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2. Radiologically isolated syndrome in children

Author

Makhani, Naila, Carra Dallière, Clarisse, Seze, Jérôme, Durand Dubief, Françoise, Rojas, Juan Ignacio, Shapiro, Eugene D., Stone, Robert T., Tintoré, Mar, Okuda, Darin T., Lebrun, Christine, Siva, Aksel, Brassat, David, Dallière, Clarisse, de Sèze, Jerome, Du, Wei, Dubief, Françoise, Kantarci, Orhun, Langille, Megan, Narula, Sona, Pelletier, Jean, Rojas, Juan, Shapiro, Eugene, Stone, Robert, Uygunoglu, Ugur, Vermersch, Patrick, Wassmer, Evangeline, Okuda, Darin, Pelletier, Daniel, Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), CHU Strasbourg, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Yale School of Public Health (YSPH), University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (CemCat), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center [Dallas], Service de Neurologie [CHU Nice], Hôpital Pasteur [Nice] (CHU)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Neurologie vasculaire, pathologie neuro-dégénérative et explorations fonctionnelles du système nerveux [Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), CIC Strasbourg (Centre d’Investigation Clinique Plurithématique (CIC - P) ), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Nouvel Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Software and Cognitive radio for telecommunications (SOCRATE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CITI Centre of Innovation in Telecommunications and Integration of services (CITI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Mayo Clinic [Rochester], Children’s Hospital Los Angeles [Los Angeles], Keck School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of Southern California (USC), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP ), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de neurologie et de neuropsychologie, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Laboratoire d'Immunologie (EA 2686), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, CTSA Grant Number UL1 TR000142 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS) at the National Institutes of Health and NIH roadmap for Medical Research, Yale University School of Medicine, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg]-Nouvel Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, CITI Centre of Innovation in Telecommunications and Integration of services (CITI), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Demyelinating disease, CNS demyelination, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Article, Multiple sclerosis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neuroimaging, Interquartile range, Natural history studies, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Pediatric, Clinical events, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Spinal cord, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Objective:To describe clinical and radiologic outcomes of children with incidental findings on neuroimaging suggestive of CNS demyelination (termed “radiologically isolated syndrome” or RIS).Methods:Clinical and radiologic data were obtained from a historical cohort of children with no symptoms of demyelinating disease who had MRI scans that met the 2010 MRI criteria for dissemination in space for MS.Results:We identified 38 children (27 girls and 11 boys) with RIS now being prospectively followed at 16 sites in 6 countries. The mean follow-up time was 4.8 ± 5.3 years. The most common reason for initial neuroimaging was headache (20/38, 53%). A first clinical event consistent with CNS demyelination occurred in 16/38 children (42%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 27%–60%) in a median of 2.0 years (interquartile range [IQR] 1.0–4.3 years). Radiologic evolution developed in 23/38 children (61%; 95% CI: 44%–76%) in a median of 1.1 years (IQR 0.5–1.9 years). The presence of ≥2 unique oligoclonal bands in CSF (hazard ratio [HR] 10.9, 95% CI: 1.4–86.2, p = 0.02) and spinal cord lesions on MRI (HR 7.8, 95% CI: 1.4–43.6, p = 0.02) were associated with an increased risk of a first clinical event after adjustment for age and sex.Conclusions:We describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of children with incidental MRI findings highly suggestive of CNS demyelination. Children with RIS had a substantial risk of subsequent clinical symptoms and/or radiologic evolution. The presence of oligoclonal bands in CSF and spinal cord lesions on MRI were associated with an increased risk of a first clinical event.

