and analysis of the transformer magnetic field may help developing the transformer condition monitoring and fault diagnosis based on the vibration analysis method.

Seven cases of avian influenza A H7N9 virus infection were reported from February to April 2017 in Changsha City. Viral genome was acquired by RT-PCR, aligned with other H7N9 viruses using Clustal W, and phylogenetic trees were constructed using the neighbor-joining method. Our results showed the representativeness of H7N9 virus infections in Middle Yangtze River City. The hemagglutinin segment contained Thr160Ala, Gly186Val and Gln226Leu substitutions, which are associated with increased binding affinity in humans. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that H7N9 viruses had an avian origin, and belonged to the Yangtze River Delta lineage. The proportion of PB2 Ala588Val substitutions in viruses revealed a significantly increasing in recent years, from 0.8 % (1 of 128 cases) to 84.9 % (275 of 324 cases). The data indicate that H7N9 viruses may be more capable of infecting mammals, even though they are still considered low pathogenic avian influenza virus. Hence, the prevalence and genetic evolution of this virus should be closely monitored to prevent more severe human pandemics.

Hypobaric hypoxia can cause severe brain damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, and is involved in hypoxic brain injury. However, little is currently known about the mechanisms responsible for mitochondrial dysfunction in hypobaric hypoxic brain damage. In this study, a rat model of hypobaric hypoxic brain injury was established to investigate the molecular mechanisms associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. As revealed by two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis, 16, 21, and 36 differential protein spots in cerebral mitochondria were observed at 6, 12, and 24 hours post-hypobaric hypoxia, respectively. Furthermore, ten protein spots selected from each hypobaric hypoxia subgroup were similarly regulated and were identified by mass spectrometry. These detected proteins included dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 2, creatine kinase B-type, isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, elongation factor Ts, ATP synthase beta-subunit, 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase, electron transfer flavoprotein alpha-subunit, Chain A of 2-enoyl-CoA hydratase, NADH dehydrogenase iron-sulfur protein 8 and tropomyosin beta chain. These ten proteins are all involved in the electron transport chain and the function of ATP synthase. Our findings indicate that hypobaric hypoxia can induce the differential expression of several cerebral mitochondrial proteins, which are involved in the regulation of mitochondrial energy production.

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is a unique photo-physical phenomenon and has become an emerging and hot research area. With the enthusiastic efforts paid by researchers, hundreds of AIE-active luminogens (AIEgens) have been generated but heterocyclic AIEgens are rarely reported. Recently, we enriched the family of AIEgens and reported a pyrazine-based AIEgen of tetraphenylpyrazine(TPP), which could be facilely functionalized by a post-synthetic strategy. In this work, we further expanded the TPP-based AIE system by covalently attaching one, two or four electron-donating triphenylamine moieties to the TPP core via Suzuki coupling, and TPP–TPA, TPP–2TPA and TPP–4TPA were produced, respectively. Thanks to their donor-p-acceptor structures, these luminogens exhibit multifunctional properties, such as excellent thermal stability (up to 504 1C), large molar absorptivity, bright emission in the solid state (quantum yields up to 35.2%), solvatochromism, and high two-photon absorption cross-sections (up to 480 GM). Furthermore, using TPP–TPA as the emitting layer, a triplelayer device was fabricated and a turn-on voltage, maximum luminance, current efficiency, power efficiency, and external quantum efficiency of 3.7 V, 17 459 cd m-2, 5.49 cd A-1, 3.18 lm W-1 and 2.88% were realized, respectively. These results indicate a huge potential to develop high-tech applications based on these TPP-based AIEgens.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Chionodraco hamatus was obtained, which was 17 457 bp in length. This genome consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and a putative control region. Of the 37 genes, 28 were encoded by heavy strand, while 9 were encoded by light strand. Overall base composition of mitogenome is estimated to be 26.38% for A, 17.44% for G, 26.00% for T, 30.18% for C, respectively, with a slight A + T bias (52.38%). The phylogenetic analysis based on 13 concatenated protein-coding genes suggested that C. hamatus as a sister species to Chionodraco myersi was clustered in family Chionodraco. The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of C. hamatus could provide a basic data for the studies on evolution for low temperature adaptability, population structure, molecular systematic, stock evaluation and conservation genetics.

