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ObjectiveAnti-leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1(LGI1) encephalitis is one rare autoimmune encephalitis which is accompanied by inflammatory responses. (Anti-leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 (anti-LGI1) encephalitis is an autoimmune disease mediated by inflammatory responses.)This study aimed to investigate the Chitinase 3-like 1(CHI3L1) in anti-LGI1encephalitis patients and evaluate its association with modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score in anti-LGI1 encephalitis at admission and 6 months follow-up.(This study looked into the relationship between Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) and the modified Ranking Scale (mRS) score in anti-LGI1 encephalitis patients at admission and 6 months later.)MethodsThirty-five patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis and 22 patients with non-inflammatory neurological disease were enrolled in this study. (We enrolled 35 patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis and 22 patients with non-inflammatory neurological disease.)Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum levels of CHI3L1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (We quantified CHI3L1 in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by performing an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.)Patients were evaluated for mRS score at admission and at 6 months follow-up.(We recorded the mRS score of the patients at admission and 6 months later.)ResultsCHI3L1 levels in CSF and serum were highly elevated in patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis at admission compared those with the controls.(At admission, patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis had elevated CHI3L1 levels in the CSF and serum.) Additionally, patients presenting with cognitive impairment had significantly higher CSF CHI3L1 levels and mRS scores than those without cognitive impairment symptoms. Patients presenting with only faciobrachial dystonic seizures at admission had lower CSF CHI3L1 levels than those with other symptoms. Finally, CSF CHI3L1 levels were positively correlated with CSF lactate levels.ConclusionCHI3L1 level in CSF is correlated with the severity and prognosis of anti-LGI1 encephalitis. (CSF CHI3L1 levels are correlated with the severity and prognosis of anti-LGI1 encephalitis.)

As the power efficiency is affected by every aspect of a wind tur-bine and its blades, a 2D-computational investigation of several keyparameters is proposed after which actual experiments are performed.Six parameters are examined in the computational investigation: instal-lation angle; blade airfoil; chord length; number of blades; radius ofan impellor; and wind speed. To find out the optimum performance ofa Vertical Axis Wind Turbine or VAWT, one appropriate parameter isselected at each section of the simulation progression. Afterwards, anexperimental prototype of wind turbine is fabricated and put into an air-dynamic test to ascertain the validity of the previous CFD simulation.

This paper presents a method examining static forces and moment of airfoil in steady solver. Aerodynamic stability is one subject that many scholars have begun to realize very crucial for design and daily operation. Fundamentals of aerodynamics were firstly scrutinized concerned about lift, drag and moment. Then steady simulation solver is set up instead of transient solver because we would like to examine airfoil without the effect of vortex motion, temporarily focus on static forces on airfoil. Dependent variable include cl, cd and cm of three airfoils, FLAT PLATE, NACA0012 and NACA23012 at TSR = 0, 2, 5 and 7. Stability is characterized by deviation and fluctuation at 360 degrees of azimuth position. We found that FLAT PLATE showed most deviation and fluctuation as an example of airfoil for VAWT. NACA0012 representing symmetric airfoil has more stable cm at whole time and cd just at TSR of 2 and 5. NACA23012 representing cambered airfoil has more stable cl all phases of running.

Objective: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common rapid cardiac arrhythmia associated with high morbidity and mortality. Stimulation of the sympathetic nerve is involved in AF occurrence. The gap junction protein connexin 43 (Cx43) plays a key role in electrical conduction velocity in cardiac tissues, and under expression of Cx43 was linked with AF. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Cx43 was involved in sympathetic AF. Methods: Fifteen dogs were randomly divided into 3 groups (5 in each group). Sympathetic AF was induced in dogs and isolated canine atrial myocytes by isoproterenol (ISO) perfusion and rapid atrium pacing (RAP). The expression levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the atrial tissues were detected using immunohistochemical staining. The transcription and protein expression of Cx43 in the AF cell model was measured. Subsequently, Cx43 was blocked by short interfering (si) RNA in atrial myocytes and the gap junctional inter-cellular communication was detected using the scrape-loading and dye transfer assay. Results: Sympathetic AF was successfully induced by a combination of ISO perfusion and RAP. The expression levels of NGF and TH were increased in the RAP group, and further increased in the RAP + ISO group. Tissue samples from the AF dogs had a lower Cx43 level than those of the control group (p

The method of acoustic emission signal denoising is researched in this paper according to the characteristic of burst acoustic emission signals. Using the high-performance TMS320C5402 DSP, the wavelet denoising algorithm is implanted in the DSP. The experimental study of acoustic emission testing of metallic materials is carried out in this paper, and the experimental results show that the interference of noise in the original acoustic emission signal can be quickly and effectively eliminated in the DSP system, and the original waveform of acoustic emission signal could be extracted. A fast processing system can be provided for the noise reduction processing of acoustic emission signals through this research.