Published
2017

3. Radiologically isolated syndrome in children: Clinical and radiologic outcomes

Author

Makhani, Naila, Carra Dallière, Clarisse, Seze, Jérôme, Durand Dubief, Françoise, Rojas, Juan Ignacio, Shapiro, Eugene D., Stone, Robert T., Tintoré, Mar, Okuda, Darin T., Lebrun, Christine, Siva, Aksel, Brassat, David, Dallière, Clarisse, de Sèze, Jerome, Du, Wei, Dubief, Françoise, Kantarci, Orhun, Langille, Megan, Narula, Sona, Pelletier, Jean, Rojas, Juan, Shapiro, Eugene, Stone, Robert, Uygunoglu, Ugur, Vermersch, Patrick, Wassmer, Evangeline, Okuda, Darin, Pelletier, Daniel, Yale University School of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), CHU Strasbourg, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Yale School of Public Health (YSPH), University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (CemCat), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center [Dallas], Service de Neurologie [CHU Nice], Hôpital Pasteur [Nice] (CHU)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Neurologie vasculaire, pathologie neuro-dégénérative et explorations fonctionnelles du système nerveux [Toulouse], Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], CIC Strasbourg (Centre d’Investigation Clinique Plurithématique (CIC - P) ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg]-Nouvel Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Software and Cognitive radio for telecommunications (SOCRATE), CITI Centre of Innovation in Telecommunications and Integration of services (CITI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Mayo Clinic [Rochester], Children’s Hospital Los Angeles [Los Angeles], Keck School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of Southern California (USC), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP ), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de neurologie et de neuropsychologie, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Laboratoire d'Immunologie (EA 2686), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, CTSA Grant Number UL1 TR000142 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS) at the National Institutes of Health and NIH roadmap for Medical Research, Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Nouvel Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CITI Centre of Innovation in Telecommunications and Integration of services (CITI), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)

Subjects
Multiple sclerosis, Pediatric, Demyelinating disease, Natural history studies, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

International audience; OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical and radiologic outcomes of children with incidental findings on neuroimaging suggestive of CNS demyelination (termed "radiologically isolated syndrome" or RIS). METHODS: Clinical and radiologic data were obtained from a historical cohort of children with no symptoms of demyelinating disease who had MRI scans that met the 2010 MRI criteria for dissemination in space for MS. RESULTS: We identified 38 children (27 girls and 11 boys) with RIS now being prospectively followed at 16 sites in 6 countries. The mean follow-up time was 4.8 \textpm 5.3 years. The most common reason for initial neuroimaging was headache (20/38, 53%). A first clinical event consistent with CNS demyelination occurred in 16/38 children (42%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 27%-60%) in a median of 2.0 years (interquartile range [IQR] 1.0-4.3 years). Radiologic evolution developed in 23/38 children (61%; 95% CI: 44%-76%) in a median of 1.1 years (IQR 0.5-1.9 years). The presence of >=2 unique oligoclonal bands in CSF (hazard ratio [HR] 10.9, 95% CI: 1.4-86.2,p= 0.02) and spinal cord lesions on MRI (HR 7.8, 95% CI: 1.4-43.6,p= 0.02) were associated with an increased risk of a first clinical event after adjustment for age and sex. CONCLUSIONS: We describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of children with incidental MRI findings highly suggestive of CNS demyelination. Children with RIS had a substantial risk of subsequent clinical symptoms and/or radiologic evolution. The presence of oligoclonal bands in CSF and spinal cord lesions on MRI were associated with an increased risk of a first clinical event.

Published
2017

4. Natalizumab-PML survivors with subsequent MS treatment

Author

Maillart, Elisabeth, Vidal, Jean-Sebastien, Brassat, David, Stankoff, Bruno, Fromont, Agnès, de Sèze, Jérôme, Taithe, Frédéric, Clavelou, Pierre, Bourre, Bertrand, Delvaux, Valérie, Rico, Audrey, Labauge, Pierre, Tourbah, Ayman, Lebrun, Christine, Pelletier, Jean, Moreau, Thibault, Louapre, Céline, Lubetzki, Catherine, Papeix, Caroline, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Department of Gerontology, Broca Hospital, APHP, Paris, Département Neurologie [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Neurosciences [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Service de Neurologie générale, vasculaire et dégénérative (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Department of neurology, university hospital of Rouen, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Liège, Belgium, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Montpellier, Department of Neurology (A.T.), University Hospital of Reims, and Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Nice

Subjects
viruses, virus diseases, [SDV.IMM.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Immunotherapy
Abstract

