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Yoonha Hwang,1 Hwa Reung Lee,2 Hyunjin Jo,3,4 Dongyeop Kim,3,4 Eun Yeon Joo,3,4 Dae-Won Seo,3,4 Seung Bong Hong,3,4 Young-Min Shon3– 5 1Department of Neurology, The Catholic University of Korea Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 4Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 5Department of Medical Device Management and Research, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAHIST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, KoreaCorrespondence: Young-Min ShonDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan, University School of Medicine, 81 Irwonro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of KoreaTel +82-2-3410-2701Fax +82-2-3410-0052Email sonogung@gmail.comBackground and Objective: Subtraction of ictal SPECT coregistered to MRI (SISCOM) provides complementary information for detecting the ictal onset zone, especially in patients with MRI-negative focal epilepsy, and provides additional useful information for predicting long-term postresection outcomes. This study sought to investigate the relationship between surgical failure and increased cerebral blood flow (CBF) pattern using SPECT in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with unilateral hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS).Methods: Among 42 subjects who underwent anterior temporal lobectomy with amygdalohippocampectomy (ATL-AH) for MTLE-HS, 29 (69.0%) were seizure-free (SF group). Hyperperfusion was compared in 14 ipsilateral and contralateral brain regions in SISCOM images between the two groups.Results: The pattern of ictal hyperperfusion in temporal regions did not vary significantly between the SF and non-seizure-free (NSF) groups. However, CBF increases in the contralateral occipital area was more frequent in the NSF group than in the SF group. Furthermore, ictal hyperperfusion of the ipsilateral occipital and contralateral parietal areas tended to be more frequent in the NSF group.Conclusion: The results indicate that poor ATL-AH surgical outcome is associated with a tendency of ictal hyperperfusion of the contralateral occipital cortex based on SISCOM analysis. The pattern of early ictal CBF changes implicating the propagation from temporal to occipital cortices can be considered a marker of poor surgical outcomes of ATL-AH in MTLE-HS patients.Keywords: temporal lobe epilepsy, ictal hyperperfusion, SISCOM, contralateral occipital

Hierarchical nanoporous carbons combining pore sizes of different length scales are highly important for separation processes. However, critical questions remain regarding the hierarchical structure regulation and the molecular mechanisms of gaseous adsorbate uptake and interactions within the hierarchical nanoporous carbons. These materials present characterization challenges in that there are no experimental techniques that can elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the organic compounds and CO2 within the materials. We deployed multidimensional solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to generate maps of guest-framework interactions as a function of adsorbate concentrations and adsorption times. The NMR spectra provide insight toward the design of effective hierarchical pore structures. Our materials show a high volatile organic compounds/CO2 physisorption capacity, which reveals promising application to carbon-capture strategies to mitigate global warming.

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Tannerella forsythia and its major surface virulence factor, BspA, on the progression of atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice and the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes. Methods PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells were treated with BspA to detect foam cell formation. The proximal aortas of ApoE−/− mice injected with T. forsythia or BspA were stained with oil red O to examine lipid deposition. The serum levels of CRP, HDL, and LDL were detected by ELISA. The liver tissue of T. forsythia- or BspA-injected ApoE−/− mice was examined for mRNA expression of lipid metabolism-related genes, such as liver X receptors (LXRα and LXRβ) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1). Results Tannerella forsythia and BspA induced foam cell formation in THP-1 cells and accelerated the progression of atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE−/− mice. Mouse serum levels of CRP and LDL were increased, and HDL was decreased by T. forsythia and BspA. The expression levels of LXRα and LXRβ, and ABCA1 in liver tissue were decreased by T. forsythia and BspA. Conclusions Tannerella forsythia and BspA augmented atherosclerotic lesion progression in ApoE−/− mice. This process may be associated with downregulation of lipid metabolism-related gene expression.