New blade was designed by combining the advantage of sweepback and characteristic of flight trajectory. Mass and rotational inertia of turbine were calculated before using UDF and SDOF to build up the condition of fluid-driven simulation and observing the behavior of VAWT with airfoil NACA0012-800, LJY-800 and NACA23012-800. Results showed the potential of new designed airfoil and blade with better aerodynamic stability. Fluid-driven simulation gave out further suggestion that VAWT with high lift-drag ratio coefficient and power coefficient should be validated for its feasibility by fluid-driven simulation.

Multistage deformation events have occurred in the northeastern Jiangshao Fault (Suture) Belt. The earliest two are ductile deformation events. The first is the ca. 820 Ma top-to-the-northwest ductile thrusting, which directly resulted from the collision between the Cathaysia Old Land and the Chencai Arc (?) during the Late Neoproterozoic, and the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt that formed as the ocean closed between the Yangtze Plate and the jointed Cathaysia Old Land and the Chencai Arc due to continuous compression. The second is the ductile left-lateral strike-slipping that occurred in the latest Early Paleozoic. Since the Jinning period, all deformation events represent the reactivation or inversion of intraplate structures due to the collisions between the North China and Yangtze plates during the Triassic and between the Philippine Sea and Eurasian plates during the Cenozoic. In the Triassic, brittle right-lateral strike-slipping and subsequent top-to-the south thrusting occurred along the whole northeastern Jiangshao Fault Zone because of the collision between the North China and Yangtze plates. In the Late Mesozoic, regional extension took place across southeastern China. In the Cenozoic, the collision between the Philippine Sea and Eurasian plates resulted in brittle thrusts along the whole Jiangnan Old land in the Miocene. The Jiangshao Fault Belt is a weak zone in the crust with long history, and its reactivation is one of important characteristics of the deformation in South China; however, late-stage deformation events did not occur beyond the Jiangnan Old Land and most of them are parallel to the strike of the Old Land, which is similar to the Cenozoic deformation in Central Asia. In addition, the Jiangnan old Land is not a collisional boundary between the Yangtze Plate and Cathaysia Old Land in the Triassic.

The southwestern Ordos Margin is located between the Alax massif to the northwest, the North China Craton (NCC) to the east, and the North Qilian Orogenic Belt (NQOB, part of the Chinese Central Orogenic belt) to the southeast. Controversy surrounds the tectonic setting of the Western Ordos Margin in the Early Paleozoic; key questions are whether the Alax massif connected to the NCC in the Early Paleozoic, when exactly this event did happen, where the Lower Paleozoic sedimentary rocks along the southwestern Ordos had their provenances, and whether the so-called Helan aulacogen formed in the Ordovician. Laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy U–Pb dating of detrital zircons in four samples from Middle Ordovician sandstones in the Xiaoluo Shan and Niushou Shan located in the Western Ordos yield a majority of 206Pb/238U ages between 800 and 1000 Ma, a smaller group yields 206Pb/238U ages between 500 and 600 Ma; there are a few zircons with other ages, including some older than 2400 Ma. The youngest 206Pb/238U ages of the four samples are similar and range from 533 ± 3 Ma to 556 ± 4 Ma. These zircon U–Pb ages combined with several lines of sedimentary evidence imply that the so-called Helan aulacogen did not exist in the Ordovician; a peripheral foreland basin related to the NQOB developed instead. The detritals mainly came from the Alax massif, the North Qilian Arc, and the Dunhuang massif; and the NCC can be excluded as an important provenance. This study also suggested that the Alax massif did not connect with the NCC before the Middle Ordovician, and that the Alax is similar to the Yangtze Craton or the Tarim Craton with a majority of intrusions in the range of 800–1000 Ma and containing Precambrian tillites, which are characteristics that differ from the NCC.