International audience; Objective: To describe the clinico-radiologic outcome of MS patients with natalizumab-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (Nz-PML) surviving and receiving disease-modifying therapy (DMT). Methods: We describe clinical and radiologic evolution of Nz-PML survivors in an observational retrospective multicenter cohort to clarify the effect of different subsequent MS DMT strategies. Twenty-three patients from 11 centers were analyzed. Outcomes were (1) clinical efficacy of post-PML MS DMT, (2) radiologic efficacy of post-PML MS DMT, (3) radiologic evolution of PML lesion, and (4) disability progression. Results: There was no clinical worsening of PML symptoms with a stability of Expanded Disability Status Scale at the last follow-up. No relapse was reported with fingolimod and dimethyl fumarate. No radiologic worsening of Nz-PML lesion was observed at the end of the follow-up. Conclusion: In this large cohort of patients with Nz-PML, MS therapies given after Nz discontinuation were not associated with PML worsening. A larger cohort with longer follow-up will be necessary to confirm this therapeutic strategy.

Published
2017

5. Oral versus intravenous high-dose methylprednisolone for treatment of relapses in patients with multiple sclerosis (COPOUSEP)

Author

Le Page, Emmanuelle, Veillard, David, Laplaud, David A, Hamonic, Stéphanie, Wardi, Rasha, Lebrun, Christine, Zagnoli, Fabien, Wiertlewski, Sandrine, Deburghgraeve, Véronique, Coustans, Marc, Edan, Gilles, Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de santé publique et d'épidémiologie, Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires [Rennes] = Cardiac, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (U1064 Inserm - CRTI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre hospitalier Saint-Brieuc, Hôpital Pasteur [Nice] (CHU), Service de Neurologie [Brest], Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées 'Clermont-Tonnerre' (HIA), Service de Neurologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Hôpital Guillaume-et-René-Laennec [Saint-Herblain], Hôpital Laennec, Vision, Action et Gestion d'informations en Santé (VisAGeS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Neurologie [Rennes] = Neurology [Rennes], We thank E Leray (EHESP, Rennes, France), M Madigand (General Hospital, St Brieuc, France), and K Coat (Unversity Hospital Rennes, France) for advice and monitoring, F Lublin and R Gross (Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA) for advice in manuscript editing, and S Calmanti (University Hospital Rennes) for assisting the manuscript editing and submission., Jonchère, Laurent, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

International audience; SummaryBackground High doses of intravenous methylprednisolone are recommended to treat relapses in patients with multiple sclerosis, but can be inconvenient and expensive. We aimed to assess whether oral administration of high-dose methylprednisolone was non-inferior to intravenous administration. Methods We did this multicentre, double-blind, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial at 13 centres for multiple sclerosis in France. We enrolled patients aged 18–55 years with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis who reported a relapse within the previous 15 days that caused an increase of at least one point in one or more scores on the Kurtzke Functional System Scale. With use of a computer-generated randomisation list and in blocks of four, we randomly assigned (1:1) patients to either oral or intravenous methylprednisolone, 1000 mg, once a day for 3 days. Patients, treating physicians and nurses, and data and outcome assessors were all masked to treatment allocation, which was achieved with the use of saline solution and placebo capsules. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients who had improved by day 28 (decrease of at least one point in most affected score on Kurtzke Functional System Scale), without need for retreatment with corticosteroids, in the per-protocol population. The trial was powered to assess non-inferiority of oral compared with intravenous methylprednisolone with a predetermined non-inferiority margin of 15%. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00984984. Findings Between Jan 29, 2008, and June 14, 2013, we screened 200 patients and enrolled 199. We randomly assigned 100 patients to oral methylprednisolone and 99 patients to intravenous methylprednisolone with a mean time from relapse onset to treatment of 7·0 days (SD 3·6) and 7·4 days (3·9), respectively. In the per-protocol population, 66 (81%) of 82 patients in the oral group and 72 (80%) of 90 patients in the intravenous group achieved the primary endpoint (absolute treatment difference 0·5%, 90% CI −9·5 to 10·4). Rates of adverse events were similar, but insomnia was more frequently reported in the oral group (77 [77%]) than in the intravenous group (63 [64%]). Interpretation Oral administration of high-dose methylprednisolone for 3 days was not inferior to intravenous administration for improvement of disability scores 1 month after treatment and had a similar safety profile. This finding could have implications for access to treatment, patient comfort, and cost, but indication should always be properly considered by clinicians. Funding French Health Ministry, Ligue Française contre la SEP, Teva