VANET is a hot spot of intelligent transportation researches. For vehicle users, the file sharing and content distribution through roadside access points (AP) as well as the vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET) have been an important complement to that cellular network. So the AP deployment is one of the key issues to improve the communication performance of VANET. In this paper, an access point optimization method is proposed based on particle swarm optimization algorithm. The transmission performances of the routing protocol with random linear network coding before and after the access point optimization are analyzed. The simulation results show the optimization model greatly affects the VANET transmission performances based on network coding, and it can enhance the delivery rate by 25% and 14% and reduce the average delay of transmission by 38% and 33%.

Ferrocene-based poly(aroxycarbonyltriazole)s with high molecular weights and regioregularities were prepared in high yields by the efficient metal-free click polymerization of dipropiolates and the ferrocene-containing diazide under mild reaction conditions. The resulting polytriazoles are redox active, and could be used as precursors to generate soft magnetic ceramics with high magnetizability and low coercivity when pyrolyzed at elevated temperatures.

Aim Pre-sensitization against a broad array of HLA is associated with prolonged waiting times and inferior kidney allograft survival. Although the use of solid phase assay (SPA) for the detection and characterization of anti-HLA antibodies provides greater sensitivity than complement-dependent lymphocytotoxicity (CDC) assay, it often detects donor specific antibodies (DSA) which turn out to be clinically irrelevant. In this study, our aim is to determine whether kidney deceased donor recipients with preformed DSA detectable in serum obtained prior to transplant are at an increased risk of graft failure. Methods We studied 640 patients who received a kidney transplant from a deceased donor between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2014 at Columbia University Medical Center. Sera collected from the recipients prior to transplantation were tested for DSA by CDC and SPA with single antigen coated beads. All patients were transplanted with negative CDC crossmatch. Results We analyzed the actuarial graft survival in patients with a primary allograft ( n = 525) and in patients with a secondary allograft ( n = 115). Kidney allograft survival was significantly higher in primary allograft recipients (85%) than in secondary allograft recipients (71%) at 6 years. ( P = 0.02) Forty-six out of 525 (8.7%) primary kidney allograft recipients and sixty-two out of 115 (53.9%) secondary kidney allograft recipients had SPA-detectable DSA in sera collected prior to transplantation. Six years following transplantation of primary kidney allografts the actuarial graft survival was 83% and 85%, respectively, regardless of whether DSA were detectable in recipients’ pre-transplantation sera. ( P = 0.39) In recipients of secondary kidney allografts with and without SPA-detectable DSA, the actuarial graft survival was 67% and 77% at 6 years, respectively. ( P = 0.12) Conclusions The presence of SPA-detectable DSA in recipients of kidney allografts from deceased donors is associated with lower long term (6 year) actuarial graft survival although the difference does not reach statistical significance.

There is considerable interest in high repetition- rate miniature transversely excited(TE) CO2 lasers for their increasing applications in laser radar, ranging, remote-sensing and other industrial fields. Many of these applications require that the lasers work in a high-repetition-rate state reliably and efficiently, and have long sealed-off lifetime. In the past two decades, intensive efforts were made to improve performances of TEA CO2 lasers.[1]-[3] Here we report the design and performance of two kinds of TE CO2 lasers, one of which was bare spark preionized (BSP) and another surface corona preionized (SCP). It is found that the intrinsic efficiency of the later is four times higher than that of the former under the same condition, and the lifetime of the SCP laser is also longer because some dissociation processes of gas involved in the spark preionization were avoided. A BN ceramic structure was employed as the assembly of resonators to improve the stability, which is similiar to that used in the waveguide CO2 lasers suggested by some of the authors of this paper.[4]