The Central Tianshan belt in northwestern China is a small Precambrian block located in the southern part of the Central Asia Orogenic Belt (CAOB), which is considered as “the most voluminous block of young continental crust in the world” that comprises numerous small continental blocks separated by Paleozoic magmatic arcs. The Precambrian basement of the central Tianshan Mountains is composed of volcanic rocks and associated volcano-sedimentary rocks that were intruded by granitic plutons. Geochemical analyses demonstrate that the granitic plutons and volcanic rocks were generated in the Andean-type active continental arc environment like today's Chile, and the zircon U-Pb SHRIMP dating indicates that they were developed at about 956 Ma, possibly corresponding to the subduction of the inferred Mozambique Ocean under the Baltic-African super-continent.

Recent investigations reveal that the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic (UHPM) rocks in the Donghai region of East China underwent ductile and transitional ductile-brittle structural events during their exhumation. The earlier ductile deformation took place under the condition of amphibolite facies and the later transitional ductile-brittle deformation under the condition of greenschist facies. The hanging walls moved southeastward during both of these two events. The 40Ar/39Ar dating of muscovites from muscovite-plagioclase schists in the Haizhou phosphorous mine, which are structurally overlain by UHPM rocks, yields a plateau age of 218.0±2.9 Ma and isochron age of 219. 8Ma, indicating that the earlier event of the ampibolite-facies deformation probably took place about 220 Ma ago. The 40Ar/39Ar dating of oriented amphiboles parallel to the movement direction of the hanging wall on a decollement plane yields a plateau age of 213.1 ±0.3 Ma and isochron age of 213.4±4.1 Ma, probably representing the age of the later event. The dating of pegmatitic biotites and K-feldspars near the decollement plane from the eastern Fangshan area yield plateau ages of 203.4±0.3 Ma, 203.6±0.4 Ma and 204.8±2.2 Ma, and isochron ages of 204.0±2.0 Ma, 200. 6±3.1 Ma and 204.0±5.0 Ma, respectively, implying that the rocks in the studied area had not been cooled down to closing temperature of the dated biotites and K-feldspars until the beginning of the Jurassic (about 204 Ma). The integration of these data with previous chronological ages on the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism lead to a new inference on the exhumation of the UHPM rocks. The UHPM rocks in the area were exhumed at the rate of 3~4 km/Ma from the mantle (about 80~100 km below the earth's surface at about 240 Ma) to the lower crust (at the depth of about 20~30km at 220 Ma), and at the rate of 1~2 km/Ma to the middle crust (at the depth of about 15 km at 213 Ma), and then at the rate of less than 1 km/Ma to the upper crust about 10 km deep at about 204 Ma.

Pain and anxiety engender major psychic problems during all phases of treatment for burn patients. Analgesic alone does not allay these problems satisfactorily in these patients. Music therapy, as an important complementary and alternative therapy, has been widely used in multiple medical fields. However, its positive effect on alleviation of pain and anxiety in burn patients is undefined. The objective of this review is to summarize the feasibility, application fields, methods, and the effectiveness of music therapy in allaying pain and anxiety of burn patients during the whole course of treatment.

Silurian, Devonian and Carboniferous geological bodies in the Mianxian-Lueyang (Mian-Lue) collisional belt (MLB) and its neighbouring areas, southern Qinling Mountains, China, show similar characteristics of having undergone deformation of two stages. The earlier one, which is inferred to be related to collisional orogeny between the Yangtze and Sino-Korean palaeocontinents based on previous geological data, is responsible for large-scale, north-verging recumbent folds and overthrusts, and associated with low greenschist facies metamorphism. 40Ar/39Ar dating of three muscovite samples taken from different localities yields plateau ages of 226.9±0.9 and 219.5±1.4 Ma and an apparent age of 194.5±3.0 Ma. Thus, the late Triassic collision between the Yangtze and Sino-Korean palaeocontinents has been constrained.

International audience; The Chinese Tianshan Belt is one of the key regions for the understanding of tectonics of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). An international field excursion and workshop were organized to conduct a common observation and discussion on the tectonic evolution of the Chinese Tianshan. This report summarizes the main achievements, including acknowledged geological features, controversial and remaining scientific problems, and discussion of a tentative geodynamic model. Thus, it is helpful to clarify what has been done in the past, what should be improved and what needs to be done in the future and therefore to better understand the tectonics of the Chinese Tianshan Belt and the CAOB as well.