Published
2015

6. Le devoir de coopération durant l'exécution du contrat

Author

LeBrun, Christine and Moore, Benoît

Subjects
Contractual solidarism, Assistance à la reconversion, Devoir de coopération, Transactional contract, Imprévision, Performance of the contract, Obligation de moyens, Devoir de renégocier, Contrat relationnel, Contrat transactionnel, Bonne foi, Contractual party, Duty to cooperate, Good faith, Québec civil law, Obligation of means, Exécution du contrat, Relational contract, Solidarisme contractuel, Duty to renegotiate
Abstract

Sous le régime du Code civil du Bas-Canada, le devoir d’exécuter le contrat de bonne foi était une condition implicite de tout contrat suivant l’article 1024 C.c.B.C. Le 1er janvier 1994, ce devoir a toutefois été codifié à l’article 1375 du Code civil du Québec. Parallèlement à ce changement, le contrat a subi plusieurs remises en question, principalement en raison des critiques émises contre la théorie de l’autonomie de la volonté. En réponse à ces critiques, la doctrine a proposé deux théories qui supposent une importante coopération entre les contractants durant l’exécution du contrat, à savoir le solidarisme contractuel et le contrat relationnel. La notion de bonne foi a aussi évolué récemment, passant d’une obligation de loyauté, consistant généralement en une abstention ou en un devoir de ne pas nuire à autrui, à une obligation plus active d’agir ou de faciliter l’exécution du contrat, appelée devoir de coopération. Ce devoir a donné lieu à plusieurs applications, dont celles de renseignement et de conseil. Ce mémoire étudie la portée et les limites du devoir de coopération. Il en ressort que le contenu et l’intensité de ce devoir varient en fonction de critères tenant aux parties et au contrat. Une étude plus particulière des contrats de vente, d’entreprise et de franchise ainsi que des contrats conclus dans le domaine informatique indique que le devoir de coopération est plus exigeant lorsque le contrat s’apparente au contrat de type relationnel plutôt qu’au contrat transactionnel. Le créancier peut, entre autres choses, être obligé d’« aider » son débiteur défaillant et même de renégocier le contrat devenu déséquilibré en cours d’exécution, bien que cette dernière question demeure controversée. Le devoir de coopération n’est cependant pas illimité parce qu’il s’agit d’une obligation de moyens et non de résultat. Il est également limité, voire inexistant, lorsque le débiteur de cette obligation est tenu à d’autres obligations comme un devoir de réserve ou de non-ingérence, lorsque le cocontractant est de mauvaise foi ou qu’une partie résilie unilatéralement le contrat ou décide de ne pas le renouveler., The duty of good faith in the performance of the contract was an implied condition of any contract under article 1024 of the Civil Code of Lower Canada. On January 1st 1994, however, this duty was codified at article 1375 of the Civil Code of Québec. In parallel to this change, the traditional understanding of “contract” based on the doctrine of the autonomy of the parties has come to be challenged. In response to this critique, two theories emphasizing the importance of collaboration between contractual parties during the performance of a contract have been suggested, namely, “contractual solidarism” and “relational contract” have been suggested. The notion of “good faith” has also recently evolved. It was originally limited to a duty of loyalty, consisting mainly in an abstention or in the duty not to harm anyone. Today, good faith also refers to a more active obligation which may require a party to act or to facilitate the performance of the contract. This general “duty to cooperate”, as it is called, has given rise to many applications, including the duty to inform or to advise. This paper examines the extent and limits of the duty of the contracting parties to cooperate during the performance of the contract. The content and intensity of this duty are influenced by factors pertaining to the characteristics of the contract or the contracting parties. Our study of the Québec jurisprudence focused on contracts of sale, contracts of enterprise, franchise agreements and contracts in the field of computers. It suggests that the duty of the parties to cooperate is greater in relational contracts than in transactional ones. For example, the creditor may, inter alia, be bound to “help” its defaulting debtor or to renegotiate the agreement when an unforeseen event has changed the initial contractual equilibrium. However, this last issue is still highly controversial. This duty to cooperate is not itself without limits. Firstly, it is an obligation of means, not one of result. It is also limited, even inexistent, when the debtor is bound by other duties such as a duty of “reserve” or of non-interference, when the other party is acting in bad faith or when a party unilaterally terminates a contract or does not renew it.

Published
2012

7. Longitudinal MRI assessment of quality of life and disability in early treated relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis

Author

Cohen, Mikael, Lebrun, Christine, Aufauvre, Dominique, Chanalet, Stéphane, Filleau, Christelle, Camu, William, Thomas, Pierre, Malandain, Grégoire, Clavelou, Pierre, and Asclepios, Project-Team

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], [INFO.INFO-TI] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, [INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

no abstract

Published
2010

9. An Automatic Segmentation of T2-FLAIR Multiple Sclerosis Lesions

Author

Souplet, Jean-Christophe, Lebrun, Christine, Ayache, Nicholas, Gregoire Malandain, Analysis and Simulation of Biomedical Images (ASCLEPIOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Hôpital Pasteur [Nice] (CHU), and Asclepios, Project-Team

Subjects
[SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, [INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

International audience; Multiple sclerosis diagnosis and patient follow-up can be helped by an evaluation of the lesion load inMRI sequences. A lot of automatic methods to segment these lesions are available in the literature.The MICCAI workshop Multiple Sclerosis (MS) lesion segmentation Challenge 08 allows to test andcompare these algorithms. This paper presents a method designed to detect hyperintense signal area onT2-FLAIR sequence and its results on the Challenge test data. The proposed algorithm uses only threeconventional MRI sequences: T1, T2 and T2-FLAIR. First, images are cropped, spatially unbiased andskull-stripped. A segmentation of the brain into its different compartments is performed on the T1 andthe T2 sequences. From these segmentations, a threshold for the T2-FLAIR sequence is automaticallycomputed. Then postprocessing operations select the most plausible lesions in the obtained hyperintensesignals. Average global result on the test data (80/100) is close to the inter-expert variability (90/100).

Published
2008

10. La creación de espacios seguros: lecciones de Sudáfrica y Burundi

Author

Lebrun, Christine and Derderian, Katharine

Subjects
Sudáfrica, Burundi, Médicos Sin Fronteras, Violencia sexual, Violencia de género
Abstract

Médicos Sin Fronteras (MSF) Bélgica trata en la actualidad la violencia sexual y por motivos de género en muchos de sus proyectos en todo el mundo, entre los que se encuentran los de Sudáfrica, Burundi, Liberia, Sierra Leona, Costa de Marfil, Sudán, Chad, Ruanda y Colombia. Dos de nuestras intervenciones con más éxito tienen lugar en Sudáfrica y Burundi.

Published
2007

11. Modèles Biomathématiques de Croissance Des Gliomes : Recherche en Informatique et Perspectives en Neuro-oncologie

Author

Clatz, Olivier, Mandonnet, Emmanuel, Chanalet, Stéphane, Lebrun, Christine, Konukoglu, Ender, Delingette, Hervé, Ayache, Nicholas, Bondiau, Pierre-Yves, Analysis and Simulation of Biomedical Images (ASCLEPIOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Lhomond)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Neurochirurgie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle (LIF), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IFR14-IFR49-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Antoine Lacassagne [Nice] (UNICANCER/CAL), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-UNICANCER, Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), UNICANCER-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and Asclepios, Project-Team

Subjects
[SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, [INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

no abstract

Published
2006

12. Early detection of cognitive impairment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: functional-anatomical correlations and longitudinal follow-up

Author

Bensa, Caroline, Bertogliati, Christelle, Chanalet, Stphane, Gregoire Malandain, Bedoucha, P., Lebrun, Christine, Asclepios, Project-Team, Analysis and Simulation of Biomedical Images (ASCLEPIOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)

Subjects
[SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, [INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

[In French]; Introduction. Cognitive impairment is frequent in relapsing remitting Multiple Sclerosis and is often diagnosed after disruption of occupational and social relations. METHODS: We studied at baseline a homogeneous population of 32 RRMS patients, diagnosed for less than 5 years, with spontaneous memory complaints, and 20 controls. Sixteen patients were followed for 2 years, combining physical examination, neuropsychological tests, and brain MRI. Neuropsychological tests used evaluated memory capacities, attentional capacities, executive functions, language, and visuo-constructive praxis. Lesion load on brain MRI was measured with semi-automatic segmentation procedures and manual control. RESULTS: Eighty percent of patients presented cognitive impairment, and this proportion was higher than that found in the literature. These disorders were more marked for verbal episodic memory, attention, and executive functions. Patients with brain MRI that initially fulfilled the Barkhof criteria and those with callous lesions had more memory disorders. No link between global T1 and T2 lesion loads and neuropsychological scores was found. A statistical link between posterior fossa lesions and attentional disorders was shown. In the longitudinal follow-up, patients had better performances in memory and attentional domains, and a lower number of cognitive domains with dysfunction for each patient. This improvement on neuropsychological tests, whereas EDSS levels were stable, underlined a possible test-retest effect. CONCLUSION: During the initial phase of the disease, most of the relapsing remitting patients present a mild cognitive impairment. Early detection, therapeutic propositions, and recognition of disorders are necessary.

Published
2006

13. Supplemental Material1 - Supplemental material for Oligoclonal bands increase the specificity of MRI criteria to predict multiple sclerosis in children with radiologically isolated syndrome

Author

Makhani, Naila, Lebrun, Christine, Siva, Aksel, Narula, Sona, Wassmer, Evangeline, Brassat, David, J Nicholas Brenton, Cabre, Philippe, Dallière, Clarisse Carra, Seze, Jérôme De, Francoise Durand Dubief, Inglese, Matilde, Langille, Megan, Mathey, Guillaume, Neuteboom, Rinze F, Pelletier, Jean, Pohl, Daniela, Reich, Daniel S, Rojas, Juan Ignacio, Shabanova, Veronika, Shapiro, Eugene D, Stone, Robert T, Tenembaum, Silvia, Tintoré, Mar, Ugur Uygunoglu, Vargas, Wendy, Venkateswaren, Sunita, Vermersch, Patrick, Kantarci, Orhun, Okuda, Darin T, and Pelletier, Daniel

Subjects
FOS: Clinical medicine, 16. Peace & justice, 3. Good health, 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases, Neuroscience
Abstract

Supplemental material, Supplemental Material1 for Oligoclonal bands increase the specificity of MRI criteria to predict multiple sclerosis in children with radiologically isolated syndrome by Naila Makhani, Christine Lebrun, Aksel Siva, Sona Narula, Evangeline Wassmer, David Brassat, J Nicholas Brenton, Philippe Cabre, Clarisse Carra Dallière, Jérôme de Seze, Francoise Durand Dubief, Matilde Inglese, Megan Langille, Guillaume Mathey, Rinze F Neuteboom, Jean Pelletier, Daniela Pohl, Daniel S Reich, Juan Ignacio Rojas, Veronika Shabanova, Eugene D Shapiro, Robert T Stone, Silvia Tenembaum, Mar Tintoré, Ugur Uygunoglu, Wendy Vargas, Sunita Venkateswaren, Patrick Vermersch, Orhun Kantarci, Darin T Okuda, Daniel Pelletier and on behalf of Observatoire Francophone de la Sclérose en Plaques (OFSEP), Société Francophone de la Sclérose en Plaques (SFSEP), the Radiologically Isolated Syndrome Consortium (RISC) and the Pediatric Radiologically Isolated Syndrome Consortium (PARIS) in Multiple Sclerosis Journal – Experimental, Translational and Clinical

14. Supplemental Material2 - Supplemental material for Oligoclonal bands increase the specificity of MRI criteria to predict multiple sclerosis in children with radiologically isolated syndrome

Author

Makhani, Naila, Lebrun, Christine, Siva, Aksel, Narula, Sona, Wassmer, Evangeline, Brassat, David, J Nicholas Brenton, Cabre, Philippe, Dallière, Clarisse Carra, Seze, Jérôme De, Francoise Durand Dubief, Inglese, Matilde, Langille, Megan, Mathey, Guillaume, Neuteboom, Rinze F, Pelletier, Jean, Pohl, Daniela, Reich, Daniel S, Rojas, Juan Ignacio, Shabanova, Veronika, Shapiro, Eugene D, Stone, Robert T, Tenembaum, Silvia, Tintoré, Mar, Ugur Uygunoglu, Vargas, Wendy, Venkateswaren, Sunita, Vermersch, Patrick, Kantarci, Orhun, Okuda, Darin T, and Pelletier, Daniel

Subjects
FOS: Clinical medicine, 16. Peace & justice, 3. Good health, 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases, Neuroscience
Abstract

Supplemental material, Supplemental Material2 for Oligoclonal bands increase the specificity of MRI criteria to predict multiple sclerosis in children with radiologically isolated syndrome by Naila Makhani, Christine Lebrun, Aksel Siva, Sona Narula, Evangeline Wassmer, David Brassat, J Nicholas Brenton, Philippe Cabre, Clarisse Carra Dallière, Jérôme de Seze, Francoise Durand Dubief, Matilde Inglese, Megan Langille, Guillaume Mathey, Rinze F Neuteboom, Jean Pelletier, Daniela Pohl, Daniel S Reich, Juan Ignacio Rojas, Veronika Shabanova, Eugene D Shapiro, Robert T Stone, Silvia Tenembaum, Mar Tintoré, Ugur Uygunoglu, Wendy Vargas, Sunita Venkateswaren, Patrick Vermersch, Orhun Kantarci, Darin T Okuda, Daniel Pelletier and on behalf of Observatoire Francophone de la Sclérose en Plaques (OFSEP), Société Francophone de la Sclérose en Plaques (SFSEP), the Radiologically Isolated Syndrome Consortium (RISC) and the Pediatric Radiologically Isolated Syndrome Consortium (PARIS) in Multiple Sclerosis Journal – Experimental, Translational and Clinical

15. {The contribution of automatic anatomical matching of sequential brain MRI scans in the monitoring of multiple sclerosis lesions}

Author

Lebrun, Christine, Rey, David, Chanalet, Stphane, Bourg, Vronique, Bensa, Caroline, Chatel, Marcel, Ayache, Nicholas, Gregoire Malandain, Laboratoire d'ingénierie circulation transports (LICIT), Institut National de Recherche sur les Transports et leur Sécurité (INRETS)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Medical imaging and robotics (EPIDAURE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, multiple sclerosis, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

in French; International audience; INTRODUCTION: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has transformed management of patients with multiple sclerosis. The exact contribution of brain MRI remains a subject of debate, but it is generally considered to provide a more specific and more sensitive outcome measure for monitoring purposes and for testing new therapies. The choice of MRI techniques, and measurement reproducibility for multiple sclerosis brain lesions are not defined with precision for routine practice. There are many sources of error when comparing successive images which can be overcome to some extent with repositioning and image processing techniques. METHODS: We evaluated the impact of image repositioning on treatment decision-making for twelve relapsing remitting patients. Brain MRIs were performed every three months for a one-year period. Two neurologists interpreted the non-repositioned and repositioned images giving their analysis of changes in the lesions visualized on the T2 sequences and their therapeutic decisions. RESULTS: For the first neurologist, analysis of the non-repositioned images yielded six patients whose lesions had worsened while for the repositioned images there were only three. For the second neurologist, four patients had more lesions with the non-repositioned images and only three with repositioning. The subjective interpretations were the same for the two neurologists when they used repositioned images. CONCLUSIONS: Comparison by two neurologists of non-repositioned and repositioned MRI, with no other image processing, affected the analysis and in certain cases propositions for treatment.

17. Supplemental Material1 - Supplemental material for Oligoclonal bands increase the specificity of MRI criteria to predict multiple sclerosis in children with radiologically isolated syndrome

Author

Makhani, Naila, Lebrun, Christine, Siva, Aksel, Narula, Sona, Wassmer, Evangeline, Brassat, David, J Nicholas Brenton, Cabre, Philippe, Dallière, Clarisse Carra, Seze, Jérôme De, Francoise Durand Dubief, Inglese, Matilde, Langille, Megan, Mathey, Guillaume, Neuteboom, Rinze F, Pelletier, Jean, Pohl, Daniela, Reich, Daniel S, Rojas, Juan Ignacio, Shabanova, Veronika, Shapiro, Eugene D, Stone, Robert T, Tenembaum, Silvia, Tintoré, Mar, Ugur Uygunoglu, Vargas, Wendy, Venkateswaren, Sunita, Vermersch, Patrick, Kantarci, Orhun, Okuda, Darin T, and Pelletier, Daniel

Subjects
FOS: Clinical medicine, 16. Peace & justice, 3. Good health, 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases, Neuroscience
Abstract

Supplemental material, Supplemental Material1 for Oligoclonal bands increase the specificity of MRI criteria to predict multiple sclerosis in children with radiologically isolated syndrome by Naila Makhani, Christine Lebrun, Aksel Siva, Sona Narula, Evangeline Wassmer, David Brassat, J Nicholas Brenton, Philippe Cabre, Clarisse Carra Dallière, Jérôme de Seze, Francoise Durand Dubief, Matilde Inglese, Megan Langille, Guillaume Mathey, Rinze F Neuteboom, Jean Pelletier, Daniela Pohl, Daniel S Reich, Juan Ignacio Rojas, Veronika Shabanova, Eugene D Shapiro, Robert T Stone, Silvia Tenembaum, Mar Tintoré, Ugur Uygunoglu, Wendy Vargas, Sunita Venkateswaren, Patrick Vermersch, Orhun Kantarci, Darin T Okuda, Daniel Pelletier and on behalf of Observatoire Francophone de la Sclérose en Plaques (OFSEP), Société Francophone de la Sclérose en Plaques (SFSEP), the Radiologically Isolated Syndrome Consortium (RISC) and the Pediatric Radiologically Isolated Syndrome Consortium (PARIS) in Multiple Sclerosis Journal – Experimental, Translational and Clinical

18. Supplemental Material2 - Supplemental material for Oligoclonal bands increase the specificity of MRI criteria to predict multiple sclerosis in children with radiologically isolated syndrome

Author

Makhani, Naila, Lebrun, Christine, Siva, Aksel, Narula, Sona, Wassmer, Evangeline, Brassat, David, J Nicholas Brenton, Cabre, Philippe, Dallière, Clarisse Carra, Seze, Jérôme De, Francoise Durand Dubief, Inglese, Matilde, Langille, Megan, Mathey, Guillaume, Neuteboom, Rinze F, Pelletier, Jean, Pohl, Daniela, Reich, Daniel S, Rojas, Juan Ignacio, Shabanova, Veronika, Shapiro, Eugene D, Stone, Robert T, Tenembaum, Silvia, Tintoré, Mar, Ugur Uygunoglu, Vargas, Wendy, Venkateswaren, Sunita, Vermersch, Patrick, Kantarci, Orhun, Okuda, Darin T, and Pelletier, Daniel

Subjects
FOS: Clinical medicine, 16. Peace & justice, 3. Good health, 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases, Neuroscience
Abstract

Supplemental material, Supplemental Material2 for Oligoclonal bands increase the specificity of MRI criteria to predict multiple sclerosis in children with radiologically isolated syndrome by Naila Makhani, Christine Lebrun, Aksel Siva, Sona Narula, Evangeline Wassmer, David Brassat, J Nicholas Brenton, Philippe Cabre, Clarisse Carra Dallière, Jérôme de Seze, Francoise Durand Dubief, Matilde Inglese, Megan Langille, Guillaume Mathey, Rinze F Neuteboom, Jean Pelletier, Daniela Pohl, Daniel S Reich, Juan Ignacio Rojas, Veronika Shabanova, Eugene D Shapiro, Robert T Stone, Silvia Tenembaum, Mar Tintoré, Ugur Uygunoglu, Wendy Vargas, Sunita Venkateswaren, Patrick Vermersch, Orhun Kantarci, Darin T Okuda, Daniel Pelletier and on behalf of Observatoire Francophone de la Sclérose en Plaques (OFSEP), Société Francophone de la Sclérose en Plaques (SFSEP), the Radiologically Isolated Syndrome Consortium (RISC) and the Pediatric Radiologically Isolated Syndrome Consortium (PARIS) in Multiple Sclerosis Journal – Experimental, Translational and Clinical

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